International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing CNC machining: naive bayes classifier for achieving chatter-free stable turning","authors":"Pankaj Gupta,&nbsp;Ali B. M. Ali,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Alamiery,&nbsp;Aseel Smerat,&nbsp;Wahaj Ahmad Khan","doi":"10.1186/s40712-026-00472-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40712-026-00472-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a novel data-driven framework for chatter detection and classification in CNC turning using microphone-based acoustic signal acquisition. Chatter is an unwanted self-excited vibration that is a major source of poor surface finish and reduces tool life. The framework integrates a structured preprocessing pipeline (Butterworth filtering, clipping, smoothing, and min–max scaling), Local Mean Decomposition (LMD) for signal decomposition, multi-algorithm feature ranking (Chi-square, ReliefF, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction, and probabilistic Naive Bayes classification; a combination not previously reported for CNC turning chatter detection. The study analytically discusses these methods, which entail signal preprocessing, feature extraction, dimensionality reduction, and classification. Experiments were conducted on a CNC lathe where a microphone-based acquisition system was used to collect chatter signals. Preprocessing of the recorded vibration signals was performed in a series of filters, clipping, smoothing, and scaling to reduce environment noise (transient perturbation) effects. Local Mean Decomposition (LMD) technique was used to break down the preprocessed signals into a set of Product Functions (PFs). Based on the chatter signal (reconstructed) which is made up of the most dominant PFs, several statistical features were obtained. As it was observed that some of the extracted features were redundant, the dimensionality reduction was conducted with the help of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and the ranking of features was carried out with the help of Chi-square (Chi²), Relief, ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis algorithms. The most notable characteristic was identified as the Absolute Mean Amplitude (AMA) and was used to classify the Chatter Indicator (CI). In the case of chatter classification, Gaussian Naive Bayes and Kernel Naive Bayes models were carried out and tested. Lastly, further experimental studies were carried out to ascertain the strength and forecasting of the suggested methodology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40712-026-00472-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and development of automobile brake components using near net shape manufacturing techniques","authors":"Tunde Basit Adeleke,&nbsp;Oludolapo Akanni Olanrewaju,&nbsp;Morakinyo Kehinde Onifade,&nbsp;Kenneth Chiwendu Joshua","doi":"10.1186/s40712-026-00469-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40712-026-00469-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study focuses on the creation of automobile brake parts (a brake disc and a brake wheel cylinder) through the near net shape manufacturing methods. They were modeled in SolidWorks and the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was used to simulate mechanical and thermal performance of each component under realistic braking conditions. Ductile iron was used to test brake disc on stress distribution and thermal loading. SolidWorks® Simulation was also utilized on the wheel cylinder of Aluminium Alloy 6063 to determine its structural integrity under internal hydraulic pressure. The wheel cylinder was made by near net shape sand casting which did not necessitate much machining. Hardness and corrosion resistance tests were performed to test the performance of the material and the results were compared to the OEM specifications. The rate of corrosion was a little more in aluminium but its resistance to localized corrosion and oxidation is ideal in tropical climate. Simulation findings suggest the ductile iron discs can work safely with the stress limits with the simulated braking forces, whilst the aluminium wheel cylinder has enough stiffness and low deformation under the hydraulic loading. The results show that both the components, when manufactured with the local materials and casting systems, are able to achieve the necessary performance requirements related to functionality, indicating the possible realization of indigenous manufacturing of the most important automotive systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40712-026-00469-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigation of protection issues arising due to solar PV connected systems: a comprehensive review","authors":"Krupal Pawar,&nbsp;Vasudha Patil,&nbsp;Janardhan Bhor","doi":"10.1186/s40712-026-00467-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40712-026-00467-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A thorough study is presented here that investigates the complicated protection concerns that develop when solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are linked to existing power grids. The report also gives specific mitigation measures that may be used to overcome these issues. The integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems presents a number of issues that are not found in other systems, including defect detection, power quality management, system stability maintenance, and protection coordination. The purpose of this paper is to provide power system engineers, researchers, and utility operators with practical solutions to ensure the reliable and safe operation of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. These solutions are provided through a rigorous analysis of current research along with industry practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40712-026-00467-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process–structure–property relationships in lightweight alloys (Al & Ti) under L-PBF: from defect formation to intelligent design","authors":"Anton Alekseevich Naumov,&nbsp;Oleg Vladislavovich Panchenko,&nbsp;Seyed Vahid Safi,&nbsp;Aleksei Aleksandrovich Boychenko","doi":"10.1186/s40712-026-00477-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40712-026-00477-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Additive manufacturing of lightweight metallic alloys, particularly aluminum- and titanium-based systems, has emerged as a transformative approach for producing high-performance components with unprecedented design freedom. Among available technologies, laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) offers superior geometrical resolution and microstructural control; however, the successful processing of lightweight alloys remains constrained by fundamental challenges related to printability, defect formation, and microstructural heterogeneity. This review critically examines the process–structure–property relationships governing L-PBF fabrication of aluminum and titanium alloys, with a specific focus on the mechanisms of defect generation and their implications for mechanical performance.</p><p>First, the unique thermophysical characteristics of lightweight alloys—including high reflectivity, oxidation tendency, and rapid solidification kinetics—are analyzed in the context of melt pool dynamics and thermal gradients. Second, alloy-specific microstructural evolution is discussed, highlighting the formation of cellular structures in Al–Si systems and martensitic transformations in Ti–6Al–4 V, alongside their dependence on process parameters. Third, the dominant defect mechanisms, including lack-of-fusion porosity, keyhole-induced voids, hydrogen gas porosity, and hot cracking, are systematically compared between aluminum and titanium alloys, establishing clear cause–effect relationships between processing conditions and structural integrity.</p><p>Building upon these insights, the review integrates recent advances in computational modeling approaches—such as CALPHAD, phase-field simulations, and machine learning—to demonstrate how predictive frameworks can guide alloy design and process optimization. A cross-material comparison is further developed to identify critical differences and shared limitations in printability and performance. Finally, a unified design strategy is proposed, linking process control, alloy chemistry, and defect mitigation to enable the development of next-generation lightweight materials tailored for additive manufacturing.</p><p>This work provides a focused and analytical perspective that bridges fundamental mechanisms with practical design strategies, offering a roadmap for advancing lightweight alloy applications in aerospace, automotive, and energy sectors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40712-026-00477-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrospun PVDF/Fe-BTC nanofibers for ultrasound-driven piezocatalytic degradation of methylene blue","authors":"Asiyat Magomedova,&nbsp;Abdulatip  Shuaibov,&nbsp;Tatiana Pisarenko,&nbsp;Dinara Sobola,&nbsp;Farid Orudzhev","doi":"10.1186/s40712-026-00478-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40712-026-00478-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hybrid piezocatalytic membranes based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and Fe-BTC metal–organic framework was fabricated by electrospinning at different applied voltages (20 and 50 kV) to investigate structure–property–function relationships under ultrasonic activation. The incorporation of Fe-BTC significantly reduced the fiber diameter from the micrometer to the nanometer range and resulted in the formation of uniform nanofibrous networks with embedded MOF aggregates. Structural characterization by SEM, FTIR, XPS and DSC confirmed successful integration of Fe-BTC into the PVDF matrix while preserving the electroactive β-phase. The membrane produced at 20 kV exhibited a narrower fiber diameter distribution (100–300 nm) and higher crystallinity (41.6%) compared to the 50 kV sample (36.9%). Piezocatalytic performance was evaluated in the degradation of methylene blue under ultrasound irradiation (40 kHz, 120 W). The PVDF/Fe-BTC-20 membrane achieved 90.6% degradation within 60 min with an apparent rate constant of 0.040 min⁻¹, significantly outperforming both the 50 kV membrane (k = 0.026 min⁻¹) and sonolysis alone (k = 0.009 min⁻¹). Radical trapping experiments revealed that hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) are the dominant reactive species, while electrons and holes also contribute to the process and superoxide radicals play a secondary role. Piezoelectric nanogenerator measurements demonstrated an open-circuit voltage up to 12.6 V for the 20 kV membrane, directly correlating enhanced piezoelectric output with higher catalytic efficiency.</p><p>The improved performance is attributed to more efficient piezoelectric field generation, enhanced charge separation, and interfacial field modulation at the PVDF/Fe-BTC boundary. The developed MOF/polymer nanofibrous membranes represent a promising platform for ultrasound-driven water purification and expand the application scope of MOF-based composites into piezocatalysis.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40712-026-00478-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substrate-dependent morphology and raman response of InSe nanoparticles synthesized by laser ablation in liquid","authors":"Vagif Salmanov,&nbsp;Rovshan Mamedov,&nbsp;Ali Guseinov,&nbsp;Maarif Cafarov,&nbsp;Lamiya Balayeva,&nbsp;Aydan Khaligzade,&nbsp;Zeynab Addayeva,&nbsp;Aytan Aliyeva,&nbsp;Fidan Ahmadova","doi":"10.1186/s40712-026-00474-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40712-026-00474-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Indium selenide (InSe) nanoparticles were synthesized via pulsed laser ablation in liquid (LAL) by ablating a bulk InSe target in distilled water using a Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, ~ 10 ns, ~ 135 mJ, 10 Hz) for ~ 10 min, yielding a surfactant-free colloidal dispersion. A key aspect of this study is the systematic evaluation of substrate-dependent morphology and spectroscopic response, which has received limited attention for LAL-synthesized layered chalcogenides. The as-prepared colloid was drop-cast onto three substrates—carbon (C), quartz/glass, and crystalline silicon (Si)—to evaluate substrate-dependent morphology and spectroscopic visibility under identical preparation conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed granular nanoparticle layers with substrate-dependent aggregation and lateral size distributions in the approximately 60–220 nm range; the mean particle/aggregate sizes extracted from SEM statistics were ~ 129 nm (C), ~ 87 nm (quartz/glass), and ~ 107 nm (Si). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and elemental mapping confirmed the presence and spatial co-distribution of In and Se on all substrates, while C, Si, and O signals were attributed to substrate/background contributions and partial surface oxidation typical for thin dried nanoparticle films. Raman spectroscopy (633 nm excitation, 1800 lines/mm grating) provided phase-sensitive verification of the InSe vibrational fingerprint in the 100–260 cm⁻¹ region across the three substrates; a reproducible InSe band near approximately 253–254 cm⁻¹ was consistently observed, indicating preservation of InSe vibrational characteristics after LAL synthesis. UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy of the colloidal dispersion further confirmed the optical response of the LAL-synthesized InSe nanoparticles. These findings provide insight into substrate-dependent spectroscopic behavior of LAL-synthesized layered semiconductors and highlight the importance of substrate selection for reliable morphological and spectroscopic characterization.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40712-026-00474-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Ti addition on the microstructural, mechanical, magnetic, and Mössbauer spectroscopic properties of Ni–Fe–Ga Heusler alloys","authors":"Mehmet Ozer,&nbsp;Serdar Delice,&nbsp;Hakan Gungunes","doi":"10.1186/s40712-026-00483-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40712-026-00483-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although Ni–Fe–Ga-based alloys have been widely studied for their functional properties, previous works have primarily focused on stoichiometric or near-stoichiometric compositions, particularly in the form of ribbons, thin films, or rapidly solidified materials. Ti addition to these alloys has been explored only rarely and with a limited focus on their properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of Ti addition on the microstructure, mechanical, and magnetic properties of the alloys, as well as their Mössbauer spectroscopic behavior, which is reported here for the first time to the best of our knowledge. Hardness, elastic modulus, and ultimate compressive strength initially increased with the addition of 0.2 at% Ti to the base Ni–Fe–Ga alloy, and then decreased with 0.8 at% Ti addition. However, ductility improved by approximately 50% at this Ti content. Magnetization measurements under an external magnetic field revealed successive hysteresis loops with increasing Ti content. A very low coercivity value of 3.87 Oe was obtained for the base alloy, which further decreased with increasing Ti content. Mössbauer spectra of all alloys exhibited a sextet and two doublet components. The sextet, with a hyperfine magnetic field of approximately 33 T, was attributed to magnetically ordered Fe environments originating from different crystallographic or chemically distinct local surroundings. The paramagnetic contribution corresponding to the observed doublets was considered to arise from Fe atoms occupying Ga sites. Overall, the results demonstrate that Ti addition plays a crucial role in tailoring the structural, mechanical, and magnetic responses of Ni–Fe–Ga alloys, and provide new insight into their local atomic and magnetic environments through Mössbauer spectroscopy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40712-026-00483-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyvinyl chloride (PVC): modification, properties, industrial and diverse applications","authors":"Great Iruoghene Edo,&nbsp;Ali B. M. Ali,&nbsp;Ayomide Chike Ahamefula,&nbsp;Maryam Rabiu Aliyu,&nbsp;Joseph Oghenewogaga Owheruo,&nbsp;Agatha Ngukuran Jikah,&nbsp;Ufuoma Augustina Igbuku,&nbsp;Emad Yousif,&nbsp;Ephraim Evi Alex Oghroro,&nbsp;Ibiyinka Agboola Fuwape,&nbsp;Arthur Efeoghene Athan Essaghah,&nbsp;Dina S. Ahmed,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Alamiery,&nbsp;Huzaifa Umar","doi":"10.1186/s40712-026-00468-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40712-026-00468-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) remains one of the most extensively produced and utilized synthetic polymers globally, owing to its versatility and economic advantages. Despite its widespread application, raw PVC resin lacks essential performance characteristics such as flexibility, thermal stability, and chemical resilience, necessitating extensive modification to suit diverse industrial uses. This review provides a summary of PVC’s modification, properties, industrial and diverse applications. It also explores the primary modification strategies of PVC including the use of plasticizers, copolymerization, polymer blending, surface modifications, and nanocomposite enhancements. Each approach is discussed in terms of underlying mechanisms, material improvements, and associated health and environmental implications, particularly those linked to conventional plasticizers like di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The review further considers recent advances in PVC and the growing trend toward sustainable and bio-based alternatives. By integrating foundational principles with recent research insights, the work aims to offer a thorough understanding of the current landscape as well as future directions in PVC modification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40712-026-00468-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional fracture researches on corner cracks in finite bodies","authors":"Zhou Feng,&nbsp;Chongmin She,&nbsp;Runze Yang","doi":"10.1186/s40712-026-00470-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40712-026-00470-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quarter-circular corner cracks are typical flaws in three-dimensional (3D) structures. For curved 3D cracks, the application of a plane-strain fracture criterion often leads to inaccurate fracture predictions. To enhance prediction accuracy, a 3D fracture assessment method incorporating an equivalent thickness model based on the <i>T</i>_z factor is employed to evaluate the fracture strength of a quarter-circular corner crack within a finite body. Analysis reveals that as the ratio of crack depth to plate width (<i>c/W</i>) increases, the plane of strongest <i>T</i>_z constraint shifts away from the 45° plane normal to the crack front. Through systematic finite element analyses, a new equivalent thickness equation for quarter-circular corner cracks in finite bodies is derived. Additionally, a modified stress intensity factor equation is developed based on Newman’s original formulation, with the applicable upper limit of <i>c/W</i> extended from 0.2 to 0.95. To validate the proposed 3D fracture prediction method, a new fracture test involving a quarter-circular corner crack is conducted. Experimental results demonstrate that the 3D method provides significantly improved accuracy compared to traditional two-dimensional fracture criteria. For a specimen containing a quarter-circular corner crack under tensile loading, the prediction error is reduced from 35.3% to 2.2%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40712-026-00470-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of wear velocity and ambient on titanium-based biomaterials: experimental and 3D finite element simulation","authors":"Efe Çetin Yilmaz,&nbsp;Mevlüt Furkan Sadeler,&nbsp;İlhan Çeli̇k","doi":"10.1186/s40712-026-00473-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40712-026-00473-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to perform in vitro experimental and 3D finite element method analysis (FEA) of the mechanical behavior of pure titanium and titanium alloys, which are frequently preferred in the human body, at different wear velocities and ambient conditions. Test specimens were subjected to different wear environments (distilled water, dry ambient) and wear velocity (1.2 Hz, 2.0 Hz) tests at a constant temperature of 37 °C in an experimental in vitro chewing test simulation. The wear volume loss and surface roughness behavior of the test specimens were analyzed using a non-contact 3D profilometer. In addition, the experimental environment was mathematically modeled using the FEA method with pure titanium material. The effect of bite force in the crown region of the implant body on the screw and abutment region was analysis throught chewing test procedures. The experimental data obtained in this study showed that although the wear environment affected the mechanical behavior of the test materials, the wear velocity had no effect during the chewing test procedures. In the wear test procedures, consecutive cracks were observed on the wear surface of the pure titanium test material at a dry wear ambient. It was concluded that these cracks could be subsurface, and the fatigue wear mechanism was active during the wear test. Furthermore, the FEA method analysis predicted that stress accumulations occurred in the implant screw regions and that this could lead to a failure mechanism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":592,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40712-026-00473-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}