History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences最新文献_第3页

Rethinking the history of microbiology: new actors, geographies, places of knowledge, and ecologies. 重新思考微生物学的历史：新的角色，地理，知识的地方，和生态。

IF 1 3区哲学

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-025-00678-2

Matheus Alves Duarte da Silva, Mathilde Gallay-Keller

{"title":"Rethinking the history of microbiology: new actors, geographies, places of knowledge, and ecologies.","authors":"Matheus Alves Duarte da Silva, Mathilde Gallay-Keller","doi":"10.1007/s40656-025-00678-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40656-025-00678-2","url":null,"abstract":"In this introduction, we first paint a panorama of the historiography of microbiology from the end of the nineteenth century until today, spanning from Pasteurian hagiographies, institutional histories, STS-informed analyses to critical research on the emergence of microbiology in an age of global empires. We then suggest three possibilities for historians and anthropologists to rethink the past and present of microbiology: (1) by centralizing the focus of their analyses on geographies and actors outside of the realm of the Pasteur Institute and of the Pasteurians; (2) by studying places of knowledge beyond the laboratory and their interactions with the laboratory; and (3) by researching the past and present of complex ecologies that go beyond sole interactions between humans and pathogenic microbes. These three ways of recentralizing the history of microbiology are not unprecedented nor were they firstly enacted in this collection. On the contrary, this collection builds on a growing stream of innovative research and widens current avenues of research, helping thus to rethink the history of microbiology in a more global and inclusive way.","PeriodicalId":56308,"journal":{"name":"History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences","volume":"47 3","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inferential schema in Akkadian diagnosis: the case of Ah̬h̬ a ¯ zu. 阿卡德语诊断中的推理图式：以ah_() _（）为例。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-025-00674-6

Cristina Barés Gómez

{"title":"<ArticleTitle xmlns:ns0=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">Inferential schema in Akkadian diagnosis: the case of Ah̬h̬ <ns0:math> <ns0:mover><ns0:mrow><ns0:mi>a</ns0:mi></ns0:mrow> <ns0:mrow><ns0:mo>¯</ns0:mo></ns0:mrow> </ns0:mover> </ns0:math> zu.","authors":"Cristina Barés Gómez","doi":"10.1007/s40656-025-00674-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40656-025-00674-6","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to analyze Akkadian medical diagnosis by examining the reasoning involved in the process. The analysis highlights the importance of uncertainty in the timeline of inference. While prognosis pertains to the future, diagnosis concerns something different; it relates to what has already occurred. It is proposed that the analysis would be incomplete without considering the roles of both the past and present within the inferential framework. Ancient medical diagnosis must be understood by accounting for the entire reasoning structure, which is not captured in a single text, for which reason it is necessary to analyze both the diagnostic and therapeutic kind. This work draws on translations of these texts by Assyriologists. Ancient medical science needs to be studied from multiple perspectives, and the logic and philosophy of science can help to gain a better understanding of its practice and methodology.","PeriodicalId":56308,"journal":{"name":"History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences","volume":"47 2","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two logics of experiment in biology & medicine: mechanistic/pathway versus populational. 生物学和医学实验的两种逻辑：机械/途径与人口。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-025-00675-5

Shiping Tang

引用次数: 0

Choreographies of co-modification: instrumentizing cod for immunology and the economy. 协同修饰的编排：为免疫学和经济工具化cod。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-025-00677-3

Tone Druglitrø, Silje Rebecca Morsman, Kristin Asdal

{"title":"Choreographies of co-modification: instrumentizing cod for immunology and the economy.","authors":"Tone Druglitrø, Silje Rebecca Morsman, Kristin Asdal","doi":"10.1007/s40656-025-00677-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40656-025-00677-3","url":null,"abstract":"How to make sense of the struggle of scientists in their efforts to answer demands to contribute simultaneously to the advancement of science and the economy? The life sciences are understood to be particularly affected by the increased institutional and political expectations to engender scientific innovations and value creation Fochler et al., (Minerva, 54:175-200, 2016). The expectations are often closely linked to the tools that life scientists work with, such as new sequencing technologies or model organisms that are invested with hopes of novelty. The experimental life of the Atlantic cod, which is our object of study, serves here as an entry point for understanding this significant feature of contemporary life sciences. The paper shows how equipping a species to do experimental work is not necessarily about having it perform only one type of job Clarke & Fujimura (1992) or performing in one, and exclusively one, site. On the contrary, an experimental organism may be promising and interesting due to how it can be put to work to perform both in and for science, and in and for the economy, simultaneously. In analyzing the double entendre of experimental work, this paper draws upon the analytical concepts co-modification and choreography that have been carefully crafted in close empirical studies. The notion co-modification is put to work together with the notion of choreography to delineate both the material and semiotic work that go into the drawing together of the inside and outside of the lab and the material arrangements that shape the rhythm of a disciplined and controlled lab site. Together we refer to this as choreographies of co-modification.","PeriodicalId":56308,"journal":{"name":"History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences","volume":"47 2","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Andrew Lakoff, Planning for the wrong pandemic: Covid-19 and the limits of expert knowledge, 2024, Cambridge: Polity Press. 安德鲁·拉科夫，《错误大流行的规划：Covid-19和专家知识的限制》，2024年，剑桥：政治出版社。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-025-00676-4

David Robertson

引用次数: 0

Do corals dream of simulated seas? 珊瑚会梦见模拟的海洋吗？

IF 1.6 3区哲学

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-025-00673-7

Damien Bright

{"title":"Do corals dream of simulated seas?","authors":"Damien Bright","doi":"10.1007/s40656-025-00673-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40656-025-00673-7","url":null,"abstract":"What happens to a life science when its subject spans the globe yet appears fated to extinction? Such is the predicament that the field of international coral reef studies confronts under the strains of ocean stress. This article asks why this predicament becomes the basis for authorizing new powers of human intervention into the nature of biology. Through a genealogy and commentary of a theory and experiment known as \"human-assisted evolution\" and its quest for \"super corals,\" I examine the conceptual trouble that issues from calls to use corals to change global ocean change. I claim that the push to engineer marine life and worlds in response to ocean stress is as much an experiment in evaluating nature as it is in theorizing evolution. First, I offer the genre of \"Big Coral\" as a way of understanding a description of coral reefs as biological exemplars of global environmental change. Second, I offer a genealogical reading of human-assisted evolution as a whole Earth salvage operation grounded in a fantasy of geological time travel. Third, I locate the figure of the \"super coral\" and the trouble it raises not only in playing with the nature of corals but the nature of the human. I conclude with some reflections on ontological ambiguity that results from intervening in the nature of biology.","PeriodicalId":56308,"journal":{"name":"History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences","volume":"47 2","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ancestry inferences from DNA testing results: The problem of sociogenetic essentialism. 从DNA检测结果推断祖先：社会遗传本质主义的问题。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-025-00670-w

Kostas Kampourakis, Michal Fux

{"title":"Ancestry inferences from DNA testing results: The problem of sociogenetic essentialism.","authors":"Kostas Kampourakis, Michal Fux","doi":"10.1007/s40656-025-00670-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40656-025-00670-w","url":null,"abstract":"Millions of people have now taken DNA ancestry tests, with many of them looking for information about their origins or even their ethnic identity. However, what these tests can only do is allow for a probabilistic estimate of a person's similarity to a reference group. This is often based on research in population genetics that study human genetic variation by identifying ancestry informative markers, that is, DNA markers that are found more often in one population rather than others. Whereas these markers are not the criteria for membership in a group, they can serve as indicia for it. However, a confusion of indicia for criteria can emerge supported by a particular form of intuitive thinking, psychological essentialism. It consists of a set of interrelated beliefs: (a) Particular categories distinguish between fundamentally different kinds of people; (b) The boundaries that separate these categories are strict and absolute; (c) These categories have internal homogeneity and differ fundamentally from one another; (d) All this is due to internal essences that make the members of each category what they are. When our genome or DNA are perceived to be these essences and when this kind of thinking is applied to social categories such as race and ethnicity, a view that we call \"sociogenetic essentialism\", it can be highly problematic as it can form the basis for discrimination and exclusion. We argue that the use and reference to ancestry informative markers, unless clearly explained, may be misinterpreted due to a sociogenetic essentialist bias as confirming the genetic basis of social groups.","PeriodicalId":56308,"journal":{"name":"History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences","volume":"47 2","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forms of life: a literary formalist view on biological individuality. 生命的形式：一种关于生物个性的文学形式主义观点。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-025-00671-9

Teun Joshua Brandt

{"title":"Forms of life: a literary formalist view on biological individuality.","authors":"Teun Joshua Brandt","doi":"10.1007/s40656-025-00671-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40656-025-00671-9","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues for a formalist approach to biological individuality, bridging formalist ways of reading in cultural and literary studies with contemporary debates in the philosophy of biology. Central to this discussion is the idea that the question of what constitutes an individual, spanning across domains such as biology, politics, law, and literature, is essentially a question of form: the conditions by which we individualise enforce a specific pattern through which we interpret the world, whether it is the natural world, the social world, or the fictional world of a literary text. Taking this as a starting point, the article adopts a strategic formalist method as articulated by Caroline Levine, employing a close-reading method that asks how forms of individuality, whether they are phenomenal, theoretical, or cultural, operate as they move beyond their designated system of discourse; what they afford when they travel across dissimilar materials; and what occurs when they intersect with other forms, be they sociopolitical, poetic, or aesthetic. Considering literary and sociopolitical forms on the same plane of existence as theoretical forms of individuality enables a needed conversation on the affordances of forms in both the production of knowledge and in the cultural imagination.","PeriodicalId":56308,"journal":{"name":"History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences","volume":"47 2","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12078346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From genetic to postgenomic determinisms: The role of the environment reconsidered : Introduction to the collection 'Postgenomic determinisms: Environmental narratives after the century of the gene'. 从遗传到后基因组决定论：重新考虑环境的作用：“后基因组决定论：基因世纪后的环境叙事”系列介绍。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-025-00672-8

Azita Chellappoo, Jan Baedke, Maurizio Meloni

{"title":"From genetic to postgenomic determinisms: The role of the environment reconsidered : Introduction to the collection 'Postgenomic determinisms: Environmental narratives after the century of the gene'.","authors":"Azita Chellappoo, Jan Baedke, Maurizio Meloni","doi":"10.1007/s40656-025-00672-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40656-025-00672-8","url":null,"abstract":"In the past twenty years, conceptual and technological shifts in the life sciences have unseated the causal primacy of the gene. The picture emerging from 'postgenomic' science is one that emphasises multifactorial dependencies between the environment, development, and the genome, and blurs boundaries between biological individuals, and between the body and the environment. Despite the rejection of genetic determinism within postgenomics, forms of determinism nevertheless persist. The environment is often conceptualised in postgenomic research in a narrow and constrained way, affording an outsized causal role to certain environmental factors while neglecting the influence of others. This carries ethical and social implications, including for understandings of race and motherhood. This topical collection interrogates the environmental determinisms developing within postgenomic science, through investigation of their conceptual foundations, histories, and social contexts across a range of postgenomic fields.","PeriodicalId":56308,"journal":{"name":"History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences","volume":"47 2","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In search of the microbial path to Terroir: a place-based history of the ecologization of French cheese microbiology, 1990-2000s. 寻找通往风土的微生物之路：1990-2000年法国奶酪微生物生态学的基于地点的历史。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-025-00669-3

Élise Demeulenaere

{"title":"In search of the microbial path to Terroir: a place-based history of the ecologization of French cheese microbiology, 1990-2000s.","authors":"Élise Demeulenaere","doi":"10.1007/s40656-025-00669-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40656-025-00669-3","url":null,"abstract":"At the crossroads between food studies and science and technology studies, this paper analyzes the role of laboratories located within traditional cheese territories in the ecologization of cheese microbiology in France at the turn of the twentieth century. The paper argues that their connectedness with Protected Designation of Origin raw-milk cheese organizations advocating for a strong understanding of terroir played a key role in challenging the modern strain-by-strain approach and fostering a shift towards a new research object: microbial communities in their ecologies. Modernization and standardization in cheese production from the 1950s onwards laid indeed on the improvement of hygiene to get \"cleaner\" milks, and on lab research on microbial strains to develop selected starter cultures. This led to a dramatic loss of microbial abundance within raw milks, which progressively provoked milk processing issues, as well as a loss of cheese typicality, an issue for place-based cheeses. To face it, the modernist approach promoted more laboratorial research on microbial strains to develop new starter cultures and the diversification of microbial collections, within an ex-situ conservation framework. In contrast, microbiologists conducting applied research for raw-milk terroir cheeses investigated environmental microbial reservoirs, microbial fluxes, as well as farming practices that favor \"natural seeding\" and enrich milk native microflora. A new approach emerged, namely \"practice-driven microbial ecology\" (écologie microbienne dirigée), which enacts the dynamic and ubiquitous properties of microbial life. The paper offers a situated account on the \"microbial (ecology) turn\" described by other authors, highlighting the ecological approach developed in the 1990s-2000s by French microbiologists in search of \"the microbial path to terroir\".","PeriodicalId":56308,"journal":{"name":"History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences","volume":"47 2","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0