Plant Defense Proteins: Recent Discoveries and Applications.

IF 4 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI:10.3390/plants14132069

Samuel O Shobade, Marit Nilsen-Hamilton, Olga A Zabotina

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Abstract

Proteins play pivotal roles in safeguarding plants against numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. Understanding their biological functions and mechanisms of action is essential for advancing plant biology, agriculture, and biotechnology. This review considers the diversity and potential applications of plant defense proteins including pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, chitinases, glucanases, protease inhibitors, lectins, and antimicrobial peptides. Recent advances, such as the omics technologies, have enabled the discovery of new plant defense proteins and regulatory networks that govern plant defense responses and unveiled numerous roles of plant defense proteins in stress perception, signal transduction, and immune priming. The molecular affinities and enzymatic activities of plant defense proteins are essential for their defense functions. Applications of plant defense proteins span agriculture, biotechnology, and medicine, including the development of resistant crop varieties, bio-based products, biopharmaceuticals, and functional foods. Future research directions include elucidating the structural bases of defense protein functions, exploring protein interactions with ligands and other proteins, and engineering defense proteins for enhanced efficacy. Overall, this review illuminates the significance of plant defense proteins against biotic stresses in plant biology and biotechnology, emphasizing their potential for sustainable agriculture and environmental management.

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植物防御蛋白：最新发现和应用。

蛋白质在保护植物免受多种生物和非生物胁迫方面起着关键作用。了解它们的生物学功能和作用机制对推进植物生物学、农业和生物技术至关重要。本文综述了植物防御蛋白的多样性及其潜在应用，包括致病相关蛋白（PR）、几丁质酶、葡聚糖酶、蛋白酶抑制剂、凝集素和抗菌肽。最近的研究进展，如组学技术，使得新的植物防御蛋白和调控植物防御反应的调控网络得以发现，并揭示了植物防御蛋白在胁迫感知、信号转导和免疫启动中的许多作用。植物防御蛋白的分子亲和性和酶活性对其防御功能至关重要。植物防御蛋白的应用横跨农业、生物技术和医学，包括抗性作物品种的开发、生物基产品、生物制药和功能食品。未来的研究方向包括阐明防御蛋白功能的结构基础，探索蛋白质与配体和其他蛋白质的相互作用，以及工程防御蛋白以增强功效。综上所述，本文综述了植物防御蛋白在植物生物学和生物技术中的重要意义，强调了它们在可持续农业和环境管理方面的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Plants-Basel Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

11.10%

发文量

2923

审稿时长

15.4 days

期刊介绍： Plants (ISSN 2223-7747), is an international and multidisciplinary scientific open access journal that covers all key areas of plant science. It publishes review articles, regular research articles, communications, and short notes in the fields of structural, functional and experimental botany. In addition to fundamental disciplines such as morphology, systematics, physiology and ecology of plants, the journal welcomes all types of articles in the field of applied plant science.