Seong Jae Choi, Shuaifeng Li, Yu Bin Oh, Jinkyu Yang
{"title":"Frequency-switchable edge modes in Miura-folded checkerboard metamaterials","authors":"Seong Jae Choi, Shuaifeng Li, Yu Bin Oh, Jinkyu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110589","url":null,"abstract":"Miura-ori is a space-efficient paper folding shape, characterized by its doubly corrugated geometry along two orthogonal directions. Despite the rich tunability of its geometrical properties, the design of Miura-ori to realize topological edge states is still in its infancy. In our work, by optimally adjusting the folding angle and the acute angle of the Miura-folded metamaterials, we conduct the Dirac cone engineering by inducing a double Dirac cone in the band structure. We then show the emergence of a complete band gap by breaking the intrinsic glide reflection symmetry of the Miura-ori in two distinct ways, leading to configurations with opposite topological phases labeled as the inverted and everted models. Combining these two metamaterials forms edge modes propagating along the interfaces and boundaries. Especially, we demonstrate the frequency-switchable edge modes in a Miura-folded checkerboard metamaterial consisting of the two opposite topological phases, controlling several edge routing types. The edge mode switching in Miura-folded metamaterials hold significant potentials in edge wave control and energy harvesting in origami structures.","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Negative stiffness mechanical metamaterial with controllably programmable bandgaps","authors":"Wenyou Zha, Rui Yang, Yongtao Yao, Yanju Liu, Jinsong Leng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110614","url":null,"abstract":"Materials with wide bandgap distributions have significant potential in the development of novel vibration isolation and damping systems, especially for aerospace and automotive applications. Three mechanical metamaterials were proposed, consisting of negative stiffness elements, honeycomb structures, and resonators, with the negative stiffness elements fabricated from shape memory polymers. By integrating the tunability of smart materials and analyzing from the perspective of phononic crystals, the metamaterials exhibit programmable and highly tunable bandgap properties. The results show that the configuration of negative stiffness elements directly affects the equivalent stiffness of the metamaterial, thereby altering its dispersion relation and transmission properties. The impact of geometric parameters on the modulation of bandgap frequency and transmission properties is systematically verified. Furthermore, two reversible methods, shape memory shape programming and stiffness programming are proposed. The highly nonlinear and impedance mismatch characteristics of the programming structures enable bandgap adjustment under complex loading conditions, achieving full-band vibration isolation within the 1000Hz frequency range. Additionally, interfaces with different gradients can accurately control the transmission and blocking of excitation frequencies. Programmable coordination based on mechanical pixels ensures the integration of negative stiffness mechanical metamaterials in high precision devices.","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khaireddine Sabbagh, Rawdha Kessentini, Olga Klinkova, Imad Tawfiq, Chokri Bouraoui
{"title":"Long-term Moisture Degradation of Rubber/Bamboo-Epoxy Composites","authors":"Khaireddine Sabbagh, Rawdha Kessentini, Olga Klinkova, Imad Tawfiq, Chokri Bouraoui","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110618","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a layered approach to understanding the environmental degradation of bamboo/epoxy/rubber bio-composites, focusing on the coupled effects of moisture diffusion, thermal exposure, and mechanical loading. Inspired by the structural concept of a conventional table tennis racket, a hybrid laminate assembly was developed using unidirectional bamboo fibers embedded in an epoxy matrix, with rubber skin layers introduced for enhanced damping and flexibility. The long-term durability of the composite was assessed through a combination of experimental investigation, analytical modeling, and environmental aging protocols. Moisture uptake behavior was characterized under three exposure conditions: 60% RH, 83.5% RH, and full water immersion at 30°C. Bamboo/epoxy composite substrate followed Fickian diffusion, while rubber layers exhibited Sequential Dual Fickian (SDF) behavior. Anisotropic absorption was observed, with longitudinal bamboo direction showing significantly higher uptake. Mechanical performance under compression was evaluated before and after aging, revealing the synergistic effects of hygrothermal and mechanical degradation. To capture this behavior, a hygro-thermomechanical extension of laminate theory was developed, enabling layer-wise prediction of stress distribution and diffusion kinetics under coupled environmental conditions. The findings offer new insights into the multi-physics degradation mechanisms of natural fiber composites and provide a framework for the design of durable, bio-inspired structural materials for sustainable engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A displacement equipartition structure assisted self-friction metamaterial for energy dissipation","authors":"Yunlong Cai, Zhuoyue Wang, Gentong Liu, Yi Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110627","url":null,"abstract":"To address the issues of low energy dissipation efficiency and significant force fluctuation in traditional series-connected negative stiffness metamaterials (NSMs), this study proposes a displacement equalization structure (DES) assisted self-friction metamaterial (DES-SFM). The DES-SFM employs an external bow-shaped frame to provide monostable restoring force. Its core energy dissipation mechanism, inspired by backpack buckles, consists of a friction system formed by vertical clamping beams with trapezoidal protrusions and horizontal cantilever beams, which synchronously exhibit negative stiffness behavior during snap-through events. The DES enables multi-level displacement equalization through geometric constraints provided by a rhombus linkage mechanism. The performance of the DES-SFM is validated via theoretical modeling, numerical simulations, and experimental tests. Results demonstrate that the energy dissipation efficiency of DES-SFM reaches 65.5%, and it exhibits excellent reusability. Adjusting the geometric parameters can further enhance the energy dissipation capacity. Moreover, it effectively reduces impact response time, achieving a maximum peak acceleration reduction of up to 95.8%. In the six-stage series configuration, the DES demonstrates a fluctuation suppression rate of 90%. The proposed DES-SFM provides a new solution for reusable buffering applications, while its DES design offers insights into load balancing in series-connected metamaterial systems.","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical properties of template-based 3D graphene foams via multiscale modeling","authors":"Weixiang Peng, Hortense Le Ferrand","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110621","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoporous graphene foams fabricated via template-based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) exhibit excellent tensile properties, including self-stiffening modulus, ductile fracture behavior, and exceptional damage tolerance at ultra-low densities, making them highly promising flexible electronics. However, the underlying mechanisms behind these properties remain unclear. Here, we propose an innovative approach to constructing template-based 3D graphene models by integrating computational algorithms to simulate the synthesis process and resulting structural morphology. Molecular dynamics (MD) and finite element (FE) simulations are then employed to analyze the tensile and compressive properties of the obtained 3D graphene foams. Additionally, scaling laws are derived to describe the relationship between mechanical properties and relative density, validated against experimental CVD data, confirming the accuracy and validity of this work. Finally, we conduct a detailed quantitative analysis of the microstructural mechanisms driving self-stiffening and the transition from brittle to ductile fracture. This study offers valuable insights into the deformation mechanisms and energy absorption characteristics of template-based 3D graphene, enhancing our understanding of the structure-property relationships and expanding its potential applications.","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fatigue damage mechanism and life prediction of cold expanded holes","authors":"Kai-Shang Li, Lv-Yi Cheng, Xue-Lin Lei, Ti-Wen Lu, Xian-Cheng Zhang, Shan-Tung Tu, M.W. Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110622","url":null,"abstract":"Nickel-based superalloy hole structures in aerospace components are prone to premature fatigue failure induced by stress concentration and machining defects, posing significant risks to pressure-bearing critical structures. The cold expansion process (CEP) serves as an effective surface strengthening technique to enhance the fatigue resistance of hole structures. However, the limited understanding of cold expansion strengthening mechanism and the absence of robust fatigue life prediction method constrain the safe operation of the critical components with cold expanded holes. This study presents a multi-stage convex-hull rotary CEP engineered for small hole specimens with diameters varying from 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm. Experiments reveal a threefold improvement in fatigue life when the temperature is below 600 °C and the stress level is less than 800 MPa, providing a strengthening efficacy boundary in terms of the loading conditions for the developed CEP. The microstructure analysis demonstrates that the gradient nanocrystals and compressive residual stress formed on hole root improve fatigue life at lower stress and temperature conditions. Notably, the temperature elevation to 700 °C triggers nanocrystal coarsening and δ-phase stacking fault formation, leading to accelerated fatigue degradation. To predict the fatigue life of expanded hole structures, a data-physics hybrid-driven framework integrating dual-scale modeling with machine learning was developed, achieving both high prediction accuracy and computational efficiency compared with conventional methods. All results were confined within a ±3.0 error band based on the developed method, and the computational speed was improved by approximately four orders of magnitude. This work advances an anti-damage manufacturing technique of hole structures and provides an engineering-oriented life assessment method for surface strengthening components.","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical Behavior of Twisted Bilayer Graphene and Titanium Nanocomposites","authors":"Z.H. Fu, W. Zhang, Y.F. Zhang, H. Chen, A. Amer","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110616","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the mechanical behavior of twisted bilayer graphene (TBLG) and its reinforced titanium matrix nanocomposites (TBLG-RT) through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Young's modulus and shear modulus of TBLG are systematically calculated for the first time, across twist angles from 0° to 30° with 1° increments. Our results demonstrate that while Young's modulus exhibits minimal angular fluctuations, tensile strength displays anisotropic behavior: decreasing in the zigzag direction yet increasing in the armchair direction with larger twist angles. Furthermore, the shear moduli show negligible angular dependence across the studied range. A critical finding is that TBLG manifests transversely isotropic material properties at a critical twist angle of approximately 29°∼30°. Consequently, TBLG with a 29.96° twist configuration is selected for titanium reinforcement in uniaxial tensile and shear simulations. and the TBLG with twist angles of 6.01° and 12.90° are used to verify the angle independence of TBLG-RT. The MD simulations reveal that even minimal TBLG volume fractions induce substantial mechanical property enhancements compared to pure titanium. However, significant discrepancies emerge between conventional micromechanical models (Rule of Mixtures and Halpin-Tsai) and MD-derived results at higher reinforcement fractions. To address this divergence, we propose modified versions of these models calibrated against MD simulation data, enabling more accurate predictions of TBLG-RT composite performance. Furthermore, the modified micromechanical models establish a computational framework for tailoring graphene-reinforced composites across length scales, bridging quantum-scale MD insights with macroscopic engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coupled Leaf-like and Kresling Patterns for Origami-Inspired Soft Continuum Robots","authors":"Xiaolei Wang, Yichen Wang, Haibo Qu, Haoqian Wang, Wenju Liu, Jiaqiang Yao, Zhizhen Zhou, Sheng Guo, Jinkyu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110620","url":null,"abstract":"Origami and origami-inspired structures are widely utilized in engineering, and origami patterns—as well as their unique mechanical properties—are growing in variety as a result. Here, we create a novel crease pattern derived from Kresling origami by incorporating the rigid Leaf-like origami as a building block within the non-rigid Kresling origami. The resulting coupled Leaf-like and Kresling origami inherits foldability, multistability, and tunable stiffness, while also exhibiting opposite chirality and multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs). Owing to these mechanical properties and its enhanced flexibility compared to the traditional Kresling origami, the coupled origami is well-suited for applications in soft continuum robotics. To demonstrate its practical potential, two types of tendon-driven soft continuum robots—a manipulative robot and a mobile robot are constructed employing the coupled origami as their main body. Experiments validate the robots’ ability to perform various tasks and motions, including positioning, crawling, turning, and climbing. This study contributes to the advancement of origami design and broadens its applicability in the development of origami-inspired robotic systems.","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Niuniu Wang, Xuanxin Hu, Zhen Zhao, Hubin Luo, Lei Liu, Yong Ding, Zhuang Liu, Renjie Chen, Izabela Szlufarska, Aru Yan
{"title":"Plasticity Driven by Amorphous Shear Band: Role of Heterogeneity","authors":"Niuniu Wang, Xuanxin Hu, Zhen Zhao, Hubin Luo, Lei Liu, Yong Ding, Zhuang Liu, Renjie Chen, Izabela Szlufarska, Aru Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110608","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of amorphous shear bands in crystalline materials usually leads to brittle fracture. However, in some materials it was found to have the opposite effect, acting as a driver of plasticity. Recent research has found that this kind of shear-band plasticity should follow certain necessary conditions such as small density change (<6%) during amorphization and lower energy for shear-band formation than cleavage. This work demonstrates in an intermetallic that the shear-band plasticity can be greatly enhanced by introducing atomic-scale structural heterogeneity. The samples with such heterogeneity can be plastically deformed above a compressive engineering strain of about 5%, while the samples without the heterogeneity do not show significant plasticity even though the strain reaches 10%. Atomistic analysis reveals that the existence of soft and hard spots induces progressive formation and delocalization, rather than abrupt shear localization, of shear bands. This finding provides a potential solution to future application of such plasticity mechanism in developing new materials with high toughness.","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual-material TPMS metamaterial with High Load-bearing Capacity and Performance Stability","authors":"Yiting Guan, Xiaoyu Zhang, Xiaofei Cao, Haoming Yang, Siying Wang, Weidong Cao, Chunwang He","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110613","url":null,"abstract":"Attaining both high load-bearing capacity and excellent performance stability is a crucial requirement for most structural materials. Unfortunately, these two properties are generally difficult to implement simultaneously. This work presents a design approach that incorporates the dual-phase design principle into Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) metamaterial, aiming to provide valuable insights into resolving the intrinsic conflict between high load-bearing capacity and excellent performance stability. Quasi-static compression and three-point bending tests demonstrate that the dual-material design enhances both load-bearing capacity and performance stability by integrating and complementing the advantages of the two constituent materials. Furthermore, by compromising and controlling the relative proportions of the two materials, the dual-material configuration can be further optimized to achieve improved lightweight load-bearing performance while maintaining acceptable stability. Compared to the original dual-material configurations, the optimized design can achieve 76.64% and 45.04% improvements in specific Young’s modulus and <ce:italic>SEA</ce:italic>, respectively. Our work promotes the innovative development of design strategies for next-generation metamaterials with both high load-bearing capacity and excellent performance stability.","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}