International Journal of Mechanical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Interfacial performance of slab track with gradient polymer-modified self-compacting concrete","authors":"Yanrong Zhang,&nbsp;Haonan Zhang,&nbsp;Liang Gao,&nbsp;Kai Wu,&nbsp;Yi Ding,&nbsp;Lei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excellent bonding and a moderate elastic modulus of self-compacting concrete (SCC) are crucial for reducing the interfacial damage of slab track and meanwhile avoiding a sharp decrease in elastic modulus. In this study, a gradient distribution of polymer in SCC was introduced to slab tracks for the first time, ensuring a significant enhancement of interfacial performance. An interface damage model of slab track was established to investigate the influences of mechanical parameters of gradient polymer-modified SCC and interfacial cohesive parameters on the interfacial displacement, stress and damage initiation. It is expected to improve the interfacial performance of slab tracks and bring new insights into the development of long-service-life slab tracks. Results indicated that the gradient elastic modulus effectively coordinated interface deformation and reduced the interfacial displacement and stress, minimizing the initiation of interfacial damage. The gradient Poisson's ratio had little influence on the interfacial damage. Moreover, the local accumulation of polymer on the surface of SCC significantly reduced both the interfacial normal and tangential stiffness, thereby lowering the interfacial stress. Additionally, the accumulation of polymers (≤ 20 %) enhanced the tangential cohesive strength of the interface between SCC and track slab. These effects led to a noticeable reduction in the damage initiation factor of the interface in the slab track.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110145"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wave and vibration attenuation in graded elastic metamaterial beams with local resonators","authors":"C.B.F. Gomes ,&nbsp;M.C.P. dos Santos ,&nbsp;B.C.C. Araújo ,&nbsp;F.N. Pereira ,&nbsp;E.D. Nobrega ,&nbsp;J.M.C. Dos Santos ,&nbsp;E.J.P. Miranda Jr. ,&nbsp;A. Sinatora","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the bending band gaps in an Euler–Bernoulli metamaterial beam with attached mass–spring resonators. The position and mass of the resonators were considered following three different configurations, given by the arithmetic, geometric, and quadratic progressions. With the extended plane wave expansion (EPWE), wave finite element (WFE), and wave spectral element (WSE) methods, complex dispersion diagrams were obtained, where the band gaps due to Bragg scattering and local resonance were analyzed. From the study of vibration via forced response, the results are confirmed also for finite structures. A coupling between locally resonant and first Bragg-type band gaps (<span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn>461</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>Hz</mi></mrow></math></span>) was observed considering a set of <span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn></mrow></math></span> resonators, increasing the wave attenuation region. The wave propagation and forced response simulations showed that the grading of the resonators’ positions can modulate the coupling between local resonance and Bragg band gaps, demonstrating the potential to enhance attenuation by leveraging the natural vibration frequency of graded resonators. The influence of the resonator mass was studied through parametric diagrams, where the change of the smallest part of the imaginary component of Bloch wave vector with the increase of the ratio between the mass of the resonators and the unit cell of the bare beam was observed. The dispersion diagrams and forced responses indicated that the best dynamic performance in terms of wave and vibration attenuation was obtained for simultaneous geometric progression in the resonator’s positions and arithmetic progression in the resonator’s mass, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"293 ","pages":"Article 110125"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-plane dynamic crushing and energy absorption of three-dimensional graphene","authors":"Xin-Liang Li ,&nbsp;Jian-Gang Guo ,&nbsp;Zhi-Na Zhao ,&nbsp;Li-Jun Zhou ,&nbsp;Xin-Ran Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Combining molecular dynamics simulations and theoretical modeling, impact dynamic behaviors of honeycomb three-dimensional (3D), triangle-like 3D and non-equilateral hexagon 3D graphene were investigated to elucidate the dependence of deformation modes, plateau stress, peak stress and energy absorption capacity of three kinds of 3D graphene on impact velocity and graphene sidewall width. The expressions of plateau stress and critical velocity between different deformation modes were given to analyze impact response. The results show that there are four deformation modes which are affected by impact velocity and sidewall width. During impact process, the stress-strain curve and energy absorption curve of 3D graphene can be divided into two stages, namely the stress plateau stage and van der Waals (vdW) hardening stage. The dynamic plateau stress at stress plateau stage increases with increasing impact velocity, and decreases with increasing sidewall width. The energy absorption at the stress plateau stage increases linearly with the increase of strain, and increases sharply at the vdW hardening stage. In addition, it is found that the peak stress is significantly affected by the impact velocity. The maximum energy absorption per unit volume at the end of impact increases with increasing impact velocity, and decreases with increasing sidewall width.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110146"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of leakage flow on sediment erosion in guide vane region","authors":"Zilong Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhongdong Qian ,&nbsp;Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The erosion of hydraulic turbine components in sediment-laden flows poses considerable operational and maintenance challenges in hydroelectric power generation. The current work is aimed at investigating the sediment erosion of a guide vane (GV), a head cover, and a shaft located within the GV region of a Francis turbine, particularly focusing on the effects of leakage flow. An Euler–Lagrange numerical method is used to predict erosion. Specifically, erosion-induced deformation is also considered by using a dynamic mesh. The distribution and intensity of erosion in the GV region, along with the erosion mechanisms associated with leakage flow, are thoroughly examined. Additionally, the impact of erosion-induced deformation on the flow pattern and erosion itself is analyzed. The results indicate that the head cover, as well as the leading edge of the GV and the shaft, sustains considerable erosive damage. Notably, erosion of the head cover is particularly severe and is exacerbated by increases in the mass flow rate or particle size. The leakage vortex, formed by the interaction of the leakage flow with the main flow in the GV region, is responsible for the severe erosion observed on the head cover. This leakage vortex attracts particles, which repeatedly impact the head cover at high speeds. Furthermore, these particle impacts lead to localized erosion-induced deformation, resulting in pit formation. The presence of the pit alters the flow characteristics near the wall region, causing more particles to collide with the pit and ultimately accelerating the erosion process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110122"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsupervised transfer learning for monitoring CFRP responses using discrete strains","authors":"Huai Yan,&nbsp;Songhe Meng,&nbsp;Bo Gao,&nbsp;Fan Yang,&nbsp;Weihua Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A deep learning (DL) model based on an unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) approach is developed to learn shared features from labeled simulation datasets and transfer them to unlabeled experimental data for predicting CFRP displacement response and delamination growth. Different from traditional transfer learning methods based on fine-tuning strategies, the UDA-DL model focuses on the unlabeled target domain, aiming to learn prior knowledge in the source domain data for transfer. Specifically, a DL model with an encoder-decoder architecture is first built to construct an inverse mapping between discrete strains and displacement responses. The model is verified to efficiently and accurately predict the displacement field based on strains. Furthermore, the impact of the number of strain points and data type on the prediction of the out-of-plane displacement field is discussed. Subsequently, the UDA strategy is introduced into the DL model, which realizes the transfer of simulated data to experimental data based on shared features extracted by domain separation. The comparison with experimental results confirms the potential of the UDA-DL model in the prediction of displacement fields and delamination growth. This study provides a promising solution to the challenge of state sensing with unlabeled monitoring data in structural health monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110142"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indentation of freestanding pre-stressed films: Extracting elastic modulus and pre-tension, elucidating finite-sized indenter effect","authors":"Shuyi Xiang ,&nbsp;Longkun Lu ,&nbsp;Zhibo Du ,&nbsp;Kaijie Wang ,&nbsp;Zhanli Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The indentation test is an important method for characterizing the mechanical properties of solid films. However, how to extract the elastic modulus of pre-stressed circular films through the indentation test is still debatable due to the transition between linear membrane, nonlinear membrane, and plate behavior. This study proposes a method for extracting elastic modulus and pre-tension of freestanding film simultaneously by integrating an indentation test and theoretical modeling. Firstly, we introduce the experimental setting and results of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films. The theoretical model for the cylindrical indentation of freestanding circular film is then presented, considering the combined contribution of pre-tension, additional stretching, and bending stiffness to mechanical response. After that, the elastic modulus and pre-tension are extracted by iteratively solving the full governing equations until the difference between numerical and experimental load-deflection curves is minimized. The asymptotic results derived from the full governing equations are compared with classical asymptotic solutions in the linear membrane, nonlinear membrane, and plate regimes to verify the theoretical modeling. Finally, the explicit indentation force-depth formula for the finite-sized indenter is proposed. The underlying mechanism of the synergistic effect of pre-tension, additional stretching and bending stiffness on indentation behavior in the transition region is elucidated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110141"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite deformations induce friction hysteresis in normal wavy contacts","authors":"M. Ceglie,&nbsp;G. Violano,&nbsp;L. Afferrante,&nbsp;N. Menga","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since Hertz’s pioneering work in 1882, contact mechanics has traditionally been grounded in linear elasticity, assuming small strains and displacements. However, recent experiments clearly highlighted linear elasticity limitations in accurately predicting the contact behavior of rubbers and elastomers, particularly during frictional slip, which is governed by geometric and material nonlinearity.</div><div>In this study, we investigate the basic scenario involving normal approach-retraction contact cycles between a wavy rigid indenter and a flat, deformable substrate. Both frictionless and frictional interfacial conditions are examined, considering finite strains, displacements, and nonlinear rheology. We developed a finite element model for this purpose and compared our numerical results with Westergaard’s linear theory.</div><div>Our findings show that, even in frictionless conditions, the contact response is significantly influenced by geometric and material nonlinearity, particularly for wavy indenters with high aspect ratios, where normal-tangential stresses and displacements coupling emerges. More importantly, interfacial friction in nonlinear elasticity leads to contact hysteresis (i.e., frictional energy dissipation) during normal loading–unloading cycles. This behavior cannot be explained in a linear framework; therefore, most of the experiments reporting hysteresis are typically explained invoking other interfacial phenomena (e.g., adhesion, plasticity, or viscoelasticity). Here we present an additional suitable explanation relying on finite strains/displacements with detailed peculiarities, such as vanishing pull-off force. Moreover, we also report an increase of hysteretic losses as for confined systems, stemming from the enhanced normal-tangential nonlinear coupling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110115"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design strategy of curved-beam based metamaterial with unprecedented lateral deformation mode transition","authors":"Jinyu Ji ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaogang Guo ,&nbsp;Daining Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanical metamaterials exhibiting unconventional Poisson's ratios hold significant promise for applications in flexible electronics, impact protection, medical devices, and shape-shifting structures. However, achieving complex Poisson's ratio behaviors—particularly nonlinear and directional-switching responses under large deformations—remains a considerable challenge. This study introduces a class of variable-thickness curved-beam metamaterials (VCBMs) capable of exhibiting intricate nonlinear lateral displacement responses, including direction-reversing behaviors, under large tensile strains. To enable the customizable design of VCBM unit cells with complex Poisson's ratio profiles, an inverse design framework integrating neural networks (NN) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. This framework facilitates the precise tailoring of VCBM unit cells with nonlinear, sign-switching force-lateral displacement curves and enables the development of spatially heterogeneous metamaterials with unprecedented lateral deformation transitions. As a case study, the framework is applied to create metamaterials that transition from a flat configuration to a dumbbell shape and subsequently to a vase-like form under uniaxial stretching. Both numerical simulations and experimental validations confirm the effectiveness of this approach, highlighting the unprecedented lateral displacement mode transitions under tensile loading. The proposed methodology lays the foundation for developing advanced reconfigurable metamaterials with versatile applications in mechanical systems, soft robotics, programmable materials, and medical devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110136"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A physics-informed neural network-based method for dispersion calculations","authors":"Zhibao Cheng ,&nbsp;Tianxiang Yu ,&nbsp;Gaofeng Jia ,&nbsp;Zhifei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of dispersion relations of periodic structures or elastic metamaterials is essential to understand and optimize their unique wave propagation characteristics. By integrating physical laws for the generation of physically consistent results without labeled data, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) offer a new perspective on scientific computation, which is a potential machine learning method in advancing the analysis and design of advanced materials. In this study, we introduce a novel PINN-based numerical method for the calculation of dispersion calculations of periodic structures. First, coupling the physical information of the dispersion problem of periodic structures and the neural networks PDE solver, the framework of the proposed method is constructed. Unlike those existing PINNs, the proposed PINN is designed for the first time to handle the dispersion problem as well as the equivalent eigenvalue problem. In particular, a unified framework is proposed to solve both the real and complex eigenvalue problems, from which the real and complex dispersion curves of periodic structures are obtained. Second, comparing with the analytical results, the correctness of the proposed method is validated. And, dispersion properties for propagative waves in pass bands and evanescent waves in stop bands are analyzed. Third, a comprehensive analysis of the convergence of the proposed method is performed. The Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK)-based adaptive loss weighting scheme is integrated into the proposed PINN to achieve the balanced convergence across different loss terms. Meanwhile, the Random Fourier Feature Mapping is implemented into the proposed method to mitigate the eigenfrequency bias problem. Comparison results demonstrate that such enhancements allow for a more accurate convergence. For the considered dispersion problem, a coherent convergence is achieved for all eigenfrequencies in the desired frequency range. In summary, the proposed physics-informed machine learning method is a promising computational method for the dispersion problem of periodic structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110111"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of elastoviscoplastic polymer flows in material extrusion additive manufacturing","authors":"Haifeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongjie Liu ,&nbsp;Fei Chen ,&nbsp;Wenjun Yuan ,&nbsp;Wentao Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the coupled effects of elasticity and plasticity in polymeric inks is crucial for improving strand quality and residual stress management in material extrusion (MEX) additive manufacturing (AM). However, these effects have been overlooked in existing studies. In this work, the Saramito model is employed to characterize the complex rheological properties of elastoviscoplastic (EVP) inks in extrusion and deposition. Parametric studies are conducted by varying the Bingham number (<em>Bi</em>), Weissenberg number (<em>Wi</em>), and the ratio of printing speed to extrusion speed (<em>v</em>/u). Results identify four distinct printing modes and reveal that high <em>Bi</em> leads to poor printing quality at non-optimal <em>Wi</em> and <em>v</em>/u. Additionally, an unbalanced distribution of residual stress is observed in the strand at higher <em>Bi</em>, and the shape of strands tends to be unsmooth. The normalized height (<em>H</em>/<em>D</em>) of the stable area decreases with an increase in <em>Wi</em>, while the normalized width (W/<em>D</em>) shows the opposite trend. Furthermore, the unyielded area and the distribution of residual stress inside strands show that the dominant mechanism transitions from plasticity and elasticity as <em>Bi</em> increases. The larger <em>v</em>/u leads to an elongated shape of the stable area, and an obvious neck appears between the head and the stable area. This work contributes to the understanding of plastic deformation of complex polymers in various flow states, thereby providing valuable guidance to MEX-AM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110139"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}