Akhil Prasad;Scott D. Sudhoff;Todd C. Monson;Ganapathi Subramania
{"title":"Metrics and Strategies for Design of DC Bias Resilient Transformers","authors":"Akhil Prasad;Scott D. Sudhoff;Todd C. Monson;Ganapathi Subramania","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3303781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3303781","url":null,"abstract":"Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) give rise to geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) on the earth’s surface which find their way into power systems via grounded transformer neutrals. The quasi-dc nature of the GICs results in half-cycle saturation of the power grid transformers which in turn results in transformer failure, life reduction, and other adverse effects. Therefore, transformers need to be more resilient to dc excitation. This paper sets forth dc immunity metrics for transformers. Furthermore, this paper sets forth a novel transformer architecture and a design methodology which employs the dc immunity metrics to make it more resilient to dc excitation. This is demonstrated using a time-stepping 2D finite element analysis (FEA) simulation. It was found that a relatively small change in the core geometry significantly increases transformer resiliency with respect to dc excitation.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/10214168.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49945654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data-Driven Interarea Oscillation Analysis for a 100% IBR-Penetrated Power Grid","authors":"Miao Zhang;Zhixin Miao;Lingling Fan;Shahil Shah","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3230007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3230007","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, a 100% inverter-based resource (IBR)-penetrated bulk power system (BPS) is examined for possible interarea oscillations. A testbed of a BPS constructed in PSCAD, with both grid-forming inverter (GFM)-based IBRs and grid-following inverter (GFL)-based IBRs, is utilized for simulation. For linear analysis, a data-driven method is used to obtain the $dq$ admittance models of the IBRs. This information, combined with our knowledge of the network admittance, leads to eigenvalue analysis of the power grid. Furthermore, for the dominant 3-Hz mode, extended frequency-domain mode shape analysis, along with subgroup effect analysis, and network decomposition analysis are conducted. The analysis results can precisely tell the influencing factors of the oscillation mode. This mode is identified as an interarea oscillation mode. It has a different characteristics compared to the traditional electromechanical interarea mode. Specifically, the network decomposition analysis provides new insights on interarea oscillation modes. The analysis results are all confirmed by the electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation results.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/09989426.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49977685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A New Analytical Model of Single-Phase Diode Bridge Rectifiers in the Presence of Interharmonics in Supply Voltage","authors":"Jiri Drapela;Roberto Langella;Alfredo Testa;Vincenzo Vendemia","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3244330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3244330","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new accurate and comprehensive analytical model of harmonic and interharmonic distortion produced by a single-phase AC/DC diode bridge rectifier (DBR) is presented. Its main and new characteristic is the ability to consider the presence of interharmonics in addition to harmonics in the voltage at the terminals of DBR due to the background distortion. Analytical expressions able to predict DC voltage and AC current either in time or frequency domains are obtained. Several numerical and experimental tests have been performed showing very accurate results. The proposed model presents all the advantages of analytical models (e.g., fastness); therefore, it can be easily integrated with iterative harmonic and interharmonic analysis procedures. Subsequent applications are the possibility to perform parametric analyses and probabilistic studies, to derive harmonically and interharmonically coupled admittance matrices, to help in introducing standard limits for interharmonics.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/10042441.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49985069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emily L. Barrett;Kaveri Mahapatra;Marcelo Elizondo;Xiaoyuan Fan;Sarah Davis;Sarah Newman;Patrick Royer;Bharat Vyakaranam;Fernando Bereta Dos Reis;Xinda Ke;Jeff Dagle
{"title":"A Risk-Based Framework for Power System Modeling to Improve Resilience to Extreme Events","authors":"Emily L. Barrett;Kaveri Mahapatra;Marcelo Elizondo;Xiaoyuan Fan;Sarah Davis;Sarah Newman;Patrick Royer;Bharat Vyakaranam;Fernando Bereta Dos Reis;Xinda Ke;Jeff Dagle","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3214175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3214175","url":null,"abstract":"The extent of the damage to Puerto Rico from Hurricane Maria in September 2017 led to outages in electricity service that persisted for months. Power system operators attempting to restore critical facilities faced challenges on almost every front, from supply chain interruptions to the inaccessibility of key assets. After a disaster of this magnitude, it is critical, but challenging, to prioritize how limited resources are directed toward rebuilding and fortifying the electric power system. To inform these decisions, the U.S. Department of Energy funded efforts investigating methodologies to identify critical vulnerabilities to the Puerto Rican power system, and to provide data-driven recommendations on how to harden and operate the system for greater resilience. This work presents the Risk-based Contingency Analysis Tool (RCAT), a framework developed as a part of that resilience initiative. The framework can qualitatively and quantitatively describe the most critical system vulnerabilities with an understanding of both likelihood of occurrence and impact. It evaluates the effectiveness of candidate remediation strategies in reducing overall risk to the system from future hurricane events. This paper will describe RCAT, with an emphasis on how different modeling capabilities have been integrated along with probabilistic methods and analytical metrics to better describe risk.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/09927237.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49945800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial 2022 Best Papers, Outstanding Associate Editors, and Outstanding Reviewers","authors":"Fangxing Li","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3232736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3232736","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/10016690.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49945892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Telephone Interference From Solar PV Switching","authors":"Gaurav Singh;Thomas Cooke;Jason Johns;Luis Vega;Ariel Valdez;Gloria Bull","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3239854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3239854","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of solar Photovoltaic (PV) generation has been one of the biggest changes in the Power Grid in the past decade. Such generation plants are generally inverter based and these devices are known sources of harmonics of the fundamental frequency and ‘supraharmonics’ (distortion in the frequency range 2 to $150 ,mathrm {kHz}$ ). It has long been theorized that due to factors such as the frequency response of service transformers that interface solar PV plants to the grid, impedance of the power system at the point of common coupling and the impedance of devices connected near solar inverters, supraharmonics frequencies are localized and generally do not couple to the grid. Exceptions to this general hypothesis have been reported in Europe, where supraharmonics from PV and wind power plants have been shown to couple to the local three-phase three wire Medium Voltage (MV) system. This paper shows that in three-phase four wire multi-point grounded MV systems, such as the ones used in the United States (U.S.), application of conventional grounding schemes to PV plants can lead to the unintended consequence of coupling of supraharmonics to the grid through the neutral conductor and ground circuit. It describes a case study in which supraharmonics due to inverter switching led to telephone interference for customers located around a solar PV plant. To determine the mechanism by which the supraharmonics frequencies were coupling to the grid, an investigation of the emission from the plant was performed using conducted as well as radiated measurements. The novel setup used for performing these radiated measurements, the unique underlying mechanism by which inverter switching frequencies coupled to the grid and the lessons learned in this process regarding solar PV grounding and installation practices are described in this paper.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/10026300.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49985068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Common-Mode Shorting Network to Reduce Common-Mode Excitation of Three-Phase Two-Level Electric Drives","authors":"Harshita Singh;Scott D. Sudhoff","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3208792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3208792","url":null,"abstract":"Common-mode voltage and current in an electric machine are undesirable. Although the strategic placement of a common-mode inductor and dc input side capacitors may reduce the common-mode current produced by an electric drive system, the effectiveness of this mitigation is a function of machine parasitic capacitance. This engenders the need to insert another electrical component into the system to effectively mitigate the common-mode current. With this purpose, a common-mode shorting network for an inverter-based drive system is proposed in this work. This network, in conjunction with a common-mode inductor and dc input side capacitors, reduces the machine common-mode voltage and current. The proposed approach is experimentally demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/09899439.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49945894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Configurable Hierarchical Architecture for Parallel Dynamic Contingency Analysis on GPUs","authors":"Cong Wang;Suangshuang Jin;Renke Huang;Qiuhua Huang;Yousu Chen","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3227800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3227800","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic contingency analysis (DCA) for modern power systems is fundamental to help researchers and operators look ahead of potential issues, arrange operational plans, and improve system stabilities. However, since the system size and the number of contingency scenarios continue to increase, pursuing more effective computational performance faces many difficulties, such as slow algorithms and limited computing resources. This research accelerates the intensive computations of massive DCAs by implementing a two-level hierarchical computing architecture on graphical processing units (GPUs). The performance of the designed method is examined using four test systems of different sizes and compared with a CPU-based parallel approach. The results show up to 2.8x speedup using one GPU and 4.2x speedup using two GPUs, respectively. More accelerations can be observed once more GPUs are configured. It demonstrates that the proposed architecture can significantly enhance the overall computational performance of massive DCAs while maintaining a strong scaling capability under various resource configurations.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/09976887.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49977692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Planning and Operation of an Intelligent Power Electronics Series Voltage Regulator for PV-Rich Distribution Feeders","authors":"Emilio Ghiani;Rocco Di Gregorio;Stefan Hoppert","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3238854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3238854","url":null,"abstract":"The connection of photovoltaic systems on weak electrical distribution networks can lead to the occurrence of excessive overvoltages or undervoltages that lead toward unsatisfactory operating conditions for renewable energy producers. In such critical situations, where electrical parameters are outside standard regulatory levels, the untimely tripping of electrical protections can lead to losses of renewable energy production and thus to the reduction of producers’ economic revenues. In this context, this article describes aspects related to the planning and operation of an intelligent voltage regulator capable of solving voltage regulation problems in PV-rich low-voltage networks. The results achieved with the application of the power electronics device in electric distribution networks are shown with a real case study in a network with a high penetration of photovoltaic-type renewable energy installations. The results show the effectiveness of the application of the device considering both technical and economic aspects; these results are also compared with traditional distribution network planning strategies, highlighting the advantages for the distributor and the owners of photovoltaic systems.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/10024359.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49985067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Active Power Control of DFIG Wind Turbines for Transient Stability Enhancement","authors":"Stavros Konstantinopoulos;Joe H. Chow","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3194865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3194865","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an adaptive Dynamic Power Reduction (aDPR) scheme for Type-3 Wind Turbine-Generators (WTGs) to enhance transient stability of synchronous generators (SGs), with benefits of increasing transfer limits on already fully loaded transmission paths. The scheme consists of three components to deal with a fault close to a SG. Initially, the WTG curtails its active power to a predefined level to act as a dynamic brake for the SG. Then the controller monitors the rate of change of frequency to adaptively ramp the WTG back to its original power output while minimizing the WTG pitch and rotor motion. Finally, to reduce the risk of second-swing instability, the converter uses its reactive current to damp SG power swings. The aDPR scheme can be classified as a remedial action scheme and is enabled if its action can ensure transient stability. To demonstrate the effectiveness of aDPR and to benchmark it against other WTG active current and frequency feedback control techniques, a single-machine infinite-bus system with one WTG is utilized. Next, an aDPR enabled WTG is integrated in the NPCC 68-bus system. Finally, the aDPR controller’s ability to prevent transient instability is demonstrated on the two-area system.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/09844776.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49992154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}