International Journal of Mechanical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic characteristics analyses of coupled-multibody axial piston pump model","authors":"Shaogan Ye ,&nbsp;Chenliang Zheng ,&nbsp;Yue Bao ,&nbsp;Kefei Miao ,&nbsp;Huixiang Liu ,&nbsp;Shoujun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Axial piston pumps, renowned for their compactness and resistance to cavitation, often face stability and vibration challenges due to complex component interactions. This study proposes a novel multi-rigid-body dynamic model incorporating 18 lumped mass points (LMPs) and 90 degrees of freedom. Using the Lagrange equation and an explicit-implicit method, the model efficiently solves for transient dynamics and is experimentally validated. Parametric analyses under varying pressures and rotational speeds reveal that slipper pair friction dominates at high pressure and low speed, while centrifugal forces induce force reversals in critical regions at high speeds. Meanwhile, piston vibrations in the radial directions show resonance risks near the natural frequency of the system, with second-harmonic amplitudes exceeding the fundamentals under 8000 r/min. When under high-speed conditions, both the complexity and intensity of the vibration response are significantly amplified. Additionally, the power contribution analysis quantifies the influence of each excitation force on piston vibration. This work provides a validated framework for decoupling multi-body interactions, offering valuable insights for optimizing vibration suppression and enhancing stability in high-performance hydraulic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110379"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programmable inverse design framework for morphing hard-magnetic soft materials","authors":"Maoyuan Li ,&nbsp;Yifan Yang ,&nbsp;Ya Wen ,&nbsp;Jizhai Cui ,&nbsp;Wei Cheng ,&nbsp;Enming Song ,&nbsp;Fan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a type of shape-programmable soft materials, hard-magnetic soft materials (HMSMs) exhibit rapid and reversible deformations under applied magnetic fields, showing promise for soft robotics, flexible electronics, and biomedical devices. The realization of various controllable shape transformations is crucial to the rational design of relevant applications. However, due to highly nonlinear relation between large deformations and actuation fields, how to quantitatively design the residual magnetization distribution and driving magnetic field in the initial configuration to morph into a target shape remains a challenge. Here, we propose an inverse design strategy for targeted bending dominated deformations of hard-magnetic beam structures, which combines a 3D hard-magnetic rod model with intelligent optimization algorithms, enabling hard-magnetic beams to achieve multi-step pre-designed shapes by programming the magnetization densities and external magnetic fields in the initial undeformed configuration. Based on the proposed framework, we explore diverse target shapes under various magnetization modes, and compare the numerical accuracy and efficiency of three intelligent optimization algorithms. Moreover, we demonstrate multi-step inverse design examples in which the same sample achieves a flexible transition of various pre-designed deformation modes. The results demonstrate that the presented strategy offers an innovative and versatile approach for programmable inverse design of morphing magnetically-driven flexible devices and soft robotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110355"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced energy absorption of assembled honeycomb system under in-plane compression","authors":"Jiaming Lu ,&nbsp;Qijian Li ,&nbsp;Ruixian Qin ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Tianyi Li ,&nbsp;Hongzhe Niu ,&nbsp;Bingzhi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Honeycomb structures are widely used for energy-absorption subjected to in-plane and out-of-plane crushing loads. In our previous work, a self-locking honeycomb was proposed for energy absorption under out-of-plane compression, achieving an effective balance between fabrication cost and energy absorption performance in high energy absorption scenarios. However, the honeycomb energy-absorbing performance is obviously insufficient due to the degradation of self-locking stiffness for in-plane compression. To further improve the energy-absorbing performance of the honeycomb structure under in-plane loading, this paper adopts a foam-filling strategy to achieve the performance enhancement of the self-locking honeycomb structure. Firstly, the energy absorption characteristics of the self-locking structure during in-plane compression were investigated by numerical simulation. Secondly, relevant experiments were carried out to verify the accuracy of the simulation results. In addition, a theoretical model is proposed to quickly predict the structural energy absorption for in-plane compression. Finally, the effects of different compression velocities and boundary conditions on the structural energy absorption were analyzed. It is indicated that the foam-filled self-locking honeycomb structure can effectively enhance the energy-absorbing performance under out-of-plane loading, and provide effective stiffness constraints for the deformation of the bending plate inside the locking nodes to maximize the energy-absorbing efficiency. In particular, the energy-absorbing performance of the foam-filled self-locking honeycomb structure of the basic cell bending plate is closely related to the loading velocity and the boundary constraints, and the energy-absorbing efficiency can be further enhanced by setting the boundary constraints in the energy-absorbing structure design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110404"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crashworthiness of pomelo-inspired PLA structures with gradient cellular design","authors":"M Kathiresan ,&nbsp;Vasudevan Rajamohan ,&nbsp;Jose Immanuel R ,&nbsp;Surekha Gnanasekar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel approach to enhancing crashworthiness by investigating bio-inspired Voronoi panels modeled after the gradient cellular architecture of pomelo peel. The panels, fabricated using 3D additive fused filament fabrication (<em>FFF</em>) with <em>PLA</em>, feature controlled variations in cellular density, cellular-density-distribution, and wall thickness. A key innovation lies in the design of a centrally densified Voronoi configuration (VM100-CD50-T2), which closely replicates the natural porosity distribution present in the mesocarp region of pomelo fruit. Quasi-static in-plane compression tests, validated by finite element simulations using ABAQUS®, were used to evaluate critical crashworthiness metrics, including Load Uniformity Index (<em>LUI</em>), Crush Force Efficiency (<em>CFE</em>), and Specific Energy Absorption (<em>SEA</em>). Results show that increasing wall thickness significantly enhances <em>SEA</em> by up to 89 % in UM50 panels and that cell density distribution plays a critical role in load response. The VM100-CD50-T2 panel exhibited a 12 % increase in <em>SEA</em> and progressive collapse behavior with a 26 % reduction in initial peak load, demonstrating the structural advantage of a functionally graded cellular design. This work introduces a bio-inspired gradient design methodology with direct applications in lightweight, energy-absorbing components for automotive, aerospace, and protective systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110402"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stretch-induced wrinkling and post-buckling bifurcation in rectangular films: insights into energy barrier mechanisms","authors":"Xinghan Qiu ,&nbsp;Jiaming Guo ,&nbsp;Changguo Wang ,&nbsp;Huifeng Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Theoretical understanding is essential for revealing wrinkling mechanisms, characterizing wrinkle behaviors, and guiding the design of thin films. However, existing studies on stretch-induced wrinkling in thin films still exhibit significant limitations in describing non-uniform wrinkle characteristics and post-buckling bifurcation evolution. This paper presents a novel wrinkle bifurcation theory based on energy methods. An energy model for a single wrinkle stripe is first constructed, and the concept of bifurcation points is introduced to describe the onset of wrinkle evolution. Specifically, the theory addresses typical nonuniform and localized instability modes in rectangular thin films under tension. By decomposing the axial boundary conditions and incorporating both mechanical and geometrical properties, this approach accurately captures spatial wrinkle variations and provides a detailed post-buckling bifurcation analysis. The concept of energy barriers, along with the decomposition of total energy into stretching and bending components, is employed to elucidate the evolution mechanism of wrinkle bifurcation throughout the loading process. This study offers valuable insights for the mitigation and control of wrinkles in rectangular thin film structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110398"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear dynamics of gear transmission with an improved wear model","authors":"Zhengfa Li ,&nbsp;Zaigang Chen ,&nbsp;Liang Guo ,&nbsp;Wanming Zhai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gear teeth wear is an inevitable fault in the gear transmission system, which will change tooth profile shape, tooth contact behavior, and system response. Traditional tooth wear models have limited accuracy because they neglect both the worn tooth profile’s effect on contact pressure or the varying sliding distances of discretized points on the tooth profile. Therefore, an improved teeth wear model is proposed, considering the asymmetric contact pressure distribution and pressure concentration caused by worn teeth or corner contact, along with a new sliding distance computation method that addresses overlapping contact spots. Subsequently, the interaction between the teeth wear and gear meshing models is realized through iterative updates of the worn tooth profile, wear depth, and tooth contact force. Experiments or finite element results verify teeth wear and gear meshing models, and how varying wear depths affect contact force, contact pressure, mesh stiffness, and system nonlinear dynamics are studied. The results show that the generation mechanism of significant wear near the tooth tip is attributed to the pressure concentration effects induced by corner contact. Micron-level teeth wear significantly deteriorates contact pressure distribution and induces pressure concentration near the reference circle. Moreover, the teeth wear will reduce the number of mesh teeth and cause the system’s chaotic motion and motion-jumping phenomenon. This work enhances the gear wear model’s calculation accuracy and explores the gear wear effect mechanism on mesh characteristics and the nonlinear response of gear systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110399"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How rearfoot length influences the dynamics of flat-footed passive walking robots?","authors":"Zeyi Liu ,&nbsp;Jianshe Gao ,&nbsp;Qiang Liu ,&nbsp;Jianzhuang Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flat-footed passive walking robots have recently attracted increasing attention due to their ability to generate humanoid gait patterns. As a typical nonlinear system, subtle variations in structural parameters, particularly rearfoot length, can substantially affect gait characteristics. This paper examines the effect of rearfoot length on traditional gait parameters, such as step length and cycle time, as well as on the strike posture of the biped robot. Notably, cusp catastrophe phenomena are observed in gait dynamics, revealing new passive gait evolution routes and enriching the diversity of achievable gait patterns. Furthermore, novel self-organized structures, including quint points and non-quantum chirality structures, are identified in the flat-footed passive walking robot, resembling behavior observed in the double pendulum model. Finally, the effects of rearfoot length on the robot’s gait parameters are further validated through experiments on the Qualisys trajectory tracking platform. A deeper understanding of rearfoot length’s influences on passive dynamic walking provides new insights into human locomotion and lays a foundation for the development of efficient control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110337"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diamond nucleus doping induced non-uniform transition in polycrystalline graphite","authors":"Yaomin Li,&nbsp;Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanical behavior and phase transition mechanisms of nano-diamond (ND)-doped polycrystalline graphite (NG) heterostructures (NDG) are investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Simulations cover a range of loading conditions, uniaxial compression, triaxial confinement and shear, to examine stress-driven structural evolution and localized deformation responses. ND inclusions act as internal stress modulators, impeding shear band propagation and facilitating site-specific sp<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>–sp<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> transitions within NG domains. The emergence of metastable and twinned diamond structures is attributed to heterogeneous stress accumulation at NG-ND interfaces, with transformation efficiency governed by grain size, doping concentration, and pressure anisotropy. Under non-proportional triaxial loading, lateral confinement enhances structural stability and shifts the failure mode from plastic deformation to transformation-driven hardening. DFT results reveal that interfacial charge accumulation and out-of-plane lattice distortions reduce the energy threshold for sp<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>–sp<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> hybridization. A comparative grain boundary (GB) model highlights the role of amorphous GBs in modulating local stress distributions and charge localization, corroborating MD-predicted non-uniform transformation fronts. Moreover, orbital-resolved analysis shows that shear promotes charge polarization and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>/<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> orbital localization, acting as electronic precursors to phase nucleation. These findings establish a multiscale modeling framework that connects mesoscale stress fields with atomistic transformation pathways, offering insight into the design of structurally robust carbon-based composites under extreme mechanical conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110342"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electro-mechanical-acoustic coupled dynamic modeling and experimental validation of acoustic tweezer","authors":"Haoren Feng,&nbsp;Liang Wang,&nbsp;Wei Chen,&nbsp;Shun Zhang,&nbsp;Chunsheng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) imposed stringent demands on the quality of the ICF microspheres. To achieve non-destructive manipulation during the detection process of ICF microspheres, a novel piezoelectric acoustic tweezer based on the standing wave is proposed. This tweezer addresses damage issues caused by hard-contact handling by utilizing six piezoelectric plates and a metal container to generate controllable acoustic fields in water. Two acoustic fields are produced by exciting the 2nd- and 6th-order bending vibration modes of the container, respectively, each capable of transmitting and positioning microspheres. By adjusting the working sequence and duration of the two acoustic fields, microspheres with different diameters can be automatically sorted. Additionally, a visual feedback control system is developed based on the proposed acoustic tweezer, enabling closed-loop control of ICF microsphere motion. To reveal the vibration characteristics and distribution characteristic of vibration-induced acoustic field of the acoustic tweezer, a universal electro-mechanical-acoustic coupled dynamic model of the acoustic tweezer is developed for the first time using the transfer matrix method. The resonant frequency changes of the acoustic tweezer before and after adding water, the vibration shapes, the acoustic pressure distribution in water, and the magnitude of the acoustic radiation force acting on the ICF microsphere are calculated using this model. The correctness of the dynamic model is validated through vibration characteristic testing of the acoustic tweezer prototype. Finally, manipulation experiments of ICF microspheres are conducted. The results demonstrate that the proposed acoustic tweezer effectively facilitates the automatic transmission, positioning, and diameter sorting of ICF microspheres. The acoustic tweezer holds the advantages of non-destructive, high-precision, favorable controllability, and easy manufacturing, presenting a significant potential application for non-destructive detection of ICF microspheres.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110390"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A digital twin framework for turbine blade crack propagation prediction","authors":"Xuanxin Tian,&nbsp;Shiyu Li,&nbsp;Heng Zhang,&nbsp;Qiubo Li,&nbsp;Shigang Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital Twin offers a novel methodology for structural health monitoring (SHM) across various fields. This paper proposes an integrated digital twin framework that combines monitoring and simulation for SHM and life prediction of critical structural components. The framework incorporates the Mask R-CNN network to extract damage-related features from structural response field images and employs the dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) coupled with parametric modeling for real-time model updating. A custom-developed visualization platform enables real-time representation of digital twin model. As a case study, the proposed framework is applied to turbine blades crack propagation, involving physical experiments, automated crack detection, digital model updating, and crack propagation life prediction. The results show that the framework achieves accurate crack identification, with a maximum inversion error of 10.5 %, and reliable life prediction, with a final error of 7.15 %. This study offers an efficient and practical approach for SHM and life prediction, offering significant potential for intelligent structural monitoring and predictive maintenance in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110396"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}