JOM最新文献

{"title":"Thermodynamic Simulation and Computational Study of the Carbothermal Reduction of Converter Steel Slag","authors":"Bokang Zhang, Guoping Luo, Shuai Hao, Yifan Chai","doi":"10.1007/s11837-024-06822-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-024-06822-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Micropulverization of steel slag is an important way to achieve its efficient utilization. Its purpose is to reduce the particle size of steel slag and improve its iron recovery rate. However, the high hardness and poor grindability of steel slag make it constrained by process and cost. Carbon thermal reduction can reduce the phosphorus dissolved in dicalcium silicate, reduce the influence of phosphorus on the crystal transformation of dicalcium silicate, and facilitate the self-pulverization of steel slag. At the same time, it can reduce the iron oxide in the slag to metallic iron, achieving the goal of recovering iron. To study the changes in phase types and contents of equilibrium products during the carbothermal reduction of converter slag, based on the variables of reduction temperature, alkalinity, and carbon ratio (coke-to-slag ratio), FactSage 7.1 thermodynamic software was used for calculation and analysis. The study reveals under a certain coke-slag ratio, with the increase of reduction temperature, the residual C content in the equilibrium phase composition shows a decreasing trend, while the Fe<sub>3</sub>C and P<sub>2</sub> gas contents show an increasing trend, indicating that the high temperature is favorable to the reduction of iron oxides and apatite, especially to the gasification of dephosphorization. With reduction temperature increasing, the contents of Fe<sub>3</sub>P/Fe<sub>2</sub>P in the equilibrium phase composition decrease, while the contents of Mn<sub>2</sub>P and P<sub>2</sub>(g) increase. This indicates that the reduction temperature has significant influence on the stability sequence of phosphorus-containing phases, with the stability enhancement order as Fe<sub>3</sub>P → Fe<sub>2</sub>P → Mn<sub>2</sub>P → P<sub>2</sub>(g). High temperature favors the gasification and removal of phosphorus. Under constant coke-to-slag ratio and reduction temperature, the increase in the alkalinity of charge leads to elevation of Fe<sub>3</sub>C content in the equilibrium phase composition, indicating that higher alkalinity promotes the reduction of iron oxides. As the alkalinity of the mixture increases, the silicate liquid phase content in the equilibrium phase composition shows a decreasing trend, and an alkalinity of 1.8 generates the largest amount of liquid phase. The alkalinity of the mixture in the range of 1.8 to 2.2 is conducive to the generation of <i>α</i>-C<sub>2</sub>S and self-pulverization of the product, with the content of <i>α</i>-C<sub>2</sub>S being the largest when the alkalinity is 2.0. Changes in the coke-to-slag ratio have minimal impact on the phase types and contents of equilibrium products during the carbothermal reduction of converter slag. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that the temperature range favorable for steel slag micronization is 1450–1500°C, the alkalinity range is 1.8–2.2, and the coke-slag ratio range is 10:90–15:85. This range of conditions facilitates the generation of <i>α</","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"76 11","pages":"6568 - 6576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Piston Press Test to Simulate the Energy Consumption of HPGR Comminution","authors":"Zihao Liu,&nbsp;Junjie Wu,&nbsp;Shaowen Cui,&nbsp;Xiaofei Guo,&nbsp;Shujuan Dai","doi":"10.1007/s11837-024-06815-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-024-06815-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The operating parameters of high-pressure grinding roller (HPGR) is commonly obtained from a crushing test using small or semi-industrial HPGR. However, a large ore sample size is required, and the test is complex, hence the uptake of HPGR technology has been slow. A static pressure work index based on Bond’s third theory of comminution is proposed to determine the specific energy consumption of particle bed comminution of ore using an HPGR. A piston ballast test (PBT) has been conducted, and an equation established to predict the work index for three ore types, which can be subsequently used to estimate the HPGR circuit-specific energy consumption. The model has an error of 5.59%. This paper provides an experimental approach for determining the energy consumption and performance of an HPGR suitable for research and application.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"76 11","pages":"6709 - 6717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Enhanced Desalinization of Hematite Reverse Flotation by a New Low-temperature Resistant Collector","authors":"Shuang Yi,&nbsp;Yechao Zheng,&nbsp;Tonglin Zhao,&nbsp;Fangyuan Ma","doi":"10.1007/s11837-024-06824-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-024-06824-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study has developed an efficient low-temperature resistant quartz collector, named KDB. The effect of KDB and the conventional collector sodium oleate (NaOL) on the reverse flotation behavior of hematite was investigated by flotation tests on pure minerals and binary mixed ores. On this basis, adsorption thermodynamics, surface tension determination, surface contact angle determination, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were used to investigate the interaction mechanism of the two collectors at different temperatures. The results showed that both can enhance hematite reverse flotation at room temperature, and that the collection performance of KDB is stronger than that of NaOL. At low temperatures, the collection performance of KDB still obtained better flotation indices compared with NaOL. The binary mixed ore flotation test showed that, at 15°C, the grade and recovery with KDB as the collector was improved by 10.77% and 14.32% compared with those of NaOL, respectively. The contact angle of the quartz surface under the KDB system at 15°C is 55.56° higher than that of NaOL. The FTIR analysis showed that KDB can significantly enhance the hydrophobicity of quartz, and that the adsorption strength on the quartz surface at low temperatures is much higher than that of NaOL.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"76 11","pages":"6577 - 6588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Extraction of Vanadium from Vanadium-Bearing Stone Coal by a Two-Stage Leaching Process","authors":"Honghui Liu, Qifeng Qian, Lingchao Xiao, Gaige Li","doi":"10.1007/s11837-024-06832-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-024-06832-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current study presents a two-stage leaching process for selective extraction of V from vanadium-bearing stone coal. The mechanisms and influence factors of the acid leaching and baking processes were investigated. The results showed that iron phosphate and iron oxides could dissolve in dilute sulfuric acid and V released from muscovite during sulfuric acid baking process. Particularly, in the first stage, 83.03% of Fe was removed with 5.72% of V loss under the most suitable leaching conditions (concentration of H₂SO₄ of 20%, leaching time 2 h and leaching temperature 90°C). In the second stage, the leaching efficiency of V reached 95.97% at the optimal conditions (3 mL H₂SO₄ per 10 g Fe removal residue, baking time 80 min, baking temperature 230°C). Moreover, the mass ratio of V to Fe in V-rich leaching solution could achieve 6.71, which was conductive to separate of V from the acid leaching solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of End-of-Life Chrome-Magnesia Refractories Using X-Ray Computed Tomography","authors":"Iida Pankka,&nbsp;Muhammad Saboor Ahmed,&nbsp;Joonas Tammela,&nbsp;Pekka Taskinen,&nbsp;Daniel Lindberg","doi":"10.1007/s11837-024-06826-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-024-06826-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The lifespan of refractory linings is a major industrial concern for safety, on-line availability, and financial reasons. In copper smelting, batchwise operating matte converters are the furnaces that pose the greatest challenge when it comes to refractory wear and lining life. In this work, the structure and morphology of used magnesia–chrome bricks were studied using X-ray computed tomography and mineralogical techniques. The bricks were taken from various locations of an end-of-life brick lining of an industrial Peirce–Smith converter, after a normal campaign at Boliden Harjavalta smelter (Finland). The results show that it is possible to visualize in 3D, e.g., porosity, metal-containing phases, and refractory magnesia in the used bricks. Different digital images, such as cross-sections and average volume fractions, were used as a non-destructive method to characterize the bricks’ internal structure. The metal/matte infiltration in the open porosity was found to differ based on the location in the converter, with some bricks having no metal/matte infiltration and the tuyere line showing metal/matte infiltration at a depth of about 100 mm from the hot face.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"76 11","pages":"6650 - 6659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11837-024-06826-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic Economy Approach: Mutual Redox of Spent LiFePO4 and LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 in H2SO4 System","authors":"Yang Dai, Zhaodi Lan, Yu Fang, Zhaodong Xu, Qi Zhang, Zhen Yao","doi":"10.1007/s11837-024-06842-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-024-06842-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the swift advancement of the new-energy vehicle industry, the significant quantity of decommissioned lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is increasing. Given the underlying environmental damages and significance of key metal supplies, the efficient recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries has attracted widespread concern. Traditional studies on recycling mainly focus on single LiMO₂ (NCM, M = Ni, Co, Mn) or LiFePO₄ (LFP) cathode materials, which often cause a lot of waste of reagents (reductant or oxidation), time, and energy. Herein, a method based on the energy-saving and emission-reduction treatment principle of \"treating waste with waste\" is introduced to leach mixed spent cathode materials of LiFePO₄ and LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ in sulfuric acid solution. LFP and NCM are used as redox couples. The former acts as a reducing agent when leaching LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ without an additional redox reagent. Finally, the leaching rates for Li, Co, Ni, and Mn are &gt; 97%. By integrating the principles of green chemistry, especially the atom economy, this study proves that it is feasible to treat miscellaneous (NCM and LFP) discarded cathode materials in H₂SO₄ system, which may contribute to the sustainable development of the new-energy automotive industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Stress and Temperature Fields in Laser-Alloyed FeMnSiCrNi Shape Memory Alloy Coatings on 316 Stainless Steel","authors":"Yubin Sun,&nbsp;Haojie Niu,&nbsp;Chengxin Lin","doi":"10.1007/s11837-024-06829-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-024-06829-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The employment of ANSYS finite element analysis software facilitated the examination of temperature and stress distributions within FeMnSiCrNi shape memory alloy coatings subjected to single-pass and multi-pass laser alloying. The findings from the simulation demonstrated that the fusion zone in the track created by a single laser pass adopts a semi-spoon configuration with a circular area at its center. Following the alloyed coating's return to ambient temperature, the core region of the substrate experiences a transition in transverse residual stress, starting with compressive stress at the center and gradually shifting to tensile stress towards the edges. In the direction of laser movement, the longitudinal residual stress within the coating undergoes a pattern of changing from compressive to tensile, and then back to compressive stress. During the multi-pass laser alloying process for FeMnSi shape memory alloys, the procedure mimics sequential heating phases, peaking at a temperature of 2467°C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"76 11","pages":"6500 - 6510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11837-024-06829-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Evolution of Grain Refinement and Mechanical Properties in Cu/Low-Carbon Steel/Cu Composites Manufactured by Different Rolling Routes","authors":"Wei Xu, Sarah Panahi, Ibrahim Roshan, Reza Javid","doi":"10.1007/s11837-024-06841-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-024-06841-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The processing of Cu/low-carbon steel/Cu multilayered composites by accumulative double-pass rolling (ADPR) has been studied, and the effect of different rolling directions, including unidirectional, cross, and reverse routes, on the microstructure and mechanical properties has been analyzed. The incorporation of four cycles of the ADPR method resulted in a uniform distribution of low-carbon steel in the Cu matrix. More plastic instabilities appeared by using a unidirectional rolling route, while the fewest instabilities occurred during the cross-rolling route. This shows the enhanced deformability of layers by 90° rotation of the rolling direction. This was also confirmed by a finer ultrafine-grained microstructure and improved tensile and hardness properties. The processed samples by the cross-rolling route demonstrated higher hardness, strengths, and elongation. The highest tensile strength of 663 MPa and highest hardness of 231 HV on the Cu layer and 263 HV on the steel layer were obtained. Moreover, the variations of measured hardness from surface to center of composites were analyzed and showed the maximum value near the surface of the composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Different Rare Earth Oxides on the Physical, Friction and Wear Properties of ZrC-Cu Composites","authors":"Cong Chen, Zhenjie Zhai, Denghui Li, Changfei Sun, Zhe Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11837-024-06820-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-024-06820-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, ZrC-Cu composites were prepared by powder metallurgy. The biphase reinforced Cu matrix composites were prepared by introducing rare earth oxides as the second-phase reinforced particles. The effects of rare earth elements on microstructure, electrical conductivity, mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of Cu and ZrC-Cu composites were studied by comparative analysis. The results show that the density of ZrC-Cu composites controlled by Eu₂O₃/Y₂O₃/La₂O₃ is &gt; 96%. The friction coefficient is also reduced to about 0.2. Among them, ZrC-Eu₂O₃-Cu composite has the best comprehensive performance. Compared with pure Cu, the conductivity of ZrC-Eu₂O₃-Cu composite is reduced by 9.5%, and the compressive yield strength is increased by 240%. This shows that Eu₂O is more significant in improving the wettability between the interfaces of ZrC-Cu composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of TiB2 on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiB2/Al-5Cu Matrix Composites","authors":"Jingchuan Tang, Mohd Zaidi Omar, Ripeng Jiang, Intan Fadhlina Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s11837-024-06833-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-024-06833-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Particle reinforcement is a proven approach to optimize the microstructure and enhance the mechanical properties of Al matrix composites. In this work, a total of six compositions of TiB₂/ZL205A(Al-5Cu) composites were fabricated by the mechanical stirring fusion casting process. The effect of TiB₂ particles on microstructure and mechanical properties of composites was explored. The experimental results indicated that the grain structure of the composite material was significantly refined, with relative refinement of 23.3%, 32.1%, 42.4%, 49.5%, and 51.6%, respectively, after the addition of TiB₂. With the increase of TiB₂ content, TiB₂ particles can be better attached near the second phase, while agglomeration occurs easily when the content is too high. The mechanical performance results show that the 2.0 wt.% TiB₂/Al-5Cu composite material has the best mechanical properties, with tensile strength (TS), yield strength (YS), and elongation (EL) of 197.8 MPa, 113 MPa, and 7.35%, respectively. Compared to Al-5Cu matrix alloy, it has increased by 51.5%, 61.4% and 129.7%, respectively. Based on the experimental results, the strengthening mechanism of Al-5Cu composites by TiB₂ particles was discussed in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}