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Seasonal Variation in Root Morphological Traits and Non-Structural Carbohydrates of Pinus yunnanensis Seedlings Across Different Seedling Orders.
IF 4 2区 生物学
Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.3390/plants14050825
Zixing Pan, Zhuangyue Lu, Sunling Li, Jianzhen Liao, Chiyu Zhou, Lin Chen, Shi Chen, Nianhui Cai, Dexin Wang, Yulan Xu
{"title":"Seasonal Variation in Root Morphological Traits and Non-Structural Carbohydrates of <i>Pinus yunnanensis</i> Seedlings Across Different Seedling Orders.","authors":"Zixing Pan, Zhuangyue Lu, Sunling Li, Jianzhen Liao, Chiyu Zhou, Lin Chen, Shi Chen, Nianhui Cai, Dexin Wang, Yulan Xu","doi":"10.3390/plants14050825","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs), comprising soluble sugars (SS) and starch (ST), are essential for plant growth and development. The distribution of SS and ST concentration across various organs fluctuates throughout time due to the changes in root morphology in plants, ultimately demonstrating multiple strategies for adapting to seasonal environmental variations. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the seasonal dynamic patterns of root morphology in <i>Pinus yunnanensis</i>, with particular emphasis on specific root length (SRL), specific root surface area (SRA), root tissue density (RTD), and average diameter (AD). This study also aimed to investigate the seasonal fluctuation patterns of NSC. The SRL, SRA, RTD, and AD in both first-order and second-order seedlings had analogous fluctuation patterns from March to December. Although the SRL, SRA, RTD, and AD of third-order seedlings exhibited minor differences from the preceding orders, the overall variance patterns corresponded with those of the first two seedling groups. Consequently, the seasonal fluctuations in SS, ST, and NSC levels in various seedling orders exhibited patterns similar to root morphological characteristics. The SRL, SRA, and AD of three seedling orders exhibited a significant correlation with SS, ST, and NSC, confirming the link between NSC concentration and root morphology. The responses of SS, ST, and NSC in various organs of <i>P. yunnanensis</i> seedlings to root morphological characteristics further substantiated the correlation between the variations in NSC across different organs and root morphological traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Status on Genetic Resistance to Rice Blast Disease in the Post-Genomic Era.
IF 4 2区 生物学
Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/plants14050807
Rodrigo Pedrozo, Aron Osakina, Yixiao Huang, Camila Primieri Nicolli, Li Wang, Yulin Jia
{"title":"Status on Genetic Resistance to Rice Blast Disease in the Post-Genomic Era.","authors":"Rodrigo Pedrozo, Aron Osakina, Yixiao Huang, Camila Primieri Nicolli, Li Wang, Yulin Jia","doi":"10.3390/plants14050807","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice blast, caused by <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>, is a major threat to global rice production, necessitating the development of resistant cultivars through genetic improvement. Breakthroughs in rice genomics, including the complete genome sequencing of <i>japonica</i> and <i>indica</i> subspecies and the availability of various sequence-based molecular markers, have greatly advanced the genetic analysis of blast resistance. To date, approximately 122 blast-resistance genes have been identified, with 39 of these genes cloned and molecularly characterized. The application of these findings in marker-assisted selection (MAS) has significantly improved rice breeding, allowing for the efficient integration of multiple resistance genes into elite cultivars, enhancing both the durability and spectrum of resistance. Pangenomic studies, along with AI-driven tools like AlphaFold2, RoseTTAFold, and AlphaFold3, have further accelerated the identification and functional characterization of resistance genes, expediting the breeding process. Future rice blast disease management will depend on leveraging these advanced genomic and computational technologies. Emphasis should be placed on enhancing computational tools for the large-scale screening of resistance genes and utilizing gene editing technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9 for functional validation and targeted resistance enhancement and deployment. These approaches will be crucial for advancing rice blast resistance, ensuring food security, and promoting agricultural sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Symbiotic Effectiveness, Rhizosphere Competence and Nodule Occupancy of Chickpea Root Nodule Bacteria from Soils in Kununurra Western Australia and Narrabri New South Wales Australia.
IF 4 2区 生物学
Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/plants14050809
Irene Adu Oparah, Rosalind Deaker, Jade Christopher Hartley, Greg Gemell, Elizabeth Hartley, Muhammad Nouman Sohail, Brent Norman Kaiser
{"title":"Symbiotic Effectiveness, Rhizosphere Competence and Nodule Occupancy of Chickpea Root Nodule Bacteria from Soils in Kununurra Western Australia and Narrabri New South Wales Australia.","authors":"Irene Adu Oparah, Rosalind Deaker, Jade Christopher Hartley, Greg Gemell, Elizabeth Hartley, Muhammad Nouman Sohail, Brent Norman Kaiser","doi":"10.3390/plants14050809","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Root nodule bacterial isolates from field-grown chickpea were evaluated in glasshouse and field experiments based on infectivity, relative symbiotic effectiveness, nodule occupancy, plant yield and survivability in the soil rhizosphere for their use as inoculants to enhance chickpea production in Western Australia. Compared to the Australian commercial chickpea inoculant strain <i>Mesorhizobium ciceri sv. ciceri</i> CC1192, 10 new strains were 'fast' growers, averaging 72 h to grow in culture at 28 °C. The relative symbiotic effectiveness (RSE%) of the new strains in field experiments determined by shoot weight ranged from 77 to 111% in the Desi genotype (var. Kyabra) and 83 to 102% in Kabuli (var. Kimberley Large). Kyabra yielded greater output (2.4-3 t/ha) than Kimberley Large (1.2-1.8 t/ha), with mean 100 seed weights of 23 and 59 g, respectively. The rhizobial strains living in the rhizosphere presented a higher competitive ability for nodule occupancy than those in the bulk soil. Tukey's multiple comparisons test showed no significant differences between the nodule occupancy ability of the introduced strains (i.e., 3/4, 6/7, N5, N300, K66, K188 and CC1192) in either Kyabra or Kimberley Large (<i>p</i> = 0.7321), but the strain competitiveness with each cultivar differed (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) for some of the test strains. Strains N5, N300, K72 and 6/7 were the top contenders that matched or beat CC1192 in nitrogen fixation traits. These findings show that new rhizobial strains derived from naturalized soil populations exhibited better adaptability to local soil conditions than CC1192.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inducing Drought Resilience in Maize Through Encapsulated Bacteria: Physiological and Biochemical Adaptations.
IF 4 2区 生物学
Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/plants14050812
Tiago Lopes, Pedro Costa, Paulo Cardoso, José Almeida E Silva, Etelvina Figueira
{"title":"Inducing Drought Resilience in Maize Through Encapsulated Bacteria: Physiological and Biochemical Adaptations.","authors":"Tiago Lopes, Pedro Costa, Paulo Cardoso, José Almeida E Silva, Etelvina Figueira","doi":"10.3390/plants14050812","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Droughts are projected to become prevalent throughout the 21st century, endangering agricultural productivity and global food security. To address these challenges, novel strategies to enhance water management and augment plant resilience are imperative. Bacterial encapsulation has emerged as a promising approach, offering benefits such as enhanced bacterial survival, soil compatibility, and sustainable plant growth. This study evaluated the osmotolerance of bacteria from arid environments and determined their plant growth-promoting ability in drought conditions. The encapsulation of these bacteria in bio-compatible capsules led to a substantial enhancement in the performance of maize plants under drought stress. Maize plants treated with encapsulated bacteria demonstrated a 35% increase in root biomass and a 28% enhancement in shoot growth compared to untreated controls. Furthermore, significant physiological and biochemical adaptations were observed, including a 45% increase in photosynthetic pigment concentration and higher osmolyte levels, which contributed to improved drought stress tolerance. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of encapsulated bacteria to enhance maize resilience to drought, thereby supporting robust growth under water-limited conditions. This approach presents a sustainable strategy to improve drought tolerance, and it may reduce irrigation dependency and maintain crop yields in the face of increasing climate uncertainty.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unraveling the Mechanistic Basis for Control of Seed Longevity. 揭示控制种子寿命的机制基础。
IF 4 2区 生物学
Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/plants14050805
Shuya Tan, Jie Cao, Shichun Li, Zhonghai Li
{"title":"Unraveling the Mechanistic Basis for Control of Seed Longevity.","authors":"Shuya Tan, Jie Cao, Shichun Li, Zhonghai Li","doi":"10.3390/plants14050805","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seed longevity, which holds paramount importance for agriculture and biodiversity conservation, continues to represent a formidable frontier in plant biology research. While advances have been made in identifying regulatory elements, the precise mechanisms behind seed lifespan determination remain intricate and context-specific. This comprehensive review compiles extensive findings on seed longevity across plant species, focusing on the genetic and environmental underpinnings. Inter-species differences in seed lifespan are tied to genetic traits, with numerous <i>Seed Longevity-Associated Gene</i>s (<i>SLAG</i>s) uncovered. These <i>SLAG</i>s encompass transcription factors and enzymes involved in stress responses, repair pathways, and hormone signaling. Environmental factors, particularly seed developmental conditions, significantly modulate seed longevity. Moreover, this review deliberates on the prospects of genetically engineering seed varieties with augmented longevity by precise manipulation of crucial genetic components, exemplifying the promising trajectory of seed science and its practical applications within agriculture and biodiversity preservation contexts. Collectively, our manuscript offers insights for improving seed performance and resilience in agriculture's evolving landscape.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Kabuli Chickpea Genotypes for Terminal Drought Tolerance in Tropical Growing Environment.
IF 4 2区 生物学
Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/plants14050806
Megha Subedi, Mani Naiker, Ryan du Preez, Dante L Adorada, Surya Bhattarai
{"title":"Evaluation of <i>Kabuli</i> Chickpea Genotypes for Terminal Drought Tolerance in Tropical Growing Environment.","authors":"Megha Subedi, Mani Naiker, Ryan du Preez, Dante L Adorada, Surya Bhattarai","doi":"10.3390/plants14050806","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Terminal drought is the major constraint for chickpea production, leading to yield losses of up to 90% in tropical environments. Understanding the morphological, phenological, and physiological traits underlying drought tolerance is crucial for developing resilient chickpea genotypes. This study elucidates the drought-tolerant traits of eight <i>kabuli</i> chickpea genotypes under a controlled environment using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) lysimeters. Terminal drought was imposed after the flowering stage, and the response was assessed against non-stress (well-watered) treatment. Drought stress significantly impacted gas-exchange parameters, reducing the stomatal conductance (16-35%), chlorophyll content (10-22%), carbon assimilation rate (21-40%) and internal carbon concentration (7-14%). Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated three groups among these eight genotypes. The drought-tolerant group included two genotypes (AVTCPK#6 and AVTCPK#19) with higher water use efficiency (WUE), deep-rooted plants, longer maturity, and seed yield stability under drought stress. In contrast, the drought-susceptible group included two genotypes (AVTCPK#1 and AVTCPK#12) that were early-maturing and low-yielding with poor assimilation rates. The intermediate group included four genotypes (AVTCPK#3, AVTCPK8, AVTCPK#24, and AVTCPK#25) that exhibited medium maturity and medium yield, conferring intermediate tolerance to terminal drought. A significantly strong positive correlation was observed between seed yield and key physiological traits (stomatal conductance (gsw), leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) and carbon assimilation rate (A<sub>sat</sub>)) and morphological traits (plant height, number of pods, and root biomass). Conversely, carbon discrimination (Δ<sup>13</sup>C) and intrinsic WUE (iWUE) showed a strong negative correlation with seed yield, supporting Δ<sup>13</sup>C as a surrogate for WUE and drought tolerance and a trait suitable for the selection of <i>kabuli</i> chickpea genotypes for drought resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
South African Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used for Wound Treatment: An Ethnobotanical Systematic Review.
IF 4 2区 生物学
Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/plants14050818
Farzana Fisher Née Rahiman, Charlene Africa, Jeremy Klaasen, Randall Fisher
{"title":"South African Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used for Wound Treatment: An Ethnobotanical Systematic Review.","authors":"Farzana Fisher Née Rahiman, Charlene Africa, Jeremy Klaasen, Randall Fisher","doi":"10.3390/plants14050818","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial contamination of chronic wounds complicates their treatment. Traditional knowledge systems and the diversity of indigenous medicinal plants create a haven for traditional medicine practices in South Africa (SA). This systematic review aims to present a comprehensive ethnobotanical report of traditional medicines used in the documented empirical wound healing studies in SA. Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline EBSCOhost, Science Direct, and Scopus were sourced using the keywords/terminologies \"South Africa\", \"medicinal plants\", \"traditional medicine\" \"indigenous\", \"skin\", \"wound\", \"ethnobotany\", \"survey\", \"interview\", and \"treatment\" in different combinations. Relevant and unpublished records were retrieved from the Global Electronic Thesis Database. The searching process identified 32,419 records, of which 4005 studies were screened. Following the removal of 1795 duplicates, the remaining 2210 sources were screened by title and abstract, and 133 full-text reports were accessed and evaluated. Plants traditionally used for wound-healing purposes comprised 222 species belonging to 71 families, namely Asteraceae (predominantly the Helichrysum species), Asphodelaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. Plant organs used for medicinal remedies included leaves, roots, and bark prepared as poultices, infusions, decoctions, gel/ointments/lotions, and pastes. This review provides a valuable reference for future phytochemical and pharmacological studies and highlights the need for further ethnobotanical research to treat wounds in SA.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Maximizing Cannabinoid and Polyphenol Extraction from Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L. cv. Helena) Areal Parts: A Comparative Study of Ultrasound-Assisted and Conventional Methods at Two Harvest Stages.
IF 4 2区 生物学
Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/plants14050816
Zorica Lazarević, Anamarija Koren, Tijana Zeremski, Aleksandra Mišan, Nataša Nastić, Nadežda Stojanov, Senka Vidović
{"title":"Maximizing Cannabinoid and Polyphenol Extraction from Industrial Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. cv. Helena) Areal Parts: A Comparative Study of Ultrasound-Assisted and Conventional Methods at Two Harvest Stages.","authors":"Zorica Lazarević, Anamarija Koren, Tijana Zeremski, Aleksandra Mišan, Nataša Nastić, Nadežda Stojanov, Senka Vidović","doi":"10.3390/plants14050816","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, two extraction techniques, conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) techniques, were employed for the extraction of natural bioactive compounds (NBCs) from the areal parts of industrial hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. cv. Helena) at two harvesting stages: (i) the beginning of flowering and (ii) the full flowering of the hemp plants. In the conventional extraction, the effect of different extraction solvents on the extraction yield and the content of NBCs was examined. The extraction temperature, extraction time, and ultrasonic power were chosen for the process parameters in UAE. The highest value of the investigated responses in UAE-obtained extracts was higher compared to extract obtained with conventional extraction techniques when the same solvent was used (50% ethanol): extraction yield (17.54 compared to 15.28%), content of total phenols and total flavonoids (1.7795 compared to 1.0476 mg GAE/mL and 0.6749 compared to 0.3564 mg CE/mL, respectively) and cannabidiol (0.8752 compared to 0.4310 mg/mL). Comparing the plant material in different developmental stages, it can be concluded that hemp aerial parts at the beginning of the flowering stage represent a good source of the phenolic compound with sinapic acid and apigenin being dominant, while hemp aerial parts in the full flowering stage represent a good source of cannabinoids.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification and Characterization of Lipid Droplet-Associated Protein (LDAP) Isoforms from Tung Tree (Vernicia fordii).
IF 4 2区 生物学
Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/plants14050814
Alyssa C Clews, Payton S Whitehead, Lingling Zhang, Shiyou Lü, Jay M Shockey, Kent D Chapman, John M Dyer, Yang Xu, Robert T Mullen
{"title":"Identification and Characterization of Lipid Droplet-Associated Protein (LDAP) Isoforms from Tung Tree (<i>Vernicia fordii</i>).","authors":"Alyssa C Clews, Payton S Whitehead, Lingling Zhang, Shiyou Lü, Jay M Shockey, Kent D Chapman, John M Dyer, Yang Xu, Robert T Mullen","doi":"10.3390/plants14050814","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipid droplets (LDs) are cytoplasmic organelles responsible primarily for the storage of neutral lipids, such as triacyclglycerols (TAGs). Derived from the endoplasmic reticulum bilayer, LDs are composed of a hydrophobic lipid core encased by a phospholipid monolayer and surface-associated proteins. To date, only a relatively few LD 'coat' proteins in plants have been identified and characterized, most of which come from studies of the model plant <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. To expand our knowledge of the plant LD proteome, the LD-associated protein (LDAP) family from the tung tree (<i>Vernicia fordii</i>), whose seeds are rich in a commercially valuable TAG containing the conjugated fatty acid α-eleostearic acid (C18:3Δ<sup>9<i>cis</i>,11<i>trans</i>,13<i>trans</i></sup> [α-ESA]), was identified and characterized. Based on the tung tree transcriptome, three <i>LDAP</i> isoforms (<i>VfLDAP1-3</i>) were elucidated and the encoded proteins distinctly clustered into three clades along with their respective isoforms from other angiosperm species. Ectopic expression of the <i>VfLDAPs</i> in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> leaves revealed that they localized specifically to LDs and influenced LD numbers and sizes, as well as increasing TAG content and altering TAG fatty acid composition. Interestingly, in a partially reconstructed TAG-ESA biosynthetic pathway, the co-expression of <i>VfLDAP3</i> and, to a lesser degree, <i>VfLDAP2</i>, significantly increased the content of α-ESA stored within the LDs. These results suggest that the VfLDAPs can influence the steady-state content and composition of TAG in plant cells and that certain LDAP isoforms may have evolved to more efficiently package TAGs into LDs containing unusual fatty acids, such as α-ESA.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tomato Biostimulation with Nanochitosan-Iodine Complexes: Enhancing Antioxidant Metabolism. 利用纳米壳聚糖碘复合物进行番茄生物刺激:增强抗氧化剂代谢。
IF 4 2区 生物学
Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/plants14050801
Luz Leticia Rivera-Solís, Hortensia Ortega-Ortiz, Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza, María Liliana Flores-López, Armando Robledo-Olivo, Susana González-Morales
{"title":"Tomato Biostimulation with Nanochitosan-Iodine Complexes: Enhancing Antioxidant Metabolism.","authors":"Luz Leticia Rivera-Solís, Hortensia Ortega-Ortiz, Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza, María Liliana Flores-López, Armando Robledo-Olivo, Susana González-Morales","doi":"10.3390/plants14050801","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biostimulants are currently essential for agriculture as they increase crop productivity and quality sustainably. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of biostimulation on the application of nanochitosan-iodine complexes (nCS-I) on tomato plants. Leaf samples were taken for analysis of total protein content, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymatic activity, mineral and iodine contents, gene expression, and shelf life in tomato fruit. The catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased significantly with the application of nanochitosan (nCS) and nanochitosan-potassium iodate (nCS-KIO<sub>3</sub>) and nanochitosan-potassium iodide (nCS-KI) complexes and the iodine salts potassium iodate (KIO<sub>3</sub>) and potassium iodide (KI). The total protein content and photosynthetic pigments also increased significantly with the application of the treatments. The mineral and iodine contents did not change with the application of the treatments. Similarly, overexpression of the <i>SOD</i>, <i>GPX</i>, and <i>CAT</i> genes was observed. Finally, in the shelf life test, an increase in the total phenols and antioxidant capacity was observed with the application of the treatments. This study shows that the use of nCS-I complexes can modulate different transcriptional and post-translational processes with possible synergistic effects on the antioxidant metabolism of tomato plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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