JOM最新文献

{"title":"Explorations of Energy Generation in a Two-Magnets Coil System Under a Large Spacer","authors":"Erol Kurt,&nbsp;Zehra Tuğçe Kurt,&nbsp;Elif Gökçen Kurt","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07136-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07136-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An optimized form of a two-magnets coil system (TMCS) has been explored and analyzed experimentally. This device has larger spacer of 3 cm compared to our previous devices, thereby a lower recalling magnetic force occurs inside the center of the windings and the magnets can move more freely along the axis. This process enhances the displacements of the magnets and generates more powerful outputs. In addition, the mechanical excitations at low frequencies become more obvious compared to our previous system. The power density of 20.487 μW/cm³ has been achieved for the new designed electromagnetic harvester. The maximum peak-to-peak voltage has been measured as 60 mV under the electrical load 4 Ω. It is believed that this optimized device can be more successful for engineering applications with an enhanced power.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 5","pages":"2952 - 2966"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11837-025-07136-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Announcing the 2025 TMS Society Award Recipients","authors":"Kaitlin Calva","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07231-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07231-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 3","pages":"978 - 984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on Microstructural Defect Control at Ti/Al Explosive Welding Clad Plates Interface","authors":"Jian Wang,&nbsp;Xiao-jie Li,&nbsp;Hong-hao Yan,&nbsp;Xiao-hong Wang,&nbsp;Jin-xiang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07129-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07129-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Titanium–aluminum explosive welding clad plates are extensively utilized in the aerospace and petrochemical industries. However, the presence of cracks and holes at the interface of these clad plates can adversely affect their strength and sealing performance. To mitigate the occurrence of such defects, explosive welding experiments were conducted on titanium and aluminum plates by varying the welding parameters. The experimental results reveal that the explosive welding interface of Ti/Al exhibits a regular corrugated shape, which tends to flatten due to aluminum’s low melting point and strength. Notably, when the welding parameters do not exceed collision velocity <span>(V_{p} le 839;{text{m/s}})</span> collision angle <span>(beta le 17.24^circ )</span>, there are no discernible vortex holes at the interface, and the melting zone remains small. The melting zone at the interfaces of different welding parameters contains various intermetallic compounds. Although the shear strength of the titanium–aluminum welding interface surpasses that of aluminum, it is unstable due to the influence of titanium content and the presence of crack holes. Simulations of the welding process using AUTODYN indicate that the derived trend of ripple morphology changes in the simulation interface offers valuable reference for the experiment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 4","pages":"1816 - 1824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dependence of the Optical Parameters of Spray-Deposited CdS:In Thin Films on Film Thickness","authors":"Shadia J. Ikhmayies","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07188-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07188-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Indium-doped cadmium sulfide (CdS:In) thin films are important, especially for applications in solar cells. Optimization of optical properties is very important for high device performance, and film thickness is a significant factor affecting the optical parameters. In this work, thin films of CdS:In were deposited by spray pyrolysis (SP) technique on glass substrates at substrate temperature <i>T</i>_<i>s</i> = 490°C. The films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The films presented a polycrystalline structure and mixed (cubic and hexagonal) phase. The transmittance of the films was measured at room temperature and used to deduce the optical parameters: absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, refractive index, the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant, and the energy loss. A redshift of the absorption edge, which increases with film thickness, was observed. It was found that the extinction coefficient and energy loss decrease with film thickness, while the refractive index increases with film thickness, and this increase becomes faster with decreasing wavelength of incident light. The real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant showed fluctuations with film thickness, depending on interference maxima and minima in the transmittance spectra.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 5","pages":"2999 - 3007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Biodegradable Mg-Zn Alloys by Grain Refinement Through Extrusion","authors":"GuangZhe Li,&nbsp;Hee-Young Kwon,&nbsp;Byeong-Chan Suh,&nbsp;Hyung-Seop Han,&nbsp;HoJeong Jeon,&nbsp;Pil-Ryung Cha,&nbsp;Dong-Ik Kim,&nbsp;Hyun-Kwang Seok,&nbsp;Yu-Chan Kim","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07177-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07177-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we have developed a biodegradable Mg-Zn alloy with good strength and elongation. Various Mg alloys have been developed over the years because of their excellent properties and biodegradability. However, their limited elongation and rapid corrosion limit their widespread use. In this study, a Mg-3 wt.% Zn alloy was developed, and its mechanical and corrosion properties were evaluated. The cast and solution-heat-treated Mg-3 wt.% Zn alloys were extruded from 180 to 350°C. The ultimate tensile strength and yield stress exhibited maximum increase at 180°C, while strain exhibited maximum increase at 200°C. The minimum corrosion rate was also observed at 200°C. However, the alloy extruded at 180°C showed rapid corrosion during in vitro evaluation because of a second phase that precipitated during extrusion. The enhanced performance of the Mg–3 wt.% Zn alloys was attributed to grain refinement, which increased the mechanical properties by grain boundary strengthening and twinning and the corrosion resistance due to the rapid passivation kinetics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 6","pages":"4384 - 4392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AlO2− Effects on Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coating of AZ61 Mg Alloy in KF-KOH Electrolyte","authors":"Mengjiao Jin,&nbsp;Peng Zhang,&nbsp;Weiyi Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Sun,&nbsp;Yunhui Du","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07152-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07152-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>By adding NaAlO₂ to the KF-KOH basic electrolyte, coatings were formed on AZ61 Mg alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation <b>(</b>PEO) process, and AlO₂⁻ effects on phase composition, porosity, corrosion and wear resistance of the coating were investigated. This showed that the new phase MgAl₂O₄ was mainly introduced into the PEO coatings because of the addition of AlO₂⁻, leading to the reduction of porosity, improvement of surface morphology and enhancement of corrosion and wear resistance in this study. When the NaAlO₂ concentration was 15 g/L, the sample possessed the best microstructure and performance, with the smallest porosity of 3.23%, the most positive corrosion potential of − 0.93 V/SCE, the lowest corrosion current of 4.88 × 10⁻⁸ A cm⁻², the minimum friction coefficient of 0.55 and the lowest wear rate of 0.88 mm³/N m. The results demonstrate that introducing AlO₂⁻ in the PEO process is indeed a feasible and effective way to promote the quality of Mg alloy coating.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 6","pages":"4246 - 4259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TMS Meeting Headlines","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07234-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07234-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 3","pages":"992 - 992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Microstructure Evolution and Heat Treatment Process of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Cast Alloys Under Two-Step Solution Treatment","authors":"Hao Song,&nbsp;Yaqiang Tian,&nbsp;Keli Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoping Zheng,&nbsp;Yingli Wei,&nbsp;Zhenyu Liu,&nbsp;Runze Zhang,&nbsp;Junsheng Wang,&nbsp;Liansheng Chen,&nbsp;Mingshan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07156-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07156-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The heat treatment process plays a decisive role in the microstructure and mechanical properties of alloys. However, it is difficult to optimize the heat treatment process of Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast alloys because of the different solubilities of Al₂Cu and Q-Al₅Cu₂Mg₈Si₆. In this study, the parameters of the heat treatment process were optimized by using thermal simulation and experimental, and the microstructure evolution during the solid solution process was studied. The results show that the dissolution temperatures of low melting point eutectic phase Al₂Cu and Q-Al₅Cu₂Mg₈Si₆ are 502°C and 539°C by using DSC. Spherical Al₂Cu phase is easily dissolved, and irregular Al₂Cu phase and Q-Al₅Cu₂Mg₈Si₆ phase are not easily dissolved under the one-step solution treatment. However, the two-step solution treatment makes the Q-Al₅Cu₂Mg₈Si₆ phase dissolve, which improves the solid solution degree of the alloy. The spheroidization degree of eutectic Si is the highest under the optimum one- and two-step solution process. The microhardness was the highest (76.4 ± 1.2 HV, 95.6 ± 2.0 HV). The optimal heat treatment processes are 500°C + 9 h + 170°C + 3 h and 500°C + 9 h + 535°C + 7 h + 170°C + 3 h, and the peak aging hardness is 132.9 ± 1.9 HV and 139.9 ± 2.1 HV, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 3","pages":"1252 - 1266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of Ni and Co from Nickel-Based Superalloy Scraps Leaching Solution for the Synthesis of NiCo2O4","authors":"Ning Yin,&nbsp;Yonghui Song,&nbsp;Xingyu Zhang,&nbsp;Ping Dong,&nbsp;Xinwei Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07187-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07187-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We aimed to recover Ni and Co from the leaching sulfate solution of nickel-based superalloy scraps (NSL) and to synthesize NiCo₂O₄ through oxalate co-precipitation-calcination technique. The structural and compositional analyses of the resultant products were characterized utilizing x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the effects of nickel-cobalt molar ratio and calcination temperature on the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance were investigated. The results indicated that under optimal conditions of 0.7 M C₂O₄²⁻ addition, 25°C, and 4 h reaction time, the precipitation efficiencies for Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ were 99.19% and 95.79%, respectively. The precipitate derived from adjusting the Ni/Co molar ratio in NSL manifested as a solid solution of nickel-cobalt oxalate (Ni_xCo_3-x(C₂O₄)₃). As the molar ratio decreased, the precipitates gradually transformed from a nickel oxalate structure with Ni sites replaced by Co to a cobalt oxalate structure with Ni replacing Co sites. The pure phase structure NiCo₂O₄, synthesized with a Ni/Co molar ratio of 1/2 and calcined at 450°C for 2 h, exhibited an overpotential of 430 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm⁻² in 0.1 M KOH, a Tafel slope of 93.69 mV·dec⁻¹, and a C_dl of 242.75 mF·cm⁻². Upon exceeding 450°C during calcination, the gradual expulsion of heteroatoms from the matrix resulted in structural destruction. Consequently, the electrocatalytic activity of the sample decreased because of the gradual removal of surface oxygen vacancy concentration and Co³⁺/Co³⁺ + Co²⁺. The methodology employed in this study not only efficiently recovers Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ from the NSL but also prepares electrocatalysts with superior performance for the oxygen evolution reaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 4","pages":"2178 - 2188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Microstructure, Mechanical, and Tribological Behaviors of AA7075 Reinforced with B4C Composites Developed Through Floating Die","authors":"Ameen Al Njjar,&nbsp;Kamar Mazloum,&nbsp;Amit Sata","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07155-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07155-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aluminum-based matrix composites manufactured through powder metallurgy are seeing growing demand in the aerospace and defense sectors. AA7075 with different weight percentages of B₄C (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) were fabricated using a floating die and tested to detect their density, porosity, and mechanical and tribological characteristics. Additionally, the impact of four factors, including B₄C weight percentage (5%, 10%, and 15%), sliding speed (1 m/s, 1.5 m/s, and 2 m/s), load (10 N, 15 N, and 20 N), and sliding distance (500 m, 1000 m, and 1500 m), on the wear characteristics of AA7075/B₄C composites were studied. The design of experiments was conducted using an L9 orthogonal array. The analysis was conducted using response surface methodology, ANOVA, and Taguchi to detect the ideal parameters for reducing the wear. The study unveiled homogeneous distribution and robust matrix-reinforcement interfacial bonding between B₄C and AA7075. Furthermore, the failure models of the composites were uniform across all the specimens. Notably, compared to earlier studies, the composite reinforced with 5% of B₄C exhibited a substantial 18.94% (410 MPa) increase in compressive strength,12.85% reduction in weight (2.49 g/ml), and 88.9% reduction in wear loss (4.01 µm). Additionally, it revealed that sliding distance (68.67%) had the greatest influence on wear loss, ranked next were sliding speed (22.1%), B₄C% (5.75%), and load (3.48). In contrast, the coefficient of friction (COF) was affected by B₄C% (54.95%), and ranked next were sliding distance (22.89%), load (16.75%), and sliding speed (5.41%). The achieved improvements in strength, wear resistance, and weight reduction make the AA7075/5% B₄C composite highly desirable for aerospace, defense, and automotive applications. Additionally, the mathematical models for wear and COF that have been developed in this work reduce time, enhance optimization efficiency, and eliminate the need for costly trials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 4","pages":"2087 - 2103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}