Ionics最新文献

{"title":"Optimization of lithium-ion battery performance using silicon-based composite nanomaterials","authors":"Zhiqi Li,&nbsp;Yan Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07388-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07388-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The utilization of anode materials in lithium-ion batteries is constrained by their weak interface stability and fast capacity degradation, thereby limiting the development of high-energy-density battery applications. This work prepares silicon-based composite nanomaterials with a “silicon core–carbon buffer layer–titanium dioxide coating layer” structure through an in-situ composite process and pairs them with a water-based binder to optimize the performance of silicon-based anodes. Microscopic characterization shows that the process successfully constructs the target core–shell structure. The silicon crystal integrity is maintained, the materials are well-dispersed, and the interface bonding is tight. Meanwhile, the materials exhibit excellent thermal stability and strong interface adhesion. Electrochemical testing indicates that the initial discharge capacity at 0.1 C achieves 1850 mAh/g, and the capacity remains at 88.6% following 140 cycles. Under high-rate conversion, the capacity recovery reaches 96.2%. The stability of the solid electrolyte interphase film and the efficiency of lithium-ion transport are remarkable, effectively addressing the performance constraints of conventional silicon-based materials. In summary, the prepared silicon-based composite anode combines structural stability with electrochemical advantages, offering a practical approach for advancing high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries and showing significant potential for future applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 10","pages":"10953 - 10967"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hollow nanostructured ternary oxide composites: design principles and performance in energy storage applications","authors":"Harshiny Muthukumar,&nbsp;Nivedhini Iswarya Chandrasekaran,&nbsp;Aaarti Balasubramanian,&nbsp;Deekshitha Praveen Shankar,&nbsp;Thavasilingam Kannan,&nbsp;Perumal Asaithambi","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07408-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07408-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rising need for renewable energy has raised the necessity for optimized energy storage setups. Traditional batteries and supercapacitors have limitations in balancing superior energy density, fast power delivery, durability, and long-term stability. Two strategies are mentioned in this review: Hollow Nanostructures (HSNs) and Triple Oxide Composites (TOCs). HSNs have internal cavities and shells which effectively decelerate the large-scale volume expansion (e.g. &gt;200%), repress the ion diffusion routes (&lt; 10^− 13 cm²/s) and enable high cyclability (&gt; 90% capacity retention following 500 cycles). TOCs, such as Ni–Co– MnO₄ and Mn–Co–Fe₃O₄ on the contrary, add a series of redox couples (Co²⁺/Co³⁺, Mn³⁺/Mn⁴⁺, Ni²⁺/Ni³⁺), which increase the intrinsic electronic conductivity and the integrity of the lattice. A hybrid architecture (HSN-TOC) that integrates the structural flexibility of HSNs with the redox diversity of TOCs has already shown exceptional electrochemical performance with capacities of over 1000 mAh g⁻¹ in Li-ion and over 600 F g⁻¹ in supercapacitors. This integration helps balance high energy density and power density, whereas it improves safety, lifespan, and environmental sustainability. This review highlights progresses, current challenges, and the scalability of HSN–TOC hybrids for sustainable energy storage technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 10","pages":"10407 - 10430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ball-milled few-layer Ti3C2Tx MXene as a multifunctional additive for constructing robust conductive networks in Li1.2Mn0.4Ti0.4O2 rock-salt cathodes","authors":"Yu Yan,&nbsp;Xiaofei Sun,&nbsp;Shiyu Yin,&nbsp;Qing Chang,&nbsp;Jie Huang,&nbsp;Bei Wang,&nbsp;Qinyuan Le,&nbsp;Guodong Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07420-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07420-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cation-disordered rocksalt (DRX) cathodes have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage due to their high theoretical capacity and reliance on earth-abundant elements. However, their practical implementation is severely limited by inherently sluggish electrical conductivity and restricted Li⁺ diffusion. In this study, we propose a facile structural engineering strategy by incorporating few-layer Ti₃C₂T_x MXene, prepared via ball-milling, as a multifunctional conductive additive for Li_1.2Mn_0.4Ti_0.4O₂ DRX cathodes. By synergistically coupling 2D MXene nanosheets with conventional 0D carbon black, a robust hierarchical “point-to-surface” conductive network is successfully constructed. Systematic electrochemical characterizations reveal that optimal MXene integration not only serves as a physical protective barrier but also provides accessible sites for transient lithium-ion storage, thereby collectively accelerating Li⁺/electron transport and mitigating interfacial polarization. Consequently, the optimized composite electrode with 20% MXene additive delivers a remarkably high initial discharge capacity of 203.7 mAh g^− 1 at 0.1 C, substantially outperforming the pristine electrode (165.2 mAh g^− 1), alongside markedly superior rate capability and structural reversibility. This work provides critical mechanistic insights into MXene-mediated modifications and offers a sustainable pathway for the design of high-performance Mn-based DRX cathodes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 10","pages":"10899 - 10917"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy management strategy for PEMFC hybrid power system based on INRBO-fuzzy control","authors":"Jun Zhao,&nbsp;Hang Shang,&nbsp;Yongpeng Shen,&nbsp;Pu Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoliang Yang,&nbsp;Zhiwei Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07418-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07418-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At present, three critical problems exist in the energy management system of proton exchange membrane fuel cell / lithium-ion battery hybrid systems. First, the system fails to adapt to complicated and variable vehicle driving conditions. Second, the system cannot achieve optimal power distribution rapidly. Third, the system still cannot balance the reduction of hydrogen consumption, the suppression of power fluctuations and the stabilization of the state of charge (SOC) of lithium-ion batteries. To address the above problems, a multi-objective fuzzy energy management strategy based on an Improved Newton-Raphson Based Optimization (INRBO) algorithm is proposed in this paper. The INRBO algorithm is an improved version of the NRBO algorithm presented in this study. Three improvements are implemented in this algorithm. Chaotic mapping is used in initialization to expand the solution space coverage. An adaptive exploration-exploitation balance strategy is designed for dynamic search intensity adjustment. A stagnation detection and perturbation mechanism is introduced to escape local optima. The membership functions of the fuzzy logic controller are optimized offline with the INRBO algorithm in this paper. The comprehensive objectives of minimizing equivalent hydrogen consumption, suppressing PEMFC power fluctuations and stabilizing the SOC of lithium-ion batteries are realized by applying the INRBO fuzzy energy management strategy. The INRBO algorithm is compared with five high-performance intelligent algorithms under static and dynamic conditions with different training durations. The INRBO-fuzzy energy management strategy is compared with two classical energy management strategies under the China Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle-Passenger (CLTC-P). Simulation results show that INRBO is characterized by fast convergence speed and high optimization accuracy. Under the CLTC-P driving cycle, the proposed INRBO-fuzzy control strategy achieves rapid optimal power distribution, consequently reducing hydrogen consumption, smoothing power fluctuations of the PEMFC, and stabilizing the state of charge of the lithium-ion battery. Specifically, compared with the power-following strategy, the proposed strategy reduces total equivalent hydrogen consumption by 31.44% and decreases the standard deviation of PEMFC output power by 19.96%. Compared with the expert-experience-based fuzzy control strategy, it achieves additional reductions of 13.35% in hydrogen consumption and 20.62% in power standard deviation. The lithium-ion battery SOC is maintained within the range of 0.67 to 0.85, ensuring safe and stable operation without overcharging or over-discharging.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 10","pages":"10919 - 10937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remaining useful life prediction of lithium-ion batteries based on sequence decomposition and improved itransformer","authors":"Rongjie Lai,&nbsp;Haigen Wu,&nbsp;Feiyang Jiang,&nbsp;Yongli Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07403-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07403-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurately predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) is essential for the safe use of lithium batteries. However, achieving accurate RUL prediction remains highly challenging due to the complexities of degradation mechanisms and the impact of operational noise, particularly the capacity regeneration phenomenon. Consequently, we propose a model based on sequence decomposition and improved iTransformer for predicting the RUL of lithium-ion batteries. Initially, battery capacity is selected as the health indicator, and Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (ICEEMDAN) is applied to decompose the degradation data into multi-scale components. Subsequently, the multi order Kolmogorov-Arnold network (MKAN) module is integrated to capture the nonlinear patterns of capacity regeneration. This is followed by the multi-head differential attention iTransformer, which amplifies attention to the relevant context while canceling noise. Specifically, the differential attention mechanism calculates the attention scores as the difference between two separate softmax attention maps, promoting a more focused feature representation. The method’s effectiveness is confirmed through experiments conducted on the public datasets from NASA, CALCE and Wenzhou. The results indicate that the proposed method achieves a maximum MAE of no more than 1.5% and a maximum RMSE of no more than 2% across three publicly available datasets, demonstrating improved accuracy and stability in RUL estimation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 10","pages":"10871 - 10887"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ preparation of an ultra-low Au loading self-supporting catalyst: application in acidic hydrogen production","authors":"Xiao-Fan Yang,&nbsp;Yan Yan,&nbsp;Yu-Xin Bai,&nbsp;Zhan-Hong Cao,&nbsp;Ting-Ting Liu,&nbsp;Xiao-Lan Ge","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07409-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07409-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The viable commercial application of electrocatalysis requires a simple, scalable and cost-effective catalyst preparation that delivers stability and high catalytic activity. This study has established an in situ synthesis of an ultra-low gold (Au) loading, self-supporting catalyst, which is used to promote the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media. The electrodes were fabricated using a drop-coating process, in which self-supporting catalyst precursor solutions were directly deposited on graphite substrates. The resultant catalysts exhibit an ultra-low Au loading without the use of binders or conductive additives. Enhanced electrocatalytic performance is associated with structural defects, and catalyst stability is demonstrated in HER testing. The synthesized catalysts exhibited stable operation in tests exceeding 24 h, supporting further evaluation for practical applications.</p><p><b>Trial registration number:</b> Not applicable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 10","pages":"10889 - 10897"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cathode material from spent LiFePO4 electric vehicle batteries reused as a photo-Fenton catalyst and a pseudocapacitor","authors":"Marcela C. Chaves,&nbsp;Edson L. D. Coelho,&nbsp;Ruan O. Alves,&nbsp;Antonio A. L. Marins,&nbsp;Maria F. F. Lelis,&nbsp;Marcos B. J. G. Freitas","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07399-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07399-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the reuse of cathode material from spent LiFePO₄ batteries as a heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst and pseudocapacitor. Characterization revealed the presence of LiFePO₄ phases, FePO₄, carbon, and polyvinylidene fluoride. The material exhibited a specific surface area of 24 m² g^− 1 and a mesoporous structure with particle agglomeration. As a photocatalyst in the photo-Fenton process, the material achieved 96% decolorization of methylene blue under UV-Vis radiation within 30 min over four cycles. Treated solutions contained Fe, Ni, Cu, Co, Mn, and Al ions at concentrations below the regulatory limits established by CONAMA Resolution No. 430/2011. Li is not regulated under this resolution. When applied as a pseudocapacitor, the material achieved up to 500 charge–discharge cycles at a current density of 1 A g^− 1. The specific capacitance was 113 F g^− 1, with 73.98% retention. The energy density was 46.99 Wh kg^− 1, and the power density 850.0 W kg^− 1.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 10","pages":"10799 - 10817"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11581-026-07399-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of cobalt-zinc bimetallic selenide for high performance supercapacitor and hydrogen evolution reaction applications","authors":"Xiancai Zeng,&nbsp;Meng Guo,&nbsp;Yan Xue,&nbsp;Yujie Chen,&nbsp;Xiuwen Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07417-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07417-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pursuit of high-performance electrode materials for water splitting and supercapacitors is propelled by the energy crisis and the demand for sustainable energy conversion and storage. Transition metal selenides, particularly bimetallic selenides, show promise for these applications due to their superior electrical conductivity, rich redox properties, and tunable electronic structures compared to their monometallic counterparts. Herein, a series of cobalt-zinc bimetallic selenide (ZSCS) electrode materials was facilely prepared using a solvothermal approach. The optimized ZSCS-2 electrode delivers a high capacitance of 707.5 F g^− 1 (1 A g^− 1), with 58.3% rate retention (15 A g^− 1), low R_s (0.55 Ω) and R_ct (0.16 Ω), and 83.4% cycling retention over 5000 cycles at 10 A g^− 1 in a three-electrode system. Moreover, its asymmetric supercapacitor with rGO achieves 33.3 Wh kg^− 1 at 0.8 kW kg^− 1. As a hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst, the ZSCS-2 nanocomposite requires a low 131 mV overpotential at 10 mA cm^− 2, where it achieves a Tafel slope of 122 mV dec^− 1 and displays good stability for 24 h. This work offers a compelling approach for developing advanced electrode materials toward high-performance supercapacitors and efficient water splitting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 10","pages":"10819 - 10831"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen vacancy-enriched V-doped β-MnO2 as cathode for lithium primary batteries","authors":"Tao Chen,&nbsp;Zhiyong Yu,&nbsp;Guanghui Bi,&nbsp;Hanxing Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07401-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07401-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a promising cathode material for Li/MnO₂ primary batteries, β‑MnO₂ suffers from sluggish ion diffusion kinetics and limited high‑rate capability. Vanadium doping is herein proposed to tune its crystal structure and electrochemical performance. Hollow porous V-doped β‑MnO₂ microspheres rich in oxygen vacancies were synthesized via a hydrothermal route combined with two-step calcination. Structural characterizations reveal that 2% V doping maintains the intrinsic crystal phase of β-MnO₂ while simultaneously triggering lattice expansion, enlarging the specific surface area and generating abundant oxygen vacancies. Four-probe electrical measurements and GITT confirm the enhanced electronic conductivity and Li⁺ ionic transport in V-modified β-MnO₂, respectively. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the 2%V-MnO₂ cathode exhibits discharge capacities of 249.1 mAh g^− 1 at 0.1 C and 223.3 mAh g^− 1 at 1 C, corresponding to a capacity retention of 89.6%. Such electrochemical performance surpasses that of pristine MnO₂ and 4%V-MnO₂ samples. High-temperature aging storage experiments verify that moderate V doping significantly suppresses self-discharge and improves the long-term shelf stability of the battery. DFT calculations elucidate that V doping lowers oxygen vacancy formation energy and narrows band gap of β-MnO₂. This study demonstrates that moderate V doping combined with the hollow porous structure can synergistically accelerate electron transport and ion diffusion kinetics of β-MnO₂, providing a feasible pathway for developing high-power cathode materials for Li/MnO₂ primary batteries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 10","pages":"10843 - 10854"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CuO@GCN nanocomposite modified SPCE for sensitive and selective detection of caffeine","authors":"Ali Hyder,&nbsp;Muhammad Balal Arain,&nbsp;Jameel Ahmed Baig,&nbsp;Mustafa Soylak","doi":"10.1007/s11581-026-07412-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11581-026-07412-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), a naturally occurring alkaloid extensively consumed worldwide, and its excessive consumption is associated with adverse physiological responses including insomnia, cardiovascular stress, and anxiety disorders. This study is designed to develop an electrochemical based approach for the quantitative analysis of caffeine in real samples. Graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO) synthesized by pyrolysis approach and co-precipitation method, respectively. Then graphitic carbon nitride-based <b>c</b>opper oxide nanocomposite (CuO@GCN NC) was synthesized by hydrothermal process. The successfully synthesis and nanostructure of CuO-GCN NC was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The heterostructured CuO@GCN loaded on surface of screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) provided abundant electroactive sites and promoted rapid interfacial electron transfer, resulting in enhanced electrochemical performance toward caffeine oxidation. A linear calibration plot was obtained for caffeine detection in phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.0 over the concentration range of 0.5–90 µM. The CuO@GCN/SPCE sensor showed a sensitivity of 0.11 µA µM^− 1. The limit of detection was calculated using the equation LOD = 3σ/S, where σ and S represents the standard deviation and slope of the calibration curve. Based on this method, the detection limit (LOD) was found to be 0.017 µM. The developed method showed excellent stability and reproducibility with RSD of less than 5%. These findings demonstrate that the CuO@GCN/SPCE provides a simple, cost-effective, and reliable electrochemical sensing platform with significant potential for routine food quality monitoring and real-time caffeine analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":599,"journal":{"name":"Ionics","volume":"32 10","pages":"10771 - 10783"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}