International Journal of Mechanical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Flow control of D-shaped bluff bodies using attached dual membranes","authors":"Lingwei Zeng , Hanfeng Wang , Xingjun Hu , Kai Zhou , Yuanye Zhou , Hui Tang , Zhaokun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a numerical investigation is conducted on the flow and aerodynamic performance of a <span>d</span>-shaped bluff body passively controlled by two flexible membranes affixed to its trailing. Despite the promise of passive flow control using deformable structures, this specific configuration has received limited attention in prior research. To address this gap, we systematically explore the influence of control parameters, i.e., membrane length and stiffness, on wake dynamics and force characteristics at a Reynolds number of 300. The results reveal that, relative to the uncontrolled bluff body, the integration of rigid membranes leads to notable reduction in both the time-averaged drag coefficient (<span><math><mover><mrow><msub><mi>C</mi><mi>d</mi></msub></mrow><mo>‾</mo></mover></math></span>) and the root-mean-square lift coefficient (<em>C<sub>l_rms</sub></em>). Moreover, control effectiveness improves with increasing membrane length, primarily by delaying flow separation and suppressing vortex shedding. Beyond rigid configurations, membranes with optimized flexibility exhibit even greater aerodynamic benefits, arising from qualitatively different fluid–structure interaction mechanisms that depend on the dynamic flapping behavior of the membranes. Within the explored parameter space, three distinct flapping modes are identified: chaotic flapping, contact flapping, and periodic flapping. Each mode exhibits characteristic kinematic behaviors and aerodynamic responses that significantly affect flow control performance. Among them, the contact flapping mode-defined by contact between two filaments yields the optimal performance gains locally, achieving a 23.0 % decrease in <span><math><mover><mrow><msub><mi>C</mi><mi>d</mi></msub></mrow><mo>‾</mo></mover></math></span> and a 92.6 % decrease in <em>C<sub>l_rms</sub></em> at a non-dimensional membrane length of <em>l</em>* = 2.0 and bending stiffness of <em>k</em>* = 0.01. The periodic flapping mode, characterized by sustained and regular flapping motion without filament contact, also demonstrates considerable performance improvements, achieving a 17.3 % reduction in <span><math><mover><mrow><msub><mi>C</mi><mi>d</mi></msub></mrow><mo>‾</mo></mover></math></span> and a 53.8 % reduction in <em>C<sub>l_rms</sub></em> at <em>l</em>* = 1.75 and <em>k</em>* = 0.1. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, a detailed investigation of the flow structures, pressure fields, membrane kinematics, and aerodynamic force components is conducted. This study provides the first systematic mapping and analysis of three distinct flapping modes in a <span>d</span>-shaped bluff body with dual membranes, establishing clear correlations with aerodynamic forces and flow structures. The insights gained from this study may enhance the understanding of fluid-structure interaction in passive flow control and offer valuable guidelines for aerodynamic optimization in related engineering applications.</div></","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 110910"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain rate effects on composite impact damage: BVID to perforation","authors":"Darko Ivančević,&nbsp;Jakov Ratković","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The work describes the development and application of a strain rate-dependent constitutive model for the simulation of impact damage in composite structures. The work is a continuation of the previous work by the authors with enhancements of the VUMAT subroutine that enable accurate determination of the full perforation threshold of the composite plates during impact events. The constitutive model has been extended by incorporating strain rate effects on the fracture energies in the transverse fracture modes. The improved compressive longitudinal failure initiation and evolution modelling has been incorporated by inclusion of shear stress contributions. Additionally, an Effective Failure Strain (EFS) element removal criterion is implemented to accurately capture the perforation of composite laminates. Thus, besides the improved longitudinal compressive damage modelling, the novelty of this study is found in combining it with the comprehensive strain rate dependence of the material properties and the employment of the EFS element removal criterion in impact damage assessment. These improvements enabled the distinction between BVID (low-energy conditions) and full perforation damage (high-energy conditions). Validation is performed by testing the simulation results obtained by utilising the enhanced VUMAT model with experimental data from the reference study. Impact simulations using a steel hemispherical impactor on the AS4/8552 carbon fibre/epoxy resin material system were performed at three different energy levels. The results have shown the importance of the inclusion of strain rate effects and delamination modelling. The effectiveness of the employed EFS element removal criterion in the assessment of full perforation of composite plates during impacts was proven.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110907"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An electro-thermo-mechanical peridynamic model for dielectric breakdown simulation","authors":"Tao Ni ,&nbsp;Mengjuan Li ,&nbsp;Federico Moro ,&nbsp;Mirco Zaccariotto ,&nbsp;Francesco Scabbia ,&nbsp;Ugo Galvanetto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dielectric breakdown in solids is governed by tightly coupled electro-thermo-mechanical (E-T-M) processes. Existing peridynamic (PD) formulations treat only mechanics in PD while discretizing the electrical and thermal fields with FEM/FDM, which can yield inconsistent electric force evaluations across discretizations. To address this limitation, we present a unified PD framework that solves the electro-quasi-static, thermal, and mechanical subproblems entirely within PD. New PD gradient and divergence operators recover electric fields from potentials and evaluate Lorentz and Kelvin body forces consistently with PD kinematics. The coupled system is advanced by a staggered E-T-M solution scheme. Four numerical studies demonstrate the capabilities and verification of the framework. (i) Deformation of a dielectric bar with a hole and (ii) dynamic crack propagation in a notched plate verify accuracy, show convergence, and quantify discretization effects and crack evolution. (iii) Breakdown of a dielectric polymer under electro-mechanical coupling validates the model, reproducing stochastic breakdown paths and strong field-failure feedback. (iv) High-voltage breakdown under full E-T-M coupling reveals tree-like breakdown patterns and rich multiphysics interactions. By computing electric forces natively in PD and eliminating cross-discretization inconsistencies, the framework closes a key consistency gap and enables predictive simulation of coupled E-T-M failure in dielectric materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110905"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel twisted cosine beam design for quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator","authors":"Xiangguo Gao ,&nbsp;Wei Tian ,&nbsp;Zhichun Yang ,&nbsp;Ning Chen ,&nbsp;Yizhou Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) vibration isolators, typically constructed using positive and negative stiffness elements, often involve relatively complex structural parameter designs. Cosine beams provide a more compact configuration for achieving QZS, but their performance is constrained by the apex height-to-thickness ratio. This study proposes a novel twisted cosine beam (TCB) structure, aiming to overcome the limitation of the apex height-to-thickness ratio of conventional cosine beams to achieve QZS. Static characteristics of the TCB are derived using a theoretical framework based on a chained-beam constraint model and validated through numerical simulations and experiments. The width and twisting angle of the TCB are identified as critical parameters for stiffness tuning to achieve QZS. The beam length primarily governs the QZS range and load-bearing capacity. Based on these principles, both single-layer and double-layer isolators are designed, and their dynamic responses are analysed using a harmonic balance method in combination with numerical simulations. Particular attention is given to the role of fractional derivative (FD) damping, which arises from the intrinsic properties of thermoplastic polyurethane. For the single-layer isolator, reducing the FD damping first induces a slight decrease in the initial isolation frequency, followed by a pronounced increase. Moreover, as the fractional order decreases from 1 to 0.2, the initial isolation frequency increases by approximately 65 %. For the double-layer isolator with distinct structural parameters in each layer, the lower-layer QZS configuration performs better at low frequencies, whereas the upper-layer configuration is more effective at high frequencies. Experimental evaluations further confirm that positioning the supported mass at the QZS location minimises the initial isolation frequency, thereby enhancing isolation efficiency. Thus, this study offers a compact and versatile approach to designing QZS vibration isolators, providing enhanced flexibility in parameter tuning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110909"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Void shape and orientation effects on anisotropic porous material formability","authors":"Muhammad Waqar Nasir ,&nbsp;Shuraim Muzammil ,&nbsp;Hocine Chalal ,&nbsp;Farid Abed-Meraim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of void shape and orientation on the Forming Limit Diagrams (FLDs) of porous materials with non-quadratic anisotropy. The constitutive framework integrates the Gologanu–Leblond–Devaux (GLD) damage model, which accounts for void morphology, with Barlat’s YLD-2004-18p non-quadratic yield criterion to capture metal matrix plastic anisotropy. The combined GLD-YLD model is further coupled with the Marciniak–Kuczyński (M–K) imperfection approach to predict FLDs for anisotropic sheet metals. Results demonstrate that void morphology considerably affects formability, with prolate (needle-like) voids enhancing material ductility, as compared to oblate (plate-like) voids, while spherical voids yield an intermediate behavior. Furthermore, the study highlights that the impact of material orientation on formability involves a complex interplay of several factors, which include coupled matrix-induced and void-shape-induced anisotropy, the relative angle between the rolling direction and void orientation, and void nucleation mechanism. The model predictive capabilities are assessed against experimental FLD data for two aluminum alloys. Although these alloys show only slight sensitivity to void morphology, due to low porosity, the void shape-dependent anisotropic GLD-YLD model better captures the experimental trends as compared to the undamaged isotropic von Mises model, which overly overestimates formability on the right-hand side of FLD. The role of isotropic hardening is also examined, which shows that higher hardening improves formability, and the effect is smallest for oblate voids under balanced biaxial loading. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating both damage and matrix-induced anisotropy in constitutive modeling for accurate FLD prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110902"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrete dislocation analysis on lattice rotation of optimized lath martensite","authors":"Fengwei Sun ,&nbsp;Qifeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Shengxun Wang ,&nbsp;Pingyi Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastic deformation of tempered lath martensitic steel (P91) is investigated with discrete dislocation plasticity method. Geometrically necessary dislocations (GND) are placed within an elastic crystal to model the effect of martensitic phase transformation. The optimized microstructure and formation of lath boundaries are investigated with discrete dislocation plasticity method. Slip system orientations and particles/inclusions such as <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>23</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> and MX are considered to reveal their effects on lattice rotation and formation of lath size and boundary. Tension of optimized martensitic crystal is carried out to investigate the motion of lath boundary and the resultant lattice rotation. It is found that lattice rotates not only towards theoretical [101] direction but also to the opposite direction [100] in tension due to aggregation of dislocations, which is consistent with experimental results. Hall–Petch relation does not hold for low-angle-boundary laths, because block is the smallest unit with high-angle boundaries to determine the overall mechanical response. The role of slip system angle, source and obstacle densities on the global stress–strain behaviours are examined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110882"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superior dynamic mechanical properties of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel","authors":"N.B. Zhang ,&nbsp;S.P. Zhao ,&nbsp;Y. Cai ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Xiangxiang Liang ,&nbsp;L. Lu ,&nbsp;S.N. Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steels (HNASS) exhibit superior properties over traditional austenitic stainless steels, their dynamic mechanical properties and corresponding microstructural evolution are rarely explored. In this study, dynamic mechanical properties of a novel HNASS, 10Cr21Mnl6NiN, are systematically investigated under the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) loading (1460–2830 s⁻¹ and 173–673 K) and plate impact (287–1990 ms⁻¹). An accurate Hugoniot equation of state is obtained. Compared with the typical austenitic stainless steel 316L (SS316L) with a similar texture and grain size, the Hugoniot elastic limit and spall strength of HNASS are <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>130% and 60% higher, respectively, and the dynamic yield stress at 2000 s⁻¹ is <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>150% higher due to nitrogen’s solid-solution strengthening in HNASS. The deformation mechanisms are strongly correlated with loading temperature and impact velocity. In the SHPB experiments, dislocation slip results in a <span><math><mrow><mo>〈</mo><mn>110</mn><mo>〉</mo></mrow></math></span> texture along the loading direction regardless of the loading temperature. Besides dislocation slips, stacking faults, the Lomer–Cottrell locks and nano-sized <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>{</mo><mn>111</mn><mo>}</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>〈</mo><mn>112</mn><mo>〉</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> deformation twins are found at room temperature. Cryogenic temperature promotes the FCC to HCP phase transition. In the plate impact experiments, no newly formed HCP phase is identified, and <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>{</mo><mn>111</mn><mo>}</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>〈</mo><mn>112</mn><mo>〉</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> deformation twins are only found at high shock stress. For spall damage, intragranular voids are predominant, and coalesce into cracks. Given the quasi-static, SHPB, and shock compression data, a modified Johnson–Cook and Cowper–Symonds (JC<span><math><mo>−</mo></math></span>CS) constitutive model is established, which can well describe the mechanical behavior of HNASS over a wide range of strain rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110897"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryogenic fracture modeling and prediction of Al-Cu-Mn alloy sheet","authors":"Fangxing Wu ,&nbsp;Yang Guan ,&nbsp;Aijun Xu ,&nbsp;Shaohua Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cryogenic ductile fracture model is important for guiding forming processes under complex stress and cryogenic temperature conditions. However, it is challenging to obtain reliable cryogenic fracture strains under biaxial tension and shear stress states. The elevated cryogenic friction exacerbates localized deformation in the traditional rigid punch bulging test. Serious torsion occurs in shear specimens due to the significantly enhanced hardening ability at cryogenic temperatures. Therefore, a free bulging device pressurized by liquid nitrogen was developed to obtain cryogenic fracture strains under a biaxial tensile stress state. A novel two-step hybrid method that accounts for edge damage was proposed to obtain cryogenic fracture strains under the shear stress state. The cryogenic fracture loci were established based on the advanced Lou-Huh fracture criterion using reliable cryogenic fracture strains under uniaxial tension, plane strain, shear, and equi-biaxial tensile stress states. Finally, a cryogenic material model framework, including non-associated anisotropic plasticity and ductile fracture, was applied in finite element analysis to predict fracture. The results showed that the proposed methods accurately determined the cryogenic fracture strains. The fracture strains of AA2219 at -196 °C under equi-biaxial tension and shear stress states were 0.7983 and 1.4460, which were 53.4% and 50.6% higher than those at room temperature. The developed cryogenic model framework for AA2219 effectively predicted the failure initiation location, morphology, and stroke under complex cryogenic stress states. Comparative experimental results showed that the deviation in the predicted failure stroke was less than 5.2%. This study provides a reliable modeling approach for optimizing cryogenic forming processes involving aluminum alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110904"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic characteristics and wear performance of foil bearings during start-up","authors":"Xuewei Zhao ,&nbsp;Changlin Li ,&nbsp;Jianjun Du ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Yong Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex structure and strong coupling relationships present significant challenges in studying the dynamic characteristics and wear performance of gas foil bearing-rotor system during start-up. Currently, most numerical studies simplify the start-up process as a sequence of steady operating conditions and neglect the transient rotor motion. Hence the dynamic characteristics during start-up remain inadequately studied. In this paper, a dynamic model is developed to study the start-up performance of foil bearings with consideration of the rotor motion. Additionally, few numerical works have considered the axial variation of the foil structure deflection, although experimental works have observed axially non-uniform distribution of bearing wear. To address this, the model employs a three-dimensional representation of the foil structure utilizing shell elements, with the Guyan reduction method adopted for computational efficiency. Due to the complicated coupling relationships between different domains, a simultaneous solution scheme is developed to solve the numerical model in a fully coupled way. The model is validated by experiments. The analysis indicates that the hydrodynamic pressure, asperity contact pressure and wear distribute non-uniformly along the axial direction during start-up, highlighting the importance of accounting for the axial variation of the foil structure deflection. Reducing the surface roughness or rotor mass can effectively reduce the wear of foil bearings during this operational phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 110903"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress measurement in pipelines using electromagnetic acoustic transducers","authors":"Sen Deng ,&nbsp;Guangzhen Xing ,&nbsp;Xinqi Tian ,&nbsp;Bo Zhao ,&nbsp;Weijia Shi ,&nbsp;Yeping Liu ,&nbsp;Jiubin Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress concentration is one of the main causes of failures in aircraft actuators and metal piping systems in ships. Traditional strain gauges can only measure stress at the bonding points, while X-ray equipment, being radiative and bulky, is unsuitable for on-site measurements. To develop a new method suitable for on-site stress measurement in pipelines, the nonlinear effects of metal pipes on guided wave velocity were investigated, and an attempt was made to establish a correlation between wave velocity and stress, enabling the back-calculation of the stress state in the pipeline through wave velocity measurements. The theoretical analysis assessed the sensitivity of specific guided wave modes to stress, and a novel electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) was designed. Its structure was optimized using the adaptive trust region Bayesian optimization (ATRBO) algorithm to selectively excite specific modes. Experiments demonstrated that this method achieves a maximum measurement error of 8.8 MPa and can complete pipeline stress scanning tasks with a spatial resolution of 100 mm. This represents a new method for stress scanning that does not require coupling, making it particularly suitable for non-contact on-site measurements in dense operational pipelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110889"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}