Ivy Running , Carolina Wright , Robert J. Lang , Larry Howell , Spencer Magleby
{"title":"Origami folding pattern development for gossamer structures","authors":"Ivy Running , Carolina Wright , Robert J. Lang , Larry Howell , Spencer Magleby","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gossamer structures for satellites are large, thin deployable structures that are attractive for space applications because they can be stowed compactly for transportation and deployed to have large functional surface areas. Reflectarray antennas, in particular, are candidates for gossamer structures because they can be realized on thin membranes. However, the efficiency of reflectarray antennas decreases with any deviations from a flat plane, including those induced by plastically deformed creases. Rolling membranes can prevent some plastic deformation, but requires relative slipping between layers that are rolled together. In this work, we describe, analyze, and demonstrate two rolled configurations for deployable gossamer structures based on a combination of rolled and folded membranes and surrogate folds that allow for sliding between layers. Cuts and Step Hinges are used as surrogate folds. Step Hinges connect membranes while limiting slipping motion in a single direction and reducing wrinkling in the structure. The combination of folding, rolling, and sliding connections reduces plastic deformation while providing a highly efficient packing of the stowed form.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 109780"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuwu Zhang , Minghao Li , Zizhen Qi , Rong Chen , Yuliang Lin , Shunze Cao , Xiangcheng Li , Ruitao Tang , Huanming Chen
{"title":"Nonlinear mechanics of horseshoe microstructure-based lattice design","authors":"Yuwu Zhang , Minghao Li , Zizhen Qi , Rong Chen , Yuliang Lin , Shunze Cao , Xiangcheng Li , Ruitao Tang , Huanming Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing buffering capacity, flexibility, and energy absorption to withstand large deformations in structure remains a challenge. Bio-inspired horseshoe lattice structures, with their curved trusses, exhibit distinct mechanical characteristics compared to conventional metamaterials. However, their mechanical properties under in-plane compression have been rarely explored. This study characterised and modelled three types of novel 3D-printed horseshoe lattice structures, totalling 12 configurations, with unit cell geometry varying based on cell-wall angles ranging from 120°to 210°. The implementation of the FE simulation based on the three-network viscoplastic (TNV) model showed good agreement with the experiments. The results demonstrated that the cell-wall angle in the geometry and the cross-lap joint topology were significantly associated with the failure mechanism of the unit cell and the overall non-linear mechanical behaviour. Increasing the cell-wall angles can prevent beams from failing due to bending and buckling fractures, facilitate the initiation of internal contacts and stretching during in-plane compression. This reveals a configurable mechanism where the flexibility and stability of the lattice structure can trigger strain hardening, resulting in an increase in load-bearing capacity. The sensitivity to strain hardening varies depending on the order of cross-laps within the topology. A colour-pattern tracking method was employed to monitor the progressive stabilisation of lattice structures, and offering a novel approach for the future design of flexible, configurable, and programmable horseshoe-based lattice structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 109781"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Out-of-plane energy absorption of 3D printed basalt-fiber-reinforced hierarchical honeycomb composite","authors":"Luqing Hua , Lining Ding , Xin Wang , Siheng Zeng , Huang Huang , Xunmei Liang , Zhishen Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a new type of hierarchical triangular honeycomb created by iteratively replacing each vertex of conventional hexagonal cells with a smaller equilateral triangle. The combination of green and recyclable short basalt-fiber-reinforced composite with advanced additive manufacturing technology makes it possible to design and fabricate the 3D printed hierarchical triangular honeycomb composites with exceptional mechanical properties for energy absorption applications. Out-of-plane quasi-static compression tests were performed on the 3D printed hierarchical honeycomb composite to investigate the compressive response and deformation behaviour of hierarchical triangular honeycombs. Parametric studies were conducted using ABAQUS/Explicit finite element code to study the effects of structural hierarchy and triangular cell size on mechanical properties and energy absorption of 3D printed hierarchical triangular honeycombs. The result revealed that the 3D printed hierarchical triangular honeycomb composite experienced a large and stable plastic deformation to densification without fracture failure resulting in excellent energy absorption. The second level triangular honeycomb composite exhibited the most promising mechanical properties. After optimization of the triangular cell size, the mean crushing force and specific energy absorption of the second level triangular honeycomb composite were about 1.7 times and 2.0 times those of the conventional hexagonal honeycomb composite. Compared to other typical hierarchical honeycombs, the proposed hierarchical triangular honeycomb composite exhibited higher plateau stress and larger densification strain, thus providing some insights in designing lightweight, recyclable and sustainable 3D printed honeycomb composites with superior mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 109784"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An electro-thermo-mechanical coupling phase-field model of defect evolution induced by electromigration in interconnects","authors":"Xin-Wei Wu, Mingyang Chen, Liao-Liang Ke","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the defect evolution caused by electromigration induced surface diffusion in interconnects is investigated using a newly-developed electro-thermo-mechanical coupling phase-field model. The Joule heat and its resulting thermomigration are included into the phase-field model. The governing equation of the phase-field is solved by semi-implicit spectral methods and the accompanied governing equations of applied physics fields are solved by finite volume methods. Comparative investigation into defect evolution with and without the influence of Joule heating is conducted. It is deduced that thermomigration facilitates local elongation of the defect in the “current crowding” region and exerts a substantial influence on the defect morphological evolution. Subsequently, the effect of the inclination angle of the electric field on the void morphology evolution and crack propagation is discussed. We find that the defect achieves the largest characteristic length when the electric field direction is perpendicular to the uniaxial tension direction, implying a higher threat to the circuit safety. This study may help to deepen people's understanding of how the thermal effect functions in electromigration process and sheds light on different modes of defect evolution in interconnects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 109792"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ebrahim Seidi , Scott F. Miller , Farnaz Kaviari , Lu Huang , Thomas B. Stoughton
{"title":"Novel method to assess anisotropy in formability using DIC","authors":"Ebrahim Seidi , Scott F. Miller , Farnaz Kaviari , Lu Huang , Thomas B. Stoughton","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel technique was developed to identify localized neck of a tensile sample based on the curvature of the surface that is expected to work with any metal in which a localized neck forms prior to fracture. Moreover, a MATLAB-based computational tool has been developed to conduct advanced mathematical computations and numerical analysis on data generated from uniaxial tensile test of DP980 steel coupled with Digital Image Correlation (DIC) based on the novel curvature method. The presented curvature technique is a geometry-based approach that uses the specimen's surface profile and groove geometry to detect localized necking, avoiding the limitations of strain-based methods in distinguishing between localized and diffuse necking. A detailed analysis was conducted on the accuracy of the onset and anisotropy of localized neck. The results of the study revealed that specimens fabricated with 30-degree orientation with respect to the Rolling Direction (RD) of the sheet metal, exhibit a higher level of total strain at the onset of the localized necking, indicating the influence of anisotropy on the material's behavior for DP980. Moreover, consistent R-values were observed among specimens with the same orientation with respect to the RD, exhibiting a rising trend of R-value for orientations from zero to 60-degree, followed by a decrease from 60 to 90-degree. Furthermore, the results exhibited a negative linear relationship between R-values and the magnitude of thinning strain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 109782"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neural network-augmented differentiable finite element method for boundary value problems","authors":"Xi Wang , Zhen-Yu Yin , Wei Wu , He-Hua Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Classical numerical methods such as finite element method (FEM) face limitations due to their low efficiency when addressing large-scale problems. As a novel paradigm, the physics-informed neural network (PINN) has demonstrated significant potential to solve partial differential equations. However, conventional PINNs utilize meshless control at discrete sampling points, which limits their ability to effectively handle complex boundaries. Moreover, catastrophic failure may occur in the deep energy method (DEM, a specific type of PINN). To handle these challenges, this study proposes a Neural Network-augmented Differentiable Finite Element Method (NNDFEM) by combining PINN and finite element approximation. In NNDFEM, the neural network backend solely predicts nodal variables. Derivatives and complex boundary conditions can be well handled by the finite element frontend. The governing equation over the domain, Dirichlet, and Neumann boundary conditions are directly enforced on the finite element frontend. Thus, losses of boundary conditions in PINN are rendered unnecessary. The overfitting problem in DEM is also significantly mitigated. Fully connected neural network (FCNN), modified FCNN, and graph-convolutional network are tested as backends. NNDFEM circumvents nodal force calculation and matrix assembly in FEM. Functional losses of linear elasticity, finite strain nonlinear elasticity, heat conduction, and flow in porous media are validated. A systematic exploration unveils the role of 3D finite element mesh. For large-scale problems, a multi-fidelity learning strategy is employed. Thus, the three-dimensional case with over three million degrees of freedom trains well in two minutes. Benefiting from the fast inference of the neural network backend, the forward pass is 8,550 times faster than FEM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 109783"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scarlet K. Montilla , Rúbia M. Bosse , Gustavo M.S. Gidrão , André T. Beck , Ricardo A. Picón , JiePeng Liu , Yongtao Bai , Julio Florez-Lopez
{"title":"Fragility analysis of tubular structures based on local-buckling driving variables","authors":"Scarlet K. Montilla , Rúbia M. Bosse , Gustavo M.S. Gidrão , André T. Beck , Ricardo A. Picón , JiePeng Liu , Yongtao Bai , Julio Florez-Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) is computationally demanding, due to the multiple high-fidelity nonlinear dynamic structural response analyses required to compute fragility curves. Local buckling of tubular steel structures is not properly characterized by typical Engineering Demand Parameters (EDPs) such as story drifts or plastic rotation angles. Targeting the two issues above, in this manuscript we propose using state variables based on Lumped Damage Mechanics (LDM) to characterize Local Buckling (LB) in PBEE. Hence, we propose an efficient and innovative procedure for the fragility analysis of complex tubular structures prone to fail due to local buckling. Moreover, local buckling produces a loss of stiffness, with loads transferred to intact or to less-damaged elements. Eventually, the structure forms a global collapse mechanism. Herein, we show how to identify the most likely global collapse mechanism in non-symmetrical tubular structures subjected to random seismic loading. This involves evaluating damage indices in different elements and their correlation, as well as identifying the combination of LB failures that are more likely to form a global collapse mechanism. Fragility curves characterizing the onset of LB at individual elements, and the most likely global collapse mechanism, are constructed. A simple frame structure is addressed, where the accuracy of the LB-LDM model is checked against experimental results. Another case study involving a non-symmetric tubular wharf illustrates the search for the most likely global collapse mechanism, and the derivation of its fragility function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 109776"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuo Guo , Caiyi Liu , Shicheng Liang , Silvia Barella , Yan Peng , Andrea Gruttadauria , Marco Belfi , Sha Ouyang , De Li , Hamid Reza Karimi , Carlo Mapelli
{"title":"New hot workability prediction method under non-constant deformation conditions","authors":"Shuo Guo , Caiyi Liu , Shicheng Liang , Silvia Barella , Yan Peng , Andrea Gruttadauria , Marco Belfi , Sha Ouyang , De Li , Hamid Reza Karimi , Carlo Mapelli","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The deformation conditions of metallic materials constantly change during forming and manufacturing technology. The thermomechanical processing theory cannot be applied to non-constant deformation conditions. The hot workability is a manifestation of the deformation conditions that affect the microstructure. This paper proposes a new prediction method based on artificial intelligence, considering the combined effect of microstructure state and deformation conditions. The hot deformation experiments under constant and non-constant deformation conditions validate the proposed method. Dynamic variation in deformation conditions significantly affects the hot workability. The findings indicate that reasonable control of the dynamic variation in deformation conditions during thermomechanical processing is conducive to improving the hot workability, providing new ways for equipment upgrading and process parameter optimization of some thermal processing technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 109778"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huimin Zhou , Junbo Liu , Shaochen Bao , Shuiting Ding , Guo Li , Guangyao Shao , Ruifeng Li , Gong Zhang , Bo Zhen
{"title":"Probabilistic risk assessment method considering machining-induced random residual stress","authors":"Huimin Zhou , Junbo Liu , Shaochen Bao , Shuiting Ding , Guo Li , Guangyao Shao , Ruifeng Li , Gong Zhang , Bo Zhen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aero-engine disks inevitably have manufacturing-induced anomalies and machining-induced random residual stress (RS) in localized and critical areas, which cause a severe threat to the safety of the aircraft. Traditional structural design of the disks fails to establish a quantitative correlation between the machining process and the failure risk. Therefore, this paper proposes a probabilistic model considering random RS to quantify the influence of machining RS subjected to low-cycle fatigue. The RS dispersion is quantified using a scaling parameter, obtained by X-ray diffraction measurements and orthogonal cutting simulations. The crack life database under varying RSs is established for efficient probability calculations. Results show that the coefficient of variation (COV) of the RS on the same machined surface with the same processing parameters is 7.62 % in the local area and 13.74 % in the whole machined surface. The risk results show that the probability of failure (POF) considering the deterministic RS is 2–4 % lower than the POF without RS, owing to the extension of fatigue life by compressive RS. Furthermore, the POF considering the random RS is almost the same (difference <0.6 %) as the POF considering the deterministic RS because the depth of the machining RS is around 0.2 mm. The proposed method predicts the POF more accurately and is thus valuable for the safety assessment of an aero-engine titanium disk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 109785"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tunable flexural waves by piezoelectric metasurface with shunt circuits","authors":"Shixuan Shao, Jiyue Chen, Zheng Wu, Youqi Zhang, Jianlin Chen, Rongyu Xia, Zheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elastic metasurfaces have been rapidly developed for effective modulation of elastic wave propagation. Among them, utilizing the electromechanical coupling effect of piezoelectric materials provides a promising way to design tunable and multifunctional elastic metasurfaces, but piezoelectric metasurfaces still face big challenges in theoretical guidance and experiments. In this paper, a tunable piezoelectric metasurface is proposed for achieving modulation of flexural wave in broad working frequency range. Based on the developed electromechanical coupling model, the piezoelectric patch with shunt resistor–inductor circuit is analyzed, and the functional unit of metasurface with only two piezoelectric patches is designed for modulating the flexural wave in thin plate. By using Antoniou’s circuit and considering the effect of impedance in circuit, the arbitral phase shift of functional unit is experimentally achieved by adjustable shunt circuits to verify the turnability in a full 2<span><math><mi>π</mi></math></span> range. Further, the piezoelectric metasurface by assembling functional units can realize multiple functions, like tunable anomalous refraction and wave focusing, by adjusting shunt circuits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 109769"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}