Plants-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Phenolic Compounds in Nectar of <i>Crataegus monogyna</i> Jacq. and <i>Prunus spinosa</i> L.","authors":"Katja Malovrh, Blanka Ravnjak, Mitja Križman, Jože Bavcon","doi":"10.3390/plants14132064","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14132064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Crataegus monogyna</i> Jacq. and <i>Prunus spinosa</i> L. are common spring-flowering species in Slovenia. They occur in large stands and sometimes overgrow in unmanaged meadows. They are known as an excellent source of nectar for bees and other pollinators. Phenolic compounds are known as antioxidant for both pollinators and plants. We were interested in comparing plant species in terms of their phenolic compound content: rutin, quercetin, (iso)quercitrin, chlorogenic acid, and hyperoside. Their nectar was obtained from both plant species in 2024 in Ljubljana and the area surrounding Ljubljana. We took 96 samples of each species. The nectar was sampled with microcapillary tubes and analysed by HPLC. When studying the influence of abiotic factors on the concentration of phenolic compounds, the correlations were weak, so we cannot say with certainty which environmental factors affect which phenolic compounds and in what way. Rutin is predominant in the nectar of <i>P. spinosa</i> and chlorogenic acid is predominant in the nectar of <i>C. monogyna</i>. Hyperoside is found in the lowest concentration in both plant species. We found that although <i>C. monogyna</i> secreted much less nectar at midday, it was more concentrated in phenolic compounds at this time than in the morning. In <i>P. spinosa</i>, nectar secretion was highest in the morning, and the concentration of phenolic compounds was also highest in the morning.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"StomaYOLO: A Lightweight Maize Phenotypic Stomatal Cell Detector Based on Multi-Task Training.","authors":"Ziqi Yang, Yiran Liao, Ziao Chen, Zhenzhen Lin, Wenyuan Huang, Yanxi Liu, Yuling Liu, Yamin Fan, Jie Xu, Lijia Xu, Jiong Mu","doi":"10.3390/plants14132070","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14132070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.), a vital global food crop, relies on its stomatal structure for regulating photosynthesis and responding to drought. Conventional manual stomatal detection methods are inefficient, subjective, and inadequate for high-throughput plant phenotyping research. To address this, we curated a dataset of over 1500 maize leaf epidermal stomata images and developed a novel lightweight detection model, StomaYOLO, tailored for small stomatal targets and subtle features in microscopic images. Leveraging the YOLOv11 framework, StomaYOLO integrates the Small Object Detection layer P2, the dynamic convolution module, and exploits large-scale epidermal cell features to enhance stomatal recognition through auxiliary training. Our model achieved a remarkable 91.8% mean average precision (mAP) and 98.5% precision, surpassing numerous mainstream detection models while maintaining computational efficiency. Ablation and comparative analyses demonstrated that the Small Object Detection layer, dynamic convolutional module, multi-task training, and knowledge distillation strategies substantially enhanced detection performance. Integrating all four strategies yielded a nearly 9% mAP improvement over the baseline model, with computational complexity under 8.4 GFLOPS. Our findings underscore the superior detection capabilities of StomaYOLO compared to existing methods, offering a cost-effective solution that is suitable for practical implementation. This study presents a valuable tool for maize stomatal phenotyping, supporting crop breeding and smart agriculture advancements.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-Wide Identification of <i>PP2C</i> Gene Family in Oat (<i>Avena sativa</i> L.) and Its Functional Analyses in Response to ABA and Abiotic Stresses.","authors":"Panpan Huang, Kuiju Niu, Jikuan Chai, Wenping Wang, Yanming Ma, Yanan Cao, Guiqin Zhao","doi":"10.3390/plants14132062","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14132062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) represents the largest and most functionally diverse group of protein phosphatases in plants, playing pivotal roles in regulating metabolic processes, hormone signaling, stress responses, and growth regulation. Despite its significance, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the <i>PP2C</i> gene family in oat (<i>Avena sativa</i> L.) has remained unexplored. Leveraging the recently published oat genome, we identified 194 <i>AsaPP2C</i> genes, which were unevenly distributed across all 21 chromosomes. A phylogenetic analysis of <i>PP2C</i> classified these genes into 13 distinct subfamilies (A-L), with conserved motif compositions and exon-intron structures within each subfamily, suggesting evolutionary functional specialization. Notably, a promoter analysis revealed an abundance of stress-responsive cis-regulatory elements (e.g., MYB, MYC, ARE, and MBS), implicating <i>AsaPP2Cs</i> in hormones and biotic stress adaptation. To elucidate their stress-responsive roles, we analyzed transcriptomic data and identified seven differentially expressed <i>AsaPP2C</i> (<i>Asa_chr6Dg00217</i>, <i>Asa_chr6Ag01950</i>, <i>Asa_chr3Ag01998</i>, <i>Asa_chr5Ag00079</i>, <i>Asa_chr4Cg03270</i>, <i>Asa_chr6Cg02197</i>, and <i>Asa_chr7Dg02992</i>) genes, which were validated via qRT-PCR. Intriguingly, these genes exhibited dynamic expression patterns under varying stress conditions, with their transcriptional responses being both time-dependent and stress-dependent, highlighting their regulatory roles in oat stress adaptation. Collectively, this study provides the first comprehensive genomic and functional characterization of the <i>PP2C</i> family in oat, offering valuable insights into their evolutionary diversification and functional specialization.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intercropping Lettuce with Alfalfa Under Variable Nitrate Supply: Effects on Growth Performance and Nutrient Dynamics in a Vertical Hydroponic System.","authors":"Luis D-Andrade, Nivia Escalante-Garcia, Ernesto Olvera-Gonzalez, Francesco Orsini, Giuseppina Pennisi, Felix Vega de Luna, Hector Silos-Espino, Cinthia Najera","doi":"10.3390/plants14132060","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14132060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vertical farming systems offer an efficient solution for sustainable food production in urban areas. However, managing nitrate (NO₃^-) levels remains a significant challenge for improving crop yield, quality, and safety. This study evaluated the effects of nitrate availability on growth performance, nutrient uptake, and water use efficiency in a vertical hydroponic system that intercropped lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>) with alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i>). The experiment was conducted in a controlled vertical hydroponic system using Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) channels, with nitrogen levels set at 0, 33, 66, 100, and 133% of the standard concentration. The results indicated that the intercropping treatment with 66% nitrate (IC-N_66%) improved water use efficiency by 38% and slightly increased leaf area compared to the other intercropping treatments. However, the control group, which consisted of a monoculture with full nitrate supply, achieved the highest overall biomass. Ion concentrations, including nitrate, calcium, magnesium, and micronutrients, were moderately affected by the intercropping strategy and nitrate levels. These findings suggest that moderate nitrate input, combined with nitrogen-fixing legumes, can enhance resource efficiency in hydroponic systems without significantly compromising yield. These findings offer a promising framework for incorporating legumes into hydroponic systems, minimizing the need for synthetic inputs while maintaining yield. These results support the use of agroecological intensification strategies in highly efficient soilless systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytological Observation of Distant Hybridization Barrier and Preliminary Investigation of Hybrid Offspring in Tea Plants.","authors":"Xiaoli Mo, Yihao Wang, Yahui Huang, Zhen Zeng, Changyu Yan","doi":"10.3390/plants14132061","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14132061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The undertaking of distant hybridization holds paramount significance for the innovation of tea germplasm resources and the cultivation of superior, specialized tea varieties. However, challenges manifest during the process of tea plant distant hybridization breeding, with reproductive barriers impeding the successful acquisition of hybrid progeny; the precise stages at which these barriers occur remain unclear. In this study, utilizing <i>Camellia sinensis</i> cv. Jinxuan as the maternal parent, as well as <i>C. gymnogyna</i> Chang and <i>C. sinensis</i> cv. Yinghong No.9 as the paternal parents, interspecific distant hybridization (DH) and intraspecific hybridization (IH) were conducted. The investigation involved the observation of pollen germination and pollen tube behavior on the stigma, the scrutiny of the developmental dynamics of the ovary post-hybridization, and the examination of the stages and reasons for reproductive disorders during tea tree distant hybridization. The findings indicate that both IH and DH exhibit pre-fertilization barriers. The pre-embryonic development of hybrids obtained from DH is normal, but there is a significant fruit drop during the stage of fruit development. The germination rate of mature seeds obtained from DH is low, and there are pronounced post-fertilization disorders, which are the primary reasons for the difficulty in achieving successful tea plant distant hybridization. An analysis of the genetic variation in phenotypes and chemical components in the progeny after distant hybridization revealed widespread variation and rich genetic diversity. The identification of progeny with a high amino acid and caffeine content holds promise for future production and breeding, providing valuable theoretical references for the selection of parents in the creation of low-caffeine-content tea germplasm resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protoplast-Based Regeneration Enables CRISPR/Cas9 Application in Two Temperate <i>Japonica</i> Rice Cultivars.","authors":"Marion Barrera, Blanca Olmedo, Matías Narváez, Felipe Moenne-Locoz, Anett Rubio, Catalina Pérez, Karla Cordero-Lara, Humberto Prieto","doi":"10.3390/plants14132059","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14132059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.), a staple food for over half of the global population, plays a pivotal role in food security. Among its two primary groups, <i>japonica</i> and <i>indica</i>, temperate <i>japonica</i> varieties are particularly valued for their high-quality grain and culinary uses. Although some of these varieties are adapted to cooler climates, they often suffer from reduced productivity or increased disease susceptibility when cultivated in warmer productive environments. These limitations underscore the need for breeding programs to incorporate biotechnological tools that can enhance the adaptability and resilience of the plants. However, New Genomic Techniques (NGTs), including CRISPR-Cas9, require robust in vitro systems, which are still underdeveloped for temperate <i>japonica</i> genotypes. In this study, we developed a reproducible and adaptable protocol for protoplast isolation and regeneration from the temperate <i>japonica</i> cultivars 'Ónix' and 'Platino' using somatic embryos as the starting tissue. Protoplasts were isolated via enzymatic digestion (1.5% Cellulase Onozuka R-10 and 0.75% Macerozyme R-10) in 0.6 M AA medium over 18-20 h at 28 °C. Regeneration was achieved through encapsulation in alginate beads and coculture with feeder extracts in 2N6 medium, leading to embryogenic callus formation within 35 days. Seedlings were regenerated in N6R and N6F media and acclimatized under greenhouse conditions within three months. The isolated protoplast quality displayed viability rates of 70-99% within 48 h and supported transient PEG-mediated transfection with GFP. Additionally, the transient expression of a gene editing CRISPR-Cas9 construct targeting the <i>DROUGHT AND SALT TOLERANCE</i> (<i>OsDST</i>) gene confirmed genome editing capability. This protocol offers a scalable and genotype-adaptable system for protoplast-based regeneration and gene editing in temperate <i>japonica</i> rice, supporting the application of NGTs in the breeding of cold-adapted cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Single-Pathogen Models: Understanding Mixed Infections Involving Phytoplasmas and Other Plant Pathogens.","authors":"Shao-Shuai Yu, Wei Wei","doi":"10.3390/plants14132049","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14132049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phytoplasmas are wall-less, phloem-restricted bacteria responsible for numerous significant plant diseases worldwide. An increasing body of evidence indicates that phytoplasmas can coexist with other pathogens in mixed infections, including various 16Sr group phytoplasmas, 'Candidatus Liberibacter' species, viruses, spiroplasmas, fungi, and other difficult-to-culture phloem-limited bacteria. These interactions challenge established views regarding the causes, detection, and management of plant diseases. This review consolidates existing knowledge on the diversity and epidemiology of phytoplasma-related mixed infections, with a particular emphasis on documented co-infections across various host plants and regions, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. Mixed infections affect disease severity, symptom expression, vector behavior, and pathogen dissemination, highlighting the limitations of pathogen-specific diagnostic and control strategies. The necessity for tools to detect multiple pathogens, enhanced understanding of pathogen-pathogen and host-pathogen interactions, and comprehensive surveillance systems is emphasized. Ultimately, breeding for resistance must consider the complexities of natural co-infections to ensure effective protection of crops. Addressing the challenges presented by phytoplasma-related mixed infections is crucial for developing resilient and sustainable plant health strategies in the face of increasing ecological and agricultural pressures.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dwarf Mistletoes (<i>Arceuthobium</i>, Viscaceae) of North America: Classification Systems, Phylogenetic Relationships, and Taxonomic Characteristics.","authors":"Shawn C Kenaley, Robert L Mathiasen","doi":"10.3390/plants14132051","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14132051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Arceuthobium</i>-the dwarf mistletoes-is a clearly defined genus of hemi-parasitic plants in the family Viscaceae. The genus occurs throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere; however, the greatest concentration of species and subspecies occurs within coniferous forests of western North America, where considerable research was executed in the mid-to-late 20th century to determine their geographic distributions, host specializations, and taxonomic boundaries. However, the last monograph of <i>Arceuthobium</i> presenting morphological, phenological, phylogenetic, and physiological information for N. American dwarf mistletoes was published in 1996, and since that time, no subsequent publications have presented taxonomic information for the present classification of N. American <i>Arceuthobium</i>. Thus, herein, we provide updated phylogenetic and taxonomic data for 44 taxa of <i>Arceuthobium</i> indigenous to N. America while simultaneously addressing knowledge gaps and suggesting future research to improve our understanding of these ecologically and economically important forest tree parasites. The present classification systems for and recent treatments of N. American <i>Arceuthobium</i> are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silvicultural and Ecological Characteristics of <i>Populus bolleana</i> Lauche as a Key Introduced Species in the Urban Dendroflora of Industrial Cities.","authors":"Vladimir Kornienko, Valeriya Reuckaya, Alyona Shkirenko, Besarion Meskhi, Anastasiya Olshevskaya, Mary Odabashyan, Victoria Shevchenko, Svetlana Teplyakova","doi":"10.3390/plants14132052","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14132052","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this work, we evaluated the silvicultural and ecological parameters of &lt;i&gt;Populus bolleana&lt;/i&gt; Lauche trees growing in conditions of anthropogenic pollution, using the example of one of the largest megacities of the Donetsk ridge, the city of Donetsk. The objectives of this study included determining the level of anthropogenic load of the territory; conducting dendrological studies to assess morphometric and allometric parameters, age structure, and condition of &lt;i&gt;P. bolleana&lt;/i&gt; stands under the influence of environmental factors; as well as completing biomechanical studies to assess and predict the mechanical stability of stands. A total of 1109 plants growing in areas with increased anthropogenic load and in the control areas were studied. The model territories of the study were located in the city of Donetsk on Fallen Communards Avenue (length of field routes: 2.6 km) and Ilyicha Avenue (length of field routes: 9.7 km). Control plantings grew on the territory of the Donetsk botanical garden and residential (dormitory) districts of the city. The age structure of &lt;i&gt;P. bolleana&lt;/i&gt; plantations remained uniform throughout the city for 50-55 years due to the fact that the landscaping was under a single state program. In the steppe zone in the south of the East European Plain, with a high level of anthropogenic load and severe natural climatic factors, the critical age of &lt;i&gt;P. bolleana&lt;/i&gt; (55 years) was determined. The condition of plantations and their morphometric indices correlate with the level of anthropogenic load of the city (H, Dbase, DBH). Under control conditions, the plants are in good condition with signs of weakening (2 points). Under conditions of increased anthropogenic load, the plants are in a severely weakened condition (3 points). A total of 25% of the plants in the sample are in critical condition (4-5 points). The main damages to the crowns and trunks of plants include core rot, mechanical damage to bark and tissues, the development of core rot through the affected skeletal branch, crown thinning, and drying. &lt;i&gt;P. bolleana&lt;/i&gt; trees are valued for their crown area and ability to retain dust particles from the air. The analysis of experimentally obtained data on the crown area showed that in the initial phases of ontogenesis, the average deviation in the crown area of plants does not depend on the place of growth. Due to artificial narrowing and sanitary pruning of the crown, as well as skeletal branches dying along the busiest highways, the values do not exceed 22-23 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; on average, with an allometric coefficient of 0.35-0.37. When comparing this coefficient in the control areas, the crown area in areas with a high level of anthropogenic load is 36 ± 11% lower. For trees growing under the conditions of the anthropogenic load of an industrial city and having reached the critical age, mechanical resistance varied depending on the study area and load level. At sites with a high level of pollution of the ter","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Biomorphs in the Teleorman County of Romania.","authors":"Maria Magdalena Cernat Popa, Carmen Otilia Rusănescu","doi":"10.3390/plants14132056","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14132056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study of flora is crucial for conserving natural resources and assessing human impact on the environment. This paper explores floristic diversity, the role of plants, and the integration of technology in botanical research. In the studied area, 462 plant species were identified. Bioform analysis revealed a predominance of <i>hemicryptophytes</i> (45.45%) and <i>therophytes</i> (26.19%), suggesting a warm climate and significant zoo-anthropogenic influences. Other bioforms were present in lower percentages. Most plant species in Teleorman County are mesophilic (39.39%) and mesoxerophilic (30.95%), indicating adaptation to moderate or slightly dry environments. Regarding temperature affinity, the majority are micromesotherms (62.98%), suited for mild thermal conditions. Soil reaction analysis showed a preference for weakly acidic neutrophilic (39.82%) and euryionic (33.76%) soils, indicating tolerance for neutral to slightly acidic pH levels. The research evaluates the structure and diversity of flora in Teleorman County and emphasizes the influence of climate factors such as humidity, temperature, and soil pH on species distribution. Using the transect method and fractal analysis, this study concludes that temperature is the dominant climatic factor shaping local biodiversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}