International Journal of Mechanical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Hail impact damage modelling of polymeric core aluminium sandwich panels","authors":"Shuangmin Shi ,&nbsp;Nelson Lam ,&nbsp;Yiwen Cui ,&nbsp;Jia Ming Goh ,&nbsp;Emad Gad ,&nbsp;Lihai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminium sandwich panels (ASPs) with polymeric core made up of aluminium face sheets and a polymer-mineral composite core present a more cost-effective solution to building claddings than aluminium alloy because of improved energy efficiency. However, there are uncertainties regarding their resistance to impact by hail. Massive economic losses can be incurred should there be widespread damage resulted from the resistant capacity being exceeded in a hailstorm. This study investigates the resistance of such sandwich cladding panels to hail impact and the damage mechanism. Dynamic tests were conducted in this study by accelerating laboratory-made ice balls of varying sizes and velocities onto the cladding specimens at full scale. An optical 3D scanner was employed to survey indentation distribution at the dented region. Energy absorption of each layer was determined. Knowledge gained from the survey was used to develop an analytical expression for predicting the amount of permanent indentation into ASPs when struck by hail. Images captured by the high-speed camera were used to study the geometric evolution of ice spheres upon impact, with their unique characteristics incorporated into the analytical modelling process to provide a more precise analysis of the contact mechanics. The analytical predictions are shown to match with experimental measurements with discrepancy of within 10%. The presented experimental results along with the newly developed analytical model provide useful insights into the impact resistance of sandwich cladding products for guiding its design to withstand extreme weather conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109995"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics analysis and multi-objective optimization for a dry friction damper","authors":"Zhonghe Huang ,&nbsp;Chuliang Liu ,&nbsp;Qiao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the optimal design of a dry friction damper for a helicopter tail-rotor driveline, focusing on achieving superior vibration suppression around the first critical speed and enhanced component reliability. The optimization is driven by efficient fitness value calculations and response-based assessments of component wear. A detailed model is developed for the damper featuring a double-layer stator with dual rub-impacts, capturing complex interactions through derived semi-analytical solutions that enable precise and efficient dynamic response analysis. To assess durability, a novel wear metric is proposed, based on solution stability and differentiation of rub-impact patterns. Simulations are conducted to analyze multi-stage damping effects, dual rub-impact response characteristics, and parameter influences on these responses. Using a multi-objective optimization framework that incorporates both the semi-analytical solutions and wear metric, Pareto optimal solutions are generated through two metaheuristic algorithms, identifying distinct parameter regions to guide the development of two optimized damper configurations. These parameter recommendations are implemented through targeted adjustments and structural optimization, resulting in dampers that demonstrate significant improvements in both damping performance and wear reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109930"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended space charge and transport near ion-selective surfaces","authors":"Wei Liu,&nbsp;Yunfan Huang,&nbsp;Moran Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electroconvective flow near ion-selective surfaces propels movements of ions and water, resulting in intricate phenomena influenced by fine interactions among fluid, voltage, and charge. However, the formation mechanism of the small number of cations in the extended space charge (ESC) near the ion-selective surfaces remains unclear. Herein, the origin of the small number of cations in ESC is investigated using a blockage-nanoslot-bulk structure. Direct numerical simulations of the fully coupled Poisson-Nernst-Planck and Navier-Stokes equations are presented for a blockage-nanoslot-bulk system under the influence of external fields. A strong electric field induced by ion flux is recommended as a critical factor for ESC formation based on transient analysis of the local fluid, voltage, and charges in the intermediate time. Once the ion flux exceeds the limiting current density, the induced strong negative electric field propels a small number of cations at the nanoslot-bulk interface to extend parallelly within a finite region, forming an ESC characterized by a localized peak charge structure. Furthermore, the self-similar extension of the ESC is determined based on variations in the ESC thickness, and the normalized structure of the space charge density was revealed by employing normalized coordinates, which were confirmed by direct numerical simulations. Finally, we showed the effect of the geometric structure on the vortex, demonstrating that the nanoslot structure significantly improves wave number prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109933"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue-creep design of transpiration cooled nickel gas turbine blades via low order aerothermal-stress and crystal plasticity finite element modelling","authors":"Christos Skamniotis ,&nbsp;Michael van de Noort ,&nbsp;Alan C.F. Cocks ,&nbsp;Peter Ireland","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transpiration Cooling (TC) systems can substantially improve the fuel efficiency of jet engines by allowing them to run much hotter than current designs allow. However, TC systems require radically new designs where large cyclic thermomechanical stresses and creep-plastic deformation can limit the life of core components. This can only be mitigated through integrated design approaches which simultaneously consider the aerothermal and mechanical performance. We develop here a low order aerothermal-stress model (LOM) which combines first order coolant flow and fluid-solid convective-conductive heat transfer calculations with stress calculations in the solid. The LOM provides rapid answers to crucial design questions: how much cooling air and how many cooling holes are required in gas turbine blades for them to operate safely at a given turbine inlet (hot gas) temperature? The LOM also narrows the range of conditions under which Crystal Plasticity Finite Element (CPFE) simulations may be required for fatigue-creep life assessment at final design stages. Our answer to previous pessimistic views on the practical use of TC is that TC systems can actually work thanks to the threefold benefit of cooling holes in reducing metal temperatures, temperature gradients and effective thermal stresses. CPFE simulations confirm this new conclusion, encouraging the wider use of our hybrid design strategy in turbomachines, hypersonic technologies and fusion reactors as well as the take-up of TC systems to deliver durable hydrogen-fuelled turbines for Net Zero.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109955"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dynamic compliance matrix method for modeling compliant mechanisms","authors":"Mingxiang Ling ,&nbsp;Jie Zhu ,&nbsp;Shilei Wu ,&nbsp;Lei Yuan ,&nbsp;Xianmin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lagrange's equation is usually combined with the compliance matrix method to solve the dynamics of compliant mechanisms that belongs to a time-domain approach. In contrast, we introduce a dynamic compliance matrix method (DCM) for both kinetostatics and vibration analyses of small-deformation compliant mechanisms in the frequency domain. We discuss in detail under what preconditions the so-called dynamic compliance matrix is valid and how it can be correctly transferred between flexure building blocks. Then, we propose a generalized procedure for the dynamic compliance modeling of serial-parallel chains by virtue of mechanical networks. In essence, such a new concept of DCM has a similar modeling process to traditional static compliance matrix method by mass grounding, but it enables both kinetostatic and dynamic modeling of compliant mechanisms in a pseudo-static way switched by setting the circular frequency to zero as needed. It relies on a matrix summation operation without the requirements of internal force analysis and kinematic calculation, hence is modeling-concise and programming-friendly for complex serial-parallel compliant mechanisms. Two case studies are presented to validate the proposed DCM and discuss its application scopes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109957"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rigid-flexible dynamic model of flexoelectric robotic metamaterials with large in-plane motions","authors":"Gongye Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanjie Mei ,&nbsp;Changwen Mi ,&nbsp;Ernian Pan ,&nbsp;Yilin Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose, in this paper, a new rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model for robotic metamaterials. A floating coordinate system is employed to decompose the displacement of the beam. Based on the three-dimensional constitutive equations of center-symmetric flexoelectric materials, the constitutive equations of the flexoelectric beam are derived. The strain, strain gradient, and electric field are expressed in the local coordinate system based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The velocity and acceleration at any point in the system are determined in the global coordinate system. Through the principle of virtual work, the governing equations and the corresponding boundary conditions for the dynamic coupled flexoelectric beam are established. With the established model, an in-depth analysis is carried out to investigate the relationship between the displacement and the electric field under diverse rigid motions. Numerical results indicate that when the beam is subjected to an impact along the axial direction, an electric field along the same direction will be generated within the beam. When it is subjected to a shear force, an electric field in the thickness direction will be generated. We also find that the magnitude of the generated electric potential is proportional to the magnitude of the applied force. Furthermore, we explore the impact of an external electric field on the deflection of a beam when it is swinging. It is shown that a positive (negative) external electric field, which synchronized with the swing, increases (reduced) the deflection of the beam. Hence, by applying an appropriate external electric field, the maximum deflection within the beam can be tuned. This result is of great significance to the field of intelligent materials and structures. The present work could provide a theoretical basis for the realization of obstacle perception, hybrid force/position control, and active control of deformation by using flexoelectric dielectrics in metamaterial robots.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109943"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spherical indentation over multilayered transversely isotropic media with imperfect interfaces","authors":"Zhijie Jin ,&nbsp;Kaifu Liu ,&nbsp;Ernian Pan ,&nbsp;Zhiqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Chih-Ping Lin ,&nbsp;Shuangbiao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In coating and substrate structures, interface defects and imperfect bonding between the adjacent layers commonly occur due to manufacturing processes. These imperfect interfaces mostly behave like springs, characterized by displacement discontinuity with traction being directly linked to the displacement jump at the interface. This study presents an innovative theoretical solution for a rigid sphere over a multilayered and functionally graded transversely isotropic elastic half-space with such imperfect interfaces. For the given indentation depth, the unknown contact radius and vertical load are obtained through a self-adaptive integral least-square scheme along with the influence function for an annular load over a multilayered and/or functionally graded half-space. The influence function is determined in terms of the Fourier-Bessel series system of vector functions in conjunction with the dual-variable and position method. We first validate the accuracy of our method by comparing it with the established exact solutions for a uniform elastic medium. We then apply the new solution to investigate the effects of imperfect-bonding and layer stiffness on the vertical load and stress field distribution in both layered and functionally graded material systems. Numerical examples show that while the von Mises stress is sensitive to the interface imperfection and Young's modulus ratio in the graded material, the vertical load and normal contact stress distribution are sensitive to the layer stiffness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109902"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vehicle-based autonomous modal analysis for enhanced bridge health monitoring","authors":"Farshad Golnary ,&nbsp;Hamed Kalhori ,&nbsp;Wenkai Liu ,&nbsp;Bing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indirect health monitoring is an emerging concept in bridge engineering, aimed at identifying the modal parameters of bridges, including their natural frequencies, by utilizing acceleration data from passing vehicles. However, this approach faces significant challenges due to noise from road surface conditions and other environmental disturbances, which complicate the accurate identification of natural frequencies. The primary effect of noise is the introduction of spurious mathematical modes in the stabilization diagram, making the identification process more difficult. This paper presents a novel, fully autonomous approach to address these challenges, leveraging subspace state-space system identification within the framework of autonomous operational modal analysis. Initially, vehicle acceleration data are processed using a subspace algorithm that incorporates QR decomposition of the projected Hankel matrix. Modal parameters are identified across various model orders, and a multi-clustering algorithm is employed to filter out non-physical poles from the stabilization diagram. The key contributions of this work are threefold: (1) the development of a robust subspace framework that autonomously eliminates spurious poles from the stabilization diagram using QR decomposition, thereby improving the accuracy and interpretability of modal analysis; (2) the validation of this framework through a combination of numerical simulations and experimental data; and (3) the establishment of a foundation for future innovations in structural health monitoring for bridge infrastructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109910"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A direction-tunable Rayleigh wave transducer for inspection of rail web","authors":"Qingfeng Zhu,&nbsp;Hongchen Miao,&nbsp;Qianhua Kan,&nbsp;Guozheng Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Guided-wave-based inspection is a promising method for online monitoring of rails. However, guided waves in the rail exhibit significant multimodal and dispersion characteristics, leading to difficulties in interpreting the signals. Rayleigh wave, known for its nondispersive characteristics, is well-suited to address these challenges. The development of Rayleigh wave-based inspection systems relies on high-performance transducers with adjustable radiation patterns. In this work, a piezoelectric transducer is developed to excite unidirectional-propagation Rayleigh wave in rails. The transducer consists of one thickness-shear mode piezoelectric wafer and two transverse-extension mode piezoelectric wafers. The distinction between the wavefields excited by the two types of piezoelectric wafers allows the emission direction of the transducer to be tunable, which cannot be achieved by conventional transducers. A theoretical model is constructed to predict the wavefield of the transducer, which can provide guidance for the design of the transducer. The effectiveness of the transducer is verified through both finite element simulations and experiments. The results demonstrate that the developed transducer can selectively generate unidirectional Rayleigh waves with a maximum unidirectional ratio of 22.6 dB. Furthermore, the transducer is applied to detect rail defects and assess axial stress changes in rails. The obtained results suggest that the proposed transducer holds promise for rail inspection applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109952"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model reduction of multibody systems with large deformations via spectral submanifolds","authors":"Xianhao Han ,&nbsp;Haijun Peng ,&nbsp;Ningning Song ,&nbsp;Mingwu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible multibody systems play a crucial role in various engineering fields. However, its high dimensionality and strong nonlinearity, especially large deformations, make dynamic simulation extremely challenging. To address these challenges, here we establish a rigorous nonlinear model reduction framework for flexible multibody systems by combining absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) and spectral submanifolds (SSMs). ANCF provides an effective modeling approach for multibody systems with large deformations. SSMs are low-dimensional invariant manifolds used to achieve exact model reductions. We demonstrate the superiority of the SSM-based model reduction in accuracy and efficiency via several examples. In particular, we have obtained dimensionality reduction from tens of thousands to merely a few. The associated low-dimensional reduced-order models enable efficient and accurate dynamic predictions, paving the way for real-time simulation of flexible multibody systems. Moreover, our framework demonstrates better numerical accuracy and superior computational efficiency than reductions via proper orthogonal decomposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109924"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}