Ionics最新文献

{"title":"Hydrothermal synthesis, photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, CO₂ reduction, organic dyes degradation, heavy metals adsorption, and photoelectrochemical applications of a multifunctional Co- doping NiFe₂O₄ spinel","authors":"Maroua Ouezzani,&nbsp;Abdelfattah Allaoui,&nbsp;Hocine Sadam Nesrat,&nbsp;Louiza Zenkhri,&nbsp;Sara Aouadi,&nbsp;Abderrhmane Bouafia,&nbsp;Hamada S. Abulkhair,&nbsp;Salah Eddine Laouini,&nbsp;Djamila Hamada Saoud,&nbsp;Hafidha Terea,&nbsp;Mohammed Messaoudi,&nbsp;Abdelatif Aouadi","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07009-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07009-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing need for sustainable energy and water treatment technologies continues to drive the development of multifunctional nanomaterials. Herein, we report the hydrothermal synthesis of a novel non-stoichiometric spinel oxide, Ni₁.₂Co₀.₉Fe₀.₉O₄, and its comprehensive evaluation across diverse photocatalytic applications. The structure of the spinel oxide was confirmed by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and UV–Vis analyses, revealing a homogeneous spinel phase with well-distributed Ni, Co, and Fe ions. Upon exposure to visible light, the spinel exhibited remarkable performance in several domains: it achieved 97.4% degradation of Methyl Orange and 93.8% of Rose Bengal within 120 min and produced 1574 µmol.g⁻¹ of hydrogen via photocatalytic water splitting after 4 h. Moreover, it enabled photoreduction of CO₂ to 412 µmol.g⁻¹ of CH₄ and 294 µmol·g⁻¹ of H₂, indicating an excellent redox capability. In addition, Ni₁.₂Co₀.₉Fe₀.₉O₄ exhibited excellent adsorption capability toward heavy metal ions (Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺), confirming its effectiveness for heavy metal removal from aqueous media. Photoelectrochemical measurements further demonstrated a stable photocurrent density of 1.45 mA.cm⁻² at 1.23 V vs. RHE, confirming its efficient charge separation and solar responsiveness. These results underscore the potential of Ni₁.₂Co₀.₉Fe₀.₉O₄ spinel oxide as a robust and versatile photocatalyst for integrated solar-driven energy conversion and environmental remediation systems.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 4","pages":"4421 - 4437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOC estimation of lithium-ion batteries based on LSSVM-AdaBoost modeling with stress characteristic analysis","authors":"Tiezhou Wu,&nbsp;Qi Xie,&nbsp;Lang Mao,&nbsp;Junchao Zhu,&nbsp;Jun Zhang,&nbsp;Jian Kang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07022-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07022-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accurate estimation of the state of charge (SOC) in lithium-ion batteries is crucial for battery management systems. Addressing the issue of insufficient accuracy in conventional SOC estimation methods under dynamic operating conditions, this paper proposes a lithium-ion battery SOC estimation method incorporating stress characteristics. To compensate for SOC estimation deficiencies caused by fluctuations in voltage and current characteristics, this paper introduces battery stress variation as a novel feature to characterise SOC degradation. A stress testing experimental platform was constructed, with a series of stress characterisation experiments designed. Savitzky-Golay (SG) filtering was applied to the stress data to obtain optimised, high-quality stress features. Correlation analysis validated the strong relationship between these stress features and SOC. To address the degradation in SOC estimation accuracy caused by the plateau phase in stress variation curves during battery discharge, this paper proposes an LSSVM-AdaBoost-based SOC estimation model. By integrating the advantages of multiple LSSVM models and combining locally optimal models for different charge–discharge phases, this approach significantly enhances lithium-ion battery SOC estimation accuracy. SOC estimation was conducted under Federal Urban Driving State (FUDS) conditions using the constructed experimental platform. Experimental results demonstrate that the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of the proposed method’s SOC estimates are 0.225 and 0.186, respectively. To validate the effectiveness of stress features, the superiority of the LSSVM-AdaBoost model, and its generalisation capability across different operating conditions, a series of comparative experiments were designed. Results confirm that the LSSVM-AdaBoost model maintains relatively superior estimation accuracy across the entire SOC range. Consequently, the proposed method effectively enhances the accuracy and robustness of lithium-ion battery SOC estimation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 4","pages":"4263 - 4284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fe-doped 3D flower-like NiCo-LDH for enhanced OER performance","authors":"Wenxiao Su,&nbsp;Jinjin Jia,&nbsp;Qi Zhou,&nbsp;Chenchen Feng","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07064-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07064-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Water electrolysis is a crucial technology for renewable energy conversion and storage, yet its progress is hindered by high overpotentials. The development of cost-effective, stable, non-precious metal catalysts with high activity is essential. In this study, a 3D flower-like NiCo-layered double hydroxide (LDH) structure is synthesized via a hydrothermal method, followed by Fe³⁺ doping through FeCl₃6H₂O etching to produce Fe-doped NiCo-LDH (NCF-LDH). Under alkaline conditions, the NCF-LDH electrode demonstrates remarkable electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), attaining low overpotential of 263 mV at the current density of 50 mA cm^− 2 and a Tafel slope of 71.9 mV dec^− 1, accompanied by exceptional operational stability. The enhanced catalytic performance results from the synergistic effects of the 3D flower-like architecture, which provides a large specific surface area, exposing abundant active sites and promoting efficient charge transfer. Additionally, the Fe³⁺ induced lattice distortion and generation of vacancies disrupt the atomic arrangement, creating defect-rich sites that enhance OER activity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 4","pages":"4393 - 4405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the mechanism of ferrocene modification in tuning selectivity and stability of Cu-MOFs for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to multicarbon products","authors":"Yufei Yan,&nbsp;Yuanxing Huang,&nbsp;Jing Yang,&nbsp;Liang Li","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07065-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07065-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cu-based materials show great potential in electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction due to their excellent ability to produce C₂₊ products. Among them, Cu-based metal-organic framework (MOF) materials have gained widespread attention because of their highly tunable structures. However, the poor conductivity and stability of MOF materials in electrocatalysis are significant barriers to large-scale CO₂ conversion. To overcome these challenges, this study used a simple and scalable one-pot method to incorporate the electron-rich ligand 1,1’-Ferrocenedicarboxylic acid (Fc) into Cu-BTC (1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid). This approach regulated the local electron density near the metal center and lowered the energy barrier for C-C coupling, which increased the selectivity for C₂₊ products. In the KHCO₃ buffer system, the Faradaic efficiency of C₂₊ products (FE_C2+) under Cu-BTC-Fc _(0.2) catalysis reached 55% at -1.05 V (vs. RHE), significantly higher than unmodified Cu-BTC. Meanwhile, the KCl non-buffered system suppressed hydrogen evolution, thereby improving the selectivity for the single C₂₊ product ethylene. Additionally, comparing the catalyst’s properties before and after electrochemical polarization shows that the elemental composition and crystal structure of Cu-BTC-Fc_(x) remained relatively unchanged, and the valence state of copper ions kept stable during the reaction. This suggests that the material demonstrated high electrocatalytic activity and excellent electrochemical stability, which could support the advancement and application of electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction technology.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 4","pages":"4485 - 4499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A facile throttle mechanism for vacuum systems: mitigating electrolyte vaporization and anode defects in prismatic li-ion battery formation","authors":"Gang Lv,&nbsp;Zhiwu Yan,&nbsp;Zongliang Wu,&nbsp;Qing Li,&nbsp;Lianghua Wen,&nbsp;Chao Wang,&nbsp;Dengfeng Huang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07038-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07038-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since the electrolyte is critical to determine the performance and price of a Li-ion battery, a simplified yet effective system for optimizing commercial Li-ion battery is thus proposed by integrating a throttle mechanism (5 holes, 0.1 mm each) into the vacuum line, which significantly reduces the electrolyte loss from approximately 60 g to about 5 g per cell, representing a 5% saving in electrolyte usage, by well controlling its vapor flow. Furthermore, it avoids the formation of blackspots and lithium plating in anode. The implementation is estimated to yield annual cost savings of approximately USD 0.65 million per production line, alongside environmental benefits from the reduced electrolyte waste. The battery performance remains uncompromised, confirming the industrial viability of this strategy for cost-efficient and sustainable battery manufacturing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 4","pages":"4139 - 4145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sol-gel synthesis and electrochemical studies of magnesium-doped lithium cobalt phosphate nanoparticles for water electrocatalysis","authors":"Mehwish Huma Nasir,&nbsp;Farah Abbas,&nbsp;Muhammad Asim,&nbsp;Akbar Hussain,&nbsp;Sadia Kanwal,&nbsp;Tehmeena Maryum Butt,&nbsp;Nasima Arshad,&nbsp;Arshad Mahmood,&nbsp;Muhammad Yasir,&nbsp;Naveed Kausar Janjua","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07029-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07029-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Olivine phosphates present a new class of nanomaterials as special electrocatalysts in water splitting. Single-phase orthorhombic lithium cobalt phosphate and its magnesium-doped analogues (LCMPs) were successfully synthesized using the non-aqueous sol-gel method. All modified electrode materials illustrate the robust activity towards OER in basic medium. The OER crossover (with capacitive peak) in the KOH medium is observed and is being reported for the first time. The crossover peak currents decrease with the scan rate and nearly diminish with methanol addition. Among all LMCPs, LCMP-2 proved to be the optimal material with average crystallite size of 34.3 nm, remains stable during the stability test for six hours and showing hiked catalytic behavior as evidenced by the lower overpotential of 0.76 V, onset potential of 0.72 V, low charge transfer resistance of 267.7 Ω, and inherently high peak current density of 110 mA/cm².</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 4","pages":"4439 - 4453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and deep embedding clustering rapid grouping of retired lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Luigi d’Apolito,&nbsp;Rixin Tong,&nbsp;Hanchi Hong,&nbsp;Yong Yang,&nbsp;Shuiwen Shen","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07008-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07008-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mass production of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles will result in a large volume of retired batteries requiring recycling or reuse for less demanding applications. In the sorting process of decommissioned batteries for reuse, methods based on time consuming tests become unsuitable when a large number of batteries are processed. In this study, a new method for rapid sorting of retired batteries, based on parameters obtained from Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), is proposed. An EIS capacity prediction model, based on Extreme Gradient Boosting optimized by Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA-XGBoost), has been trained to rapidly forecast battery capacity. Distribution of Relaxation Times (DRT) and Distribution of Capacitive Times (DCT) were used to extract the relevant features from the medium-high and low frequencies of EIS, respectively, to construct a multi-dimensional features set. Deep Embedded Clustering (DEC), using the obtained features set, was employed to rapidly cluster a batch of retired ternary lithium batteries, stored at low state of charge. Battery performance consistency has been evaluated through comprehensive evaluation metrics, obtained from experiments employing differential capacity (ΔQ(V)) and incremental capacity (IC) curves. The overall consistency of the batteries improved by 51.07% in the comprehensive consistency indicator, compared to unsorted batteries. Moreover, the proposed method, compared to a method using only features obtained by Electrochemical Model (ECM) fitting, and another using only DRT based features, showed improvements of 36.87% and 37.06%, respectively, representing an interesting and promising way to pursue and promote the reuse of lithium-ion batteries.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 4","pages":"4147 - 4177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward practical room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries: material strategies, interface engineering, and future pathways","authors":"Yingfei Wen,&nbsp;Huizhen Hou,&nbsp;Longyu Liu,&nbsp;Gaoyue Liu,&nbsp;Qiqian Gao,&nbsp;Yonghui Zhang,&nbsp;Yingying Yang,&nbsp;Fei Xing","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07035-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07035-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries receive widespread attention due to their high theoretical energy density, low cost, and resource abundance. However, at room temperature, sodium-sulfur batteries face key challenges such as low cathode sulfur conversion efficiency, serious polysulfide shuttle effect, sodium anode dendrite growth, and poor electrolyte stability. To address these issues, extensive research has been devoted to the design of functional materials aimed at enhancing battery performance. This paper summarizes the working principle of room-temperature sodium-sulfur battery, elucidates the mechanisms by which these materials enhance sulfur utilization and suppress polysulfide diffusion. Finally, it discusses current challenges and future development directions, aiming to promote further performance enhancement of room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 4","pages":"3749 - 3769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fe-doped VSy (y = 2 or 4) for magnesium energy storage: improved conductivity, stability, and electrochemical performance","authors":"M. Alahmadi,&nbsp;Talaat A. Hameed,&nbsp;Engy El-Dek,&nbsp;Moukhtar A. Hassan,&nbsp;Ibrahim S. Yahia,&nbsp;M. M. El-Desoky,&nbsp;Eslam Sheha","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-06956-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-06956-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-performance magnesium (Mg) batteries require advanced electrode materials with improved conductivity, stability, and ion transport. In this study, iron (Fe)-doped vanadium disulfide (VSy@Fe) is synthesized via a one-step in-situ hydrothermal method with 5 at% Fe incorporation. Fe doping reduces the bandgap from 1.85 eV to 1.42 eV, enhances electrical conductivity by ~ 35%, and modifies the layered structure, promoting efficient Mg²⁺ diffusion. VSy@Fe delivers an initial discharge capacity of 210 mAh g⁻¹ at 50 mA g⁻¹, compared to 145 mAh g⁻¹ for pristine VSy, and retains 82% capacity after 100 cycles. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy reveal a decrease in charge transfer resistance from 78 Ω (VSy) to 32 Ω (VSy@Fe), confirming improved kinetics. Thermal stability is enhanced, with a 20 °C increase in decomposition temperature. In halogen-free electrolytes, VSy@Fe shows superior initial capacity retention, although prolonged cycling indicates partial ion transport limitations, suggesting further optimization is required. These findings highlight VSy@Fe as a promising cathode material for next-generation Mg-ion batteries with improved performance and stability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 4","pages":"4349 - 4365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-doped LiMn0.4Fe0.6PO4@C via two-step synthesis for advanced Li-Ion battery cathodes","authors":"Yuanlong Shi,&nbsp;Xida Li,&nbsp;Lijun Liu,&nbsp;Zhonglin Li,&nbsp;Jialong Shen,&nbsp;Jie Wang,&nbsp;Yingxinjie Wang,&nbsp;Jie Zhu,&nbsp;Yibing Li","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07069-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07069-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LiMn_xFe_1−xPO₄ (LMFP) suffers from low electronic conductivity and inferior electrochemical kinetics, limiting its practical application in lithium-ion batteries. This study proposes a cobalt doping strategy to modify LMFP nanoparticles via a two-step process, inducing lattice parameter reduction and lattice contraction to enhance the cathode material’s electrical conductivity and lithium ion diffusion coefficient. X-ray diffraction (XRD) refinement confirms successful incorporation of Co²⁺ into the LMFP lattice. The optimized 2% Co-doped sample (Co-D2) exhibited enhanced electronic conductivity (3.33 × 10^− 3 S/cm), improved Li⁺ diffusion coefficient, and reduced charge transfer resistance. Electrochemical tests showed Co-D2 delivered a reversible capacity of 158.76 mAh/g at 0.1 C, retained 108.39 mAh/g at 5 C, and maintained 91.21% capacity after 230 cycles at 1 C. This doping regulation strategy significantly enhances the rate performance and cycling stability of LMFP, opening a promising new pathway for high-performance cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 4","pages":"4035 - 4045"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}