美国分析化学(英文)最新文献_第6页

Quality Control of Tramadol in Kisangani: Development, Validation, and Application of a UV-Vis Spectroscopic Method 基桑加尼曲马多的质量控制：紫外-可见光谱法的开发、验证和应用

美国分析化学(英文) Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2021.128018

Marguerite Borive Amani, J. M. Kindenge, Emile Tweni Baruti, Elodie Nsasi Bakiantima, S. Agasa, P. Hubert, Roland Marini Djang’eing’a

{"title":"Quality Control of Tramadol in Kisangani: Development, Validation, and Application of a UV-Vis Spectroscopic Method","authors":"Marguerite Borive Amani, J. M. Kindenge, Emile Tweni Baruti, Elodie Nsasi Bakiantima, S. Agasa, P. Hubert, Roland Marini Djang’eing’a","doi":"10.4236/ajac.2021.128018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajac.2021.128018","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Substandard and falsified medicines are circulating in low-income countries mostly without any control. We availed a simple and not expensive UV-Vis spectroscopic method to evaluate the quality of tramadol in Kisangani before and during the Covid-19 period. Methods: For the analytical quantitative method, an experimental design was applied to set up the optimal levels of the selected factors, namely, pH of dissolution medium, type of cuvette, and wavelength. Taking into account the capsule pharmaceutical formulation within 80 - 120 μg&middotmL-1 concentration range, we analyzed 89 tramadol samples from pharmacies and hospitals of the six Kisangani municipalities. Results: pH showed a significant effect on absorbance, whereas quartz cuvette and wavelength did not. A typical 100 μg&middotmL-1 tramadol solution gave an absorbance of 0.64 at 272 nm. Validation highlighted a matrix effect observed with a 6% bias. A correction factor of 0.9372 allowed to improve the accuracy profile, which were then totally included within the 10% acceptance limits. Quality control revealed that 25 samples out of 89 were not compliant in terms of manufacturing license, registration status in DRC and content as well. Conclusion: This study showed that the strengthening of analytical strategy in Kisangani is a need.","PeriodicalId":63216,"journal":{"name":"美国分析化学(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42049390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Spectroscopic Sensing Characteristics of Novel Osmium Carbonyl Complexes to DNA and Other Polyanions 新型锇羰基配合物对DNA和其他聚阴离子的光谱传感特性

美国分析化学(英文) Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2021.127017

Gregory Ostner, Cody Piotrowski, X. Ren, Yudong Lei, Mehrun Uddin, S. Wong, K. Chen, L. Pham, Elise G. Megehee, E. Wang

{"title":"Spectroscopic Sensing Characteristics of Novel Osmium Carbonyl Complexes to DNA and Other Polyanions","authors":"Gregory Ostner, Cody Piotrowski, X. Ren, Yudong Lei, Mehrun Uddin, S. Wong, K. Chen, L. Pham, Elise G. Megehee, E. Wang","doi":"10.4236/ajac.2021.127017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajac.2021.127017","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the absorbance and luminescence response of two osmium(II) phenathrane (phen) carbonyl complexes to various DNA, heparin and i-carrageenan polyanions were studied. The [Os(phen)2CO(L)]2+ complexes with L either a 4-phenyl pyridine (4-phpy) or phenyl imidazole (phimd) group exhibit moderate luminescent intensity in the visible region, their intensities are highly altered by the addition of DNA and other polyanion samples. These luminescent responses to polyanions were also compared with the [Ru(phen)3]2+ complex. In ethanol solution, the presence of polyanions significantly enhanced the luminescent emission intensity of [Os(phen)2CO(L)]2+ complexes with a blue shift. While the polyanions all showed emission enhancement on the highly lumi-nescent [Ru(phen)3]2+ complex in ethanol solution with a red spectra shift. The [Os(phen)2CO(L)] 2+ with (phimd) ligand has the lowest emission in ethanol solution, its intensity can be enhanced up to 11 times in the presence of DNA polyanions. This enhancement for all the complexes in ethanol is mainly due to their electrostatic interaction with the anion sites and with some degree of ligand intercalation into the polyanion hydrophobic structure which reduced the solvent quenching of the complexes. The blue shift of the (4-phpy) and particularly (phimd) Os(II)CO complexes indicate an insertion of the (4-phpy) or (phimd) group into the polymer chains. The two new Os(II)CO complexes has great potential to be used as luminescence sensors for DNA and polyanion detection in the low micro molar range with high sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":63216,"journal":{"name":"美国分析化学(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45233343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultra-Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for the Trace Level Quantification of Six Potential Genotoxic Nitrosamine Impurities in Telmisartan 超灵敏LC-MS/MS法定量替米沙坦中6种潜在遗传毒性亚硝胺类杂质

美国分析化学(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.4236/AJAC.2021.126014

Kartheek Srinivas Chidella, Vijay Bharathi Dasari, J. Anireddy

{"title":"Ultra-Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for the Trace Level Quantification of Six Potential Genotoxic Nitrosamine Impurities in Telmisartan","authors":"Kartheek Srinivas Chidella, Vijay Bharathi Dasari, J. Anireddy","doi":"10.4236/AJAC.2021.126014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/AJAC.2021.126014","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrosamine impurities are potentially genotoxic which are considered under cohort of concern as per ICH M7 guidelines and need to be controlled at trace levels during quantification in drug substances and drug products for safe human consumption. Recent regulatory requirements also suggest the need to have highly sensitive analytical methods for the accurate quantification of Nitrosamine impurities. In this paper we have presented simple, rapid and ultra-sensitive LC-MS/MS method for six potential genotoxic nitrosamine impurities: N-Nitroso dimethyl amine (NDMA), N-Nitroso diethyl amine (NDEA), N-Nitroso Ethyl Iso propylamine (NEIPA), N-Nitroso-N-methyl-4-aminobutyric acid (NMBA) N-Nitroso diisopropylamino (NDIPA) and N-Nitroso dibutyl amine (NDBA) with a LOQ of 0.004 ppm. Chromatographic separation is achieved using Zorbax SB C18 150 × 3.0 mm, 3.5 μ column with 0.1% formic acid in water as mobile phase A and 0.1% formic acid in methanol as mobile phase B at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min using gradient mode of elution at a total run time of 18 minutes. Six nitrosamine impurities are successfully ionized and quantified in positive mode of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Method validation is performed as per ICH guidelines evaluating the limit of quantification and detection and found to give good S/N ratios with good linearity range of 0.002 - 2 ppm with regression coefficient >0.99 for all the six nitrosamine impurities. Method recoveries are established using three-step sample preparation protocol and are found to be satisfactory within 80% - 120%. The method can be used routinely applied for the detection of Nitrosamines in Telmisartan at a concentration of 1.5 ng/ml (0.03 ppm with respect to telmisartan concentration of 50 mg/ml).","PeriodicalId":63216,"journal":{"name":"美国分析化学(英文)","volume":"12 1","pages":"227-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42011346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Calcium and Lead Levels in the Biological Samples and Their Effect on the Biochemical Parameters of Indoor and Outdoor Workers of Five Zonal Areas of Coal Mining Field 煤矿矿区五区室内外作业人员生物样品中钙、铅含量及其对生化指标的影响

美国分析化学(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2021.126016

H. I. Afridi, Qutubuddin Solangi, T. Kazi, F. Talpur, J. Baig, G. Chanihoon, G. M. Channa

{"title":"Calcium and Lead Levels in the Biological Samples and Their Effect on the Biochemical Parameters of Indoor and Outdoor Workers of Five Zonal Areas of Coal Mining Field","authors":"H. I. Afridi, Qutubuddin Solangi, T. Kazi, F. Talpur, J. Baig, G. Chanihoon, G. M. Channa","doi":"10.4236/ajac.2021.126016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajac.2021.126016","url":null,"abstract":"Workers of the Lakhra coal mining Sindh Pakistan were affected by a multi-factorial exposure of heavy metals. The prevalence of lead (Pb) exposures in work-related symptoms among workers of indoor and outdoor mining of Lakhra coal mining was evaluated in detail. The biological samples (scalp hair and blood) of 270 workers of Lakhra coal mining {official and control subjects} (indoor and outdoor) 18 to 55 years age group and 70 referent subjects of same age-groups were examined. The biological samples (blood and scalp hair) of workers of Lakhra coal mining and referent subjects were analyzed for calcium (Ca) and lead (Pb). Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was applied for the determination of the Ca in digested samples of studied subjects by the microwave oven whereas, the Pb contents were measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The validity of the methodology was checked by using the certified human hair material (BCR 397) and lyophilized human blood (Clincheck). The results indicated the higher contents of Pb in biological samples of indoor and outdoor mining workers than referents. However, the levels of Ca were found to be lower in indoor and outdoor mining workers than those of referents. It can be concluded that immediate action should be taken by recommended authorities to improve the ventilation and hygiene practices inside the industries, mines, and other workplaces.","PeriodicalId":63216,"journal":{"name":"美国分析化学(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48194044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Interaction between Cadmium and Zinc Levels in the Biological Samples of Type 1 Diabetic Mellitus Children, Reside in Different Areas of Sindh, Pakistan 巴基斯坦信德省不同地区1型糖尿病儿童生物样本中镉和锌水平的相互作用

美国分析化学(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2021.126015

Anjum Lashari, H. I. Afridi, T. Kazi, F. Talpur, J. Baig, G. Chanihoon, G. M. Channa

{"title":"Interaction between Cadmium and Zinc Levels in the Biological Samples of Type 1 Diabetic Mellitus Children, Reside in Different Areas of Sindh, Pakistan","authors":"Anjum Lashari, H. I. Afridi, T. Kazi, F. Talpur, J. Baig, G. Chanihoon, G. M. Channa","doi":"10.4236/ajac.2021.126015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajac.2021.126015","url":null,"abstract":"Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the familiar childhood immune-mediated onsets and can lead to early mortalities and morbidities. It can arise at any stage, but the peak of occurrence is reported less than 18 years of age. T1DM cases in Pakistan were less than 2% of the total diabetic population. The current work designed to assess the concentration of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) in blood, scalp hair and serum samples of T1DM children, age ranged 1 - 14 years of both genders. For comparison purpose, the age-matched referent subjects of both genders were tested. The microwave-assisted acid digestion procedure was used to determine the elemental analysis in the biological samples of T1DM children and referent subjects. The resulted data of certified reference material of blood, scalp hair, and serum validated the certainty of the designed method. The analysis of Zn was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, while the Cd contents were determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. T1DM affected children of both genders have lower Zn level in the blood, scalp hair, and serum samples. Whereas, the levels of Cd were found to be higher in the biological samples of T1DM affected children as compared to referent subjects. The finding of the current study is a significant hypothesis for medical experts, to diagnose the deficiency of essential (Zn) and toxicity of heavy/toxic element (Cd) in the biological specimen of T1DM affected children.","PeriodicalId":63216,"journal":{"name":"美国分析化学(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48567281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Adsorption Isotherm, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Modelling of Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952 Mediated Adsorption of Arsenic in Groundwaters of Selected Gold Mining Communities in the Wassa West Municipality of the Western Region of Ghana 枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC13952介导的砷在加纳西部Wassa West市选定金矿社区地下水中的吸附等温线、动力学和热力学模型

美国分析化学(英文) Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.4236/AJAC.2021.125010

E. A. Asare, E. Dartey, K. Sarpong, Emmanuel Effah-Yeboah, Papa Kofi Amissah-Reynolds, S. Tagoe, Gadafi Iddrisu Balali

{"title":"Adsorption Isotherm, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Modelling of Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952 Mediated Adsorption of Arsenic in Groundwaters of Selected Gold Mining Communities in the Wassa West Municipality of the Western Region of Ghana","authors":"E. A. Asare, E. Dartey, K. Sarpong, Emmanuel Effah-Yeboah, Papa Kofi Amissah-Reynolds, S. Tagoe, Gadafi Iddrisu Balali","doi":"10.4236/AJAC.2021.125010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/AJAC.2021.125010","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952 as an adsorbent for arsenic in groundwater. Batch experiments were used to determine the effect of contact time, adsorbent dose, arsenic (III) concentration, pH, and temperature on the process. The percentage of arsenic (III) removed was high at a contact time of four days, 3.0 mL of Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952, pH 8 and temperature of 35°C. The kinetics of the process showed the Elovich kinetics model as the best fit for the process. This indicates that arsenic removal was by chemisorption. The analysis of the nonlinear equilibrium isotherms and the error functions showed the Langmuir isotherm as best fit for the process. Mechanistic study of the process indicated bulk diffusion to be the rate-determining step. Thermodynamically, the process was favourable, spontaneous and feasible. When the community water samples were treated with the Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952 at the optimum contact time, adsorbent dose, pH and temperature, 99.96% - 99.97% of arsenic was removed across all sampling points within the studied communities. Hence, the results show that Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952 is an efficient adsorbent for arsenic in aqueous systems and the organism appears to hold the key to purging the environment of arsenic contamination.","PeriodicalId":63216,"journal":{"name":"美国分析化学(英文)","volume":"12 1","pages":"121-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46832282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Elemental Concentrations in Biological Samples of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Other Pulmonary Disease Patients 冠状病毒病(COVID-19)和其他肺部疾病患者生物样品中的元素浓度

美国分析化学(英文) Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.4236/AJAC.2021.125011

H. I. Afridi, T. Kazi, F. Talpur, J. Baig, G. Chanihoon, A. Lashari, G. M. Channa

{"title":"Elemental Concentrations in Biological Samples of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Other Pulmonary Disease Patients","authors":"H. I. Afridi, T. Kazi, F. Talpur, J. Baig, G. Chanihoon, A. Lashari, G. M. Channa","doi":"10.4236/AJAC.2021.125011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/AJAC.2021.125011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recently, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been affected by the extreme acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has developed important global health anxiety. At this time, the treatment options for this disease are only moderately successful. Smoking has been related to COVID-19 and its mortality, and it has the potential to affect bacteriological and viral conversion, clinical effects, and treatment outcomes. Methods: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between critical essential trace {zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu)} and toxic {cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni)} elements in human biological samples such as scalp hair, serum, saliva, blood, nasal fluid, and sputum of smoking and nonsmoking male COVID-19 patients (n = 139, age range 25 - 38 years) from Hyderabad, Pakistan. For comparative purposes, the biological specimens of referent persons (n = 83), pulmonary Tuberculosis (T.B) patients (n = 67), Pneumonia (n = 56) of the same age groups were also be analyzed. Microwave oven mediated digestion method was employed, and digestion of samples was carried out with the help of 2:1 mixture solution of HNO3 (65%) and H2O2 (30%). Atomic absorption spectrometry was employed for the determination of elemental concentrations from the microwave oven employed digested samples. Results: The found average of essential elements (Zn, Fe, and Cu) in biological specimens of smoker and nonsmoker male COVID-19, T.B, and Pneumonia patients was found to lower, whilst cadmium and nickel were found to be higher when compared with samples from referents (p S. pneumoniae. Our findings also suggest that higher Cd and Ni concentrations are linked to cigarette smoking, which could lead to COVID-19 and other lung-infected diseased recurrences. However, further clinical and experimental research is required.","PeriodicalId":63216,"journal":{"name":"美国分析化学(英文)","volume":"12 1","pages":"162-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44041177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chiral Recognition of Binaphthyl Derivatives with L-Undecyl Leucine Surfactants in the Presence of Sodium and Lysine Counterions l -十一烷基亮氨酸表面活性剂在钠和赖氨酸反离子存在下的手性识别

美国分析化学(英文) Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.4236/AJAC.2021.125012

Mauro Garcia, Amanda Risley, F. Billiot, E. Billiot, K. Morris

{"title":"Chiral Recognition of Binaphthyl Derivatives with L-Undecyl Leucine Surfactants in the Presence of Sodium and Lysine Counterions","authors":"Mauro Garcia, Amanda Risley, F. Billiot, E. Billiot, K. Morris","doi":"10.4236/AJAC.2021.125012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/AJAC.2021.125012","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effect of counterions on the chiral recognition of 1,1'-Binaphthyl-2,2'-diamine (BNA) and 1,1'-Binaphthyl-2,2'-diyl hydrogenphosphate (BNP) enantiomers when using an amino acid-based surfactant undecanoyl L-leucine (und-Leu) as the chiral pseudostationary phase in capillary electrophoresis. The effects of using two different counterions (sodium and lysine) on the chiral recognition of binaphthyl derivatives were compared at varying pH conditions. The enantiomeric separation of BNA and BNP enantiomers via capillary electrophoresis, using und-Leu as the chiral recognition medium, significantly improved the enantiomeric resolution in capillary electrophoresis at pH 7 when using Lysine counterions as compared to using sodium as the counterion. More specifically, at a surfactant concentration of 45 mM, at pH 7, a significant increase in chiral selectivity was observed when lysine was used as the counterion compared to sodium. The enantiomeric resolution of BNA and BNP increased by 6-fold and 1.1-fold, respectively, in capillary electrophoresis experiments when lysine was utilized as the counterion compared to using sodium. Furthermore, the retention factor of BNA and BNP enantiomers also increased approximately 3.5-fold and 4-fold, respectively, in the presence of lysine counterions as compared to using sodium counterions. When running buffer in capillary electrophoresis was increased to pH 11, the resolution and retention factors were nearly identical when comparing the effects of the sodium and lysine counterions. This signifies the important role of lysine’s positive net charge on chiral recognition. This study provides insight into the potential advantages of using cationic, pH-dependent counterions such as lysine to significantly improve the chiral recognition of binaphthyl derivatives when using chiral anionic surfactants as the pseudostationary phase in capillary electrophoresis.","PeriodicalId":63216,"journal":{"name":"美国分析化学(英文)","volume":"12 1","pages":"188-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42168866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies: Adsorption of Pb, Cr and Ni Ions from Spent Lubrication Oil (SLO) Using Acid Modified Clay 酸改性粘土吸附废润滑油中铅、铬、镍离子的动力学和热力学研究

美国分析化学(英文) Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.4236/AJAC.2021.125009

F. S. Atsar, D. Kukwa, R. Wuana, B. Arwenyo

引用次数: 0

Extraction of Fat and Fatty Acid Composition from Slaughterhouse Waste by Evaluating Conventional Analytical Methods 从屠宰场废弃物中提取脂肪和脂肪酸组成的传统分析方法评价

美国分析化学(英文) Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.4236/AJAC.2021.125013

Ariba Khan, F. Talpur, M. I. Bhanger, S. Musharraf, H. I. Afridi

{"title":"Extraction of Fat and Fatty Acid Composition from Slaughterhouse Waste by Evaluating Conventional Analytical Methods","authors":"Ariba Khan, F. Talpur, M. I. Bhanger, S. Musharraf, H. I. Afridi","doi":"10.4236/AJAC.2021.125013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/AJAC.2021.125013","url":null,"abstract":"To attain maximum recovery of useful compounds from slaughterhouse waste (Suet, Tongue, Pancreas) of selected ruminant (cow, goat, lamb, and bull), the fat extraction efficiency of popular methods was compared along with fatty acid (FAs) composition. Four selected methods including Soxhlet (SOX), acid hydrolysis, Bligh & dyer (B&D), and Folch (FOL) were assessed. After methylation, extracted lipids were analyzed by Gas chromatography for FA composition. Data indicated that all selected methods were significantly (p < 0.05) different from each other, particularly higher differences were noticed for low lipid-containing products (Tongue, Pancreas) as well as their respective FA Composition. Based on Analysis of Variance and Principal component analysis, the effective method for lipid and FA Composition analysis was the FOL method. The Soxhlet method was only effective for samples with high-fat content i.e., suet, while the B&D method gave comparatively low lipid content in analyzed samples. Hence based on the results, excellent fat and fatty acid extraction was achieved with the FOL method.","PeriodicalId":63216,"journal":{"name":"美国分析化学(英文)","volume":"12 1","pages":"202-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42650239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1