Ionics最新文献

{"title":"Structural, optical, electrochemical, and ion transference characteristics of the PVA-based plasticized polymer composite electrolyte: LiI doped with plasticizer (D-sorbitol)","authors":"M. Sameeh, M. Khairy, M. A. Mousa","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05788-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05788-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High ionic conductivity polymer electrolytes are now of considerable interest due to their prospective uses in several electrochemical devices such as batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, and supercapacitors. Several approaches have been used to improve their ionic conductivity, including adding plasticizers, polymer blends, and nanocomposites. This work examined how the plasticizer D-sorbitol affected the ion transport in solid polymer electrolyte membranes made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) complexed with 30 wt% of LiI. The membranes were created with a D-sorbitol concentration of up to 55 wt% using the solution casting technique. The XRD structural study showed that the membranes’ amorphousness increased when the sorbitol content increased. The complexation between PVA and the additives was studied using UV–vis and FTIR analysis. Electric methods such as ac-impedance spectroscopy and linear sweep voltammetry were used to investigate the conductivity, decomposition voltage, ion transference number, dielectric constant (<b>ε′</b>), dielectric loss factor (<b>ε″</b>), and electric modulus (M) of the investigated membranes. The results indicated the interactions between LiI, PVA, and D-sorbitol plasticizer. The increase in D-sorbitol concentration affected the electrical properties and electrochemical stability window. The highest ionic transfer number value of 0.997 was obtained with 55 wt% of D-sorbitol at 30 °C. The UV–vis optical study revealed a direct allowed transition band with an optical energy gap decreased from 3.92 eV (for PL) to 3.82 eV (for PLS5).</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of charge estimation for lithium-ion batteries based on gate recurrent unit and unscented Kalman filtering","authors":"Chuanwei Zhang, Ting Wang, Meng Wei, Lin Qiao, Gaoqi Lian","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05811-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05811-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate and robust state of charge (SOC) estimation for lithium-ion batteries is crucial for battery management systems. In this study, we proposed an SOC estimation approach for lithium-ion batteries that integrates the gate recurrent unit (GRU) with the unscented Kalman filtering (UKF) algorithm. This integration aims to enhance the robustness of SOC estimation under complex working conditions and varying temperatures. The GRU neural network is employed to establish an offline training model, while the fusion of the UKF online estimation is utilized to obtain smooth SOC estimation results for lithium-ion batteries. This approach realized a closed-loop SOC estimation strategy. The 18,650 and 26,650 LiFePO₄ batteries were selected for experiments conducted under different charging and discharging conditions at operating temperatures of 10℃, 25℃, and 40 °C. The experiment verified the high accuracy and robustness of the proposed GRU and UKF fusion approach, with both the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean absolute error (MAE) maintained within 1%.</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the cryogenic treatment on the electrocatalytic performance of the active self-supporting nanoporous Pd–Ag catalyst with high-index facets’ preferred orientation","authors":"Jinrong Duan, Fang Si, Jiafen Wang, Linlin Lu, Jia Liu, Yanyan Song, Jiahui Mo, Jincui Yu, Jinlong Gao","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05798-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05798-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fuel cell is considered the best candidate power source because of its high energy conversion rate, large capacity, and zero emission. However, noble metal catalysts as a key core material have some problems, such as high cost and poor durability. Therefore, in this paper, the active self-supporting nanoporous Pd–Ag catalysts are successfully formed by cryogenic treatment and one-step dealloying treatment of Al-Pd–Ag ribbons. The surface of the catalyst ligaments shows a certain degree of preferred orientation for high-index facets (220) and (311). The results show that the activity and stability of the catalysts for methanol electrocatalytic oxidation are significantly improved under the synergistic effect of special configuration and promoter Ag. The electrocatalytic activity of the catalysts is about 9.7 and 15.2 times that of commercial Pt/C and commercial Pd/C catalysts, respectively. After 5000 s, the current density of the 1800 rpm-deep2 sample is 382.88 mA·mg⁻¹, which is about 14.1 times and 39.9 times that of commercial Pt/C catalyst and commercial Pd/C catalyst.</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excellent electrochemical properties of Mn3O4 cathode materials synthesized with the assistance of CTAB surfactant","authors":"Yanhong Zhao, Wei Zhang, Congshuang Li, Fushun Xu","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05814-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05814-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrode materials are important indicators for evaluating the performance of electrochemical capacitors, and designing nanostructured materials with high specific capacitance and excellent cycling stability performance is an important way to enhance the performance of supercapacitors. In this study, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as a cationic surfactant, and flower cluster-like Mn₃O₄ particles were prepared by the vesicle soft template method, and different concentrations of CTAB were set in order to investigate its effect on the formation and electrical properties of Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles. Physical and electrochemical characterization was carried out using various means such as XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, CV, EIS, and GCD. The results show that the Mn₃O₄ electrode material exhibits a higher specific capacitance of 261 F/g in 1 M Na₂SO₄ electrolyte when the current density is 0.5 A/g and still maintains 253 F/g when the current density is increased to 10 A/g. Excellent capacitance retention is observed after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 5 A/g (up to 93%). In addition, a Mn₃O₄//AC asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was assembled using Mn₃O₄ as the positive electrode and commercially available activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode, and the device provided a maximum energy density of 30.56 Wh/kg at 452.74 W/kg.</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of eco-friendly biopolymer electrolyte, K-carrageenan with zinc nitrate hexahydrate salt, for application in electrochemical devices","authors":"K. Yoghananthan, P. N. Palanisamy, S. Selvasekarapandian, S. Kamatchi Devi","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05786-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05786-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>K-carrageenan and various concentrations of zinc nitrate hexahydrate have been combined to develop a zinc ion-conducting biopolymer electrolyte membrane using the solution casting method. To examine the amorphous nature of the samples, X-ray diffraction (XRD) study has been used. The maximum amorphous nature is observed for 1 g K-carrageenan with 1.1 M. wt % of zinc nitrate hexahydrate biopolymer membrane. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) investigations have shown that the complexation occurs between the K-carrageenan with zinc nitrate hexahydrate. Surface morphology of Pure K-carrageenan, 1 g K-carrageenan with 1.1 M.wt % of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 1 g K-carrageenan with 1.2 M.wt % of zinc nitrate hexahydrate have been studied by SEM analysis. Pure K-carrageenan membrane (SEM) has uniform surface with uniform small pores. 1 g K-carrageenan with 1.1 M.wt % of zinc nitrate hexahydrate membrane (SEM) shows rectangular rod-shaped nature along with pores of moderate diameter. 1 g K-carrageenan with 1.2 M.wt % of zinc nitrate hexahydrate membrane SEM shows rectangular rod-shaped nature along with pores of moderate diameter and aggregates. For the zinc-doped biopolymer membrane samples, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is used to determine the glass transition temperature. Pure K-carrageenan has got T_g value at 37.04 °C. When the salt concentration is increased upto 0.9 M.wt % of the T_g value increases. When the salt concentration is further increased upto 1.1 M.wt % of the T_g value decreases. Highest zinc ion conducting membrane has got a T_g value of 75.95 °C. According to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the 1 g K-carrageenan with 1.1 M. wt % of zinc nitrate hexahydrate membrane has highest zinc ion conductivity of 2.9 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹. According to the linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) investigation, the 1 g K-carrageenan with 1.1 M. wt % of zinc nitrate hexahydrate membrane has shown a wide electrochemical stability window of 2.75 V. The Evans polarization method determined that Zn²⁺ ion has a transference number of 0.42. The cyclic stability of highest conducting biopolymer membrane (Zn²⁺ ion) is studied by Cyclic Voltammetry. The electrolyte used in the construction of the primary zinc battery is 1 g K-carrageenan with 1.1 M. wt % of zinc nitrate hexahydrate having highest zinc ion conductivity. For this built-in battery, the OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) is found to be 1.43 V.</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal oxide nanomaterial-modified ion-selective electrodes for detection of NH4+ in aquaponic systems: electrochemical analyses, characterization, and sensing mechanism","authors":"Nguyen Thi Dieu Thuy, Yu Han, Xiaochan Wang, Guo Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05799-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05799-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Potentiometric NH₄⁺ sensors were developed by modification of ion-selective electrodes with different metal oxide nanomaterials forming solid-contact layers, including titania (TiO₂), manganese dioxide (MnO₂), and stannic oxide (SnO₂). A potentiometric method was used to determine the basic analytical parameters of the sensors. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and water layer tests were used to evaluate the electrochemical features of the electrodes. The results for the modified metal oxides and unmodified electrodes were compared, and the effectiveness of each material as a solid-contact layer on the electrode was evaluated. The best results were found for an electrode with a solid-contact layer of SnO₂ nanomaterial (GCE/SnO₂/NH₄⁺-ISM). The GCE/SnO₂/NH₄⁺-ISM electrode displayed a selective and fast response to NH₄⁺ ions (4.8 s) during the potential measurements. In this case, a slope of 47.17 mV/decade (<i>R</i> = 0.99), a linearity range of 1 × 10⁻⁷–1 × 10⁻² M, and a limit of detection of 1.18 × 10⁻⁸ M were obtained. This electrode exhibited good reproducibility, a high potential response, and stability, making it an attractive alternative for the development of effective SC-ISEs to detect NH₄⁺ in aquaponic nutrient solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous identification of several Helicobacter pylori virulence factors based on chitosan@ionic liquid and graphitic carbon nitride modified glassy carbon microspheres ionic liquid paste electrode","authors":"Wenli Qiao, Zhen Zhang, Xiying Tang, Mengjun Chang, Le Guo, Xinsheng Liu, Yonghong Li","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05804-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05804-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) can cause a variety of gastric diseases, such as chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia, and eventually lead to gastric cancer. Therefore, it is crucial to achieve early diagnosis of <i>H. pylori</i>. The biosensing platform was constructed for Epitope Vaccine against Four Virulence Proteins from <i>H. pylori</i> (FVpE) based on chitosan (CS)@ionic liquid (IL) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) modified glassy carbon microspheres ionic liquid paste electrode. The results showed that the substrate electrode had good electrical conductivity, which could amplify the response signal and improve the detection sensitivity. The developed immunosensor exhibited good immunoreactivity for <i>H. pylori</i> antibodies with wide linear range (0.05–5 ng mL⁻¹) and low detection limit (0.01 ng mL⁻¹). In addition, the electrochemical immunosensor presented quick response, high sensitivity, good specificity, and stability. The immunosensor could be used to detect <i>H. pylori</i> in serum samples with recoveries between 99 and 112%. It can provide a theoretical basis for the development of label-free electrochemical <i>H. pylori</i> immunosensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"206 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing oxygen distribution in proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on modified gas diffusion layer designs: a comparative study","authors":"Cam Tu Ngo, Ba Hieu Nguyen, Hyun Chul Kim","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05809-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05809-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study analyzes new artificial changes in innovative gas diffusion layers (GDLs) to maximize the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Specifically, a new perforated grooved uniform gas diffusion layer (PG-GDL) is used to improve the water drainage and oxygen transport using three-dimensional modeling and simulations of a single-channel PEMFC. Comparative analyses are performed between the different perforated GDLs and the conventional GDLs using groove depth inside a PG-GDL. Findings show that the uniform grooved shape in the PG-GDL produces a more uniform oxygen flow and distribution with an overall improvement in the PEMFC performance. Our study shows that the appropriate GDL design should be obtained to optimize the PEMFC performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"g-C3N4@COF heterojunction filler for polymer electrolytes enables fast Li+ transport and high mechanical strength","authors":"Yongbiao Liu, Yang Song, Yongshang Zhang, Jiande Liu, Lin Li, Linsen Zhang, Lulu Du","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05796-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05796-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) show great promise for high-energy and high-safety lithium metal batteries. However, current SPEs suffer from low ionic conductivity and poor mechanical strength. Herein, the g-C₃N₄@COF heterojunction filler is constructed for SPEs for fast Li⁺ transport and high Li⁺ transference number. In addition, a robust 3D network is fabricated by using g-C₃N₄@COF heterojunction filler in order to further improve the mechanical robustness and electrochemical stability. As a consequence, the g-C₃N₄@COF-3D network/polymer electrolyte displays an ionic conductivity of 1.25×10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ at 30 ℃, an electrochemical window of 5.0 V and the tensile strength of 8.613 MPa. Furthermore, the assembled LiFePO₄//Li battery with the g-C₃N₄@COF-3D network/polymer electrolyte presents remarkable cycling stability with a capacity retention of 99.71% after 600 cycles. The above results indicate the great potential of the g-C₃N₄@COF-3D network/polymer electrolyte for advanced energy storage devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gradient hydrophobicity and thickness regulation treatment of stacked microporous layers to improve proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance","authors":"Haihang Zhang, Haiming Chen, Juyuan Dong, Chongxue Zhao, Weimin Yang, Guangyi Lin","doi":"10.1007/s11581-024-05817-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05817-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, based on the principle of gradient aperture, a cathode gas diffusion layer with three microporous layers was prepared using conductive carbon black with three different particle sizes. The thickness of the microporous layers was studied, and a gradient hydrophobic structure was designed. The purpose was to maximize the output performance of the cell by adjusting the preparation parameters of the microporous layers. The physical and electrochemical properties of each sample showed that the change in micropore layer thickness redistributed the pore size distribution of the gas diffusion layer, especially increasing the number of pore sizes in the range of 20–40 µm. They improved the liquid water transport capacity of the gas diffusion layer at high current density. The gradient hydrophobic structure of the microporous layer promoted the cathode gas diffusion layer to expel liquid water in time and ensure the oxygen supply. The results showed that when the microporous layer thickness was 60 µm. The hydrophobic agent content in the three microporous layers was 10 wt%, 20 wt%, and 30 wt%, respectively, the limiting power densities of 0.883, 0.916, and 0.863 W/cm² could be achieved under the three humidity conditions of 40%, 60%, and 100%, respectively. The limiting power density increased by 17.1%, 12.0%, and 18.1%, respectively, compared with the samples with the same optimal thickness but no gradient hydrophobic structure.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}