{"title":"2013-2020 年中国西北地区省会城市地面空气质量特征","authors":"Dipesh Rupakheti, Sushma Dhital, Maheswar Rupakheti, Xiufeng Yin, Ping Li, Sishir Dahal, Benzhong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10874-024-09462-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we have reported spatial and temporal variation in particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) over five provincial capital cities in northwestern China during 2013–2020. Regarding the seasonal variation, all pollutants (except ozone) exhibited the lowest concentration during summer and the highest concentration during winter, which could be attributed to increased anthropogenic activities (like coal burning) and conducive meteorological features. The highest monthly mean concentrations were primarily observed during December-February, whereas ozone exhibited the highest concentration during April-August, with different cities experiencing the highest concentration during different seasons. Regarding the diurnal variation exhibited by the pollutants, the lowest concentration of pollutants (except O<sub>3</sub>) was observed during the late afternoon (17:00–18:00) period. Ozone posed the urban site diurnal variation characteristic (peak during afternoon hour) over all sites. Urumqi had the highest PM<sub>2.5</sub>/PM<sub>10</sub> ratio during November-March and the lowest ratio during April-October. Compared to the WHO revised guideline, the annual mean PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration was about 8–12 times higher, whereas the annual PM<sub>10</sub> concentration was exceeded by a factor of up to 7. Most pollutants exhibited reduced concentration during the spring festival period. Analysis using HYSPLIT back trajectories indicated that the air masses affecting the five sites primarily originated from the northwestern area of China, although the impact of long-range pollution transport from remote regions should not be overlooked.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Characteristics of surface air quality over provincial capital cities in Northwestern China during 2013–2020\",\"authors\":\"Dipesh Rupakheti, Sushma Dhital, Maheswar Rupakheti, Xiufeng Yin, Ping Li, Sishir Dahal, Benzhong Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10874-024-09462-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>In this study, we have reported spatial and temporal variation in particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) over five provincial capital cities in northwestern China during 2013–2020. Regarding the seasonal variation, all pollutants (except ozone) exhibited the lowest concentration during summer and the highest concentration during winter, which could be attributed to increased anthropogenic activities (like coal burning) and conducive meteorological features. The highest monthly mean concentrations were primarily observed during December-February, whereas ozone exhibited the highest concentration during April-August, with different cities experiencing the highest concentration during different seasons. Regarding the diurnal variation exhibited by the pollutants, the lowest concentration of pollutants (except O<sub>3</sub>) was observed during the late afternoon (17:00–18:00) period. Ozone posed the urban site diurnal variation characteristic (peak during afternoon hour) over all sites. Urumqi had the highest PM<sub>2.5</sub>/PM<sub>10</sub> ratio during November-March and the lowest ratio during April-October. Compared to the WHO revised guideline, the annual mean PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration was about 8–12 times higher, whereas the annual PM<sub>10</sub> concentration was exceeded by a factor of up to 7. Most pollutants exhibited reduced concentration during the spring festival period. Analysis using HYSPLIT back trajectories indicated that the air masses affecting the five sites primarily originated from the northwestern area of China, although the impact of long-range pollution transport from remote regions should not be overlooked.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":611,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10874-024-09462-1\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10874-024-09462-1","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Characteristics of surface air quality over provincial capital cities in Northwestern China during 2013–2020
In this study, we have reported spatial and temporal variation in particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O3) over five provincial capital cities in northwestern China during 2013–2020. Regarding the seasonal variation, all pollutants (except ozone) exhibited the lowest concentration during summer and the highest concentration during winter, which could be attributed to increased anthropogenic activities (like coal burning) and conducive meteorological features. The highest monthly mean concentrations were primarily observed during December-February, whereas ozone exhibited the highest concentration during April-August, with different cities experiencing the highest concentration during different seasons. Regarding the diurnal variation exhibited by the pollutants, the lowest concentration of pollutants (except O3) was observed during the late afternoon (17:00–18:00) period. Ozone posed the urban site diurnal variation characteristic (peak during afternoon hour) over all sites. Urumqi had the highest PM2.5/PM10 ratio during November-March and the lowest ratio during April-October. Compared to the WHO revised guideline, the annual mean PM2.5 concentration was about 8–12 times higher, whereas the annual PM10 concentration was exceeded by a factor of up to 7. Most pollutants exhibited reduced concentration during the spring festival period. Analysis using HYSPLIT back trajectories indicated that the air masses affecting the five sites primarily originated from the northwestern area of China, although the impact of long-range pollution transport from remote regions should not be overlooked.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry is devoted to the study of the chemistry of the Earth''s atmosphere, the emphasis being laid on the region below about 100 km. The strongly interdisciplinary nature of atmospheric chemistry means that it embraces a great variety of sciences, but the journal concentrates on the following topics:
Observational, interpretative and modelling studies of the composition of air and precipitation and the physiochemical processes in the Earth''s atmosphere, excluding air pollution problems of local importance only.
The role of the atmosphere in biogeochemical cycles; the chemical interaction of the oceans, land surface and biosphere with the atmosphere.
Laboratory studies of the mechanics in homogeneous and heterogeneous transformation processes in the atmosphere.
Descriptions of major advances in instrumentation developed for the measurement of atmospheric composition and chemical properties.