Francisco de Paula García-López;Manuel Barragán-Villarejo;Alejandro Marano-Marcolini;José María Maza-Ortega
{"title":"Performance Assessment of Flexible Links in Distribution Networks Using a Detailed Power Losses Model","authors":"Francisco de Paula García-López;Manuel Barragán-Villarejo;Alejandro Marano-Marcolini;José María Maza-Ortega","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3307579","DOIUrl":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3307579","url":null,"abstract":"The massive integration of distributed renewable energy resources is a reality in the current power system. In this new context with a greater volatility on the generation side it is required to incorporate new assets to provide additional flexibility to the system to accommodate as much renewable resources as possible. Among these new assets, DC or AC flexible links could play a key role in managing the power flows within radial distribution systems. These connected between distribution feeders may regulate the active power flow in a controlled manner and contribute to the network voltage support. However, the power losses of these devices can be a limiting factor of some functionalities. This paper integrates a detailed power loss model of several flexible link topologies for Optimal Power Flow algorithms with the aim of evaluating its impact on the functionalities of these devices. In this way, it is possible to benchmark the performance of different DC and AC flexible links in a quantitative manner by means of some key performance indexes. The paper proposes a case study based on the European MV benchmark with a high penetration of renewable energy sources to evidence the benefits and limitations that flexible links may provide.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"550-559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10226275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62828116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel Hunter-Rinderle;Matthew Y. Fong;Baihua Yang;Haoshu Xian;Ramteen Sioshansi
{"title":"Using In-Home Energy Storage to Improve the Resilience of Residential Electricity Supply","authors":"Rachel Hunter-Rinderle;Matthew Y. Fong;Baihua Yang;Haoshu Xian;Ramteen Sioshansi","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3298701","DOIUrl":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3298701","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity-supply interruptions can be costly and disruptive. Electricity-supply reliability and resilience can be enhanced by customers having on-site energy storage, which supplements electricity-system supply. This paper proposes a two-stage stochastic optimization model that can be used in a rolling-horizon fashion to schedule such use of energy storage. We demonstrate the model with a case study that combines electricity-supply-reliability data for a real-world electric utility, survey data regarding residential customers’ willingnesses to pay for backup energy during electricity-supply disruptions, and a highly resolved Markov chain model of building-occupant behavior and associated electricity use that is calibrated to census data. We find that the low probability of an electricity-supply disruption occurring during any given time-step limits the charging of the energy storage in anticipation of possible disruptions. We demonstrate two approaches to reduce this myopic use of energy storage. Our case study shows that penalty parameters can be used to control the conservatism of the model in using as opposed to retaining stored energy during an electricity-supply disruption. Overall, we show the viability of on-site energy storage to enhance electricity-supply reliability and resilience and the feasibility of our model and algorithm for real-time control of energy storage for such a real-world application.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"539-549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10196362","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62828438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributed Ledger Technologies for the Energy Sector: Facilitating Interoperability Analysis","authors":"Debora Coll-Mayor;Antonio Notholt","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3297199","DOIUrl":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3297199","url":null,"abstract":"The use of distributed data storage and management structures, such as Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT), in the energy sector has gained great interest in recent times. This opens up new possibilities in e.g. microgrid management, aggregation of distributed resources, peer-to- peer trading, integration of electromobility or proof-of-origin strategies. However, in order to benefit from those new possibilities, new challenges have to be overcome. This work focuses on one of these challenges, which is the need to ensure interoperability when integrating DLT-enabled devices in energy use cases. Firstly, the use of DLTs in the energy sector will be analyzed and the main use cases will be presented. Then, a classification of DLT-Energy use cases will be proposed. Secondly, the need for a common reference architecture framework to analyze those use cases with a focus on interoperability will be discussed and the current activities in research and standardization in this field will be presented. Finally, a new common reference architecture framework based on current activities in standardization will be presented.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"593-604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10189349","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62828141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3230495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3230495","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/10042143.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49945891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":">IEEE Power and Energy Society information for authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3230497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3230497","url":null,"abstract":"These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10006347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"109157722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grid Impact Analysis and Mitigation of En-Route Charging Stations for Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicles","authors":"Xiangqi Zhu;Partha Mishra;Barry Mather;Mingzhi Zhang;Andrew Meintz","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3233804","DOIUrl":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3233804","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comprehensive grid impact analysis design and corresponding mitigation strategies for heavy-duty electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. The charging load of heavy-duty charging station can reach several megawatts, which could induce adverse impacts on the distribution grid if not effectively mitigated. To analyze the impacts and provide corresponding solutions, we select four representative distribution systems—including both single-feeder cases and a multi-feeder case—and design thorough test metrics for the impact analysis. The charging load profiles used in the analysis are derived from realistic conventional heavy-duty vehicle travel data. Based on the analysis results, charging stations are placed at three different representative locations in each distribution system: best, good, and worst locations. Mitigation strategies using a combination of smart charger functionality, on-site photovoltaic (PV) generation, and on-site energy storage (ES) are proposed and tested. A sizing method is also proposed to find the optimal PV-ES-charger capacity that minimizes the capital cost.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"141-150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/10005124.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41558908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela N. Lopes;Thiago S. Menezes;Douglas P. S. Gomes;Jose Carlos M. Vieira
{"title":"High Impedance Fault Location Methods: Review and Harmonic Selection-Based Analysis","authors":"Gabriela N. Lopes;Thiago S. Menezes;Douglas P. S. Gomes;Jose Carlos M. Vieira","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3244341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3244341","url":null,"abstract":"High Impedance Faults (HIFs) are recurring events in electrical Distribution Systems (DSs) and occur by the contact between energized conductors and high impedance surfaces. HIFs may pose hazards to living beings and cause bushfires. However, the HIF protection has not been completely solved due to the small fault current and varying impedance, inhibiting traditional protection techniques from functioning correctly. In the literature, researchers have mainly focused on detection techniques. Thus, the development of HIF Location Methods (HIFLMs) is recent, and evidences for conclusive solutions are still lacking. Moreover, to this date, no existing study reviews the main challenges concerning HIFLMs in DSs. This paper proposes a systematic analysis of the common stages to design the main existing HIFLMs. The strategy is evaluating the similar characteristics that pose a common research path regarding challenges faced in real-world conditions. Additionally, this paper proposes a case study to assess the best input signals, metrics, and machine learning-based decision algorithms of a new HIFLM. The results are promising, with high identification rates, even in noisy conditions. The methodology can help to select the datasets for supervised learning-based HIFLM. Highlighting the state-of-art of current methods and support development of HIFLMs are this paper’s main contributions.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"438-449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/10042433.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49945711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Faster-Than-Real-Time Hardware Emulation of Transients and Dynamics of a Grid of Microgrids","authors":"Shiqi Cao;Ning Lin;Venkata Dinavahi","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3217601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3217601","url":null,"abstract":"Enhanced environmental standards are leading to an increasing proportion of microgrids (MGs) being integrated with renewable energy resources in modern power systems, which brings new challenges to simulate such a complex system. In this work, comprehensive modeling of a grid of microgrids for faster-than-real-time (FTRT) emulation is proposed, which can be utilized in the energy control center for contingencies analysis and dynamic security assessment. Electromagnetic transient (EMT) modeling is applied to the microgrid in order to reflect the detailed device processes of the converter and renewable energy sources, while the AC grid utilizes the transient stability modeling to reduce the computational burden and obtain a high acceleration value over real-time execution. Consequently, a dynamic power injection interface is proposed for the coexistence of the two simulation types. The reconfigurability and parallelism of the field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) enable the whole system to be executed in FTRT mode with 51 times acceleration over real-time. Meanwhile, three case studies are emulated and the results are validated by the off-line simulation tool Matlab/Simulink®.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"36-47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/09931150.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49945801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad Nikpour;Abolfazl Nateghi;Miadreza Shafie-Khah
{"title":"Stochastic-Risk Based Approach for Microgrid Participation in Joint Active, Reactive, and Ancillary Services Markets Considering Demand Response","authors":"Ahmad Nikpour;Abolfazl Nateghi;Miadreza Shafie-Khah","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3206495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2022.3206495","url":null,"abstract":"In the restructured power systems, renewable energy sources (RES) have been developed. Uncertainties of these generators reduce the reliability and stability of power systems. The frequency and voltage for the correct operation of the power systems must always be maintained within a nominal value. Ancillary services (AS), energy storage systems (ESS), and demand response programs (DRPs) can be effective solutions for mentioned problems. Microgrids (MG) can make an improvement in their profits and efficiency by participating in various markets. This paper provides an optimal scheduling for the simultaneous participation of MGs in coupled active, reactive power and AS markets (regulation, spinning reserve and non-spinning reserve) by considering ESS, DRPs, call for deploying AS, and the uncertainties of wind and solar productions. Capability diagrams; mathematical equations are used to model active and reactive power of generation units. Risk management in this paper is done by the conditional value at risk (CVaR) method and probability distribution functions (PDF) are used for modeling uncertainties of wind speed and solar radiation. The ERCOT (Electric Reliability Council of Texas) market is simulated with real world data.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"2-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/09889742.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49945893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenshuai Bai;Dian Wang;Xiaorong Sun;Jiabin Yu;Jiping Xu;Yuqing Pan
{"title":"An Online Multi-Level Energy Management System for Commercial Building Microgrids With Multiple Generation and Storage Systems","authors":"Wenshuai Bai;Dian Wang;Xiaorong Sun;Jiabin Yu;Jiping Xu;Yuqing Pan","doi":"10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3234468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3234468","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an online multi-level energy management system for local microgrids of commercial buildings that integrate roof-top photovoltaic sources, battery storage systems, utility grids, diesel generators, supercapacitors, and commercial buildings consisting of active orchestrated loads, to solve the uncertainty problem of sources and loads, while also optimizing the local microgrid operation cost of commercial buildings and the utilization rate of local renewable energy. The energy management system includes a long-term rolling optimization level, rule-based optimization level, and load demand optimization level. At the long-term rolling optimization level, an online rolling method of data restructuring is proposed, where measurement data, short-term prediction data, and day-ahead prediction data are reconstructed to reduce the uncertainty in photovoltaic source prediction and load demand prediction. Four methods are proposed for the energy management system and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink under three typical weather conditions, cloudy, sunny, and rainy. Simulation results show that the performance of Method 3 is closest to that of Method 4, whose data conditions are ideal; Method 3 reduces the operational cost of the commercial building microgrid and improves the utilization rate of photovoltaic sources, at the slight cost of non-critical load shedding.","PeriodicalId":56187,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"195-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8784343/9999142/10006726.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49977693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}