Food Analytical Methods最新文献

{"title":"Multivariate Optimization of a Green Microwave-Assisted Hydrogen Peroxide Digestion of Vegetable Oils and Subsequent Elemental Determination Via Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectrometry","authors":"Basil K. Munjanja,&nbsp;Oluseyi S. Salami,&nbsp;Kedibone N. Mashale,&nbsp;Philiswa N. Nomngongo,&nbsp;Nomvano Mketo","doi":"10.1007/s12161-024-02708-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12161-024-02708-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A microwave-assisted digestion technique based on dilute hydrogen peroxide (MW-AHPD) was developed for multielemental determination in vegetable oils. The determination of ten trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, Sn, V, and Zn) was conducted via inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) after digestion. The most influential parameters were investigated by using multivariate optimization tools (two-level full factorial and central composite design) with percent recovery as the chemometric response. The optimum conditions were 2.0 mol L⁻¹ (H₂O₂]), 156 °C (digestion temperature),  0.1 g (sample mass) and 50 min (digestion time). Under the optimized conditions, the efficiency of digestion was evaluated based on the residual carbon content (RCC) of the final digests. The RCC values were very low, ranging from 0.84 to 1.60% (m/m). The greenness of the technique was evaluated using the Analytical Eco-scale, and the proposed method was considered an excellent green analysis method with a final score of 90. The accuracy of the optimized MW-AHPD was evaluated by spiking sunflower, olive, and peanut oils at concentrations of 2.5 and 5.0 μg L⁻¹, and excellent recoveries between 90.3 and 107.3% were reported. The accuracy of the MW-AHPD method was compared with that of microwave-assisted digestion using concentrated HNO₃, and there was no significant difference between the two methods. The limits of detection ranged from 0.026 to 14.6 μg L⁻¹. On the other hand, the interday and intraday precisions were less than 6.67 and 6.96%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to determine the concentrations of trace elements in 5 vegetable oils on the South African market. Thus, MW-AHPD-ICP–OES is applicable for the determination of trace elements in vegetable oils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":561,"journal":{"name":"Food Analytical Methods","volume":"18 2","pages":"161 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12161-024-02708-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Carmine in Black Tea Based on UV–Vis Absorption Spectroscopy and Machine Learning","authors":"Xiaoyan Wang,&nbsp;Huichang Chen,&nbsp;Rendong Ji,&nbsp;Hailin Qin,&nbsp;Qinxin Xu,&nbsp;Tao Wang,&nbsp;Ying He,&nbsp;Zihan Huang","doi":"10.1007/s12161-024-02705-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12161-024-02705-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carmine is a common synthetic pigment widely used in food processing, pharmaceutical dyeing, and other fields. Black tea is a popular beverage among many people, and its tea pigments have antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. However, excessive addition of carmine in black tea can pose a threat to human health. This article applies ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) absorption spectroscopy technology to detect the carmine component in black tea and constructs a prediction model for the carmine content in black tea based on the Levenberg–Marquardt back propagation (LMBP) neural network and random forest (RF) algorithm. Firstly, 75 different concentrations of black tea-carmine solutions were prepared, and UV–vis absorption spectra were measured. Then, different methods were used to preprocess the spectra in different wavelength ranges, resulting in the optimal characteristic wavelength range of 400–600 nm, with the best preprocessing method being the combination of SG smoothing and normalization. Finally, the LMBP neural network and RF methods were applied to construct content prediction models for the carmine in black tea. The coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²) of the LMBP model corresponding to the test set was 0.99996, with the root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.0257 × 10⁻⁵, while the <i>R</i>² of the RF model based on the full spectral wavelength was 0.98339, with the RMSE of 1.1686 × 10⁻⁴. The <i>R</i>² value using the traditional Lambert–Beer law of the test set is 0.96673, while the <i>R</i>² value based on the nonlinear fitting method is 0.98074. This article verifies the superiority of the LMBP method in predicting the content of carmine in black tea through experiments, providing important reference value for tea quality supervision.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":561,"journal":{"name":"Food Analytical Methods","volume":"18 2","pages":"149 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of Trihalomethanes in Nile Tilapia Fillets Sanitized with Chlorine","authors":"Nelson de Abreu Delvaux Júnior,&nbsp;Maria Eliana Lopes Ribeiro de Queiroz,&nbsp;André Fernando de Oliveira,&nbsp;Antônio Augusto Neves,&nbsp;Fernanda Fernandes Heleno,&nbsp;Amanda Maria Leal Pimenta,&nbsp;Flávio Pinto Monção,&nbsp;Samy Pimenta,&nbsp;Louiza Lourrane Mendes Pereira,&nbsp;Luís Felipe Rodrigues Costa,&nbsp;Luciano Pereira Rodrigues","doi":"10.1007/s12161-024-02706-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12161-024-02706-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fish is a food with high nutritional value, but its quickly perishable nature requires a hygiene process to maintain product quality and increase shelf life. The aim of this study was to evaluate different concentrations of chlorine in the water used to sanitize Nile tilapia fillets on the formation of trihalomethanes (THM) in fresh and frozen products at different storage times. A completely randomized experimental design was used, in a 2 × 3 split-plot arrangement, with 15 replications; the plots consisted of fresh and frozen fish fillets, and the subplots consisted of the three chlorine concentrations in the water for sanitizing the fillets (100, 175, and 250 mg L⁻¹). Fresh fish analysis showed the following variations in THM levels: 1.4 to 6.8 μg kg⁻¹ (chloroform), 0.5 to 3.2 μg kg⁻¹ (bromodichloromethane), and 0.4 to 1.2 μg kg⁻¹ (dibromochloromethane). Bromoform ranged from 3.7 μg kg⁻¹ to undetected levels in the different tested storage times. Frozen fish analyses showed concentrations ranging from 2.1 to 5.2 μg kg⁻¹ (chloroform) and 0.6 to 2.0 μg kg⁻¹ (bromodichloromethane), while dibromochloromethane and bromoform levels were below the technique’s quantification limits in all storage times. THM formation depends on the binomial chlorine concentration in the washing water and time storage; fresh fish presented higher THM levels than frozen fish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":561,"journal":{"name":"Food Analytical Methods","volume":"18 1","pages":"140 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green and Low-Cost Method for Selenium Analysis in Beans by Photochemical Vapor Generation Coupled to Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (PVG-AAS)","authors":"Ana Clara C. Aragão,&nbsp;Jane Kelly S. Brito,&nbsp;Felipe S. Ferreira,&nbsp;Gisele S. Lopes","doi":"10.1007/s12161-024-02703-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12161-024-02703-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Selenium is an essential element and the main source of it is food. The ingestion of food rich in this element as nuts (Brazil nuts) is important to keep the body healthy. In this work, the development of a green and low-cost methodology for selenium analysis in beans was carried out using the photochemical vapor generation method coupled to atomic absorption spectrometry. The efficiency of the photochemical vapor generation (PVG) was optimized by evaluating the experimental conditions, such as type and concentration of the organic acid, flow rate of the carrier gas, and sample UV irradiation time. The formation of volatile species was more efficient using 6% v v⁻¹ acetic acid, carrier gas flow rate of 10 mL min⁻¹, and 20-s UV irradiation time. The method of standard addition calibration curves was performed to analyze total Se in green bean samples acquired in the market of different cities of northeast and north regions of Brazil. The accuracy of the proposed method was tested comparing results for Se content with hydride generation (HG) in a sample of Ceara state. The analyzed samples showed total Se content varying from 0.9 to 2.2 mg kg⁻¹ in dry matter of green beans. The amount of Se found in green beans is within the expected range when compared to other types of beans reported in the literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":561,"journal":{"name":"Food Analytical Methods","volume":"18 1","pages":"121 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untargeted Metabolomics Based on UHPLC-HRMS for Authentication of Chicken Meat Supplied by Different Slaughter Methods of Halal, Non-Halal, and Shubha","authors":"Vevi Maritha,&nbsp;Puri Ratna Kartini,&nbsp;Nur Ihda Farikhatin Nisa,&nbsp;Alice Rivera,&nbsp;Firman Rezaldi,&nbsp;Rudi Heryanto,&nbsp;Avip Kurniawan,&nbsp;Mohammad Yuwono","doi":"10.1007/s12161-024-02699-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12161-024-02699-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To protect consumers from non-halal and shubha-halal foods, it is essential to authenticate chicken meat based on its slaughtering process. The objective of the present study is to authenticate the halalness of chicken meat based on the slaughter process. Untargeted metabolomics, utilizing UHPLC-HRMS combined with chemometrics, offers a selective and accurate method for verifying the halal status of chicken meat based on the slaughter process. The results of this research identified 28 metabolite profiles, with creatine, carnosine, and 3-methylhistidine being the most prominent metabolites. Principal component analysis (PCA) clearly distinguished the metabolite profiles of chicken meat slaughtered using different methods. Additionally, cluster analysis effectively grouped chicken meat based on similarities in metabolite profiles. The correlation network revealed that 21 types of metabolites are interrelated in the halal authentication process. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) accurately identified 13 potential biomarkers for halal authentication, including creatine, betaine, 2-amino-1,3,4-octadecanetriol, L-isoleucine, L-phenylalanine, L-histidine, L-glutamic acid, L-glutathione, DL-glutamine, taurine, carnosine, and acetyl-L-carnitine. Overall, untargeted metabolomics combined with UHPLC-HRMS and chemometrics represents a promising method for authenticating the halal status of chicken meat, distinguishing between halal, non-halal, shubha-halal, and mixtures of halal with non-halal or shubha-halal meat.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":561,"journal":{"name":"Food Analytical Methods","volume":"18 1","pages":"129 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Assisted Solvent-Terminated Dispersive Liquid‒Liquid Microextraction for Determination of Atrazine and Simazine in Bovine Milk via GC‒MS","authors":"Renata Gregorio Fucci,&nbsp;Thais Cuartes da Silva,&nbsp;Letícia Polli Glugoski Felipe,&nbsp;Beatriz Isabella Cestaro,&nbsp;Bruno José Gonçalves da Silva","doi":"10.1007/s12161-024-02704-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12161-024-02704-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Atrazine (ATZ) and simazine (SMZ) are major herbicides in Brazilian cultivation areas, and through environmental persistence and bioaccumulation, these compounds can contaminate bovine milk and other products for human consumption. Thus, the present study aimed to develop an analytical method for the determination of ATZ and SMZ in bovine milk using ultrasound-assisted solvent-terminated dispersive liquid‒liquid microextraction (UA-ST-DLLME) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Protein precipitation was carried out by the addition of 0.8 g of NaCl and 5.0 mL of acetonitrile to 8.0-mL samples. The optimized UA-ST-DLLME method consisted of the addition of 1.8 mL of precipitation supernatant to 8.0 mL of 10.0% (m/V) NaCl solution, followed by sonication for 5 min, after which 1.75 mL of acetonitrile was added for the demulsifying step, which was completed after 5 min. Adequate linearity was observed for SMZ (5–350 µg/L) and ATZ (10–350 µg/L). Interday precision and accuracy (<i>n</i> = 3) were ascertained for the lower concentration levels, 100 and 350 µg/L. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values were less than 20% for the lowest concentration levels and less than 15% for the remaining concentrations; however, for all the concentration levels evaluated in these assays, the accuracy values ranged from 95.2 to 109.9% for SMZ and from 100.8 to 113.2% for ATZ.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":561,"journal":{"name":"Food Analytical Methods","volume":"18 1","pages":"113 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and Determination of Selenium Nanoparticles in Dietary Supplements by Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Tuğba Nur Akbaba,&nbsp;Orkun Alp,&nbsp;Usama Alshana,&nbsp;Nusret Ertaş","doi":"10.1007/s12161-024-02698-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12161-024-02698-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) method was developed for the determination and characterization of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in dietary supplements in syrup formulations containing selenium dioxide and ascorbic acid. Experimental parameters affecting the signal intensities of the SeNPs, such as torch distance, sample flow rate, and addition of organic solvent, were optimized. It was observed that adding 3.0% (v/v) of propan-2-ol to the solutions increased the selenium nanoparticle signal by 3.4 times. SeNPs were detected in all of the five dietary supplements studied, and it was found that 19.3–60.4% of the total selenium was in the form of nanoparticles and that their mean diameters were in the range of 50–130 nm. Under the optimized conditions, the limit of detection for nanoparticle number concentration (LOD_conc) and the limit of detection for nanoparticle size (LOD_size) of the proposed SP-ICP-MS method were 770 particle mL⁻¹ and 36 nm, respectively. The recovery of total selenium determination was in the range of 102.1–106.4%. The recovery in terms of the particle number concentration in samples spiked with 140 nm and 50 nm SeNPs was between 88.8 and 114.0%. The developed SP-ICP-MS method is sensitive, rapid, and suitable for routine applications with minimum sample preparation for the characterization and determination of SeNPs in dietary supplements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":561,"journal":{"name":"Food Analytical Methods","volume":"18 1","pages":"101 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Deoxynivalenol Complete Antigen and Its Application in Microchannel Resistance Immune Sensing Platform with Electrical Signal Analysis","authors":"Yaowen Du,&nbsp;Yuxiang Wang,&nbsp;Luhan Wang,&nbsp;Chenggang Cai,&nbsp;Suqin Shao,&nbsp;Ting Zhou,&nbsp;Bing Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12161-024-02700-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12161-024-02700-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two coupling methods, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), are designed to prepare the complete antigen of deoxynivalenol (DON). The synthesized complete antigen is identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultraviolet spectrophotometry (UV), and sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The complete antigen (DON-BSA) and antibody (DON-Ab) are then covalently coupled to carboxylated polystyrene (PS) microspheres to prepare PS-DON-BSA and PS-Ab. A new method for detecting DON is developed by constructing a microchannel resistance immunosensor (MCRS) based on the competitive bio-recognition reaction between these components and DON. The change of current value caused by the change of resistance in the detection platform can realize DON concentration. The results showed that the UV spectra of the complete antigens prepared by the two methods are significantly different from those of the hapten and carrier protein, with measured coupling ratios of approximately 9.8:1 and 7.8:1, respectively. SDS-PAGE also indicates good coupling effects. When the complete antigen is applied to the self-developed DON detection platform, this method shows a good linear relationship in the range of 100 pg/mL to 1000 ng/mL, with a correlation coefficient of 0.991, a detection limit of 499 pg/mL, a recovery rate of 89.26 to 108.50%, and a relative standard deviation of 4.15 to 6.57%, which meets the requirements for DON analysis and samples detection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":561,"journal":{"name":"Food Analytical Methods","volume":"18 1","pages":"88 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Carboxylate Mesoporous Silica–Coated Solid Phase Microextraction Arrow and Portable Mass Spectrometer for Simultaneous Determination of Five Veterinary Drugs in Chicken and Milk","authors":"Hangzhen Lan,&nbsp;Xueying Li,&nbsp;Zhen Wu,&nbsp;Daodong Pan,&nbsp;Luhong Wen","doi":"10.1007/s12161-024-02697-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12161-024-02697-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new solid-phase microextraction (SPME) Arrow device was fabricated using mesoporous silica (MCM-41) as the coating material and integrated with a portable mass spectrometer (PMS) to develop a sensitive and selective method for the detection of amantadine, thiabendazole, sulfadimethoxine, clenbuterol, and ractopamine in milk and chicken samples. The influence of different functional groups on the extraction performance of MCM-41 was investigated by synthesizing amine-, vinyl-, and carboxyl-modified MCM-41, representing basic, neutral, and acidic surface properties. Among these, the carboxyl-modified MCM-41 (MCM-41-C) exhibited the highest selectivity and adsorption capacity, attributed to its strong electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding with the analytes. The MCM-41-C-SPME Arrow was fabricated using electrospinning to produce a uniform, stable coating, which was then systematically optimized for key extraction and desorption parameters. This novel SPME Arrow-PMS platform enables rapid detection of five analytes within 30 s, with a broad linear range (5–1000 μg kg^–1) and low limits of detection (1.6–30.6 μg kg^–1). The developed method demonstrated excellent intra-day and inter-day reproducibility (RSD &lt; 12%) and high recovery (82–117%). This method offers rapid, sensitive detection of multiple veterinary drugs in complex food matrices, providing a practical solution for on-site food safety monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":561,"journal":{"name":"Food Analytical Methods","volume":"18 1","pages":"75 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Profiling via UPLC/MS/MS and In Vitro Cholinesterase, Amylase, Glucosidase, and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Effects of Carica papaya L. Extracts Reveal Promising Nutraceutical Potential","authors":"Anton Soria-Lopez,&nbsp;Łukasz Pecio,&nbsp;Fatema R. Saber,&nbsp;Shymaa I. A. Abdel-dayem,&nbsp;Shaimaa Fayez,&nbsp;Gokhan Zengin,&nbsp;Solomiia Kozachok,&nbsp;Amr El-Demerdash,&nbsp;Maria Garcia-Marti,&nbsp;Paz Otero-Fuertes,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Mejuto,&nbsp;Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak,&nbsp;Jesus Simal-Gandara","doi":"10.1007/s12161-024-02688-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12161-024-02688-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Carica papaya</i> (Family Caricaceae) is endowed with a myriad of biological activities as gastroprotective, antidiabetic, antimalarial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory agent. We performed for the first time an extensive comparative metabolite profiling of different plant organs considering both male and female leaves, seeds, and fruits of different maturity stages. The phytochemical fingerprinting-via UPLC/MS/MS- of <i>C. papaya</i> led to tentative identification of 84 metabolites belonging to different primary and secondary phytoconstituents to include alkaloids (carpaine derivatives), flavonoids, glucosinolates, organic and phenolic acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. The seeds’ profile was enriched with hydroxybenzoic acids and their derivatives, while leaves were characterized by the prevalence of carpaine alkaloids, flavonoids, lipids, and alkylated sugars. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between total phenolic content and the antioxidant assays (ferric reducing antioxidant property (FRAP), 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)). Principal component analysis was applied to find out possible phytochemical trends across <i>C. papaya</i> matrices, where PC1 and PC2 accounted for 46.57 and 19.93% of the variability in the data set with well-separated extracts into groups mostly on the basis of plant organ. The PCA model showed that immature seeds had the highest antioxidant properties, while leaves separated from fruit and mature seeds due to higher butyrylcholinesterase and <i>α</i>-amylase inhibition, but lower acetylcholinesterase and <i>α</i>-glucosidase inhibition activity. We corroborate the better exploitation of both edible and inedible parts of <i>C. Papaya</i> in nutraceutical supplements after sufficient in vivo and toxicity studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":561,"journal":{"name":"Food Analytical Methods","volume":"18 1","pages":"57 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}