Gang Wang , Weilong Liu , Ziyuan Zhu , Yijie He , Menglong Dong , Jiajun Wu , Chuanyang Wang
{"title":"Vibro-acoustic behaviors of a plate-cavity symmetrically embedded with suppressed acoustic spots","authors":"Gang Wang , Weilong Liu , Ziyuan Zhu , Yijie He , Menglong Dong , Jiajun Wu , Chuanyang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Control of structural vibration and noise is crucial in the engineering field, and research on related technologies has significant engineering applications. This paper presents a semi-analytical analysis method to evaluate the vibro-acoustic properties of plate-cavity coupled systems with single or multiple symmetrically embedded suppressed acoustic spots (SAS). The numerical element division method (NEDM) combined with a power-law function to discretely approximate the SAS domain is used to solve the complex boundary integration problem. The spectral-geometry method (SGM) is adopted to express the plate displacement and the sound pressure in the cavity as continuous modified Fourier series to ensure boundary smoothness. Based on the Lagrange energy principle, the coupled theoretical model is constructed and the modal parameters are solved by the generalized Rayleigh-Ritz method, the accuracy of which is verified by comparison with the finite element method (FEM). The study discusses the vibro-acoustic attenuation mechanism of the SAS plate-cavity coupled system under the sound source excitation in the cavity, and the SAS plate parameters are analyzed in depth. The results reveal that when SAS with damping layers (SAS+DL) plates are used for noise reduction, an optimal match between SAS and damping layers needs to be sought rather than simply increasing SAS or damping, which provides a potential theoretical research basis for the design of damped structures applying the SAS principle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109965"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liwei Dong , Chaoyang Zhao , Shuai Qu , Wei Ding , Guobiao Hu , Chengjia Han , Yaowen Yang
{"title":"Structural galloping suppression with high-frequency flutter","authors":"Liwei Dong , Chaoyang Zhao , Shuai Qu , Wei Ding , Guobiao Hu , Chengjia Han , Yaowen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Galloping presents a significant challenge in engineering, often causing large-amplitude vibrations in structures such as suspended electrical cables, bridges and towers, posing substantial risks and property damage. While injecting high-frequency excitations can mitigate structural galloping, current active suppression methods, which apply excitations after galloping has developed, are suboptimal, limiting their widespread adoption. In this study, a low-cost and easy-to-implement passive galloping suppression approach utilizing flutter-induced vibrations is proposed, exhibiting robust anti-galloping effects under natural wind conditions. By strategically placing flags, high-frequency fluttering forces generated by wind flow are exploited to impose surface loads on the structure rapidly. This preemptively suppresses low-frequency galloping, mitigating its onset effectively without necessitating substantial force. A distributed aerodynamic model is developed to simulate the suppression phenomenon, accompanied by a comprehensive analysis considering factors such as flutter characteristics, wind speed, and flag position and geometric parameters. The analysis also explores distinct suppression mechanisms that arise when the fluttering frequency approaches the second and third modal frequencies of the structure. The proposed galloping suppression approach has been successfully simulated and validated through theoretical calculations and experimental tests, and test results showcase a significant reduction in vibration amplitudes, with suppression ratios ranging from 85% to 95% across wind speeds of 3 m/s to 10 m/s. Additionally, this approach demonstrates effective suppression capabilities under variable wind speed conditions, indicating its reliability and practicality for mitigating detrimental galloping in real-world scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109928"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liu Rong , Zhong Yifeng , Zhu Yilin , Cao Haiwen , Chen Minfang
{"title":"Free and random-vibration characteristics of sandwich panels featuring orthogonal accordion cores","authors":"Liu Rong , Zhong Yifeng , Zhu Yilin , Cao Haiwen , Chen Minfang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 3D orthogonal accordion core, formed by orthogonal combination of two 2D accordion honeycomb structure, exhibits a multi-directional zero Poisson’s ratio effect and exceptional deformation resistance. To effectively analyze the random-vibration characteristics of the sandwich panel with this type of core, a 2D equivalent Reissner–Mindlin model (2D-ERM) is developed using the variational asymptotic method. The precision of the 2D-ERM in free vibration analysis were validated using free modal vibration test of 3D printed specimens. Its precision in random vibration analysis was confirmed through comparison with 3D Finite Element (FE) simulations, including PSD/RMS responses. Modal analysis indicated that the relative error of 2D-ERM in predicting the first six eigenfrequencies remains below 2%, with the modal clouds demonstrating high reliability. Under base acceleration excitation, the displacement-PSD, velocity-PSD, and acceleration-PSD curves, along with RMS values obtained from 2D-ERM agree well with those from 3D-FEM for various boundary conditions, with the maximum error less than 5%. The length-to-thickness ratio of the extending strut significantly influences the equivalent stiffness, while the re-entrant angle and length-to-thickness ratio of the inclined strut exert the greatest impact on the eigenfrequency and displacement-PSD peak. Compared to SP-3D-XYAS, the equivalent density of SP-3D-OAC is reduced by up to 20%, while still achieving a low displacement-PSD peak. This balance, combined with the absence of coupling effects, makes SP-3D-OAC especially well-suited for applications in precision equipment supports and vibration isolation materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109941"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lianzhou Wang , Hao Huang , Chenyu Huang , Xinyu Liu
{"title":"Investigation on the vortex dynamics in the wake of a rotating propeller","authors":"Lianzhou Wang , Hao Huang , Chenyu Huang , Xinyu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (IDDES) method on a 48 million grid is utilized to numerically simulate the E779A propeller wake, with a focus on comparing the evolution mechanisms and dynamics of wake topology instability under varying loading conditions. A tip vortex identification method is employed to extract and analyze the evolution trajectories along with the core positions of the tip vortices. Based on this, a Lumley map is established to visualize the development of the turbulence anisotropy at the tip and hub vortex cores. Detailed discussions of the turbulent energy spectra across various regions of the wake are also conducted. In addition, mode structures are analyzed using a reduced order strategy, emphasizing variations under different loading conditions. As tip vortices evolve downstream, the distorted and deformed trailing edge vortices undergo mutual induction with adjacent downstream tip vortices, signaling the onset of elliptical instability and the beginning of vortex system destabilization. Eventually, turbulence anisotropy gradually takes up in the vortex core. Similarity in the turbulence energy spectra can be observed under all loading conditions, in terms of both the energy injection scale and the inertial subrange. Additionally, mode decomposition results of reduced order modeling are examined, focusing on spatial flow patterns and characteristic temporal frequencies. The results show that the circumferential and radial deformation significantly contributes to vortex instability. The present paper aims to provide an insightful perspective and valuable reference for understanding the key mechanisms of propeller wake dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109918"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaochao Chen, Runbin Li, Chengcheng Chang, Lin Cheng
{"title":"3D dynamic analysis of elastically restrained multi-directional FGMs rectangular parallelepiped","authors":"Xiaochao Chen, Runbin Li, Chengcheng Chang, Lin Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, the dynamic features of three-directional functionally graded materials (3DFGMs) rectangular parallelepiped with classic/elastic restraints are investigated based on 3D elastic theory. The general boundary conditions are implemented by introducing artificial displacement springs on the chosen surfaces of rectangular solid. The gradient materials are distributed along the two in-plane and thickness directions of parallelepiped. By setting boundary constraints and geometric parameters, the 3DFGMs rectangular parallelepiped can be evolved into slender beam, thick or thin plate, or even a cuboidal solid. Lagrangian energy functions are formulated for parallelepiped-spring system. The free vibration characters of 3DFGMs rectangular parallelepiped are solved employing the Ritz method in conjunction with the Jacobi polynomials. For transient analysis, the analytical expressions of impulse responses are derived for different types of pulsed excitation. The presented modeling and solution methods are validated by comparing with the results from open literature, finite element analysis and experimental results. Numerical simulations are performed to reveal the effect mechanisms of material gradients, geometrical configuration and boundary restraints on the vibration characters of 3DFGMs parallelepiped. The results demonstrate that dynamic performance of rectangular parallelepiped depends critically on material gradient which may be regarded as regulatory factor to regulate the modal displacement distribution or modal sequence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109950"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haoming Yang , Le Yang , Xiangrui Zheng , Shuhan Xu , Yao Zhang
{"title":"High-performance 3D auxetic metamaterials enabled by multiple auxetic mechanisms","authors":"Haoming Yang , Le Yang , Xiangrui Zheng , Shuhan Xu , Yao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) effect can modify the deformation path and thus enhance the mechanical performance of metamaterials, which have been widely used in biomedical, aerospace, and vibration damping applications. However, designing 3D auxetic structures with NPR over a large strain range remains challenging. This study proposes a novel combined-auxetic-mechanism design method that integrates three distinct auxetic mechanisms — rotational polygonal, chirality, and re-entrant. This approach enables the effective maintenance of the NPR effect across a large strain range (0–0.8), while simultaneously enhancing mechanical properties such as load-bearing capacity, energy absorption, and fracture resistance. The innovative design allows for these mechanisms to be applied both individually or in combination, resulting in four distinct configurations of combined-auxetic-mechanism structures (CAMSs). The mechanical performances and underlying mechanisms of 3D-printed CAMSs using superelastic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and plastic photopolymer were experimentally and numerically investigated. In addition, a new theoretical model capable of predicting their effective elastic modulus was developed based on energy conservation principles and verified by finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments. The experimental and simulation results demonstrate that the CAMSs containing the rotational polygonal, chirality, and re-entrant auxetic mechanisms could exhibit the NPR effect in a large compression strain range of 0–0.8, high load-bearing capacity, large energy absorption, and advantages in mitigating the effects of viscosity and reducing the risk of fracture. This research provides valuable insights for overcoming existing limitations and advancing the multifunctionality of 3D auxetic structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109981"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaodong Wu , Tianyu Hu , Nima Khodadadi , Antonio Nanni
{"title":"Prediction on quasi-static compression deformation modes of circular tubes based on machine learning","authors":"Xiaodong Wu , Tianyu Hu , Nima Khodadadi , Antonio Nanni","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a methodology that combines finite element simulation and machine learning to predict the deformation pattern and the number of circumferential lobes of circular tubes. It calibrates the deformation modes with finite element simulation to obtain rich data and then classifies them through various machine learning models. In addition, it conducts refined classification and prediction on the number of circumferential lobes. By the performance of both the training and testing sets of the machine learning model, the random forest model delivers the best performance in predicting deformation modes. The classification accuracy, precision, and recall on the test set were 0.990, 0.937, and 0.987, respectively. The decision tree model demonstrates the best performance in predicting several circumferential lobes. The classification accuracy, precision, and recall on the test set were 0.978, 0.971, and 0.985, respectively. The machine learning model constructed in this study ensures precise classification and prediction of deformation modes for thin-walled circular tubes under given working conditions, making up for the insufficient experience in predicting the number of circumferential lobes. It has a guiding significance for the energy absorption evaluation of thin-walled structures and also guides the design and optimization of thin-walled circular tube dimensions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109993"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of fracture parameters for three-dimensional cracks by a hierarchical quadrature element method","authors":"Wei Xiang , Ming Chen , Yifeng Tian , Bo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work integrates the hierarchical quadrature element method (HQEM), which is known to have <em>p</em>-convergence, into the virtual crack closure method (VCCM) to evaluate fracture parameters for three-dimensional (3D) crack configurations. The prerequisite of the VCCM when dealing with 3D crack problems is the orthogonality of mesh arrangement in the vicinity of the crack front, which cannot be strictly met when traditional <em>h</em>-version finite element methods are employed. Compared with the <em>h</em>-version methods, one of the distinguished advantages of the HQEM is its simplicity in pre-processing, which is helpful to solve the difficulty of orthogonal mesh generation.</div><div>The technical details regarding the combination of HQEM and VCCM are illustrated in this work. Firstly, the method of generating higher-order mesh which strictly meets the orthogonality requirement is proposed. Then, a universal formula for crack closure integral is proposed for hexahedral hierarchical quadrature element, regardless of node arrangements and the number of nodes per element boundary. In addition, the subdomain integration technique is incorporated to estimate SIFs at a large number of subsegments along the crack front under a coarse mesh consisting of only a few elements. The effectiveness and accuracy of the present method are verified by several typical numerical examples, including through-the-thickness cracks, embedded elliptical cracks and semi-elliptical surface cracks. The results show that with only one or two elements arranged along the crack front, the present method is capable of easily and accurately obtaining the SIF distribution of 3D crack configurations with straight or curved crack fronts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109954"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenhao Ji , Zhaoyuan Yu , Hongwei Ma , Wei Sun , Tianzhi Yang
{"title":"Hyper-reduction modeling and energy transfer analysis of fluid-transporting series-parallel pipes","authors":"Wenhao Ji , Zhaoyuan Yu , Hongwei Ma , Wei Sun , Tianzhi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes a parameterized hyper-reduction modeling method for the fluid-transporting series-parallel pipe systems using the improved transfer matrix method of the multi-body system (MSTMM) and FEM (FEM-IMSTMM), which can predict the dynamic stress response of pipe systems efficiently and accurately. Furthermore, a camera-based vibration test is conducted to obtain the global vibration responses of the pipe systems, followed by energy transfer analysis between pipes through structural intensity analysis. Specifically, the improvements of the improved MSTMM are twofold: firstly, pre-processing of the substructure boundaries is achieved by constructing virtual nodes and rigid binding, thus avoiding the ill-conditioned transfer matrix encountered when the MSTMM is directly applied to three-dimensional solid element models; Secondly, a state transfer matrix at parallel connections is constructed, thus extending MSTMM to parallel structures. Moreover, the FEM-IMSTMM sequentially achieves the reduction of boundary, internal, modal, and intermediate interface degrees of freedom (DOFs), and the number of DOFs of the final reduced-order model is only six times the number of pipes. Finally, the influence of series and parallel connection positions on the vibration transfer behaviors is analyzed, revealing rich vibration transfer phenomena, such as energy convection, convergence, and circulation transfer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109974"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stability conditions of tensegrity structures considering local and global buckling","authors":"Shuo Ma , Muhao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.109951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an approach for assessing the stability of tensegrity structures by examining local and global buckling behaviors. We employ the minimal coordinate to parameterize the tensegrity configuration, incorporating nodal displacement and local bending deformation. A detailed formulation of the potential energy for tensegrity structures is presented under compression, tension, and bending. The formulation of the equilibrium equation is obtained using the principle of stationary total potential energy. Further, we study the stiffness characteristic of the structure by developing the tangent stiffness matrix. The equilibrium and stiffness of tensegrity structures with consideration of initially crooked members are derived. Our findings indicate that local and global buckling behaviors remain independent in perfect straight axial force member assumptions while they become coupled with consideration of initially crooked members. The critical buckling load of tensegrity structures under external load can be calculated by a generalized eigenvalue problem. The proposed method is also applicable to cable nets, trusses, and space frames.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109951"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}