IonicsPub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06484-x
Shanshuai Wang, Huajun Dong, Jingyi Gao, Minghao Chen, Licheng Wang, Kai Wang
{"title":"Multi-category health indicator fusion-based state of health forecast of lithium-ion batteries with high generality to partial discharging profiles","authors":"Shanshuai Wang, Huajun Dong, Jingyi Gao, Minghao Chen, Licheng Wang, Kai Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06484-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06484-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent years have shown the adaptability and precision of data-driven approaches in state of health (SOH) forecast of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the complete discharging process that encompass the state of charge (SOC) region from 0 to 100% is not common in real-world, which provides a barrier for selecting health indicators (HIs). In this article, a multifaceted HIs fusion approach with broad applications for various cell degradation scenarios is presented to characterize the aging state by combining discrete curvature HIs and morphological features of discharge voltage that are extracted from the partial discharging data with different SOC ranges. To use these two kinds of aging features, a multiresolution temporal convolutional network model (MTCN) is specifically presented. The MTCN not only fits the relation between the feature vectors and SOH but also is able to process raw sensor data without artificially preprocessing steps, which is important for the battery management system (BMS) where only limited memory and computing power are available to establish a SOH estimation model. In order to comprehensively validate the suggested strategy, we performed experiments using aging data collected on LiCoO2/LiNiCoAlO2, LiFePO4, and LiCoO2 cells using a variety of testing methodologies. The results suggest that the proposed method has high generality to the scenarios with diverse discharging characteristics. The suggested approach also has a number of other benefits, such as excellent resilience to various discharge conditions and satisfied adaptability to various cell types.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"7917 - 7938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IonicsPub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06489-6
Xin Lv, Qiang Li, Kai Wang
{"title":"State monitoring of lithium-ion batteries based on in situ magnetic techniques: a review","authors":"Xin Lv, Qiang Li, Kai Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06489-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06489-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Energy storage, especially lithium-ion battery systems, is crucial in contemporary technology and energy management, propelled by the rapid progress of renewable energy and electric cars. Monitoring the health status and battery life projections of these devices has emerged as a critical issue, underscoring the imperative to ensure their optimal performance, security, and durability. Traditional monitoring techniques, such as electrochemical testing and temperature analysis, exhibit constraints in real-time functionality and accuracy. Recently, in situ magnetic techniques have demonstrated significant advantages in predicting the status of energy storage devices due to their non-invasive nature, enhanced sensitivity, and real-time monitoring capabilities, which are essential for the progress of green energy and integrated mechatronic systems. This research analyzes progress in the utilization of in situ magnetic techniques for the monitoring and prediction of energy storage systems, namely lithium-ion batteries. Moreover, it encompasses the application of different in situ methods for the accurate prediction of various lithium battery types. Future improvements will focus on optimizing the technology and using artificial intelligence to enhance the precision and efficacy of monitoring. We provide a distinctive monitoring methodology that improves our understanding of significant value and fosters the continuous development of magnetic testing procedures in the energy storage industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"7595 - 7613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IonicsPub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06496-7
Min Li, Haiping Liu, Sifu Bi, Yu Zhang, Kaiqi Zhang, Yixiao Guo, Zhongke Yang, Mingxu Liu, Kexin Wang, Xin Wang
{"title":"A multi-dimensional collaborative strategy for developing low-temperature and high-voltage resistant electrolytes","authors":"Min Li, Haiping Liu, Sifu Bi, Yu Zhang, Kaiqi Zhang, Yixiao Guo, Zhongke Yang, Mingxu Liu, Kexin Wang, Xin Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06496-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06496-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Conventional lithium-ion batteries suffer from impaired charge transfer kinetics due to high viscosity and low conductivity at low temperatures, alongside performance degradation, which restricts their applications in polar exploration and aerospace engineering. To address these challenges, we engineered a dual-salt electrolyte through solvent-salt-additive triple synergy. This system employs a LiPF<sub>6</sub>/LiFSI dual-salt electrolyte system, where the synergistic interaction between the two lithium salts optimizes electrode interfacial compatibility and ion transport kinetics. The solvent matrix is composed of EC (high dielectric constant medium), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC, wide electrochemical stability window), and propyl acetate (PA, low freezing point), forming a functionalized composite solvent system. The incorporation of film-forming additives facilitates the formation of a dense and stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Through this coordinated design, simultaneous enhancement of interfacial stability and lithium-ion migration kinetics is achieved. Consequently, the conductivity of this electrolyte is greater than 1 mS·cm<sup>−1</sup> at -50 ℃. The LiCoO<sub>2</sub>/graphite lithium-ion battery employing this electrolyte exhibits outstanding performance: > 80% capacity retention relative to room-temperature capacity at -60 ℃ (0.5C); > 80% capacity retention after 100 cycles at -40 ℃; and ~ 98% capacity retention after 50 cycles at 50 ℃ (0.5C).</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"8061 - 8072"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IonicsPub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06487-8
Ziyad Mira, Irem Cemre Turu, Metin Gencten
{"title":"Enhancement of valve-regulated lead-acid battery performance using polyaniline additive in fumed silica–based gel electrolyte","authors":"Ziyad Mira, Irem Cemre Turu, Metin Gencten","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06487-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06487-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, polyaniline (PANi) powder is prepared using the chemical oxidative polymerization method, which, to the best of our knowledge, is reported for the first time in the literature as an additive in the fumed silica–based gel electrolyte of a valve-regulated lead-acid battery. Electrochemical analysis techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Tafel analysis, are employed to optimize the PANi powder ratio and other parameters influencing the performance of the gel electrolyte. The optimal PANi content in the gel system is determined to be 0.6 wt%. The stirring time and stirring rate are set at 30 min and 500 rpm, respectively. Cyclic charge–discharge tests are performed to assess the battery performance of different gel systems, with capacities measured as 52.75, 45.75, and 35 mAh/g at a charge–discharge current density of 5 mA/g for the PANi gel electrolyte, fumed silica–based gel electrolyte, and sulfuric acid (aqueous electrolyte), respectively. The results of long-cycle tests conducted for the same gel systems show that the retention capacity of the PANi gel electrolyte system is 82% after 200 cycles at a current density of 10 mA/g.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"8043 - 8060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IonicsPub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06492-x
Daming Yong, Xiaomeng Kang, Ming Yin, Qichao Wu
{"title":"Long-cycle performance of the hollow and sandwich structured of H-TiO2/Fe3O4/C anode material for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Daming Yong, Xiaomeng Kang, Ming Yin, Qichao Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06492-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06492-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>First, a spherical Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was synthesized using the hydrothermal method, and subsequently coated with carbon to form a core–shell C/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> composite. The Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> core was then dissolved in an etching solution to create a hollow carbon (H-C) structure. This H-C served as a substrate onto which a Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> layer was deposited via the hydrothermal method, resulting in a hollow core–shell Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/C composite. Finally, the solvothermal method was employed to coat the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/C composite with a layer of hydrogenated titanium dioxide (H-TiO<sub>2</sub>), resulting in a hollow-structured H-TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/C material. This structure not only ensures the formation of a dual-core shell structure, but also reduces the proportion of carbon material in the composite electrode, thereby enhancing the theoretical specific capacity of the composite electrode. The presence of H-TiO<sub>2</sub> and carbon improved the cyclic stability of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> within the composite. This hollow sandwich–structured composite demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance, delivering a discharge specific capacity of 629.5 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 500 cycles at 0.2 A g<sup>−1</sup>, along with a high initial coulombic efficiency of 80.6%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"7709 - 7719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IonicsPub Date : 2025-06-23DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06480-1
Jia Wang, Zenghai Shan, Kai Wang
{"title":"Sensitivity analysis of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell cold start process with the numerical method","authors":"Jia Wang, Zenghai Shan, Kai Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06480-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06480-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A three-dimensional multiphase flow cold start model is established in this article to study the cold start performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) which comprehensively considers the phase transition and transfer process of liquid water. First, the impact of different parameters on cold start performance is studied, including porosity, contact angle, ionomer volume fraction, and specific heat capacity, which explains the impact of various parameters on different cold start processes and is the basis for parameter selection in subsequent sensitivity analysis research. Then, a sensitivity analysis of the fuel cell cold start performance to various parameters is conducted, which quantifies the factors that affect the cold start performance. Finally, the effect of three different current loading methods on cold start performance is analyzed by changing the rising slope, initial current density, and duration. The results show that the cold start duration and temperature rise of the fuel cell are positively correlated with other parameters except for specific heat capacity. Specific heat capacity has the greatest impact on the temperature rise, and the catalyst layer (CL) contact angle has the greatest impact on the cold start duration. The current loading method of linear rising or stepwise rising can avoid the problem of insufficient heat generation caused by low current density during constant current cold start and can also avoid the problem of rapid freezing rate caused by high current density, which can lead to the failure of cold start.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"8193 - 8209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LiF: past, present, and future in advanced material applications—insights into battery technology: a review","authors":"Utkirjon Sharopov, Tukhtamurod Juraev, Siddik Kakhkhorov, Khusniddin Juraev, Muzaffar Kurbanov, Mukhtorjon Karimov, Dilmurod Saidov, Alisher Kakhramonov, Feruza Akbarova, Islomjon Rakhmatshoev, Odiljon Abdurakhmonov","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06491-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06491-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lithium fluoride has attracted considerable attention due to its distinctive properties, such as relatively high ionic conductivity, chemical stability, and compatibility with various battery components. Initially employed as a dosimeter for radiation dose measurement, the scope of LiF applications has significantly broadened over the years. This review delves into the historical and contemporary uses of LiF, with a particular emphasis on its role in the evolution of lithium-ion battery technology. The paper traces the material's progression from a dosimetric tool in the 1980s to an essential element in solid-state batteries, highlighting its surface properties, defect formation, and performance improvements. The advancement of LiF-based solid electrolytes presents numerous benefits, including enhanced safety, superior performance at high temperatures, and longer battery lifespan. Additionally, this review spotlights key research developments and technological innovations that emphasize LiF's potential for future applications in diverse areas such as optics, catalysis, and biomedicine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"7535 - 7563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IonicsPub Date : 2025-06-20DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06474-z
N. Yogeesha, S. Shivakumara, C. R. Ravikumar, H. C. Ananda Murthy
{"title":"Green and chemical fuel driven solution combustion synthesis of La2O3 nanoparticles for their photocatalytic and electrochemical studies","authors":"N. Yogeesha, S. Shivakumara, C. R. Ravikumar, H. C. Ananda Murthy","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06474-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06474-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present work reports the synthesis of lanthanum oxide (La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by using citric acid and banana peel powder as chemical and green fuels, labelled LO-C and LO-G, respectively. The nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FT-IR and diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) to understand the morphology, crystallinity and band gap of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs. According to XRD studies, the NPs are found in a hexagonal crystal structure, with an average crystallite size of 20.78 nm for LO-C and 28.14 nm for LO-G. The morphological studies (SEM and TEM) confirm different morphologies and high crystallinity for the two samples. UV-DRS method was applied to arrive at the band gap values of 5.48 eV and 5.81 eV for LO-C and LO-G NPs, respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of three anionic dyes, namely, Acid Red 88 (AR88), Acid Blue 88 (AB88) and Eriochrome Black-T (EBT). Both LO-C and LO-G achieve near complete degradation of AR 88 in 75 min with rates of 0.014 min<sup>−1</sup> and 0.019 min<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. AB 88 is degraded with an efficiency of 84.5% by LO-C (90 min) and 88.45% by LO-G (90 min). LO-C and LO-G achieve 74.49% and 81.08% degradation of EBT in 120 min. The LO-G catalyst shows excellent stability towards AR 88 degradation with about 7% decrease in efficiency after five photocatalytic cycles. Further, scavenger studies indicate hydroxy radical mediated oxidation of the dye as the major mechanistic pathway involved. In addition, LO-G modified carbon paste electrode exhibited excellent sensing of paracetamol and lithium ions in 0.1 M HCl with a limit of detection of 1 × 10<sup>−3</sup> mol L<sup>−1</sup>. Thus, the synthesized La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles can act as efficient photocatalysts and good sensors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"8335 - 8356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IonicsPub Date : 2025-06-19DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06459-y
Sara Adnan Mahmood, Kamal A. Soliman, Nadhratun Naiim Mobarak, Mohamed F. Shibl
{"title":"Reducing the shuttle effect in Li-S batteries with oxygenated penta-SiC₂ monolayer","authors":"Sara Adnan Mahmood, Kamal A. Soliman, Nadhratun Naiim Mobarak, Mohamed F. Shibl","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06459-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06459-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oxygen functionalized penta-SiC<sub>2</sub> (<i>p</i>-<i>SiC</i><sub>2</sub>/O) combines a robust all pentagon 2D framework with polar epoxide anchors that afford both strong Li-polysulfide binding and enhanced electronic conductivity. This study explores the optimization and functionalization of two-dimensional penta-SiC<sub>2</sub> for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. The structure optimization was confirmed through formation energy calculations. Functionalizing penta-SiC₂ with oxygen (epoxy groups) significantly enhanced adsorption properties for sulfur (S<sub>8</sub>) and lithium polysulfides (Li<sub>2</sub>S<sub>n</sub>), with a binding energy of −4.39 eV, mitigating the shuttle effect. Oxygen functionalization reduced the band gap from 1.60 to 1.52 eV, improving electronic conductivity, as confirmed by density of states (DOS) analysis. Gibbs free energy profiles showed strong binding interactions for sulfur reduction reactions, with a Δ<i>G</i> of −1.52 eV for Li<sub>2</sub>S adsorption (−1.52 eV) promoting immobilization of discharge products and enhancing cycling stability. This work highlights <i>p</i>-<i>SiC</i><sub>2</sub>/O as a promising electrode material, offering insights into its structural and electronic properties for advancing Li-S battery performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"7757 - 7772"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A distribution-free interval estimation method for lithium-ion battery state of health","authors":"Xiaoqiong Pang, Ziyao Guo, Jianfang Jia, Jie Wen, Xiaojie Li, Jianchao Zeng, Jiashuo Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-025-06470-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-025-06470-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to estimate the state of health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries, traditional methods are often based on distributional assumptions that may not match the actual situation and lead to the construction of prediction intervals (PIs) that are unreliable. To this end, a distribution-free interval estimation strategy for SOH in lithium-ion batteries is proposed in this paper, which aims to efficiently construct high-quality PIs. To ensure compatibility with the gradient descent (GD) algorithm and to overcome the previous reliance on meta-heuristics, the loss function is redesigned and the PI centre is innovatively incorporated into the optimization objective. The aim is to obtain high-quality PIs for a more comprehensive assessment of their quality. Through the validation of the NASA dataset and the CALCE dataset, the results show that the proposed method improves the comprehensive evaluation metric <i>P</i> by an average of 40.69% compared to the traditional lower upper bound estimation (LUBE) method and improves the mean PI centre deviation (MPICD) metric by 13.60% compared to the model that does not consider the PI centre.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"31 8","pages":"7939 - 7952"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}