卫生研究最新文献

{"title":"[Effects of high oleic and different fatty acid composition edible oils on glucose and lipid metabolism in middle-aged and elderly rats].","authors":"Mengyao Wang, Qin Zhuo, Jinpeng Zhao, Chao Han, Xiayu Zhao, Chen Chen, Lili Shi, Zhaolong Gong, Yan Li","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Discussion on the effects of edible oils with different fatty acid compositions on glucose and lipid metabolism in middle-aged and elderly rats under free-feeding conditions with a fat energy ratio of 35%.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The experiment randomized 50 male rats aged 8-10 months into five groups: a control group(NC, fed AIN93 M diet), a monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA) group(fed high oleic sunflower oil diet), a polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA) group(fed regular sunflower oil diet), an animal-based saturated fatty acid(ASFA) group(fed lard diet), and a vegetable-based saturated fatty acid(VSFA) group(fed coconut oil diet). The rats were fed continuously for 12 weeks. During the experiment, the body weight and food intake of the rats were measured weekly. At the end of the 12th week, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed on the rats. After the experiment, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA) was used to measure the body fat and abdominal fat content of the rats. Blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta for the determination of fasting blood glucose and blood lipid levels. The perirenal fat and epididymal fat of rats were removed and weighed, and the ratios of these fat masses to the body weight were calculated respectively. Additionally, HE staining was used to observe the liver pathological lipids of the rats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Body weight and food intake result showed that compared to the NC group, the total food intake of rats in all four experimental groups decreased. The energy intake of the VSFA group and the energy utilization of the PUFA and VSFA groups increased, with these differences being statistically significant(P<0.05). In terms of blood lipid levels, compared to the NC group, the the triglyceride(TG) level in the MUFA group decreased, while the TG, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), nonesterified fatty acid(NEFA)and Non-HDL-C levels in the PUFA group significantly decreased. The HDL-C and NEFA levels in the ASFA group also decreased, and the low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) level in the VSFA group significantly decreased, all with statistically significant differences(P<0.01 or P<0.05). In terms of blood glucose levels, the FBG levels of rats in the PUFA and ASFA groups were lower than in the NC group(P<0.05). The perirenal and epididymal fat masses of rats in the MUFA and VSFA groups were higher than those in the control group(P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The perirenal fat mass of rats in the ASFA group was higher than that in the NC group(P<0.05). The abdominal and total body fat content of rats in the MUFA group was significantly higher than in the NC group(P<0.01, P<0.05). Hepatic histopathological result showed that the lipid vacuoles in the liver of the VSFA group were significantly more than in the NC group, while that in the other groups were between the two.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 3","pages":"419-426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Correlation between dietary patterns of pregnant women and weight changes in early pregnancy in Shenzhen from 2018 to 2021].","authors":"Xiao Wang, Jianming Zhang, Jing Du, Weichunbai Zhang, Yan Ma, Yi Yang, Shi Shen","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.019","DOIUrl":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To understand the dietary pattern characteristics of pregnant women in early pregnancy and analyze the association between these dietary patterns and weight changes in early pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the birth cohort of the China Birth Cohort Study(CBCS), we analyzed the early pregnancy information and food frequency questionnaire data of 3, 540 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria at the Shenzhen sub-center from July 2018 to January 2021. Dietary patterns were extracted using factor analysis. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between these dietary patterns and weight changes in early pregnancy. Finally, gestational age was divided into three groups using the tertile method, and stratified analyses were conducted for each group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The low weight change group comprised 914 individuals(25.82%), the moderate weight change group included 1442 individuals(40.73%), and the high weight change group consisted of 1184 individuals(33.45%). The result of the univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the distribution of gestational age, age, ethnicity, educational level, occupation, pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI), presence of early pregnancy reactions, and average annual household income over the past two years among the subjects with low, moderate, and high weight changes in early pregnancy. Factor analysis identified four major dietary patterns: the high-protein dietary pattern, the vegetarian dietary pattern, the legume-nut dietary pattern, and the snack-dairy dietary pattern, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 42.45%. The result of the Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for gestational age, age, ethnicity, educational level, occupation, pre-pregnancy BMI, early pregnancy reactions(nausea, vomiting), and average annual household income over the past two years, the high-protein dietary pattern in T3 group(OR=0.635, 95%CI 0.427-0.946) and the legume-nut dietary pattern in T2 group(OR=0.675, 95%CI 0.467-0.975) were both significantly negatively correlated with the low weight change group. After stratification by gestational age, the high-protein dietary pattern in T3 group(OR=0.472, 95%CI 0.211-0.862) in the population at 11-13 weeks of gestation and the legume-nut dietary pattern in T2 group(OR=0.542, 95%CI 0.304-0.965) in the population at 9-11 weeks of gestation remained significantly negatively correlated with the low weight change group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high-protein dietary pattern and the legume-nut dietary pattern have a certain positive impact on the rational weight gain of pregnant women in early pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 3","pages":"478-494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dietary fiber intake status of children aged 6-17 years old in China from 2019 to 2021].","authors":"Qingbin Xing, Juan Xu, Wei Cao, Lahong Ju, Zhu Wang, Zhenyu Yang, Wenhua Zhao, Qian Zhang","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the current status of dietary fiber intake in Chinese children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the data from the 2019-2021 China Nutrition and Health System Survey for Children Aged 0-18, 6116 school-age children from 28 rural and urban survey sites in 14 provinces of China were recorded for their food intake using a continuous 3-day 24-hour dietary review method, and their dietary fiber intake was calculated based on the Chinese Food Composition Table.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median dietary fiber intake for school-aged children aged 6-17 was 7.30 grams per day, and the energy standardized intake was 3.41 grams per 1000 calories. The dietary fiber intake of urban children(3.66 g/1000 kcal) is higher than that of rural children(3.21 g/1000 kcal), and the difference is significant(P&lt;0.05). However, only 8.68% of school-age children aged 6-17 have reached the recommended dietary fiber intake, with urban boys aged 9-11(16.46%) having the highest intake and rural boys aged 6-8(5.41%) having the lowest.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The dietary fiber intake of school-age children and adolescents in China is insufficient, especially in rural areas and younger age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 3","pages":"439-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association between feeding patterns within 4 months of age and physical growth, overweight and obesity in children aged 0-3 years old].","authors":"Zi Ye, Yanan Kong, Ji Min, Yingji Gu, Yifan Duan, Xuehong Pang, Jie Wang","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the association between feeding patterns within 4 months of age and both physical growth and the risk of overweight and obesity in young children aged 0-3 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the TAWS prospective cohort study in China, children aged 0-3 years were followed up in Taicang cohort from 2013 to 2019. A structured questionnaire was used to collect and evaluate the feeding patterns of children within the first 4 months, weight and height/length were measured at birth and at 1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months of age, weight for age Z-score(WAZ), length for age Z-score(LAZ) and weight for length Z-score(WLZ) were calculated for each measurement. The χ~2 test was used to compare the malnutrition rates, and applied ANOVA to analyze the differences in physical Z-scores among different feeding patterns at each measurement. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to analyze the correlation between feeding patterns and the risk of overweight and obesity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1458 children, 18.11%(n=264), 19.41%(n=283), 44.58%(n=650), 15.16%(n=221) and 1.65%(n=24) of them were exclusively breastfed, predominantly breastfed, mixed fed mainly on breast-milk, mixed fed mainly on formula, and formula fed. There were no differences in LAZ、WLZ and WAZ(except 3 months) among the different feeding pattern groups at each time point(P&gt;0.05). After adjusting for the season of physical examination, birth weight, delivery mode, age at weaning, age at introduction of formula and complementary food, feeding patterns within the first 4 months were not associated with the risk of overweight and obesity. The risk of overweight and obesity in children under the age of 3 years was mainly associated with birth weight and delivery mode. Among them, at 12 months of age, the risk of overweight and obesity was higher in children with high birth weight(large-for-gestational-age) than children with normal birth weight(appropriate-for-gestational-age)(OR=4.14, 95% CI 2.06-8.32), and the risk of overweight and obesity was higher in children born by caesarean section than those born naturally(OR=2.47, 95% CI 1.06-8.32).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children&apos;s feeding patterns withinh 4 months are not associated with their physical growth in their first 3 years. Overweight and obesity are mainly influenced by birth weight and delivery mode.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 3","pages":"384-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Level of organochlorine pesticides in serum of Beijing residents in 2017].","authors":"Jie Yin, Huting Wang, Muke Han, Bing Shao, Yunfeng Zhao, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To preliminarily investigate the exposure levels and distribution characteristics of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) in serum of Beijing residents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 197 serum samples were randomly selected from the baseline samples of the Beijing Population Health Cohort study collected in 2017. The concentrations of 11 OCPs, including α-hexachlorocyclohexane(α-HCH), β-hexachlorocyclohexane(β-HCH), γ-hexachlorocyclohexane(γ-HCH), p, p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene(p, p'-DDE), p, p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane(p, p'-DDD), p, p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane(P, P'-DDT), pentachlorobenzene(PCB), hexachlorobenzene(HCB), pentachlorophenol(PCP), pentachloronitrobenzene(PCNB), and dieldrin, were determined by solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The relationships among OCPs concentrations and gender, residence, age and body mass index(BMI) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At least three OCPs were detected in each sample, with concentrations ranging from 0.003 to 50.700 μg/L. Ten out of the eleven OCPs were detected, excluding PCNB. The detection rates of five OCPs exceeded 50%, namely p, p'-DDE, β-HCH, HCB, PCP and PCB, with median concentrations of 3.768, 0.966, 0.762, 0.414 and 0.050 μg/L, respectively. The serum concentrations of β-HCH(Z=-4.32, P&lt;0.01) and HCB(Z=-2.01, P=0.04) were significantly lower in males than in females, and urban residents showed significantly elevated serum levels of p, p'-DDE(Z=-3.38, P&lt;0.01), β-HCH(Z=-3.04, P&lt;0.01), PCP(Z=-2.04, P=0.04) and PCB(Z=-2.16, P=0.03) relative to suburban residents. BMI was positively correlated with serum β-HCH concentrations(r=0.21, P&lt;0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Widespread exposure of OCPs was observed in the serum of Beijing general residents in 2017. Gender, residence and BMI may serve as significant factors influencing serum OCP levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 3","pages":"471-477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Relationship between dietary acid load in late pregnancy and infant body mass index for age Z score trajectories].","authors":"Yuting Lin, Yanhui Li, Zhaoyang Nian, Limei Mao","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the relationship between dietary acid load during late pregnancy in pregnant women and body mass index for age Z score(BMIZ) trajectories in infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From September 2010 to November 2011, a total of 468 women in late pregnancy in Guangzhou were recruited as the study subjects, and their offspring were followed up to 1 year old after delivery. Pregnant women were required to complete a basic situation questionnaire and a 3-day 24-hour dietary review survey in late pregnancy. They were also asked to complete a questionnaire on delivery and fetal health status after delivery. The dietary acid load during late pregnancy was calculated using potential renal acid load(PRAL), net endogenous acid production(NEAP), and animal protein to potassium ratio(A∶K ratio). The subjects were then grouped according to the quartiles for each indicator. The weight and length of infants at birth, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months old were prospectively tracked. The BMIZ were calculated and the BMIZ trajectories of infants were analyzed by latent class growth model(LCGM). Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between dietary acid load during late pregnancy and BMIZ trajectories of infants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median and quartiles of PRAL in late pregnancy were 28.02(21.88, 36.51) mEq/d, and the values of NEAP and A∶K ratio were (81.58±15.41) mEq/d and 22.62±6.80, respectively. A significant negative correlation was identified between dietary acid load and the intake of vegetables, fruits, and legumes(P&lt;0.01). A significant positive correlation was identified between dietary acid lood with the intake of eggs, poultry, livestock, and seafood(P&lt;0.01). According to the latent class growth model, three types of infant BMIZ trajectory groups were identified: the slower growth group(n=52), the appropriate growth group(n=307) and the faster growth group(n=54). Among the infants in the faster growth group, their mothers&apos; late pregnancy NEAP was lower than that of the remaining two trajectory groups(P&lt;0.05). Multiple Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that pregnant women in the highest quartile of late-pregnancy NEAP(OR=4.03, 95% CI 1.01-16.14) and A∶K ratio(OR=4.04, 95% CI 1.30-12.59) were more likely to have offspring with a slower growth trajectory compared with those in the lowest quartile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher dietary acid loads in late pregnancy, particularly elevated levels of NEAP and A∶K ratio, have been associated with slower growth patterns in infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 3","pages":"349-357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association between feeding patterns and physical growth of late preterm infants aged 0-5 months of correction age].","authors":"Yanmei Ma, Xuehong Pang, Tao Xu, Bowen Chen, Yuying Wang, Qian Zhang, Wenhua Zhao, Zhenyu Yang","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the relationship between feeding patterns and physical growth of late preterm infants with 34-36 weeks of gestational age and 0-5 months of correction age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data were from the project \"Nutrition and Health System Survey and Application for Children aged 0-18 Years in China\". Multi-stage stratified random sampling was used to conduct the study at 28 survey sites in 7 regions of East China, North China, Central China, South China, Southwest, Northwest and Northeast China from February 2018 to January 2020. A self-designed structured questionnaire for infants aged 0-6 months was used by the investigators to ask infant mothers or other primary guardians face-to-face to retrospectively collect the basic characteristics and feeding status of infants, and measure the length, weight and head circumference of infants. Based on inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, a total of 48 late preterm infants fed exclusively breastmilk and 53 late preterm infants fed formula aged 0-5 months of correction age were enrolled in this study. Using the corrected age and gender of late preterm infants fed exclusively breastmilk as matching variables, 48 full-term infants fed exclusively breastmilk aged 0-5 months were matched by propensity score as reference to evaluate the difference in growth and development between late preterm infants and full-term infants fed exclusively breastmilk. Z-scores and weight gain rate were used to evaluate the growth and development of infants. ANOVA was used to compare the growth and development of infants in the three groups. Multiple linear regression was used to adjust for potential confusing factors to analyze the effects of different feeding patterns on the growth and development of late preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in length for age Z-score(LAZ), weight for age Z-score(WAZ), weight for height Z-score(WLZ), body mass index for age Z-score(BAZ) and weight gain rate between late preterm infants fed exclusively breastmilk and late preterm infants fed formula(P&gt;0.05), and there was also no significant difference between late preterm infants fed exclusively breastmilk and full-term infants fed exclusively breastmilk(P&gt;0.05). However, The WAZ and head circumference for age Z-score(HCZ) of late preterm infants fed formula were 0.41(P=0.03) and 0.44(P=0.02) higher than those of full-term infants fed exclusively breastmilk, but there was no significant difference in LAZ, WLZ, BAZ and weight gain rate between the two groups(P&gt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At 0-5 months of correction age, the growth and development of late preterm infants fed exclusively breastmilk were similar to that of full-term infants fed exclusively breastmilk. Formula supplementation may promote weight gain, but not length in late preterm infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 3","pages":"375-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Comparison between food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall or weighing methods in evaluating dietary nutrient intakes of pregnant women].","authors":"Jing Zhang, Jiangfan Yu, Yifan Duan, Zhenyu Yang, Ye Bi, Yuwen Zhang, Changqing Liu, Yongli Zhao, Xuyang Gu, Jianghua Gao, Jingtao Duan, Jianqiang Lai, Haoyan Guo","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.016","DOIUrl":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the similarities and differences among Food Frequency Questionnaire(FFQ), 24-hour dietary recall method, and weighing method in assessing the intakes of foods, energy, and nutrients in pregnant women, and to evaluate the validity of the FFQ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From June to September in 2017, a total of 82 pregnant women were recruited across the entire Wuqiang County in Hebei Province. The subjects were surveyed using the FFQ for the most recent week, 24-hour dietary recall for 3 consecutive days, and in-home weighing for 3 consecutive days. The differences in the average daily intakes of food, energy, and nutrients obtained by the FFQ and the other two method were calculated and compared. The correlation and consistency between the FFQ and the other two method were evaluated through the Spearman correlation coefficient and the Bland-Altman plot, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant difference between the FFQ and 24-hour dietary recall method in assessing the average daily intakes of soybeans and their products, fruits, dairy products and nuts. The intakes of fruits and dairy products evaluated by the two method were all positively correlated(r=0.34-0.56, P&lt;0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the FFQ and the weighing method in assessing the average daily intakes of cereals, soybeans and their products, vegetables, fruits, aquatic products, eggs, dairy products and nuts. Among them, the intakes obtained by the two method for cereals, vegetables and nuts were all positively correlated(r=0.53-0.58, P&lt;0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the FFQ and 24-hour dietary recall method in evaluating average daily intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrates, the ratio of carbohydrates to energy supply, dietary fiber, total vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron and zinc. Among them, intakes of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates were all positively correlated(r=0.41-0.58, P&lt;0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between FFQ and weighing method in evaluating the average daily intakes of energy, fat, the ratio of fat to energy supply, carbohydrates, the ratio of carbohydrates to energy supply, total vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin C, calcium, potassium, sodium and magnesium. Among them, the intakes of energy, protein and carbohydrates obtained by the two method were all positively correlated(r=0.49-0.52, P&lt;0.05). Bland-Altman analysis showed that for most subjects, the intakes of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates were within the 95% consistency limits between FFQ and 24-hour recall method(91.1%-94.9%)or weighing method(92.9%-100%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FFQ can relatively accurately evaluate the intakes of food and nutrients among pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 3","pages":"455-464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of high protein feeding on blood glucose and blood lipids in healthy rats].","authors":"Weixiao Yue, Xiaoyun Chen, Haiyan Wang, Rui Wang, Yichun Hu, Jie Feng, Jiaxi Lu, Deqian Mao, Jing Chen, Yishui Tian, Weidong Li, Min Li","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of high-protein diets from different sources, under isocaloric conditions, on the blood glucose and lipid profiles in healthy rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine groups, receiving diets with varying protein sources and protein energy ratios: a control group, casein groups were fed casein at protein energy ratios of 15%(C15), 30%(C30), 40%(C40) and 50%(C50), while the soy protein groups were fed soy protein at equivalent energy ratios(S15, S30, S40 and S50) for 12 weeks. The rats were observed during the experiment and weighed weekly, blood samples were collected at the midpoint and endpoint of the experiment, and serum was analyzed for determination of fasting blood glucose(FBG), glycated serum protein(GSP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), free fatty acids(FFA), total cholesterol(TC), and triglyceride(TG). At the endpoint, an oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Energy intake was comparable across all groups. However, the S50 group exhibited a significant reduction in final body weight compared to the control group(P=0.03). At the midpoint(week 6), FBG was significantly elevated in the C40 and C50(P&lt;0.01), while LDL-C in the C50 showed a significant reduction(P=0.02). Additionally, FFA was notably lower in both the C50 and S50(P&lt;0.05). By the end of the study(week 12), FBG was significantly higher in the S40 and S50(P&lt;0.05), though no significant differences were observed in GSP, OGTT, HDL-C, TC, or TG among groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Under isocaloric conditions, short-term(6 weeks) high-protein intake(protein energy ratio≥40%) reduced LDL-C, FFA, and TG levels in healthy rats, TC and TG were generally lower in the soy protein groups than in the casein groups. Fasting glucose was impaired by high-protein intake(protein energy ratio≥40%), high soy protein intakes induced a later increase in glucose than the high casein groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 3","pages":"427-433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prevalence and characteristics of central obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-17 years in China in 2016-2017].","authors":"Jing Nan, Shuya Cai, Wei Piao, Yuxiang Yang, Fusheng Li, Liyun Zhao, Dongmei Yu","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the prevalence and characteristics of central obesity in Chinese children and adolescents aged 7-17 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data were from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers from 2016 to 2017. The research subjects were selected from 275 monitoring sites in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities) through a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. A total of 59 019 children and adolescents aged 7-17 years were included. Waist circumference was measured with a uniform measuring tape. Results were weighted and adjusted by the sixth national census data released by the National Bureau of Statistics in 2010. SAS 9.4 software was used to clean and analyze the data, and the prevalence and influencing factors of central obesity were described.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The waist circumference of Chinese children and adolescents was(63.9±0.5) cm, with boys higher than girls(65.3 cm vs.62.4 cm, F=203.41, P&lt;0.01), urban higher than rural(66.1 cm vs.61.9 cm, F=21.87, P&lt;0.01), and eastern higher than central and western(65.2 cm vs.63.7 cm vs.62.4 cm, F=5.57, P&lt;0.01) during 2016-2017. The pre-central obesity rate and central obesity rate were 15.0% and 14.5%, respectively. The 13-17 year-old group was higher than the 7-12 year-old group(16.7% vs.13.8%, Rao-Scott χ~2=11.93, P &lt; 0.01;16.6% vs.12.8%, Rao-Scott χ~2=20.54, P&lt;0.01), and the urban was higher than the rural in all age groups(P&lt;0.05). The pre-central obesity rate in the eastern region was lower than that in the central region(15.7% vs.16.6%, Rao-Scott χ~2=9.38, P&lt;0.01), while the central obesity rate in the eastern region was higher than that in the central region(16.9% vs.15.3%, Rao-Scott χ~2=14.08, P&lt;0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pre-central obesity rate and central obesity rate of children and adolescents in China are different between urban and rural areas, different ages and different regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 3","pages":"390-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}