International Journal of Mechanical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Syndiotactic chiral metamaterial absorber for low-frequency broadband vibration reduction","authors":"Shenghao Xu,&nbsp;Kyunglae Gu,&nbsp;Junhong Park","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The compression-twist coupling effect of chiral metamaterials provides new insights into the development of broadband absorbers. This study proposes a novel syndiotactic chiral metamaterial absorber (SCMA), which combines a syndiotactic chiral metamaterial frame with twisted beams. The proposed SCMA leverages the coupled vibration and inertial amplification effects, which allows to suppress the low-frequency broadband vibration. By adjusting the twist angles of the beams, the vibration suppression band and the maximum amplitude can be optimized. A three-dimensional (3D) elastic wave model and a discrete oscillator model are then developed to study the modal characteristics and damping mechanism of the SCMA. Afterwards, the impacts of the ligament angles and the slenderness ratio of the chiral metamaterial frame on the vibration suppression bandwidth are systematically evaluated. The obtained results show that, compared with conventional linear vibration absorbers (LVA), the SCMA reduces the amplitude by 24.8 % and expands the vibration suppression bandwidth by a factor of 10. The experimental results are consistent with the predictions of the theoretical models. The high damping performance and significantly broadened attenuation bandwidth of the proposed SCMA provide a high potential for enhancing the structural integrity of machinery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110435"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A linear planar magnetic spring for 2-DOF vibration isolation","authors":"Mingkai Wu ,&nbsp;Jiulin Wu ,&nbsp;Bo Ren ,&nbsp;Ruiqi Gao ,&nbsp;Fuxiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Rui Zhou ,&nbsp;Yumei Bai ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Li ,&nbsp;Xuedong Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnetic springs are frictionless and therefore offer advantages in achieving quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) and improving low-frequency vibration isolation. However, conventional magnetic spring designs typically focus on single-degree-of-freedom (1-DOF) scenarios, limiting their effectiveness in multi-dimensional vibration isolation applications. To address this limitation, this paper proposes a novel planar magnetic spring (PMS) capable of providing linear negative stiffness in arbitrary horizontal directions. By utilizing a carefully designed magnetic array layout, the proposed PMS exhibits excellent linearity, high magnet utilization, and a compact structural form. An analytical stiffness model is developed using the magnetic charge method combined with coordinate transformation techniques. The stiffness and linearity characteristics of the proposed PMS are analyzed in detail, providing clear design guidelines for practical engineering implementation. To verify the rationality of the PMS design and the correctness of the established analytical model, a static experimental setup and a dynamic experimental setup were designed, respectively. The static experimental results show that the calculated results are consistent with the experimental results, which verifies the accuracy of the analytical model; the dynamic experimental results show that the resonance frequency of the system can be greatly reduced by introducing PMS with different working angles, and the bandwidth of vibration isolation can be expanded to ultra-low frequency. These results validate the ability of PMS to be applied in two-degree-of-freedom vibration isolation systems and provide potential for wider engineering applications of magnetic negative stiffness mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110432"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A stress-based criterion for interpreting size-dependent ice debonding behavior","authors":"Tianhui Hao ,&nbsp;Lin Zhao ,&nbsp;Yongpeng Lei ,&nbsp;Xinshu Zou ,&nbsp;Jifeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Haotian Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ice accumulation has driven the demand for low ice adhesion surfaces, but inadequate understanding of the debonding mechanism has hindered progress, especially as size dependence further complicates analysis and undermines evaluation reliability. Although a mainstream view attributes the behavior to toughness-controlled debonding, a universal mechanism applicable to continuous size variations remains elusive. In this study, we developed a continuous shear de-icing model, revealed the non-uniform stress distribution at the ice-substrate interface, introduced a stress-based criterion offering a novel perspective, and synthesized a series of two-component gel coatings for verification. Our findings show that the interfacial shear stress decreases with distance from the loading surface, causing the de-icing force to approach an asymptotic limit. We also derived a de-icing force prediction equation as a function of ice length, established expressions for the critical length and asymptotic force, and re-evaluated the influence of key variables. To ensure consistency across the various studies reported, an adaptive evaluation method based on the intrinsic strength concept was introduced. Additionally, an apparent strength correction factor and a graphical program were developed, significantly enhancing transferability among different test specimens. This study provides a theoretical framework for the design and evaluation of icephobic coatings and offers new insights into optimizing de-icing strategies for practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110436"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscale model for fiber breaking displacement in ceramic-matrix composites","authors":"Longbiao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the fiber breaking displacements (FBDs) of ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) under tensile loading were systematically investigated using a micromechanical approach. The micro strain fields of fibers before and after breaking were analyzed for five different damage states, i.e., isolated fiber breakage away from matrix cracking, as well as fiber breakage surrounding single, long, medium, and short multiple cracks. The FBDs and corresponding fiber slip lengths associated with different damage states were determined. Effects of stress levels, constitutive properties, damage state and fiber breakage location on FBDs and fiber sliding were comprehensively analyzed. Relationships between FBDs, fiber slip length, stress levels and damage states were established. Experimental FBDs of fiber breakages away from matrix crack or at the center of medium/short matrix crack spacing in unidirectional SiC/SiC composite under <em>in-situ</em> tensile loading were predicted using the developed microscale models. The FBDs increase with applied stress and decrease with interface shear stress. When the fiber breakage position away from the matrix cracking plane, the FBD decreases for single matrix cracking; when the fiber breakage position away from the matrix cracking center, the FBD remains constant for long matrix cracks, decreases for mediums matrix cracks, and increases for short matrix cracks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110438"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elastic constants and material stability analysis of orthotropic titanium-based metal foams","authors":"Ignacio González Gómez ,&nbsp;Yerko Espinosa Lorca ,&nbsp;Wilmer Velilla-Díaz ,&nbsp;Alejandro Pacheco-Sanjuán","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metallic foams have emerged as promising materials for mitigating the adverse effects of implants on surrounding tissues by replicating the stiffness and structural symmetry of bone. In current fabrication technologies, porosity is widely recognized as the primary topological factor for tuning stiffness and strength. However, as an isotropic parameter, porosity inadequately captures the influence of mesoscale structures on the elastic anisotropy of metallic foams. This study aims to address these limitations by investigating the role of porosity as a topological descriptor in determining elastic constants for anisotropic metallic foams. The research presents a methodology for determining the effective macroscopic elastic constants of orthotropic, titanium-based metal foams across varying porosities, ranging from 5% to 65%, which aligns with the pore size distributions of specimens fabricated via powder metallurgy. Employing genetic algorithm optimization based on Voronoi tessellations, 3D randomized cubic representative volume elements (RVEs) were generated to replicate pore statistics obtained from 2D μCT reconstructions of real foams. Finite element simulations were conducted on these RVEs, including tensile and shear tests, to quantify their mechanical response. Results reveal a general reduction in Young’s modulus, shear modulus, and bulk modulus as porosity increases. Notably, elastic constant dispersion significantly widened at higher porosity levels, with Poisson’s ratio displaying substantial variation in the range of -0.01 &lt; ν &lt; 0.37 at 65% porosity. Zener ratios indicated near-isotropic behavior up to 30% porosity, but microstructural stability sharply declined beyond 65%, as reflected by nearly zero determinants of the stiffness tensors. These findings underscore the critical sensitivity of elastic properties, particularly Poisson’s ratios, to microstructural architecture, providing insights into potential instabilities in highly porous, bone-like cellular structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110431"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MD- and ML-based size-parameter calibration for the non-classical continuum theories","authors":"Cancan Liu ,&nbsp;Jiangong Yu ,&nbsp;Longtao Xie ,&nbsp;Chaofeng Lü ,&nbsp;Vladimir Babeshko ,&nbsp;Chuanzeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accurate determination of the size-parameters is crucial for the application of the non-classical continuum theory to characterize the size-effects. This study takes into account of the size-effects and multiple influencing factors and utilizes the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in conjunction with the machine learning (ML) technique for the precise calibration of the size-parameters required in the non-classical continuum theories. Firstly, theoretical solutions for the elastic wave dispersion relations within the frameworks of the nonlocal elasticity and nonlocal strain-gradient models are derived using the analytical integral Legendre polynomial method. Subsequently, MD simulations are performed to determine the group velocity dispersion relations of the Lamb and SH waves in aluminum plates of varying thickness. Finally, the nonlinear relationships between the guided wave group velocities and the size-parameters are established by the ML technique based on the neural network model. The present study reveals that the size-effects of the elastic wave propagation are closely related to the wavelength, the guided wave mode, and the thickness of the plates. The calibrated nonlocal elasticity theory can predict the guided wave group velocity only within a limited range of the nanoplate thickness. In contrast, the calibrated nonlocal strain-gradient theory demonstrates an excellent performance across all ranges of the nanoplate thickness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110376"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fast food-freezing temperature estimation framework using optimally located sensors","authors":"Felipe Galarce ,&nbsp;Diego R. Rivera ,&nbsp;Douglas R.Q. Pacheco ,&nbsp;Alfonso Caiazzo ,&nbsp;Ernesto Castillo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents and assesses a framework for estimating temperature fields in real time for food-freezing applications, significantly reducing computational load while ensuring accurate temperature monitoring, which represents a promising technological tool for optimizing and controlling food engineering processes. The strategy is based on (i) a mathematical model of a convection-dominated problem coupling thermal convection and turbulence, and (ii) a least-squares approach for solving the inverse data assimilation problem, regularized by projecting the governing dynamics onto a reduced-order model (ROM). The unsteady freezing process considers a salmon slice in a freezer cabinet, modeled with temperature-dependent thermophysical properties. The forward problem is approximated using a third-order WENO finite volume solver, including an optimized second-order backward scheme for time discretization. We employ our data assimilation framework to reconstruct the temperature field based on a limited number of sensors and to estimate temperature distributions within frozen food. Sensor placement is optimized using a novel greedy algorithm, which maximizes the observability of the reduced-order dynamics for a fixed set of sensors. The proposed approach allows efficient extrapolation from external sensor measurements to the internal temperature of the food under realistic turbulent flow conditions, which is crucial for maintaining food quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110374"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-functional quasi-zero stiffness metamaterial for vibration isolation and impact attenuation","authors":"Yunlong Cai,&nbsp;Zhuoyue Wang,&nbsp;Gentong Liu,&nbsp;Hongjun Qian,&nbsp;Yi Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing a multifunctional mechanical metamaterial that can handle both random vibrations and impact loads poses a significant engineering challenge. This paper introduces a quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) mechanical metamaterial that incorporates a friction mechanism to enhance vibration isolation and impact attenuation performance. The broad QZS platform of the metamaterial arises from the combined effects of flexural deformation in cosine-shaped beams, bending of inclined beams, and sliding friction. To accelerate the design process, a surrogate-based optimization algorithm combining an incremental Kriging model with a Runge-Kutta optimizer was employed. Quasi-static tests demonstrate that the metamaterial achieves over 50 % QZS platform coverage. Dynamic tests reveal its ability to isolate vibrations above 5 Hz and reduce peak impact acceleration by up to 68 %. In vibration isolation experiments on a modular airborne vehicle’s backward launch device, the QZS metamaterial reduced vibration levels (measured as RMS acceleration amplitude) by 90 % and effectively isolated random vibrations across the full frequency range of 5 to 970 Hz. This innovative design provides a robust and efficient solution for protecting airborne equipment in complex vibrational environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110418"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultralight thin-film flexible actuators based on shape memory alloy","authors":"Xiaozhou Lü ,&nbsp;Yiyang Liu ,&nbsp;Yaoguang Shi ,&nbsp;Hongyao Tang ,&nbsp;Weimin Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, shape memory alloy (SMA)-based flexible actuators have emerged as a favored choice for various flexible mechanical systems due to their high energy density, low noise levels, and the ability to directly heat through Joule heat. However, existing SMA actuators cannot achieve high levels of miniaturization, weight reduction, and flexibility, while suffering from low actuation frequency, limiting their application potential in flexible actuation systems. Inspired by biological joint structures, this study presents an innovative SMA wire-based actuator. The proposed actuator consists of a 0.05 mm thick polyimide tape and two SMA wires with a diameter of 0.1 mm, and can achieve bidirectional control through the alternate activation of two SMA wires. In addition, the actuator weighs only 0.03 g with a thickness of just 0.1 mm, demonstrates a maximum actuation frequency of approximately 0.5 Hz, exhibiting exceptional flexibility. The proposed flexible actuators were used to design a small-scale, worm-like robot and a mechanical flexible gripper to grasp lightweight objects, as well as a controllable flexible valve for liquid mixing and separation. The results demonstrate the substantial applicability of the proposed actuator design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110437"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"H∞ optimization of a hybrid multiple-delayed delayed resonator vibration absorber","authors":"Yifan Liu ,&nbsp;Bo Yan ,&nbsp;Li Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Delayed resonator (DR) as an active vibration absorber can achieve a zero antiresonance point of the primary structure at a given frequency by manipulating the loop delay, yielding the so-called complete vibration suppression. Achieving zero antiresonance, however, is usually penalized by the significantly raised resonance peaks, risking structural safety. Here, we aim to limit the resonance while achieving zero antiresonance, leading to the <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> optimization problem. To simplify analyses, we distinctively incorporate the primary structure-based feedback force into the total control forces of the DR and activate them only when residual vibrations occur. This reduces parametric coupling so that resonance peaks can be reduced without affecting zero antiresonance. Given the benefits of tuning delay from the DR concept itself, the states of the primary structure are also delayed in the feedback loop for additional performance enhancement, finally creating the so-called hybrid multiple-delayed DR. By analyzing system stability, characteristic spectrum, and frequency response, we show that pursuing an extremum reduction of resonance peaks can conflict with operable complete vibration suppression, thus requiring a trade-off between the two. Furthermore, by properly optimizing control parameters, both tasks can be significantly enhanced simultaneously. This work introduces a new design framework to enhance vibration suppression in terms of both resonance and antiresonance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110381"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}