International Journal of Mechanical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"A thermodynamic-consistent phase-field model for fracture in temperature-dependent materials","authors":"Yaode Yin,&nbsp;Hongjun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel phase field method (PFM) for analyzing thermal fracture in temperature-dependent materials. The method is derived from a thermodynamically consistent framework that explicitly accounts for the temperature dependence of material properties, introducing new heat source terms related to strain rate, phase field rate, and phase field gradient rate. Building on phase field cohesive zone model (PF-CZM), the framework integrates a linear softening law to capture cohesive fracture behavior. The governing equations are solved using the finite element method, with focuses on the HHT-α method for dynamic stress equilibrium and penalization for crack irreversibility. Numerical examples, including 1D bar softening, dynamic fracture, and thermal shock fracture, demonstrate the model’s insensitivity to the internal length scale and its ability to capture interactions of thermoelasticity and fracture. Results highlight the localized temperature changes near crack tips and their dependence on loading rates, providing new insights into coupled thermoelastic fracture behavior. This work advances the understanding of thermal fracture in temperature-dependent materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110382"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotational control of droplet impact behavior on a soft substrate","authors":"Yulin Huang ,&nbsp;Hongrui Yang ,&nbsp;Rui Wu ,&nbsp;Weijian Wang ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Gao ,&nbsp;Xi Wu ,&nbsp;Chaofeng Lü ,&nbsp;Guannan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding droplet dynamics is essential for advancing biotechnology and material science. However, studies investigating droplet behavior on rotating soft substrates remain limited. This work addresses this gap by exploring the underlying physical mechanism of deionized water droplet dynamics and transport on rotating soft substrates, providing both experimental insights and theoretical scaling formulations. Unlike research on hard substrates, we introduce a modified maximum spreading factor <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>β</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mo>∼</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mtext>We</mtext><mo>−</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>for droplets impacting stationary soft substrates by incorporating substrate flexibility, which aligns precisely with our experimental data. For rotating soft substrates, the interplay between flexibility and air viscosity results in highly asymmetric wetting behaviors. Through theoretical and experimental analyses, we establish a scaling law for the contact area <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>β</mi><mrow><mi>max</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mi>β</mi><mrow><mi>max</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>∼</mo><mi>C</mi><msup><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mtext>We</mtext><mo>−</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>and an inverse scaling law <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>τ</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mo>∼</mo><mi>C</mi><msup><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>/</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mtext>We</mtext><mo>−</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>/</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> for the spreading time. The use of rotating substrates can reduce spreading time by as much as 24 %, showing its potential for enhanced droplet control. Furthermore, we identify a critical rotational speed Bo_r,c that triggers two distinct droplet impact behaviors, independent of impact velocity. These findings provide insights for control and directional transport in droplet screening and sorting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110369"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled modeling of rafting behaviour in nickel-based single crystal superalloys","authors":"Pin Lu ,&nbsp;Zixu Guo ,&nbsp;Xueling Fan ,&nbsp;Yilun Xu ,&nbsp;Yong-Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Wentao Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel-based single-crystal (NBSX) superalloys applied to turbine blades on advanced aero-engines, suffer from the creep degradation induced by microstructure evolution at high temperatures. Here, our experiments revealed a unique morphology change of γ' phase in NBSX superalloys during rafting, i.e. the fusion of adjacent γ' phase domains first appeared at both vertices of the vertical channel, rather than at the center of the channel. To comprehensively understand the mechanism of γ' phase domain evolution during creep, we integrate a cellular automata (CA) algorithm into a crystal plasticity finite element model (CPFEM) to simulate the evolution of γ' phase domains and creep deformation for NBSX superalloys. A microstructure evolution model is established to simultaneously capture the dissolution, coarsening, and rafting of γ' phase domains, which are implemented via a CA algorithm. The evolution rule of aluminum atomic equilibrium concentration driven by deformation energy, is introduced into the CPFEM-CA model to capture the unique γ' morphology evolution. The coupled model has been validated against experimental rafting data of NBSX superalloys. The results indicate that the observed unique rafting morphology is related to the element diffusion driven by deformation energy and leads to local stress concentration. The proposed CPFEM-CA model not only enhances the fundamental understanding of the γ' rafting behavior in NBSX superalloys, but also provides a powerful simulation tool for the creep behavior of γ'-strengthened superalloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110383"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programmable hybrid-drive actuator for compact and bimodal continuum robot modules","authors":"Haneol Lee ,&nbsp;Namsoo Oh ,&nbsp;Jin-Gyu Lee ,&nbsp;Hugo Rodrigue","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continuum robots have emerged as a promising solution for robotic applications ranging from medical interventions to structural inspections. However, their capabilities are often limited by restricted deformation modes and a reduced range of motion, especially when operating near their base due to the minimum length of conventional actuation modules. This study introduces compact hybrid-drive actuator modules that combine tendon-driven actuation with a network of inflatable tubes. This concept allows for building actuators that can switch between either extension and bending deformations or extension and twisting deformations depending on the configuration of the inflatable tubes. An axial tendon routed through the center of each module generates the deformation, while the inflatable tubes provide a controllable deformation bias that defines the actuation mode. This approach diverges from conventional continuum actuators which typically rely on the selective contraction of multiple tendons to achieve different deformation patterns. The use of inflatable tubes as structural elements also enables extreme compressibility, allowing the modules to occupy minimal space when not actuated. The developed bending/extension (B/E) actuator demonstrated a maximum elongation exceeding 660 % and a maximum bending angle of 80°, while the twisting/extension (T/E) actuator achieved a maximum elongation of 600 % and a bidirectional twisting angle of 120°. These modules were assembled into a continuum robot capable of operating effectively near its base, enabled by the combination of high compressibility and multimodal actuation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110380"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based inverse design of irregular phononic crystals","authors":"Xiao-Huan Wan,&nbsp;Yang Zhang,&nbsp;Qian-Hao Guo,&nbsp;Li-Yang Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing phononic crystals (PCs) with irregular scatterer geometries is a computationally intensive and challenging task, typically requiring iterative optimization and extensive numerical simulations. Here, we propose a deep learning (DL) framework capable of predicting geometric structures of PCs from specified dispersion properties. Our model comprises a convolutional autoencoder (AE) and a fully connected deep neural network (DNN). The AE extracts low-dimensional features from scatterer images and reconstructs predicted geometric structures in the inverse design process, while the DNN establishes the complex mapping between these geometric features and their corresponding band structures. Once trained, this model enabling the dispersion prediction and inverse design of the scatterers thus can be used to efficiently design PCs with desired properties, such as bandgaps and Dirac cone dispersions. Based on the DL model, we demonstrate the inverse design of a zero-refractive-index PC exhibiting a dispersion of triple Dirac point dispersion. Our study offers a robust and efficient tool for the design of PCs with complex scatterers, opening up new avenues for applications in acoustics, materials science, and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110335"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Customized lattices achieve high-load and broadband isolation for underwater actuators","authors":"Yanmiao Wang ,&nbsp;Jinbo Hu ,&nbsp;Chun Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanxi Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Chen ,&nbsp;Shuhua Peng ,&nbsp;Shuying Wu ,&nbsp;Junfang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yulin Zhang ,&nbsp;Long Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the need for lightweight, broadband vibration isolation in underwater actuators, this study introduces a novel sine-curved strut lattice (SCSL). The SCSL integrates sinusoidal geometry into conventional lattice structures to optimize mechanical properties and vibration isolation performance. Unlike traditional straight-strut lattices, the SCSL reduces nodal stress concentration while enhancing load-bearing capacity and energy dissipation. Its performance is validated through comprehensive testing, including quasi-static compression, dynamic isolation experiments, and evaluations under simulated underwater actuator conditions. The results indicate that the AF2Q1 structure achieves a 791 % increase in specific modulus and a 2.40-fold improvement in energy dissipation compared to the traditional BCC structure. Customized configurations (AF2Q05, AF2Q15) maintain stable damping under cyclic loading, showcasing long-term durability in repeated loading tests. Vibration tests confirm that the SCSL structure provides effective full-band isolation across a frequency range of 5–2000 Hz. The AF2Q15 isolator delivers a 6.72-fold increase in isolation bandwidth compared to traditional solid isolators under a 30° actuator rotation angle. These results position the SCSL as a robust solution for high load-bearing capacity and broadband vibration isolation in demanding underwater actuator applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110350"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress redistribution and toughness enhancement in chemo-mechanical mode II fracture","authors":"Jiajing Yin ,&nbsp;Xianfu Huang ,&nbsp;Quanzi Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemo-mechanical coupled mode II fracture frequently occurs in energy exploitation and national defense applications. In this work, we investigate mode II fracture behavior in corrosive environments and establish chemo-mechanical coupled models for complex stress conditions. In localized regions, chemical attack alters crack surface morphology and increases geometric bluntness at the crack tip, resulting in variations in stress distribution, which in turn influence localized corrosion rate. Over the whole specimen, corrosion modifies the critical cracking threshold and degrades structural strength. Additionally, the chemical field enhances the potential for plastic deformation in the structure. The interplay between chemical-induced strength loss and plasticity enhancement results in a nonlinear, non-monotonic relationship between structural toughness and chemical corrosion intensity, with a peak value approximately 20% higher than that of the uncorroded specimen in mode II fracture. Similar chemical toughening effects were also observed in mode I fracture, with enhancements reaching up to 90%. Theoretical predictions derived from the model show good agreement with experimental observations, confirming the reliability of the model under complex loading conditions. In conclusion, this work provides novel insights into fracture behavior under complex mechanical and chemical conditions, offering practical strategies for the prediction and control of fracture behavior in aggressive environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110360"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Interactions of Large-Scale Tandem Bubbles with a Rigid Wall","authors":"Rui Liu ,&nbsp;Zitong Zhao ,&nbsp;Jili Rong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In natural phenomena and industrial applications, bubble evolution is often governed by complex inter-bubble interactions and boundary effects. However, the evolution of tandem bubbles near boundaries has not been thoroughly investigated in existing studies. The interface-sharpening six-equation multiphase model is capable of accurately capturing rapid topology evolution at gas–liquid interfaces, enabling the prediction of complex phenomena such as bubble coalescence and collapse. In this study, the accuracy of the numerical model is validated through free-field experiment and the unified bubble theory. The numerical model simulates the evolution of single bubbles, tandem bubbles, and out-of-phase tandem bubbles near a rigid wall. The effects of inter-bubble distance (γ_<em>bb</em> ∈ [0.5, 1.6]) and out-of-phase parameter (τ ∈ [0, 1]) on bubble dynamics and wall impact are investigated, with particular attention to their influence on bubble penetration. The impact load on the wall is primarily composed of bubble collapse pressure, water-jet impact pressure, and bubble pulsation pressure. As γ_<em>bb</em> increases, the collapse mechanism of upper bubble transitions from water-jet induced mechanism to a local high-pressure induced mechanism, reaching the highest impact intensity at γ_<em>bb</em> = 1.2. As τ increases, the collapse mechanism of upper bubble gradually shifts from low-pressure bubble suppression mechanism to a local high-pressure induced mechanism. When γ_<em>bb</em> ≤ 0.9, the impact enhancement effect on the wall can be induced by adjusting the parameter τ, with the optimal impact enhancement occurring at τ = 0.833. These transitions in collapse mechanisms are further explained by the Kelvin impulse theory. The analytical conclusions provide valuable insights into the complex evolution of tandem bubbles near boundaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110372"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144088913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-way transmission of elastic waves in phononic beams","authors":"L. Chen ,&nbsp;C.Z. Zhang ,&nbsp;G.H. Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many researches on asymmetric or one-way transmission mostly focus on one mode type of the elastic waves, but there is little work on asymmetric transmission of multiple modes in the same structure. The beam-like structures are designed in this paper to allow four different modes of the elastic waves to be asymmetrically transmitted. We investigate the band structures of the designed phononic beams with both antisymmetric and symmetric structures are analyzed, and explanation on how a possible one-way wave transmission behavior can be obtained for four kinds of the elastic wave modes are given in details by exploiting the mode conversion and mode selection in the linear beam systems. The one-way transmission of the elastic waves in the phononic beams with a finite superlattice are numerically demonstrated. The results show that the incident waves of a considered wave mode are converted into another wave mode after passing through the superlattice in the forward direction but are rejected in the backward direction. The displacement field for different beam sections are calculated to illustrate the wave mode conversion and filtering phenomena.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110377"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trigonally and hexagonally symmetric TPMS metamaterials under compressive loading","authors":"Stephen Daynes","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing trigonally and hexagonally symmetric triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) sheet structures offers a new approach for creating lightweight and multi-functional metamaterials. Unlike the extensively studied TPMS structures with cubic symmetries, the mechanical response of trigonally and hexagonally symmetric TPMS sheet structures is in-plane isotropic and yet the properties out-of-plane can remain highly anisotropic. These novel trigonally and hexagonally symmetric TPMS possess the same advantages of the conventional cubic TPMS in terms of continuous, smooth shells, providing large surface areas and interconnected internal channels. This study examines the mechanical properties and energy absorption capabilities of two trigonally symmetric (GW, H) and three hexagonally symmetric (H’-T, H’’-R, T’-R’) TPMS sheet structures, made from polylactic acid (PLA) using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) under compression loading. The study also investigates the mechanical performance with Finite Element Analysis (FEA), where the universal anisotropy index is used to characterise stiffness anisotropy. Experimental and numerical results show that a wide array of mechanical responses is attainable with trigonally and hexagonally symmetric TPMS sheet structures, with the universal anisotropy index spanning two orders of magnitude from near elastic isotropy to highly anisotropic unit cells. Finally, an energy absorption diagram is presented to provide a systematic approach for selecting the optimal relative densities, topology, and orientation of trigonally and hexagonally symmetric TPMS structures in energy absorption applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 110375"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}