International Journal of Mechanical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Stretch-induced wrinkling and post-buckling bifurcation in rectangular films: insights into energy barrier mechanisms","authors":"Xinghan Qiu ,&nbsp;Jiaming Guo ,&nbsp;Changguo Wang ,&nbsp;Huifeng Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Theoretical understanding is essential for revealing wrinkling mechanisms, characterizing wrinkle behaviors, and guiding the design of thin films. However, existing studies on stretch-induced wrinkling in thin films still exhibit significant limitations in describing non-uniform wrinkle characteristics and post-buckling bifurcation evolution. This paper presents a novel wrinkle bifurcation theory based on energy methods. An energy model for a single wrinkle stripe is first constructed, and the concept of bifurcation points is introduced to describe the onset of wrinkle evolution. Specifically, the theory addresses typical nonuniform and localized instability modes in rectangular thin films under tension. By decomposing the axial boundary conditions and incorporating both mechanical and geometrical properties, this approach accurately captures spatial wrinkle variations and provides a detailed post-buckling bifurcation analysis. The concept of energy barriers, along with the decomposition of total energy into stretching and bending components, is employed to elucidate the evolution mechanism of wrinkle bifurcation throughout the loading process. This study offers valuable insights for the mitigation and control of wrinkles in rectangular thin film structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110398"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear dynamics of gear transmission with an improved wear model","authors":"Zhengfa Li ,&nbsp;Zaigang Chen ,&nbsp;Liang Guo ,&nbsp;Wanming Zhai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gear teeth wear is an inevitable fault in the gear transmission system, which will change tooth profile shape, tooth contact behavior, and system response. Traditional tooth wear models have limited accuracy because they neglect both the worn tooth profile’s effect on contact pressure or the varying sliding distances of discretized points on the tooth profile. Therefore, an improved teeth wear model is proposed, considering the asymmetric contact pressure distribution and pressure concentration caused by worn teeth or corner contact, along with a new sliding distance computation method that addresses overlapping contact spots. Subsequently, the interaction between the teeth wear and gear meshing models is realized through iterative updates of the worn tooth profile, wear depth, and tooth contact force. Experiments or finite element results verify teeth wear and gear meshing models, and how varying wear depths affect contact force, contact pressure, mesh stiffness, and system nonlinear dynamics are studied. The results show that the generation mechanism of significant wear near the tooth tip is attributed to the pressure concentration effects induced by corner contact. Micron-level teeth wear significantly deteriorates contact pressure distribution and induces pressure concentration near the reference circle. Moreover, the teeth wear will reduce the number of mesh teeth and cause the system’s chaotic motion and motion-jumping phenomenon. This work enhances the gear wear model’s calculation accuracy and explores the gear wear effect mechanism on mesh characteristics and the nonlinear response of gear systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110399"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How rearfoot length influences the dynamics of flat-footed passive walking robots?","authors":"Zeyi Liu ,&nbsp;Jianshe Gao ,&nbsp;Qiang Liu ,&nbsp;Jianzhuang Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flat-footed passive walking robots have recently attracted increasing attention due to their ability to generate humanoid gait patterns. As a typical nonlinear system, subtle variations in structural parameters, particularly rearfoot length, can substantially affect gait characteristics. This paper examines the effect of rearfoot length on traditional gait parameters, such as step length and cycle time, as well as on the strike posture of the biped robot. Notably, cusp catastrophe phenomena are observed in gait dynamics, revealing new passive gait evolution routes and enriching the diversity of achievable gait patterns. Furthermore, novel self-organized structures, including quint points and non-quantum chirality structures, are identified in the flat-footed passive walking robot, resembling behavior observed in the double pendulum model. Finally, the effects of rearfoot length on the robot’s gait parameters are further validated through experiments on the Qualisys trajectory tracking platform. A deeper understanding of rearfoot length’s influences on passive dynamic walking provides new insights into human locomotion and lays a foundation for the development of efficient control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110337"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diamond nucleus doping induced non-uniform transition in polycrystalline graphite","authors":"Yaomin Li,&nbsp;Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanical behavior and phase transition mechanisms of nano-diamond (ND)-doped polycrystalline graphite (NG) heterostructures (NDG) are investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Simulations cover a range of loading conditions, uniaxial compression, triaxial confinement and shear, to examine stress-driven structural evolution and localized deformation responses. ND inclusions act as internal stress modulators, impeding shear band propagation and facilitating site-specific sp<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>–sp<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> transitions within NG domains. The emergence of metastable and twinned diamond structures is attributed to heterogeneous stress accumulation at NG-ND interfaces, with transformation efficiency governed by grain size, doping concentration, and pressure anisotropy. Under non-proportional triaxial loading, lateral confinement enhances structural stability and shifts the failure mode from plastic deformation to transformation-driven hardening. DFT results reveal that interfacial charge accumulation and out-of-plane lattice distortions reduce the energy threshold for sp<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>–sp<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> hybridization. A comparative grain boundary (GB) model highlights the role of amorphous GBs in modulating local stress distributions and charge localization, corroborating MD-predicted non-uniform transformation fronts. Moreover, orbital-resolved analysis shows that shear promotes charge polarization and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>/<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> orbital localization, acting as electronic precursors to phase nucleation. These findings establish a multiscale modeling framework that connects mesoscale stress fields with atomistic transformation pathways, offering insight into the design of structurally robust carbon-based composites under extreme mechanical conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110342"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electro-mechanical-acoustic coupled dynamic modeling and experimental validation of acoustic tweezer","authors":"Haoren Feng,&nbsp;Liang Wang,&nbsp;Wei Chen,&nbsp;Shun Zhang,&nbsp;Chunsheng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) imposed stringent demands on the quality of the ICF microspheres. To achieve non-destructive manipulation during the detection process of ICF microspheres, a novel piezoelectric acoustic tweezer based on the standing wave is proposed. This tweezer addresses damage issues caused by hard-contact handling by utilizing six piezoelectric plates and a metal container to generate controllable acoustic fields in water. Two acoustic fields are produced by exciting the 2nd- and 6th-order bending vibration modes of the container, respectively, each capable of transmitting and positioning microspheres. By adjusting the working sequence and duration of the two acoustic fields, microspheres with different diameters can be automatically sorted. Additionally, a visual feedback control system is developed based on the proposed acoustic tweezer, enabling closed-loop control of ICF microsphere motion. To reveal the vibration characteristics and distribution characteristic of vibration-induced acoustic field of the acoustic tweezer, a universal electro-mechanical-acoustic coupled dynamic model of the acoustic tweezer is developed for the first time using the transfer matrix method. The resonant frequency changes of the acoustic tweezer before and after adding water, the vibration shapes, the acoustic pressure distribution in water, and the magnitude of the acoustic radiation force acting on the ICF microsphere are calculated using this model. The correctness of the dynamic model is validated through vibration characteristic testing of the acoustic tweezer prototype. Finally, manipulation experiments of ICF microspheres are conducted. The results demonstrate that the proposed acoustic tweezer effectively facilitates the automatic transmission, positioning, and diameter sorting of ICF microspheres. The acoustic tweezer holds the advantages of non-destructive, high-precision, favorable controllability, and easy manufacturing, presenting a significant potential application for non-destructive detection of ICF microspheres.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110390"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A digital twin framework for turbine blade crack propagation prediction","authors":"Xuanxin Tian,&nbsp;Shiyu Li,&nbsp;Heng Zhang,&nbsp;Qiubo Li,&nbsp;Shigang Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital Twin offers a novel methodology for structural health monitoring (SHM) across various fields. This paper proposes an integrated digital twin framework that combines monitoring and simulation for SHM and life prediction of critical structural components. The framework incorporates the Mask R-CNN network to extract damage-related features from structural response field images and employs the dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) coupled with parametric modeling for real-time model updating. A custom-developed visualization platform enables real-time representation of digital twin model. As a case study, the proposed framework is applied to turbine blades crack propagation, involving physical experiments, automated crack detection, digital model updating, and crack propagation life prediction. The results show that the framework achieves accurate crack identification, with a maximum inversion error of 10.5 %, and reliable life prediction, with a final error of 7.15 %. This study offers an efficient and practical approach for SHM and life prediction, offering significant potential for intelligent structural monitoring and predictive maintenance in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110396"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic failure mechanisms of cylindrical lithium-ion batteries under impact loadings","authors":"Zi-Xuan Huang ,&nbsp;Xin-Chun Zhang ,&nbsp;Li-Rong Gu ,&nbsp;Li-Qiang An ,&nbsp;Li-Xiang Rao ,&nbsp;Ying Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has been constrained by impact safety concerns. This study aims to provide novel failure mechanisms of LIBs under different impact loadings to improve their safety performance. Using a self-made dynamic in-situ monitoring system, the force-electrical-thermal evolution of batteries subjected to various punches are investigated and the effects of state of charge (SOC) are considered. The relationships between mechanical and electrical failure are established, and cross-scale failure behaviors are studied based on multi-physical responses and morphological characteristics. Furthermore, the failure displacement characteristics are analyzed under different impact masses and velocities. The results show that batteries impacted by a conical punch have the worst safety, while batteries impacted by a plane punch are exposed to potential safety risks without voltage drop. Electrical failure preceding mechanical failure is due to the inertial effects during impact. Punches with smaller size, larger mass, and higher velocity are more prone to trigger hard internal short circuits. In high SOC batteries, mechanical and electrical failure and thermal runaway occur later but more violently. Casing fracture and jellyroll shear fracture are key failure modes. Under ball impact, the active particle delamination and coating cracks emerge near cathode and anode fractures. Lamella fracture, fiber curling, and micropore closure occur near the carbonized area of separator. This study will provide methodology for LIB safety evaluation and crashworthiness design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110392"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of stress-strain curves with yield plateau using indentation","authors":"Xingmo Jin,&nbsp;Baoming Gong,&nbsp;Yong Liu,&nbsp;Caiyan Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Instrumented indentation technology has been recognized as an efficient method for determining the mechanical properties of metallic materials; however, it has been noted that existing research predominantly focuses on metals without yield plateau, which leaves a gap in understanding those that exhibit this behavior. In this work, a novel single indentation-based estimation technique is introduced, which synergistically combines the load-displacement curve with residual morphologies of indentations to accurately identify the tensile properties of metals with yield plateau. Through sensitivity analysis, the ratio of maximum pile-up height to maximum indentation depth and loading curvature is identified as key parameters for inverse estimation. The innovative approach employs artificial neural networks and optimization algorithms to establish a robust relationship between these parameters and tensile properties, significantly enhancing both prediction efficiency and accuracy. Validation across four different materials demonstrates the method's versatility and effectiveness, offering a groundbreaking approach for assessing the mechanical properties of materials exhibiting yield plateau.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110395"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-scale analysis of microstructural strengthening in ultrasonic-magnetic complex assisted WEDM-ECM","authors":"Yan Wang,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Chuangqi Wang,&nbsp;Tiancheng Li,&nbsp;Yizhang Chen,&nbsp;Wanlin Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an innovative ultrasonic (US) and magnetic field (MF) assisted wire electrical discharge machining-electrochemical machining (WEDM-ECM) complex process, designed to enhance the microstructural and mechanical properties of the surface metamorphic layers (SML). A thermomechanical coupling model was developed to characterize the distribution of temperature, stress and strain fields in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (NiTi SMA), and a model for the removal of RL under multi-field coupling was also established. Subsequently, a coupled finite element and cellular automaton (FE-CA) model was employed to investigate the microstructural evolution under dynamic thermomechanical coupling, elucidating the critical role of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) in grain refinement. Experimental and characterization analyses further validated the effectiveness of varying electrolyte effect, MF intensity, and ultrasonic amplitude in controlling the microstructural features of the SML. Cross-scale analyses integrating both microstructural and macroscopic properties revealed that the complex machining reduced the SML average grain size by 81.86 %, improved grain uniformity, and achieved a high-angle grain boundary (HAGB) proportion of 73.6 %, with a simulation error of 17.5 %, as compared with the traditional WEDM. Moreover, the process improved surface quality by reducing recast layer (RL) thickness by 51.0 %, enhancing hydrophobicity, and refining microstructure. This process demonstrates substantial potential in improving surface microstructure and mechanical properties, offering theoretical insights and practical guidance for the precision machining of high-performance materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110391"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process-induced influences on epoxy-based encapsulated reliability of high power modules","authors":"Chang-Chun Lee,&nbsp;Meng-Tse Chen,&nbsp;Jui-Chang Chuang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on a high-power module based on an insulated metal substrate (IMS) and an insulated gate bipolar transistor. Furthermore, this research aims to propose a process-oriented methodology of finite element simulation to describe the warpage behavior induced by the manufacturing of a high-power module with a thin IMS. Experimental data on the material properties of epoxy drive investigations into its influence on high-power modules on warpage in this study. The curing effect of thermosetting and the viscoelastic properties of epoxy are analyzed through the simulation integrated with isothermal and two-domain modified Tait models. The accuracy of the proposed methodology is validated through warpage measurements during each of the manufacturing processes, namely, assembly, reflow, housing, and curing. Moreover, this study conducts inspections to observe failure behaviors after thermal cycling tests (TCT) on the power module. Variations in the accumulated plastic strain energy density of the solder component under different thermal cycling loads through process-oriented simulation are examined, with and without consideration of the process effects. Subsequently, the ramp rate and dwell time of TCT are analyzed to determine the most influential design parameter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110394"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}