Ionics最新文献

{"title":"Advancements in biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles for superior water decontamination and antibacterial efficacy","authors":"Richa Sharma,&nbsp;Rahul Sharma,&nbsp;Sakshi Dhiman,&nbsp;Abhishek Kandwal,&nbsp;Manjula Sharma,&nbsp;Asha Kumari","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05695-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-024-05695-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An urgent problem is the bacterial infestations caused by home and industrial wastes that contaminate surface water. This article presents a sustainable and affordable method for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) utilizing <i>Asparagus racemosus</i> root extract. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and UV–visible spectrum analysis were used to characterize the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. The X-ray diffraction peaks of ZnO NPs matched to a standard JCPDS card (no. 36–1451) and the particles were 21–29 nm in size and had a wurtzite structure with good crystallinity. UV–Vis spectroscopy showed absorption peaks between 359 and 364 nm in ZnO NPs synthesized from <i>Asparagus racemosus</i> root extract. ZnO NPs were confirmed by FTIR, which revealed absorption bands in the 469–525 cm⁻¹ region, showing stretching of the Zn–O bond. In this study, methylene blue (MB) was degraded using ZnO nanoparticles as photocatalysts under the influence of UV light. Notably, the maximum MB decomposition efficiency of 98% was demonstrated by ZnO for 100 mg/mL with reaction rate constants of 0.0312, 0.02104, and 0.001362 min⁻¹ for ASP₁, ASP₂, and ASP₃, respectively. Additionally, the well diffusion technique was used to assess the zone of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ZnO nanoparticles against clinical strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. ZnO-NPs were more effective against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> which exhibited inhibition zones of 13 ± 0.57 and 15 ± 1.15 mm, respectively. These results emphasize the important potential of ZnO nanoparticles produced from biological sources for effective water purification, emphasizing their photocatalytic and antibacterial capabilities.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141783975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-free and Sr-free double-perovskite oxide PrBaFe1.9Nb0.1O5+δ as a potential electrode material for symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells","authors":"Feng Wang,&nbsp;Jinyan Qi,&nbsp;Pengkai Shan,&nbsp;Bin Qian,&nbsp;Lishuai Xie,&nbsp;Yifeng Zheng,&nbsp;Han Chen,&nbsp;Lin Ge","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05724-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-024-05724-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Double-perovskite oxide PrBaFe₂O_5+δ (PBF) is considered as a potential electrode material because of its superior oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity in air and excellent stability in wet hydrogen atmospheres. However, the electrochemical activities of Fe-based electrode materials are constrained by the oxygen vacancy concentration and oxy-ion transport properties. Herein, PrBaFe_2-xNb_xO_5+δ (PBFNx, <i>x</i> = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) oxides are synthesized and evaluated as electrodes for symmetrical solid oxide fuel cell (SSOFC). X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates that PBFNx samples have an orthorhombic structure and good chemical compatibility with electrolyte. Among all the samples, the PBFN0.1 symmetrical half-cell shows the lowest polarization resistance at 800 °C, which decreases by 29.2% compared with that of PBF in air and decreases by 59.9% compared with that of PBF in wet hydrogen atmospheres. The output performance of the single cell with PBFN0.1 as symmetrical electrodes achieves 197.10 mW cm⁻² in wet hydrogen atmospheres at 800 °C, which is an improvement of 31.97% compared with that of PBF. The enhanced electrochemical performance can be attributed to an increase in oxygen vacancy concentrations. The results suggest that the PBFN0.1 material is a potential candidate for SSOFC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic synthesis of LiNiVO4 nanoparticles for the evaluation of photocatalytic and electrochemical applications","authors":"M. Thejaswini, V. Lakshmi Ranganatha, C. Mallikarjunaswamy, S. Pramila, G. Nagaraju","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05729-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05729-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this present work, lithium nickel vanadate nanoparticles (LiNiVO₄ NPs) were synthesized by solution combustion method. Here, jackfruit seed extract is employed as a fuel for the synthesis. These nanoparticles were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies confirm the inverse spinel structure of LiNiVO₄ NPs. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images represent the agglomerated and clustered-like structure of NPs. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry shows the existence of vanadium, nickel, and oxygen elements. Also, Ni and V are present in the average ratio of 1:1. The UV–visible spectral analysis indicated absorption bands at 465 and 728 nm, corresponding to a band gap energy of 2.2 eV. The vibrational analysis of the NPs was confirmed through IR and Raman spectroscopy, with a new peak observed at 1036 cm⁻¹ indicating the bond interaction of Li⁺-O-V in the FTIR analysis. Further, LiNiVO₄ NPs exhibit good photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible light irradiation. And the percentage of degradation efficiency is 91.77 around 180 min. The photocatalytic activity was due to the production of OH radicals during photo irradiation on LiNiVO₄ NPs. The effect of different parameters on photo-catalytic activity was also studied in detail, including dye concentration, catalytic quantity, pH variation, scavenger activity, and recycling of the catalyst. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis revealed lower charge transfer and good ionic conductivity of LNV NPs, and it is also suitable for supercapacitor preparation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of flexible and green chemistry synthesis method for highly crystalline COFs for supercapacitor applications","authors":"Shanxin Xiong,&nbsp;Ke Fang,&nbsp;Kerui Zhang,&nbsp;Jingru Guo,&nbsp;Min Chen,&nbsp;Juan Wu,&nbsp;Yukun Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Wang,&nbsp;Chunxia Hua,&nbsp;Jia Chu,&nbsp;Runlan Zhang,&nbsp;Chenxu Wang,&nbsp;Ming Gong,&nbsp;Bohua Wu,&nbsp;Juan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05734-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-024-05734-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted much attention in energy storage due to their porous network structure, large specific surface area, high crystallinity, and pseudocapacitive ability brought by redox reactions. However, the traditional synthesis method of COFs involves toxic solvents and requires high temperatures and pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to develop simple synthesis methods for large-scale practical application of COFs. This study investigated the synthesis and electrochemical properties of two kinds of COFs, which were synthesized through the reflux heating method and solvothermal method using tri(4-aminophenyl)amine (TAPA) and tris(benzaldehyde) (TFB) as monomers. The results indicate that COFs synthesized by the reflux heating method (Re-COF-TAFB) have better specific surface area, thermal stability, and electrochemical properties compared to those synthesized by the solvothermal method (So-COF-TAFB). Re-COF-TAFB has a specific capacitance of 248 F·g⁻¹ at 0.1 A·g⁻¹ and a capacitance retention rate of 104.13% after 10,000 charge and discharge cycles. This paper contributes to understanding COFs’ synthesis methods and their impact on material properties. Reflux heating is highlighted as an efficient technique for developing high-performance COF-based supercapacitors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomistic insights into intermolecular formation of deep eutectic solvents and poly(acrylate) matrix and its application for the enhancing hydronium ion dynamics in proton-exchange membranes of fuel cells","authors":"Sagynysh Nurmanova,&nbsp;Kazybek Aimaganbetov,&nbsp;Kairat Abdrakhmanov,&nbsp;Sergey Kolisnichenko,&nbsp;Nurlan Almas,&nbsp;Fariza Abugalieva,&nbsp;Gaukhar Kabdrakhimova,&nbsp;Omirzak Abdirashev","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05733-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-024-05733-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the intermolecular interactions and diffusion behavior in deep eutectic solvent (DES)-supported poly(acrylate) (PAA) systems, with a focus on enhancing hydronium (H₃O⁺) ion mobility for proton-exchange membranes (PEMs) in fuel cells. Using classical all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we investigated the interactions within pure DES-supported PAA and hydrated DES-supported PAA matrices at hydration levels (HLs) 3 and 9. Radial distribution functions (RDFs) revealed significant interactions between the oxygen atoms of PAA and hydrogen atoms of DES components, with distinct variations at different HLs. Interaction energy calculations highlighted the evolving strengths of PAA-DES interactions, especially with choline, chloride, and urea, under varying hydration conditions. Diffusion coefficients indicated substantial enhancements in the mobility of H₃O⁺ ions and water molecules with increasing hydration, essential for effective proton transport. These findings underscore the critical role of water in facilitating dynamic restructuring and efficient proton conduction within the DES-supported PAA matrix, offering valuable insights for the development of advanced PEMs with tailored properties for fuel cell applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of bubble evolution behavior on electrode surface based on lattice Boltzmann method","authors":"Shengzheng Ji,&nbsp;Guogang Yang,&nbsp;Jiadong Liao,&nbsp;Ziheng Jiang,&nbsp;Xiaoxing Yang,&nbsp;Zhuangzhuang Xu","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05721-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-024-05721-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photoelectrochemical water splitting is regarded as one of the most efficient methods for hydrogen production, with photoelectrode materials playing a crucial role in enhancing its efficiency. To further improve the effectiveness of hydrogen production via photoelectrochemical water splitting, a lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) with multiple relaxation times (MRT) is employed to simulate the evolution of bubble growth, coalescence, and detachment on the photoelectrode surface. This simulation takes into account factors such as bubble detachment diameter, contact angle of the photoelectrode surface, and the spatial distribution of nucleation sites. According to simulation results, when the gravity coefficient increases, the bubble detachment diameter decreases, a contact angle between 120° and 140° is found to be optimal for bubble detachment. When the contact angle is less than 90°, the bubbles typically adhere to the surface of nucleation sites. The bubble detachment time decreases gradually as the contact angle ranges from 120° to 160°, and the bubble detachment time drops by 1.8 ms and 0.2 ms, respectively. When the distance between two nucleation sites was 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, and 20 μm, and the bubble detachment time was 3 ms, 2.2 ms, 3 ms, and 2.9 ms, respectively. The bubble detachment time could be effectively reduced by appropriately increasing the distance between nucleation sites in a certain range. This study elucidates the behavior of bubbles on photoelectrode surfaces during photocatalytic water decomposition, providing valuable insights for optimizing photoelectrode design and improving the efficiency of hydrogen production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phyto-mediated facile synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles: enhanced photocatalysis, biological, and electrochemical properties","authors":"M. Thejaswini, V. Lakshmi Ranganatha, H. B. Vasanth Patil, S. Pramila, G. Nagaraju, C. Mallikarjunaswamy","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05710-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05710-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the present work, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were prepared via a simple and eco-friendly combustion method employing <i>Cleome gynandra</i> seed extract as a fuel. The synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray studies (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (IR), Raman spectroscopy, and UV spectroscopy (UV–Vis). XRD confirmed the crystalline nature of the material with a hexagonal wurtzite structure having an average crystallite size of 28 nm. SEM images confirm the formation of spherical with agglomerated forms of ZnO NPs. FTIR spectrum shows the band at 580 cm⁻¹ due to the vibrational mode of Zn–O bending. The band gap of the ZnO was found to be 3.00 eV. Photocatalytic activity of ZnO NPs was assessed using methylene blue (MB) dye under UV light irradiation, demonstrating an admirable 94% degradation around 120 min. The electrochemical studies of the ZnO-modified carbon paste electrode exhibit superior oxidation and reduction potential and also show promising electrode material for H₂O₂ and ascorbic acid sensors. Further, these NPs also exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and are biocompatible with lymphocytes. Therefore, the synthesized material has good photocatalytic, electrochemical, antibacterial, and antimicrobial properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrothermal modification of natural graphite with KCl: different roles of K+ and Cl− in promoting the electrochemical performance of Li-ion batteries","authors":"Zong‒Xiao Zhao,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Yong‒Xin Qi,&nbsp;Yu‒Jun Bai","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05718-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-024-05718-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The poor structural stability and cyclability restrict the wide application of natural graphite (NG) in Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, NG was hydrothermally modified with KCl at 200 °C for 12 h. The NG modified with 1.0 wt% KCl exhibits excellent rate performance (revealing average lithiation capacities of 407.7 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 C and 341.2 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.5 C) and cyclability. The roles of K⁺ and Cl⁻ in promoting the electrochemical performance of NG was revealed via systematic characterizations. In the hydrothermal process, K⁺ entered into graphene interlayers to enhance electronic conductivity and introduce lattice distortion in NG to facilitate Li-ion transport during lithiation and delithiation, while Cl^<b>−</b> interacted with the NG surface to create C<b>‒</b>Cl bonds which are partially converted into Li-conductive LiCl during lithiation to function as the component of solid electrolyte interphase. Both the residual C<b>‒</b>Cl bonds and in situ formed LiCl with high stability could stabilize the structure and performance of the NG anode. This simple hydrothermal modification with KCl might promote the wide utilization of the NG anode in LIBs.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of biomethanation process of Eichhornia crassipes using ferric chloride catalyst","authors":"Saikat Banerjee,&nbsp;Selvaraju Sivamani","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05723-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-024-05723-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water hyacinth is one of the most significant sources of biomass in tropical regions that can be used to create biogas. This strategy aims to improve the sustainability, precise energy content, and ease of transport of the original biofuel feedstock, as well as to extract gases. An experimental investigation on the biomethanation of water hyacinth took place in a semi-batch digester. Temperature, stirring speed, and catalyst concentration all have an impact on the rate of biogas production. The catalyst has been discovered to primarily boost the rate of biogas production from water hyacinth (<i>Eichhornia crassipes</i>). As the catalyst is used here to boost up the biomethanation reaction, the effect of the catalyst on different kinetic parameters is investigated.</p><p>The key conclusions of the research indicate that the maximum value of acidogenic cell mass concentration is 0.13 kg/m³d while the minimum value of methanogenic cell mass concentration is 0.014 kg/m³d at 50 ppm catalyst concentration. Moreover, the maximum specific growth rate of the entire process increases as the catalyst concentration rises, reaching a maximum level of 0.312 d⁻¹ at a 50 ppm catalyst concentration. This is proof that using a catalyst can expedite the biomethanation process. As the catalyst concentration increases, so does the overall biomass concentration. Since it increases the precision of the parameter estimates, the simultaneous estimation of the parameters is a crucial part of the estimation process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and performance experimental study of microchannel ceramic methanol reformer","authors":"Haoming Sun,&nbsp;Dong Tang,&nbsp;Ruixiao Tian,&nbsp;Jinyan Tang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05726-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-024-05726-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogen possesses high energy density and emits zero carbon, making it a promising alternative fuel. However, the current storage and transportation of hydrogen pose significant safety risks. The on-site hydrogen production technology through methanol reforming offers a fundamental solution to the challenges of hydrogen storage and transportation. This study presents the design of a microchannel methanol reformer fabricated using cordierite honeycomb ceramics and evaluates its operational performance through multi-parameter experiments. The results show that optimal reforming performance is achieved at a reaction temperature of 553 K, a water-to-methanol ratio of 1.25, and a feed volume of 0.4 ml/min. Under these conditions, methanol conversion reaches 84.99%, hydrogen production amounts to 361.69 ml/min, and the carbon monoxide concentration is 0.6232%, demonstrating good stability during prolonged operation. This study provides valuable insights for the industrialization of methanol reformers and the utilization of hydrogen energy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}