Antiviral Natural Products, Their Mechanisms of Action and Potential Applications as Sanitizers and Disinfectants

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Food and Environmental Virology Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI:10.1007/s12560-023-09568-x

Stephanie A. Boone, M. Khalid Ijaz, Kelly R. Bright, Norma Patricia Silva-Beltran, Raymond W. Nims, Julie McKinney, Charles P. Gerba

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Abstract

Plant extracts, natural products and plant oils contain natural virucidal actives that can be used to replace active ingredients in commercial sanitizers and disinfectants. This review focuses on the virucidal mechanisms of natural substances that may exhibit potential for indoor air and fomite disinfection. Review of scientific studies indicates: (1) most natural product studies use crude extracts and do not isolate or identify exact active antiviral substances; (2) many natural product studies contain unclear explanations of virucidal mechanisms of action; (3) natural product evaluations of virucidal activity should include methods that validate efficacy under standardized disinfectant testing procedures (e.g., carrier tests on applicable surfaces or activity against aerosolized viruses, etc.). The development of natural product disinfectants requires a better understanding of the mechanisms of action (MOA), chemical profiles, compound specificities, activity spectra, and the chemical formulations required for maximum activity. Combinations of natural antiviral substances and possibly the addition of synthetic compounds might be needed to increase inactivation of a broader spectrum of viruses, thereby providing the required efficacy for surface and air disinfection.

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抗病毒天然产物，它们的作用机制以及作为消毒剂和消毒剂的潜在应用。

植物提取物、天然产品和植物油含有天然杀病毒活性物质，可用于取代商用消毒剂和消毒剂中的活性成分。这篇综述的重点是天然物质的杀病毒机制，这些物质可能表现出对室内空气和fomite消毒的潜力。科学研究综述表明：（1）大多数天然产物研究使用粗提取物，没有分离或鉴定确切的活性抗病毒物质；（2）许多天然产物研究对杀病毒作用机制的解释不明确；（3）天然产品对杀病毒活性的评估应包括在标准化消毒剂测试程序下验证疗效的方法（例如，在适用表面上的载体测试或对雾化病毒的活性等）。天然产品消毒剂的开发需要更好地了解作用机制（MOA）、化学特征，化合物特异性、活性谱和最大活性所需的化学制剂。可能需要天然抗病毒物质的组合，并可能添加合成化合物，以增加对更广泛病毒的灭活，从而为表面和空气消毒提供所需的功效。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Food and Environmental Virology ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-MICROBIOLOGY

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

2.90%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Food and Environmental Virology publishes original articles, notes and review articles on any aspect relating to the transmission of pathogenic viruses via the environment (water, air, soil etc.) and foods. This includes epidemiological studies, identification of novel or emerging pathogens, methods of analysis or characterisation, studies on survival and elimination, and development of procedural controls for industrial processes, e.g. HACCP plans. The journal will cover all aspects of this important area, and encompass studies on any human, animal, and plant pathogenic virus which is capable of transmission via the environment or food.