{"title":"Naringin-Infused Cellulose-Based Biomaterials in Bone Regeneration Application: An In Vitro Study","authors":"Darshan Ganth, Saranya Srinivasan, Ashwathi Vijayalekha, Suresh Kumar Anandasadagopan, Ashok Kumar Pandurangan","doi":"10.1007/s11837-026-08551-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-026-08551-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fabrication of bioactive composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering requires biocompatible, biodegradable, and osteoinductive materials. In this study, a composite scaffold was developed using cellulose, chitosan, hydroxyapatite enhanced with naringin to support bone regeneration. Cellulose, derived from sugarcane bagasse, provides a renewable and mechanically stable framework. Chitosan enhances bioactivity, has antimicrobial properties and supports cell adhesion. Hydroxyapatite, due to its similarity to the bone mineral phase, imparted osteoconductivity, whereas naringin, a plant-derived flavonoid, has osteogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. Physicochemical and biological characterizations were also performed. FTIR confirmed the functional groups of the polymer and ceramic. The XRD analysis confirmed the presence of crystalline hydroxyapatite. SEM images revealed a porous, interconnected architecture suitable for cell infiltration and nutrient diffusion. Porosity, swelling, and in vitro degradation studies confirmed favorable properties for tissue integration. The presence of free amine groups, which are essential for protein adsorption and cellular attachment, was detected using a ninhydrin assay. MTT assay results demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility, supporting cell viability and metabolic activity. These findings suggest that the naringin-enhanced cellulose/chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold has strong potential for application in bone tissue engineering, warranting further investigation through in vitro and in vivo studies to assess its clinical and mechanical performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 9","pages":"8628 - 8642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ion-Exchange Recovery of Copper from Gold–Copper Cyanide Solutions","authors":"Bauyrzhan Surimbayev, Yernazar Kanaly, Lyudmila Bolotova, Mukhitdin Akzharkenov, Brajendra Mishra, Yerlan Yessengarayev","doi":"10.1007/s11837-026-08585-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-026-08585-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article presents an experimental study on the removal of copper from circulating cyanide solutions generated during the leaching of gold–copper ores. An industrial cyanide liquor containing 1039 mg/L Cu was used as the feed solution. Dynamic mode column tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of flow rate (2, 4, and 6 bed volumes per hour) on the sorption kinetics and capacity of AV-17-8 resin. At a flow rate of 4 bed volumes per hour, the resin exhibits rapid process kinetics (complete saturation in approximately 11.6 h) and high sorption capacity (~ 91.6 mg Cu/g), while maintaining an acceptable column operating time. Copper desorption was studied using NaCl-based eluents (18%) with varying NaOH concentrations (0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%), as well as without NaOH. The results show that effective desorption occurs over a wide range of eluent compositions. Multicycle tests (three sorption–desorption cycles) demonstrate process stability: the resin consistently restores its sorption capacity after chloride–alkaline regeneration, the residual copper content after desorption remains constant (~ 25 mg/g), and the overall degree of desorption per cycle is approximately 70%. The results obtained confirm the technological and practical feasibility of implementing an ion-exchange flowsheet to enhance gold recovery efficiency and to produce concentrated copper-bearing eluates suitable for subsequent processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 10","pages":"9337 - 9352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149027702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2026-07-20DOI: 10.1007/s11837-026-08577-y
Xinliang Fang, Haoqin Yang, Yong Zang, Zhongde Shan, Dandan Yan
{"title":"Research on Rapid Three-Dimensional Inspection Technology for CNC Machining of Frozen Sand Molds","authors":"Xinliang Fang, Haoqin Yang, Yong Zang, Zhongde Shan, Dandan Yan","doi":"10.1007/s11837-026-08577-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-026-08577-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dimensional accuracy of CNC machining of frozen sand molds directly affects the accuracy of the resulting castings. This paper proposes a point cloud-based rapid 3D detection method to meet the measurement requirements for frozen sand molds during CNC machining. Using a general feature classification strategy, the 3D geometric features of sand molds are categorized as rectangular, circular, and planar, corresponding to dimensional information in the <i>XY</i> plane and the depth direction. Specific dimension-fitting strategies are developed for each feature type, enabling fast and accurate measurement of regular geometric structures in frozen sand molds. Experiments with dimensional standard parts show that the proposed method’s maximum measurement error is 0.34%. The method was further applied to analyze dimensional deviations in frozen sand molds made from silica, chromite, and zircon sands. The average percentage deviations were 0.40%, 0.75%, and 0.62%, respectively. Compared with the global measurement method, the maximum deviation is 0.36 mm, and the average deviation is 0.12 mm. These results demonstrate that the proposed method satisfies the dimensional inspection requirements for frozen sand molds in CNC machining.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 9","pages":"8675 - 8693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2026-07-20DOI: 10.1007/s11837-026-08371-w
Linlin He, Yunfei Li, Yong Tang, Meitang Liu
{"title":"Comprehensive Utilization of Lithium Extraction Waste Slag from Spodumene: A Two-Step Hydrothermal Method to Convert Lithium Slag into Ammonioleucite","authors":"Linlin He, Yunfei Li, Yong Tang, Meitang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11837-026-08371-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-026-08371-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Facing the rapid development of the utilization of lithium resources, the accumulation of lithium slag produced by the spodumene sulfuric acid roasting method is increasing apace. For the sustainable development of the environment, it is of great significance to explore new technologies for bulk utilization of lithium slag. This paper uses a simple two-step hydrothermal method to convert lithium slag into ammonioleucite. The study found that, when the lithium slag is hydrothermally reacted with 2 mol/L Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> solution at 220℃ for 4 h, an analcime with good crystallinity can be obtained. The analcime was hydrothermally reacted with 5 mol/L NH<sub>4</sub>Cl solution at 130℃ for 24 h to obtain ammonioleucite, and its conversion rate can reach an astonishing 99.1%. The hollow skeleton with which NH4<sup>+</sup> can move makes the ammonioleucite have a good ion exchange specialty, which creates a foundation for it to become a high-quality slow-release fertilizer. This work is based on the large-scale and high-value-added utilization of lithium slag and provides an effective way to solve the environmental pollution problem caused by lithium slag accumulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 10","pages":"9194 - 9204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149027700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2026-07-17DOI: 10.1007/s11837-026-08353-y
Xingyu Zheng, Junkui Shi, Qiang Wang, Tu Hu, Baocheng Zhou, Guo Lin, Dehao Dou, Huan Tian, Jianwei Song
{"title":"Toward High-Quality Scrap-Derived Ductile Iron: A Review on Refining Slag Design for Sulfur and Phosphorus Control","authors":"Xingyu Zheng, Junkui Shi, Qiang Wang, Tu Hu, Baocheng Zhou, Guo Lin, Dehao Dou, Huan Tian, Jianwei Song","doi":"10.1007/s11837-026-08353-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-026-08353-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Producing high-quality ductile iron from steel scrap is crucial for green manufacturing and resource recycling, with the refining of molten iron being a key step. This review systematically examines advances in the design of refining slags for the removal of sulfur and phosphorus from scrap-based ductile iron melts. We focus on the coupled effects of slag composition on sulfide/phosphate capacities, partition ratios, and viscosity. Thermodynamic prediction models based on frameworks such as IMCT, KTH, and optical basicity are critically assessed. Emerging approaches—including BaO/B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> substitution, intelligent control, and external field enhancement—are also highlighted. While significant progress has been made at the laboratory scale, challenges remain in cost reduction, model generalizability, and equipment integration for industrial application. Future efforts should prioritize developing cost-effective fluoride-free slag systems, building intelligent prediction platforms, and advancing field-enhanced purification technologies to support high-value scrap utilization and high-quality ductile iron production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 10","pages":"9139 - 9159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149027664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Ti on Continuous Cooling Transformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of V-Microalloyed Steel","authors":"Fang Wang, Shimeng Guo, Yunan Chang, Meifeng Fan, Shiting Zhu, Huiqin Chen, Hua Hou","doi":"10.1007/s11837-026-08571-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-026-08571-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate the effect of Ti on the continuous cooling transformation behavior and mechanical properties of V-microalloyed Cr-Ni-Mo low-alloy cast steel, two V-microalloyed steels with and without 0.07 wt.% Ti were comparatively studied. Microstructural evolution at different cooling rates was characterized by dilatometry combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) were adopted to acquire data for dislocation density calculation. The mechanism by which Ti influences the mechanical properties of tempered sorbite was also discussed. The results show that the addition of Ti suppresses the diffusional decomposition of austenite and narrows the high-temperature transformation region of undercooled austenite. The critical cooling rate for the formation of proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite is reduced from 0.5–1°C/s to < 0.5°C /s. Meanwhile, the martensitic transformation region expands, and the minimum cooling rate required to obtain a fully martensitic microstructure decreases. Consequently, a fully martensitic structure can be achieved in the tested steel at a cooling rate of 0.5°C /s. After austenitizing at 950°C followed by tempering at 600°C, Ti interacts synergistically with V to tailor the size and the number of (V,Ti)C precipitates. The volume fraction of precipitates increases from 2.73% to 6.53%. The combined effects of grain refinement strengthening and precipitation strengthening raise the yield strength of the Ti-bearing steel from 849.7 to 1164.89 MPa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 9","pages":"8666 - 8674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2026-07-17DOI: 10.1007/s11837-026-08569-y
Halit Lutfi Yücel, Osman Özdemir, Gökhan Kahraman
{"title":"Production and Thermal–Structural Characterization of Nano-Oxide-Doped Paraffin-Based Phase Change Composite Materials for Thermal Storage Applications","authors":"Halit Lutfi Yücel, Osman Özdemir, Gökhan Kahraman","doi":"10.1007/s11837-026-08569-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-026-08569-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Paraffin-based composite phase change materials (PCMs) have been synthesized for thermal energy storage applications to enhance thermal conductivity and stability while maintaining latent heat storage capacity. In this study, RT42 paraffin was modified with inorganic nano-oxides (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CuO, SiO<sub>2</sub>, and ZnO) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a surfactant. The incorporation of SDS improved nanoparticle dispersion and reduced agglomeration, resulting in enhanced phase-change behavior and improved structural homogeneity. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed slight variations in melting and crystallization temperatures, while the ZnO-doped composite retained up to 92% of the latent heat storage capacity of pure RT42. Among all the investigated composites, the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-doped sample exhibited the highest thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated an increase of approximately 15–20°C in the decomposition temperature, demonstrating enhanced thermal stability. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses confirmed the preservation of the crystalline structure and improved microstructural uniformity. The developed SDS-assisted nano-oxide/RT42 composites exhibit significant potential for passive thermal regulation in renewable energy and building applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 9","pages":"8652 - 8665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2026-07-15DOI: 10.1007/s11837-026-08561-6
Ahmed S. Aadli, Nora M. A. Elebiary, Manal S. Ebaid
{"title":"Remediation of Aluminum Cast-House Wastewater Using Waste-Derived Mesoporous Alumina: Influence of Calcination Temperature","authors":"Ahmed S. Aadli, Nora M. A. Elebiary, Manal S. Ebaid","doi":"10.1007/s11837-026-08561-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-026-08561-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aluminum cast-house cooling wastewater represents a challenging industrial effluent containing suspended solids, dissolved aluminum species, hardness ions, and trace metals. In this study, high-purity gibbsite recovered from spent die cleaning (SPD) solution waste was valorized into mesoporous catalytic alumina for wastewater remediation, demonstrating an integrated waste-to-resource approach. The precursor was calcined at 500°C and 1000°C to produce transition alumina (CA500) and corundum alumina (CA1000), respectively. Structural and textural analyses revealed calcination temperature-controlled phase evolution, surface area, and pore architecture. CA500 exhibited <i>η</i>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with a high surface area of 201 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>, while CA1000 formed <i>α</i>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with significantly reduced surface reactivity. Batch treatment experiments showed superior removal of suspended matter and dissolved contaminants using CA500, attributed to abundant defect sites and mesoporosity. Post-treatment characterization confirmed contaminant immobilization and phase transformation into stable alumina residues with high recovery efficiency of 96%, demonstrating minimal alumina loss and strong process effectiveness during wastewater treatment and calcination. The results highlight a sustainable strategy linking industrial waste recycling with efficient aluminum wastewater remediation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 9","pages":"8643 - 8651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recovery of Scandium from Nitric Acid Leachate of Scandium-bearing Aluminum Residue by D2EHPA-TBP Synergistic Extraction System","authors":"Yuhui Zhang, Shuai Yuan, Yuhan Cao, Jinlei Yang, Qiyou Chen, Bingjie Jin","doi":"10.1007/s11837-026-08567-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-026-08567-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Scandium is an important strategic metal. This work focuses on its recovery from nitric acid leachate of Sc-bearing aluminum residue, a typical by-product of aluminum production. The leachate contains high levels of impurity metals (Fe, Al, Mg) that hinder direct scandium recovery, necessitating a selective separation method. Here, a synergistic solvent extraction process using D2EHPA and TBP was developed, which involved synergistic extraction with a D2EHPA-TBP system, followed by acid scrubbing and alkaline stripping. The results show that scandium extraction efficiency was 99.95%, while those of Fe, Al, and Mg were 90.1%, 91.3%, and 94.3%, respectively, through three-stage counter-current extraction under the following optimum conditions: 15% D2EHPA + 5% TBP + 80% sulfonated kerosene, at an aqueous-to-organic (A/O) phase ratio of 12, pH 0.1, and oscillation time 10 min. The loaded organic phase was then scrubbed with 315 g/L HNO<sub>3</sub> at an A/O ratio of 4, achieving removal efficiencies of 95.5% for Mg, 91.64% for Al, and 90.16% for Fe, with a scandium loss of less than 1%. A stripping efficiency of scandium was 90.24% using 120 g/L NaOH solution at A/O ratio of 3. The solvent extraction of scandium was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). This work is of significant importance for the extraction of scandium from the nitric acid leachate of laterite nickel ore.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 9","pages":"8417 - 8426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of Loading Rate on Tensile and Bending Absorption Energies of Notch Samples of TRIP Steel with Multiscale Retained Austenite","authors":"Feng Qin, Hongyan Xu, Qian Zhou, Yu Wang, Leijie Zhao, Yanhui Wang, Penghui Ma, Xinyue Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11837-026-08539-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-026-08539-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The tensile and bending absorption energies, microstructural evolution, strain distribution, and crack behavior of U-notched samples of TRIP steel with multiscale retained austenite at different loading rates were investigated. For the tensile sample, it is demonstrated that the transformation amount of retained austenite to martensite before necking increases very slightly with decreasing loading rate. This provides a comparable transformation-induced plasticity effect, and thus leads to a similar absorption energy before necking at different loading rates. After necking, much retained austenite, especially at lower loading rates, has further transformed into martensite/austenite islands or martensite blocks, which provides a sustained high transformation-induced plasticity effect, and thus results in an increase in the absorption energy after necking and the total tensile absorption energy with decreasing loading rate. However, for the bending sample, much retained austenite in the high-strain region at U-notched bottom and crack tip, especially at lower loading rates, has transformed into martensite/austenite islands or martensite blocks, which provides a larger number of nucleation sites for crack initiation and paths for crack propagation, and thus decreases the crack initiation, crack propagation, and total bending absorption energies at lower loading rates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 9","pages":"8568 - 8584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}