Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Spatio-temporal variability and possible source identification of criteria pollutants from Ahmedabad-a megacity of Western India","authors":"Shahana Bano,&nbsp;Vrinda Anand,&nbsp;Ritesh Kalbande,&nbsp;Gufran Beig,&nbsp;Devendra Singh Rathore","doi":"10.1007/s10874-023-09456-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10874-023-09456-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study addresses the spatio-temporal variability and plausible sources of criteria air pollutants in the Western Indian city-Ahmedabad. The air pollutants PM₁₀, PM_2.5, O₃, NO₂, SO_2, and CO have been analyzed at ten locations in Ahmedabad from 2017 to 2019. The seasonal variability indicates that the air pollutant concentration is highest during winter, followed by pre-monsoon, post-monsoon, and monsoon seasons. The concentration of PM_2.5 (59.52 ± 16.68–89.72 ± 20.68) and PM₁₀ (107.25 ± 30.43–176.04 ± 38.34) crosses the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) in all seasons. However, the seasonal difference from winter to pre-monsoon is not highly significant (p &gt; 0.05), indicating that the pollution remains fairly similar during these two seasons. The spatial variability of air pollutants over Ahmedabad indicates that the concentration is highest in the south and central region of Ahmedabad and lowest at the east location. The Ventilation Coefficient (VC) has been used to understand the dispersion of air pollutants. The K-means clustering was performed to assess the locations within Ahmedabad with similar air pollutants sources followed by source identification using Principal Component Analysis-Multiple Linear Regression method (PCA-MLR) of 5 clusters. The different locations identified were industrial, residential, and traffic which mainly contribute to the air pollutants in Ahmedabad city. The health risk assessment indicates PMs are the leading pollutant and causing excess risk (ER &gt; 1) at all the locations. With the help of the different statistical techniques, it helps in ascertaining the hotspots of air pollution in a region which will be beneficial in studying health exposure and for policymakers to adopt mitigation strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138631151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wet deposition of total nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon and heavy metals investigating role of long-range transport at two sites in Delhi","authors":"Sunaina S.,&nbsp;U. C. Kulshrestha","doi":"10.1007/s10874-023-09453-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10874-023-09453-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Precipitation is one of the significant phenomena for deposition of nitrogen, carbon and metal fractions. In the current study, Total Nitrogen (TN), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and metal concentrations were measured at two sites having distinct land use patterns in Delhi National Capital Region during different seasons in 2018 and 2019 to find out their potential sources. The TN mean concentration was found to be 16.0 mg/l and 7.0 mg/l at DG and JN site respectively. Whereas the DOC mean concentration was found to be 3.8 mg/l and 2.5 mg/l at DG and JN site respectively. The sequence for the metal concentrations was recorded as Ca &gt; Na &gt; Mg &gt;K&gt; Al  &gt; Cu &gt; Fe &gt; Mn &gt; Zn &gt; As for DG site whereas at JN site we recorded different sequence i.e., Ca &gt; Al &gt; Na &gt; K &gt; Mg &gt; Fe &gt; Mn &gt; Zn &gt; Cu &gt; As. Different sources can be attributed to the influence of anthropogenic activities (agriculture, animal husbandry) on nitrogenous species, and biomass burning on dissolved organic carbon species. The wind rose plots indicated that the local and regional sources located in the south-eastern and north-western direction from the sites influenced the wet deposition of the species. Air-mass back trajectory analysis implied the influence of air masses originating from the Bay of Bengal during monsoon season while that of air masses originating from Haryana, Punjab and further north-west during winter season. Presently, very limited information is available on TN and DOC linking with heavy metals. The current study will be filling such gaps to further help nitrogen and carbon budgeting and linking nitrogen with climate change. The study has policy implications as well for north-central India especially for identifying and controlling local, trans-boundary and distance emission sources. The findings facilitate us to understand a holistic view of chemical composition of precipitation so that effective mitigation measures can be taken accordingly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":"80 4","pages":"291 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10874-023-09453-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135868289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of lockdown (COVID-19) and unlocking period on ambient air quality and human health in Lucknow city, India","authors":"Ankit Kumar,&nbsp;Priya Saxena,&nbsp;Abdul Atiq Siddiqui,&nbsp;Sreekanth Bojjagani,&nbsp;Altaf Husain Khan,&nbsp;Ganesh Chandra Kisku","doi":"10.1007/s10874-023-09451-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10874-023-09451-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lucknow is one of the most polluted metro-city in India with increasing vehicular density and fuel consumption in the last three decades. The study was conducted during years 2019–2021 for measurement of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulphur dioxide (SO₂), respirable particulate matter (PM₁₀), and noise levels at nine selected sites; 4 residential, 4 commercial, and 1 industrial, encompassing prior-to-lockdown, during-lockdown, and after-lockdown periods. Values of PM₁₀ for prior-to-lockdown, during-lockdown, and after-lockdown period ranged from 133.2 to 197.4, 77.0 to 135.0, and 91.4 to 148.0 µg/m³, respectively while values of PM_2.5 were 66.5 to 93.6, 41.9 to 67.5 and 49.5 to 98.6 µg/m³, respectively. Corresponding values of SO₂ ranged from 8.7 to 12.8, 5.5 to 7.6, and 11.4 to 17.6 µg/m³, respectively while values of NO₂ were 24.6 to 57.0, 20.5 to 32.8, and 26.1 to 43.8 µg/m³, respectively. Order of the trace metals associated with PM_2.5 is Co &lt; Cd &lt; As &lt; Cr &lt; Ni &lt; Cu &lt; Pb &lt; Mn &lt; K &lt; Zn, Co &lt; Cd &lt; As &lt; Cr &lt; Cu &lt; Ni &lt; Pb &lt; Mn &lt; Zn &lt; K and Cd &lt; Co &lt; As &lt; Cr &lt; Cu &lt; Ni &lt; Pb &lt; Mn &lt; K &lt; Zn in the same periods. Statistical data evidenced that the air quality of the city witnessed drastic improvement during the COVID-19 pandemic. WHO AIRQ + was utilized to calculate attributable health risk and post-neonatal disease burden; showing 1447 ± 768 estimated number of cases attributable to ambient PM₁₀ per lakh of population. Regulatory authorities need to establish new benchmarks for the prevention and management of public health risks for urban resilience and environmental management for episodic events in the near future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":"80 4","pages":"271 - 289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48575086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wintertime trends of particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at north-east site of India: chemical characterization and source identification","authors":"Pratibha Vishwakarma,&nbsp;Pradhi Rajeev,&nbsp;Shahadev Rabha,&nbsp;Nazrul Islam,&nbsp;Binoy K. Saikia,&nbsp;Tarun Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s10874-023-09450-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10874-023-09450-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Particulate-bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been identified as pollutants of serious concern due to their severe health impacts on human and animal life. In the present work, 16 USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) identified PAHs present in PM_2.5 at Jorhat, India during the winter months (Jan-March, 2020) were analyzed. Apart from the temporal variability of these compounds, the impact of varying meteorological factors like temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and planetary boundary layer height on PAHs concentration have also been studied. It has been observed that the effect of ambient air temperature and planetary boundary layer on PAHs concentration are significant compared to other meteorological parameters during the winter season. The average concentration of total PAHs during this period was 157.2 ± 127.7 ng/m³ with dominance of high molecular weight aromatics compared to the low molecular weight ones. Among all 16 PAHs studied, the contribution of benzo(b,j)fluoranthene (27.26%) to total PAHs concentration was found to be the highest followed by di-benzo(a,h)anthracene (10.37%). Source identification analysis using isomeric PAHs ratios indicated that crop residue burning, vehicular emission, coal, and wood combustion are the major emission sources of PAHs. A comparative study of PAHs emission at the present site with other northern cities of India has been performed and it is observed that vehicular emission contributing to PAHs is common to all cities but in Kolkata, wood and coal combustion were also responsible for PAHs emission. Biomass burning is also seen to be a contributor to Amritsar. Whereas in Jorhat, crop residue and coal/wood combustion are seen to be major contributors to PM_2.5 bound PAHs unlike other cities.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":"80 4","pages":"251 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41640570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical analysis of the variability of reactive trace gases (SO2, NO2 and ozone) in Greater Cairo during dust storm events","authors":"Mohamed Boraiy,&nbsp;Mossad El-Metwally,&nbsp;Ali Wheida,&nbsp;Mostafa El-Nazer,&nbsp;Salwa K. Hassan,&nbsp;Fatma F. El-Sanabary,&nbsp;Stéphane C. Alfaro,&nbsp;Magdy Abdelwahab,&nbsp;Agnès Borbon","doi":"10.1007/s10874-023-09449-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10874-023-09449-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The data of 17 air quality monitoring stations of Greater Cairo are used to perform a statistical analysis aiming to detect any heterogeneous surface effects of mineral dust on the distribution of reactive trace gases (SO₂ NO₂, and ozone) in. After a thorough quality check, the methodology consisted of i) selecting representative stations by agglomerative hierarchical clustering, ii) identifying dust events based on PM₁₀ measurements, remote sensing observations, and meteorology, and iii) applying the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis (KW) hypothesis test to compare (at the 95% confidence level) trace gas concentrations during dust and non-dust events. The representative stations display either a background-like or a bimodal variability with concentrations (even that of the secondary product NO₂) peaking at traffic rush hours but during dust storms all stations capture the signal of mineral dust advection. Eight wintertime and springtime dust cases are retained for the study. After the role of the confounding factors (i.e., ventilation index, relative humidity, and photolysis) has been carefully discussed and taken into account, the KW test shows that there is no significant reduction of the SO₂, NO₂ and ozone concentrations attributable to dust during 7 of the 8 events. The drop of the concentrations coinciding with the advection of dry dust-laden Saharan air masses is rather an effect of the dilution resulting from the combination of large wind speed and mixing layer height than of the heterogeneous uptake of these gases on the mineral dust surface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":"80 4","pages":"227 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10874-023-09449-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45761583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial variations in physico-chemical characteristics of PΜ2.5 in an urban coastal city of India and associated health risks","authors":"Shruti Tripathi,&nbsp;Abhishek Chakraborty,&nbsp;Debayan Mandal","doi":"10.1007/s10874-023-09448-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10874-023-09448-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the chemical composition of Particulate Matter, Organic Carbon (OC), and Elemental Carbon (EC) in residential and traffic sites in Mumbai. The average PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations at the traffic site (Sakinaka) were 240 µg/m³ and 424 µg/m³, respectively. The observed levels of OC were 35 µg/m³, 22 µg/m³, and 15.5 µg/m³ at Sakinaka junction (high-density traffic), YP-Gate (low-density traffic), and Hostel Premise (Residential), respectively. The average OC/EC ratio value was high (4.5) at the residential site, indicating contributions from stationary combustion sources and secondary production of carbonaceous species to OC. The residential site has a higher percentage of low volatile OC fraction (57%) in total OC than the traffic sites. On the other hand, Sakinaka has a higher percentage of highly volatile OC fractions (36%) in total OC. The crustal-originated metals were dominating in all areas, but the concentration of metals from anthropogenic sources was highest at Sakinaka, i.e., As (381 ng/m³), Pb (352 ng/m³), Zn (679 ng/m³). The K/Al, Ca/Al, Mg/Al, and Fe/Al ratios were high in all the samples compared to the crustal ratio indicating biomass burning and traffic emission sources of these metals. PM originating from traffic was more enriched with heavy metals that are toxic to human health, increasing cancer risks (CR) through inhalation. The hazard quotient was above 1 at all the locations, and CR was above 1 × 10^− 4, causing health risks. According to the dosimetry model, more PM was deposited in the lungs of traffic location occupants through inhalation, increasing the cancerous risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":"80 3","pages":"211 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4126242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant abundances of alkaline components in the fine and coarse aerosols over a tropical rain shadow location in peninsular India","authors":"P. S. Soyam,&nbsp;P. D. Safai,&nbsp;S. Mukherjee,&nbsp;S. Kondle,&nbsp;S. Bankar,&nbsp;K. Todekar,&nbsp;N. Malap,&nbsp;D. Surendran,&nbsp;A. Gaikwad,&nbsp;S. Lohogaonkar,&nbsp;T. Prabhakaran","doi":"10.1007/s10874-023-09447-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10874-023-09447-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper reports the chemistry of fine (PM_2.5) and coarse (PM₁₀) aerosols sampled over a period of three years during 2018–2021 at a semi -arid tropical location in the rain shadow region of the peninsular India. The data is classified in to dry (December to May) and wet (June to November) periods. Scavenging effect due to rains have culminated in to less concentrations of both fine and coarse aerosols and their ionic components in the wet period. Significantly high concentrations of the crustal components such as Ca, Na, K and Mg from the local dust resulted in the alkaline pH in both dry and wet periods with Ca and Mg emerging as major neutralizing components. Overall, &lt; 20% samples of both fine and coarse aerosols depicted acidic pH. Concentration of SO₄ was comparatively more than NO₃ indicating towards more presence of stationary sources (industrial/domestic emissions) than mobile (vehicular emissions) sources. Combustion generated and highly absorbing black carbon aerosols showed high concentration during the dry period. Local activities comprising residential, agricultural, vehicular and industrial emissions were the major sources of aerosols at Solapur however, the contribution from the distant sources were also found to contribute as inferred from the cluster analysis and concentration weighted trajectories (CWT). The observed abundances of the alkaline dust aerosols that could act as cloud condensation nuclei or ice nuclei will have important implications on the studies related to cloud aerosol precipitation interaction over this region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":"80 3","pages":"191 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5054718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fate of 1,3-dioxolane in the troposphere: kinetics, mechanism with theoretical support, and atmospheric implications","authors":"Anmol Virmani,&nbsp;Mohini P. Walavalkar,&nbsp;Asmita Sharma,&nbsp;Ankur Saha,&nbsp;Sumana Sengupta,&nbsp;Awadhesh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s10874-023-09446-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10874-023-09446-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The atmospheric fate of 1,3-dioxolane is assessed by measuring the OH and Cl initiated gas-phase oxidation kinetics, and exploring their mechanistic pathways. Absolute OH reaction rate coefficient of 1,3-dioxolane using laser photolysis-laser induced fluorescence technique is found to be (1.27 ± 0.03) × 10^–11 cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹ at 298 ± 2 K and it is in good agreement with the measured relative value of (1.13 ± 0.12) × 10^–11 cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹, using gas-chromatography. Relative value of Cl reaction rate coefficient with 1,3-dioxolane is found to be (1.64 ± 0.60) × 10^–10 cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹. The tropospheric lifetime of 1,3-dioxolane is calculated to be about 22 h under ambient conditions. Interestingly, it reduces to about 8 h near marine boundary layer, where Cl reaction takes over the OH reaction. Such a short lifetime with respect to reaction with OH and Cl suggests the atmospheric impact of 1,3-dioxolane to be local. Formic acid, ethylene carbonate, and 1,2-ethanediol monoformate are observed as stable products in OH as well as Cl oxidation. 1,3-dioxolane may contribute as one of the sources of formic acid in the atmosphere. Theoretical calculations for the OH-initiated hydrogen abstraction of 1,3-dioxolane revealed that the reaction follows an indirect path through the formation of pre- and post-reaction complexes at entrance and exit channels, respectively with the lowest barrier height of 3.5 kcal/mol. Photochemical ozone creation potential of 1,3-dioxolane is calculated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":"80 3","pages":"173 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10874-023-09446-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4482381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in mixing states of organic aerosol composition and formation of secondary organic aerosol at background region","authors":"A. P. Lingaswamy,&nbsp;T. Nishanth,&nbsp;T. V. Lakshimi Kumar,&nbsp;M. K. Satheesh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s10874-022-09445-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10874-022-09445-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Investigation on organic particles was limited in the background regions of Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and little information has been obtained on organic particles of Lin’an (LA). In the present study, the morphology, composition, mixing state, and size of organic aerosols with diameter less than 1 µm were characterized at Lin’an from 20 March 2019 to 20 April 2019. In all samples, irregular types of organic matter (OM) particles were high fraction during morning (72.4%), afternoon (59.1%), and evening (52%), and most of them were internally mixed. In our study, we identified a higher fraction of internally mixed particles in evenings (85%), followed by afternoon (81%), and fewer mixed particles in mornings (68%), indicating particle growth during afternoon and evening. Further, the results show that fraction of organic coating particles was higher in evening (27.4%) and afternoon (12%) indicates strong photochemical processes and formation of secondary organic aerosol on the inorganic particles and new particles formation. Our study reveals that biomass burning in the morning and coal burning from heavy industries, power plants, and vehicles in surrounding urban regions in the afternoon and evenings significantly affected background air quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":"80 3","pages":"157 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5531459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote sensing of aerosols due to biomass burning over Kanpur, Sao-Paulo, Ilorin and Canberra","authors":"Salman Tariq,&nbsp;Zia ul-Haq,&nbsp;Hasan Nawaz,&nbsp;Usman Mehmood,&nbsp;Zaeem Bin Babar","doi":"10.1007/s10874-022-09444-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10874-022-09444-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aerosol affect the climate in number of ways. In order to investigate these effects, we need a deep insight into aerosols optical, physical and radiative properties. So, to understand aerosols climatology, we investigate the properties of aerosols such as aerosol optical depth (AOD) (500 nm), Angstrom exponent (AE) (440–870 nm), single scattering albedo (SSA), refractive index (RI) and aerosols radiative forcing (ARF). For this purpose, we select four different AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) sites located in four different continents; Kanpur, (India) Asia, Sao-Paulo, (Brazil) Southern America, IIorin, (Nigeria) Africa and Canberra, Australia. High AOD and AE is found (AOD = 0.90, AE = 1.31) in November at Kanpur and in September (AOD = 0.39, AE = 1.48) at Sao-Paulo. High AOD (1.06 and 1.12) over IIorin in January and February is found because of fog and haze. SSA shows decreasing trend with increasing wavelengths having minimum value (0.88 and 0.78 at 1020 nm) during the months of DJF and SON over Sao-Paulo and Canberra respectively. The highest value of SSA (~ 0.96) is found during the months of MAM over IIorin because of presence of coarse aerosols. The low value of SSA over Kanpur during DJF months shows dominance of fine urban/ biomass burning aerosols. Based on the values of AOD, AE and SSA, Canberra is the most pristine site. The estimated ARF values indicate that Kanpur and Ilorin sites exhibit higher TOA and BOA values as compared to Sao-Paulo. ARF at ATM is observed to be 7.4 Wm⁻² higher during JJA months and 10.1 Wm⁻² during SON months than MAM months over Kanpur. We have also observed lowest ARF efficiency (F^eff_BOA) of − 181 Wm⁻² AOD⁻¹_550 nm during MAM months for Sao-Paulo while the highest value of − 297 Wm⁻² AOD⁻¹_550 nm is observed during DJF months for Kanpur.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":"80 1","pages":"1 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4558325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}