Food and Environmental Virology最新文献

{"title":"Genome Characterization of the Novel Lytic Enterobacter cloacae Phage vB_EclM_Q7622","authors":"Shilin Tan,&nbsp;Shixuan Huang,&nbsp;Zekun Liu,&nbsp;Moutong Chen,&nbsp;Hanfang Chen,&nbsp;Qinghua Ye,&nbsp;Shi Wu,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Yang,&nbsp;Shuhong Zhang,&nbsp;Jumei Zhang,&nbsp;Qingping Wu,&nbsp;Meiyan Yang","doi":"10.1007/s12560-023-09558-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-023-09558-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> is a widespread opportunistic pathogen that causes urinary tract infection. The abuse of antibiotics enabled multidrug-resistant strains to spread. Bacteriophage therapy is a naturally, safe, and efficient alternative treatment technology against multi-resistant bacteria. In this study, a virulent phage vB_EclM_Q7622 (Q7622) was isolated from the sewage of Jiangcun poultry market in Guangzhou city. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that Q7622 had an icosahedral head (97.8 ± 5.6 nm in diameter) and a short, contractile tail (113.7 ± 4.5 nm). Its double-stranded DNA genome is composed of 173,871 bp with a GC content of 40.02%. It possesses 297 open reading frames and 9 tRNAs. No known virulence and resistance genes were detected, indicated that phage Q7622 could be used for pathogens prevention and control safely. Comparative genomic and phylogenetic analysis showed that Q7622 was highly similar to the phages vB_EclM_CIP9 and vB_EhoM-IME523. The highest nucleotide similarity between Q7622 and the similar phages in NCBI calculated by pyANI and VIRIDIC were 94.9% and 89.1% with vB_EhoM-IME523 respectively, below 95%. Thus, according to the result of nucleotide similarity calculation results, Q7622 was a novel virulent <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> phage strain of the genus <i>Kanagawavirus</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"15 3","pages":"236 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6709823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat-Denatured Lysozyme is a Novel Potential Non-alcoholic Disinfectant Against Respiratory Virus","authors":"Suqiong Huang,&nbsp;Zhenghua Wu,&nbsp;Bingjie Zhou,&nbsp;Xinhui Jiang,&nbsp;Dimitri Lavillette,&nbsp;Guorong Fan","doi":"10.1007/s12560-023-09556-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-023-09556-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Respiratory diseases are significant recurrent threats to global public health. Since the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic, seasonal influenza viruses continue to cause epidemics around the world each year. More recently, the COVID-19 global pandemic conducted a public health crisis with more than 6 million deaths and it also severely affected the global economy. Due to the phenomenon that people get infection from objects carrying viruses, it has aroused people's attention to home disinfection. As there is no ideal existing common domestic disinfectant, new and safer antiviral disinfectants are urgently needed. Lysozyme is a natural antibacterial agent widespread in nature and widely used in healthcare and food industry because of is recognized safety. Recently, it has been shown that thermally denatured lysozyme has the ability to kill murine norovirus and hepatitis A virus. In our study, we also demonstrated that heat-denatured lysozyme (HDLz) had an antiviral effect against H1N1 influenza A virus, and we optimized its antiviral activities by testing different heating denaturation conditions, to generalize this property, using pseudotype virus neutralization assay, we found that HDLz can also inhibit the entry of H5N1, H5N6, and H7N1 avian influenza viruses as well as SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 particles in cell with IC50 at the ng/mL range. Finally, using western blot analysis, we provide evidence that HDLz polymerization correlates with antiviral effect, which may be a precious possible quality control test. Altogether, our data support HDLz as a powerful anti-respiratory virus disinfectant as a sole or additive of current disinfectants to reduce concentration of toxic component.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"15 3","pages":"212 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12560-023-09556-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6709872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Enteroviruses and SARS-CoV-2 in Tunisian Wastewater","authors":"Chourouk Ibrahim,&nbsp;Salah Hammami,&nbsp;Nesserine Khelifi,&nbsp;Abdennaceur Hassen","doi":"10.1007/s12560-023-09557-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-023-09557-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monitoring the circulation of enteric viruses in environmental wastewater is a valuable tool for preventing the emergence of waterborne and food-borne diseases in humans. The detection of viruses was performed in five Tunisian wastewater treatment plants, three located in the Grand Tunis City (WWTP 1, WWTP 2, WWTP 3) and two in the Sahel of Tunisia (WWTP 4, WWTP 4), known as very developed and crowded zones, to assess the effectiveness of three biological wastewater treatment procedures namely natural oxidizing lagoons, rotating biodisks procedure, activated sludge procedure, and one tertiary sewage treatment using UV-C₂₅₄ reactor for this enteric viruses’ removal. Thus, 242 sewage samples were collected between June 2019 and May 2020 from different lines of wastewater treatment procedures implemented in the five wastewater treatment plants investigated. SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed using real-time multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (multiplex real-time RT-PCR) and enteroviruses using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The enteroviruses detection showed 93% and 73% respective high frequencies only in the two WWTPs of the Grand Tunis (WWTP 1 and WWTP 2). SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 58% of the all wastewater samples collected from the five studied WWTPs with a respective dominance of N gene (47%), S gene (42%), RdRp gene (42%) and at last E gene (20%). These enteroviruses and SARS-CoV-2 detection were revealed in all steps of the wastewater treatment procedures, so poor virological quality is found at the exit of each biological and tertiary step of treatment investigated. For the first time in Tunisia, these results highlighted the enterovirus and SARS-CoV-2 detection with high rates, and the ineffectiveness of the biological and UV-C254 treatment implemented to remove these viruses. The preliminary results of SARS-CoV-2 circulation in Tunisian wastewater confirmed the wide positivity rate underlined by other works worldwide and allowed showing a move towards integrating wastewater as a way for this virus to spread in different areas and environments. So, this last result about SARS-CoV-2 circulation allowed us to caution about the strong probability of diffusion of this hazardous virus through water and sewage; despite its enveloped character and nature, as a labile and sensitive virus in these environments. Thus, establishing a national surveillance strategy is needed to improve the sanitary quality of treated wastewater and prevent public health problems related to these viruses in treated wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"15 3","pages":"224 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12560-023-09557-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6709825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater-Based Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2: Assessing Prevalence and Correlation with Clinical Cases","authors":"Hima Wani,&nbsp;Smita Menon,&nbsp;Dipen Desai,&nbsp;Nishita D’Souza,&nbsp;Zarine Bhathena,&nbsp;Nishith Desai,&nbsp;Joan B. Rose,&nbsp;Sandhya Shrivastava","doi":"10.1007/s12560-023-09555-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-023-09555-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wastewater-based epidemiology has been recognized as a tool to monitor the progress of COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. The study presented herein aimed at quantitating the SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the wastewaters, predicting the number of infected individuals in the catchment areas, and correlating it with the clinically reported COVID-19 cases. Wastewater samples (<i>n</i> = 162) from different treatment stages were collected from three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from Mumbai city during the 2nd surge of COVID-19 (April 2021 to June 2021). SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19, was detected in 76.2% and 4.8% of raw and secondary treated (<i>n</i> = 63 each) wastewater samples respectively while all tertiary treated samples (<i>n</i> = 36) were negative. The quantity of SARS-CoV-2 RNA determined as gene copies/100 mL varied among all the three WWTPs under study. The gene copy numbers thus obtained were further used to estimate the number of infected individuals within the population served by these WWTPs using two published methods. A positive correlation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) was observed between the estimated number of infected individuals and clinically confirmed COVID-19 cases reported during the sampling period in two WWTPs. Predicted infected individuals calculated in this study were 100 times higher than the reported COVID-19 cases in all the WWTPs assessed. The study findings demonstrated that the present wastewater treatment technologies at the three WWTPs studied were adequate to remove the virus. However, SARS-CoV-2 genome surveillance with emphasis on monitoring its variants should be implemented as a routine practice to prepare for any future surge in infections.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"15 2","pages":"131 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12560-023-09555-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4137765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect Analysis of Different Environmental Disinfection Methods on Reducing Contamination of Surfaces by the Omicron BA.2.2 Variant of SARS-CoV-2 and the Characteristics of Fomite Contamination in the Fever Clinic in the Out-Broken of Shanghai","authors":"Lei Yang,&nbsp;Wenfang Dong,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Shen,&nbsp;Feng Han,&nbsp;Chenxi Liu,&nbsp;Yirou Wang,&nbsp;Xuemei Xu,&nbsp;Yufen Wu,&nbsp;Sha Zhou,&nbsp;Qing Cao","doi":"10.1007/s12560-022-09545-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-022-09545-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of different environmental disinfection methods on reducing contaminated surfaces (CSs) by the Omicron BA.2.2 variant of SARS-CoV-2 in the fever clinic between March 20 and May 30, 2022, and to analyze the influences and related factors of CSs. This study includes survey data from 389 positive patients (SPPs) and 204 CSs in the fever clinic, including the CS type, disinfection method, length of time spent in the clinic, cycle threshold (CT) value, name, age, weight, mask type, mask-wearing compliance, hand-mouth touch frequency and sex. Associations between study variables and specified outcomes were explored using univariate regression analyses. Mask-wearing compliance had a significant negative correlation with CSs (<i>r</i> = − 0.446, <i>P</i> = 0.037). Among the 389 SPPs, 22 SPPs (CRP, 5.66%) caused CSs in the separate isolation room. A total of 219 SPPs (56.30%) were male. The mean age of SPPs was 4.34 ± 3.92 years old, and the mean CT value was 12.44 ± 5.11. In total, 9952 samples with exposure history were taken, including 204 (2.05%) CSs. Among the CSs, the positive rate of flat surfaces was the highest in public areas (2.52%) and separate isolation rooms (4.75%). Disinfection methods of ultraviolet radiation + chemical irradiation significantly reduced the CSs in both the public area (0% vs. 4.56%) and the separate isolation room (0.76% vs. 2.64%) compared with the chemical method alone (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Compared with ordinary SPPs, CRPs were older (6.04 year vs. 4.23 year), and the male proportion was higher (72.73% vs. 55.31%). In particular, it was found that SPPs contaminated their surroundings and therefore imposed risks on other people. Environmental disinfection with ultraviolet radiation + chemical treatment should be emphasized. The findings may be useful to guide infection control practices for the Omicron BA.2.2 variant of SARS-CoV-2.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"15 2","pages":"107 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12560-022-09545-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4668277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotype Diversity of Enteric Viruses in Wastewater Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Sheikh Ariful Hoque,&nbsp;Tomohiro Kotaki,&nbsp;Ngan Thi Kim Pham,&nbsp;Yuko Onda,&nbsp;Shoko Okitsu,&nbsp;Shintaro Sato,&nbsp;Yoshikazu Yuki,&nbsp;Takeshi Kobayashi,&nbsp;Niwat Maneekarn,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kiyono,&nbsp;Satoshi Hayakawa,&nbsp;Hiroshi Ushijima","doi":"10.1007/s12560-023-09553-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-023-09553-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Viruses remain the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide. Recently, we reported the abundance of AGE viruses in raw sewage water (SW) during the COVID-19 pandemic, when viral AGE patients decreased dramatically in clinics. Since clinical samples were not reflecting the actual state, it remained important to determine the circulating strains in the SW for preparedness against impending outbreaks. Raw SW was collected from a sewage treatment plant in Japan from August 2018 to March 2022, concentrated by polyethylene-glycol-precipitation method, and investigated for major gastroenteritis viruses by RT-PCR. Genotypes and evolutionary relationships were evaluated through sequence-based analyses. Major AGE viruses like rotavirus A (RVA), norovirus (NoV) GI and GII, and astrovirus (AstV) increased sharply (10–20%) in SW during the COVID-19 pandemic, though some AGE viruses like sapovirus (SV), adenovirus (AdV), and enterovirus (EV) decreased slightly (3–10%). The prevalence remained top in the winter. Importantly, several strains, including G1 and G3 of RVA, GI.1 and GII.2 of NoV, GI.1 of SV, MLB1 of AstV, and F41 of AdV, either emerged or increased amid the pandemic, suggesting that the normal phenomenon of genotype changing remained active over this time. This study crucially presents the molecular characteristics of circulating AGE viruses, explaining the importance of SW investigation during the pandemic when a clinical investigation may not produce the complete scenario.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"15 2","pages":"176 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12560-023-09553-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4559448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis E Virus RNA Detection from Hunted Wild Boars in Central Italy: an Epidemiological Investigation","authors":"Gianluigi Ferri,&nbsp;Giorgia Giantomassi,&nbsp;Andrea Piccinini,&nbsp;Alberto Olivastri,&nbsp;Alberto Vergara","doi":"10.1007/s12560-023-09554-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-023-09554-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Every year, foodborne pathogens, including the hepatitis E virus (HEV), cause thousands of infections in different continents. Final consumers become infected through the ingestion of contaminated animal origin foodstuffs. Generally, in industrialized countries, HEV genotype 3 is involved in sporadic outbreaks. Infections have been described, in Europe and Japan as consequence of pork products and contaminated wild boar’s primary or processed products (liver and muscle tissues) consumption. In Central Italy, hunting activities are largely practiced. In these small and rural communities, game meat and liver are ingested by hunters’ families or at local and traditional restaurants. Therefore, these food chains can be considered critical HEV reservoirs. In this study, 506 liver and diaphragm tissues were collected from hunted wild boars in the Southern Marche region (Central Italy) and were screened for HEV RNA detection. From the 10.87% of liver and 2.76% of muscle samples, HEV3 subtype c was discovered. The observed prevalence values resulted in line with previous investigations performed in other Central Italian regions, but higher than Northern ones (3.7% and 1.9% from liver tissue). Therefore, the obtained epidemiological data highlighted the wide occurrence of HEV RNA circulation in a low-investigated area. Basing on results, a One-health approach was adopted due to the sanitary relevance of this Public Health concern.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"15 2","pages":"158 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12560-023-09554-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4284912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Membrane Filtration to Cold Sterilization of Drinks and Establishment of Aseptic Workshop","authors":"Yunhao Hu,&nbsp;Wenbiao Wu","doi":"10.1007/s12560-023-09551-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-023-09551-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aseptic packaging of high quality beverage is necessary and its cold-pasteurization or sterilization is vital. Studies on application of ultrafiltration or microfiltration membrane to cold- pasteurization or sterilization for the aseptic packaging of beverages have been reviewed. Designing and manufacturing ultrafiltration or microfiltration membrane systems for cold-pasteurization or sterilization of beverage are based on the understanding of size of microorganisms and theoretical achievement of filtration. It is concluded that adaptability of membrane filtration, especially its combination with other safe cold method, to cold- pasteurization and sterilization for the aseptic packaging of beverages should be assured without a shadow of doubt in future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"15 2","pages":"89 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12560-023-09551-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4727055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiviral Effects of Quillaja saponaria Extracts Against Human Noroviral Surrogates","authors":"Snehal S. Joshi,&nbsp;Lezlee Dice,&nbsp;Sukriti Ailavadi,&nbsp;Doris H. D’Souza","doi":"10.1007/s12560-023-09550-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-023-09550-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aqueous extracts of <i>Quillaja saponaria</i> Molina are US FDA approved as food additives in beverages with known antiviral activity. Due to lack of commercially available vaccines against human noroviruses (HNoVs), alternate methods to prevent their spread and the subsequent emergence of variant strains are being researched. Furthermore, HNoVs are not yet culturable at high enough titers to determine inactivation, therefore surrogates continue to be used. This research analyzed the effect of aqueous <i>Quillaja saponaria</i> extracts (QE) against HNoV surrogates, Tulane virus (TV), murine norovirus (MNV-1), and feline calicivirus (FCV-F9) at room temperature (RT) and 37 °C. Viruses (~ 5 log PFU/mL) were individually treated with 1:1 or 1:5 (v/v) diluted QE (pH ~ 3.75), malic acid control (pH 3.0) or phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.2, as control) at 37 °C or RT for up to 6 h. Individual treatments were replicated three times using duplicate plaque assays for each treatment. FCV-F9 at ~ 5 log PFU/mL was not detectable after 15 min by 1:1 QE at 37 °C and RT. At RT, 1:5 QE lowered FCV-F9 titers by 2.05, 2.14 and 2.74 log PFU/mL after 0.5 h, 1 h and 2 h, respectively. MNV-1 showed marginal reduction of &lt; 1 log PFU/mL after 15 min with 1:1 or 1:5 QE at 37 °C without any significant reduction at RT, while TV titers decreased by 2.2 log PFU/mL after 30 min and were undetectable after 3 h at 37 °C. Longer incubation with higher QE concentrations may be required for improved antiviral activity against MNV-1 and TV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"15 2","pages":"167 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4620385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Intensity Ultraviolet-C Irradiation Efficiently Inactivates SARS-CoV-2 Under Typical Cold Chain Temperature","authors":"Peiru Li,&nbsp;Xianliang Ke,&nbsp;Dongmei Leng,&nbsp;Xian Lin,&nbsp;Wenling Yang,&nbsp;Hainan Zhang,&nbsp;Changqing Tian,&nbsp;Hongbo Xu,&nbsp;Quanjiao Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12560-023-09552-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-023-09552-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>SARS-CoV-2 contaminated items in the cold chain becomes a threat to public health, therefore the effective and safe sterilization method fit for the low temperature is needed. Ultraviolet is an effective sterilization method while its effect on SARS-CoV-2 under low-temperature environment is unclear. In this research, the sterilization effect of high-intensity ultraviolet-C (HIUVC) irradiation against SARS-CoV-2 and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> on different carriers at 4 °C and − 20 °C was investigated. The results showed that dose of 15.3 mJ/cm² achieved more than 3 log reduction of SARS-CoV-2 on gauze at 4 °C and − 20 °C. The vulnerability of coronavirus to HIUVC under − 20 °C was not significantly different than those under 4 °C. Four models including Weibull, biphasic, log-linear tail and log linear were used to fit the survival curves of SARS-CoV-2 and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. The biphasic model fitted best with R² ranging from 0.9325 to 0.9878. Moreover, the HIUVC sterilization correlation between SARS-CoV-2 and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was established. This paper provides data support for the employment of HIUVC under low-temperature environment. Also, it provides a method of using <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> as a marker to evaluate the sterilization effect of cold chain sterilization equipment.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"15 2","pages":"123 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12560-023-09552-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4346793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}