Ionics最新文献

{"title":"Isoalloxazine and their analogous as energy storage materials: a review","authors":"Tanushee,&nbsp;Devendra Kumar,&nbsp;Ram Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06453-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06453-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Organic molecules show potential for building energy storage devices. They have several advantages in terms of structural variety, tunable redox potential, and environmental friendliness alternatives to inorganic and polymer electrodes for batteries and other energy storage systems. In recent years, they have drawn tremendous research interest, due to the significant developments in related organic materials and their performance measures. This article reviewed the potential of isoalloxazines and their analogs as energy storage materials. This article covers the functional group addition, polymer integration, and the combination of numerous redox-active moieties with isoalloxazines that helped them to be utilized as energy storage materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"7631 - 7646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and ionic dynamics of Mn- and Fe-based Ca-ion battery electrode materials from molecular simulations","authors":"Rachita Panigrahi,&nbsp;Bhabani S. Mallik","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06457-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06457-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Divalent intercalating metal ions, such as Mg²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Ca²⁺, in metal-ion batteries have garnered significant research interest with their remarkable capacity enhancement due to two electron transfer and low cost compared to lithium-ion batteries. The remarkable diffusivity and structural stability of some positive electrode materials, potentially significant for multivalent batteries, are the main reasons for using them in commercial batteries. In this work, we choose four materials with relatively fast ionic mobility, low energy diffusive barrier, and increased specific capacity. Calcium intercalation in positive electrode materials with the chemical formula Ca_xM_yO_z, where M is the transition metal element (Fe, Mn), is investigated using density functional theory and classical molecular dynamics simulations. We have reported the structural, electronic, and transport properties of four cost-effective compounds such as Ca₄Mn₂O₇, CaMn₃O₆, and CaFe_2+nO_4+<i>n</i>(<i>n</i> = 0.25 and 0). First principle calculations reveal the atomistic structure and local chemical environment. The cation–anion interactions in these materials are analyzed by calculating radial distribution functions. The diffusion properties of Ca²⁺ ions and conductivity in these solid materials were calculated using interatomic potential parameters in classical molecular dynamics, which reveal the ionic dynamics of these materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"8073 - 8084"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Mn3O4 particle size on synthesis and electrochemical performance of spinel LiMn2O4 cathode","authors":"Yicun Wang,&nbsp;Zhipeng Wang,&nbsp;Zenghui Li,&nbsp;Xuanning Huang,&nbsp;Yang Yang,&nbsp;Jin Yu,&nbsp;Xiaodong Pei,&nbsp;Dongming Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06441-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06441-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spinel LiMn₂O₄ has emerged as a highly promising cathode material for large-scale applications in lithium-ion batteries. The physicochemical properties of LiMn₂O₄, particularly particle size, specific surface area and crystallinity, play crucial roles in determining electrode kinetics and electrochemical performance. In this study, spherical Mn₃O₄ particles with controlled sizes were synthesized through a metallic manganese corrosion-oxidation method, which subsequently served as manganese precursors for preparing LiMn₂O₄ with different particle sizes. The effects of particle size on the structural characteristics and electrochemical properties of LiMn₂O₄ were systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that the spherical LiMn₂O₄ synthesized from smaller Mn₃O₄ particles (median particle size D₅₀ = 3.33 μm) exhibits enhanced structural stability, reduced electrochemical impedance, and improved lithium-ion diffusion coefficient, leading to remarkable improvement in lithium storage properties. Specifically, this optimized material delivers specific discharge capacities of 126.51 mAh/g at 1 C and 105.01 mAh/g at 10 C under 25 °C. Moreover, it exhibits a capacity retention rate of 83.76% after 400 cycles at 1 C and 25 °C, indicating stable long-term performance. These findings reveal that the particle size of Mn₃O₄ significantly influences the structural and electrochemical properties of LiMn₂O₄, providing valuable guidance and practical pathways for synthesizing high-performance lithium manganese oxide cathode materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"7745 - 7755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical and computational study of novel 5-fluoro-2-(methylamino) benzenesulfonamide as an organic catalyst for hydrazine electrooxidation","authors":"Katia Mohand Saidi,&nbsp;Nafila Bouider,&nbsp;Bassam A. Najri,&nbsp;Kamel Harrouche,&nbsp;Hilal Kivrak,&nbsp;Arif Kivrak,&nbsp;Smail Khelili","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06461-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06461-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents the synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical assessment of a new fluorinated sulfonamide-based organic catalyst, FBS⁻, which is immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using Nafion for the electrocatalytic oxidation of hydrazine (N₂H₄) in an alkaline environment. Structural analysis through ¹H and ¹³C NMR, including 2D COSY, confirms the anticipated substitution pattern on the aromatic ring, which includes a fluorine atom that enhances electronic stability and oxidative resistance. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations- including HOMO–LUMO analysis, Electron Localization Function (ELF), Localization of Orbitals (LOL), Average Local Ionization Energy (ALIE), and Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) maps- demonstrate a weak HOMO–LUMO gap (2.122 eV), substantial electron density concentration on the sulfonamide part, and significant redox activity of the anionic form. Electrochemical tests reveal that FBS⁻ serves as a bifunctional catalyst, facilitating electron transfer and local deprotonation of hydrazine. Cyclic voltammetry demonstrates a significant increase in current density (up to 33.33 mA/cm²) in the presence of hydrazine, while chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) corroborate its outstanding stability and low charge transfer resistance. The analysis of the scan rate-dependent CV reveals a linear relationship between peak current and the square root of the scan rate (R² = 0.993), suggesting a diffusion-controlled mechanism. Relative to other organic and noble-metal-based systems, FBS⁻ exhibits superior performance, merging high catalytic activity, chemical durability, and straightforward synthetic accessibility. These results position FBS⁻ as a promising, metal-free electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation and related energy and environmental, analytical, and electroanalytical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"8295 - 8311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of organic copper foil current collector modification on the performance of dual-ion batteries","authors":"Jie Song,&nbsp;Yunyan Zhang,&nbsp;Shimei Xu,&nbsp;Yiqian Wu,&nbsp;Rengui Xiao,&nbsp;Xiang Ke","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06443-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06443-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dual-ion batteries have got significant attention in recent years due to their efficient ion insertion mechanism, abundant electrode material options, and chemical stability, showcasing advantages such as high operating voltage, low cost, and enhanced safety. Organic electrode materials are often used in dual-ion batteries due to their designability and high theoretical capacity. However, the compatibility between organic electrode materials and current collectors affects the cycling and capacity performance of dual-ion batteries. In this paper, a novel thin film structure of sulfuric acid-doped polyaniline composite copper oxide is electropolymerized on the surface of copper foil current collector. The synergistic effect of electropolymerization-driven oxidation and copper oxide templating facilitates the formation of doped polyaniline nanoparticles, transforming the polymer into long-range ordered crystalline structures with a particle size of 10 nm. Because of the crystalline nanostructure of doped polyaniline and copper oxide, there is an interface change between the anode and active material during charge–discharge cycles, reducing the internal charge transfer resistance from 112 to 40 Ω. While the dual-ion battery shows a significant improvement at high rates, experiments show that the dual-ion battery still retains a capacity of 44 mAh g⁻¹ after 2000 cycles at 5 C, with a capacity retention rate of 69.7%, but the capacity of dual-ion battery without the modification current collectors is only 12 mAh g⁻¹ after 2000 cycles at 5 C. The paper discusses the mechanism of the smallest size composite polyaniline material and the influence mechanisms on the performance of dual-ion batteries.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"8121 - 8135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly conductive LiMn0.6Fe0.4PO4 synthesized with styrene maleic anhydride-assisted glucose and polyvinyl alcohol carbon coating","authors":"Quanchen Li,&nbsp;Hao Yang,&nbsp;Xinran Li,&nbsp;Tianyi Zhang,&nbsp;Zijun Liu,&nbsp;Guangchuan Liang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06452-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06452-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The low conductivity and Li⁺ diffusion coefficient of lithium manganese iron phosphate (LMFP) hinder its practical applications. In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to partially replace glucose in the LMFP coating, with styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) auxiliary carbon source, was added for the coating. Following the addition of SMA, the alternating distribution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups within the molecular structure of SMA effectively prevents the aggregation between particles. The agglomeration of primary particles in the sample has been significantly minimized, and the viscosity of the slurry has been effectively decreased. Under the synergistic effect of PVA and SMA, the resulting carbon layer has a high degree of graphitization, the compaction density of the material is improved, and the diffusion coefficient of Li⁺ is improved due to the uniform and moderate thickness of the carbon layer. The properties of the modified samples exhibit varying degrees of enhancement. The discharge specific capacity of LPS-4 was 156.8 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.2 C, and the capacity retention rate was 96.4% after 100 cycles at 1 C. In addition to the improvement of these properties, the powder conductivity of the material has also significantly increased. At a pressure of 350 MPa, the conductivity can attain a value of 3.25 × 10⁻² S cm⁻¹.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"7731 - 7743"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2 concentration effects on CO2/H2O co-electrolysis in a solid oxide electrolysis button cell","authors":"Rahulkumar Shirasangi,&nbsp;Hari Prasad Dasari,&nbsp;M. B. Saidutta","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06438-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06438-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The influence of CO₂ gas concentration on the co-electrolysis performance of an electrolyte-supported button cell (NiO-YSZ/NiO-SDC/ScSZ/LSCF-GDC/LSCF) was investigated. At 800 ^oC/1.5V, the interfacial polarization resistance (R_p) values for 10%CO₂/15%H₂O and 30%CO₂/15%H₂O are 7.19 and 26.91 Ω.cm², respectively. CO₂ gas concentration significantly affects the R_p value. Gas diffusion resistance is dominant in the overall polarization resistance. As the CO₂ concentration increases (10%→30%), H₂ consumption increases, indicating RWGS dominance. For 30% CO₂/15% H₂O, CO₂ out is slightly more than the input value due to the WGS and Boudouard reactions. As the applied voltage value increases from OCV, the H₂ residue increases. H₂O and CO₂ co-electrolysis occurs at 1.5 V. The post-test XRD and Raman spectra results show NiO reduction and metallic Ni appearance. The post-test FE-SEM micrographs show no delamination at the air electrode/electrolyte interface, and carbon deposition is observed in the composite fuel electrode layer.</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"8185 - 8192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of structural, functional and electrical properties of PVA polymer electrolyte incorporated with magnesium salt: analysing equivalent electrical circuit","authors":"Shaik Imran Ahmad,&nbsp;Parthiban Venkatachalapathy,&nbsp;Sunita Sundari Gunturi","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06437-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06437-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The structural, functional and electrical characteristics have been investigated for poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based polymer electrolyte with the incorporation of magnesium salt which mainly explains the electrical properties of the material in the present work. Here the polymer electrolyte is synthesized in different concentration of polymer and salt through solution casting technique in ambient temperature and the material is identified as PMgx. The structural and functional characteristics were analysed for the confirmation of polymer and salt complex formation. The AC impedance (ACI) studied for PMgx exhibits maximum ionic conductivity (<i>σ</i>) up to 1.26 × 10^–5 S.cm⁻¹. The equivalent electrical circuit (EEC) of the material is studied by fitting the cole–cole (CC) plot from the AC impedance data. Then, electrical characteristics like bode plots, dielectric characteristics and electric modulus analysis were analysed, which explains about the charge transfer characteristics, dielectric properties, and dielectric relaxation phenomenon of the material, where the relaxation time is 1.59 × 10^–7 s. Furthermore, the dielectric relaxation phenomenon has been analysed through Havriliak-Negami (HN) fitting, and dielectric strength of the material was analysed. The complex capacitance is studied with respect to the use of stainless-steel plate in the study. Then, AC conductivity of the material with respect to frequency was analysed, where the ion conduction mechanism is studied.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"8027 - 8041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promising nanomaterials for biosensing applications: a review of nanomaterials, sensor design strategies, and sensing mechanisms","authors":"Vidya C,&nbsp;Ajith P. Arun,&nbsp;Swarna M. Patra,&nbsp;Vinutha Moses,&nbsp;Prashantha Kalappa,&nbsp;Sudeep Mudhulu","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06412-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06412-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biosensors are analytical devices that integrate a biological sensing element with a transducer to detect chemical substances. They are pivotal in various fields including medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety due to their specificity, sensitivity, and rapid response times. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of biosensor technologies, including their classifications, mechanisms, key components, applications, and recent advancements. The paper also seeks to explore current challenges and future prospects in the field. Biosensors are primarily classified into electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, and thermal types based on the transduction method. Common biological sensing elements include enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, and cells. Applications span across glucose monitoring, disease detection (e.g., cancer and infectious diseases), environmental pollutant sensing, and food quality assessment. Recent advancements include miniaturization, integration with nanotechnology, and development of wearable and implantable biosensors. Challenges include ensuring stability, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness for commercial deployment. Biosensors represent a dynamic and rapidly evolving field with vast interdisciplinary potential. While challenges remain, continued innovation is expected to enhance their utility and integration into everyday applications, particularly in personalized healthcare and real-time environmental monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"7647 - 7691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and electrochemical performance of a (g-C3N4)-MoS2@MOF composite as a durable catalyst for hydrogen evolution","authors":"Janakiraman V.,&nbsp;Gokulkannan K.,&nbsp;Anitha R.,&nbsp;Ammal Dhanalakshmi M.,&nbsp;Mohamed Abbas,&nbsp;Vijayakumar Paranthaman,&nbsp;Ganesh Kumar K.","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06428-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06428-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In pursuit of efficient hydrogen generation and sustainable environmental remediation, a novel ternary heterojunction composite (g-C₃N₄)-MoS₂@MOF has been successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method. This advanced nanocomposite integrates graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄), molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), and a metal–organic framework (MOF), aiming to enhance electrocatalytic performance. Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the phase purity and composition of the composite material, while field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed a distinctive morphology: flower-like g-C₃N₄, layered MoS₂, and polished MOF fragments forming a robust composite matrix. Electrochemical studies demonstrated that hydrogen evolution follows the Volmer-Tafel mechanism, with a low Tafel slope of ~ 89 mV/decade, indicating favorable reaction kinetics. Chronoamperometry confirmed the catalyst’s remarkable electrochemical stability over 12 h. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) performed at a constant potential of 0.146 V across a broad frequency range (100 MHz to 1 Hz) confirmed effective charge transfer properties. This study presents a structurally durable and highly efficient catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction, emphasizing its potential for integration into next-generation clean energy and environmental remediation systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"8281 - 8293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}