Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Characteristics and Prevalence of Vancomycin-variable Enterococcus faecium bacteremia in southern Taiwan","authors":"Chi-Jung Lu ,&nbsp;Wei-Chun Hung ,&nbsp;Zi-Han Lan ,&nbsp;Po-Liang Lu ,&nbsp;Chun-Yu Lin ,&nbsp;Yen-Hsu Chen ,&nbsp;Tun-Chieh Chen ,&nbsp;Chung-Hao Huang ,&nbsp;Ya-Ting Chang ,&nbsp;Chun-Yuan Lee ,&nbsp;Yu-Te Tsai ,&nbsp;Shang-Yi Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vancomycin-variable enterococci (VVE) are <em>vanA</em>-carrying <em>Enterococcus faecium</em> that are phenotypically susceptible to vancomycin and can only be detected using molecular methods, leading to the possibility of treatment failure and posing threats to infection control. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of VVE and its associated clinical risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study was conducted in two hospitals in southern Taiwan. Patients with phenotypically vancomycin-susceptible <em>E. faecium</em> bacteremia were enrolled between 2017 and 2021. VVEs were defined as isolates harboring the <em>vanA</em> gene that were phenotypically susceptible to vancomycin. Vancomycin-susceptible <em>E. faecium</em> (VSE) isolates were phenotypically susceptible to vancomycin and lacked <em>vanA</em> or <em>vanB</em> genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 142 enrolled patients, 121 (85.2%) had VSE and 21 (14.8%) had VVE. Resistance rates to penicillin, tetracycline, and fosfomycin were higher in VVE isolates. Malignancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4.87; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.54–15.41, <em>p</em> = 0.007) and central venous catheter usage (aOR = 4.69; 95% CI 1.49–14.78, <em>p</em> = 0.008) were the independent risk factors associated with VVE bacteremia. Being male (aOR = 0.12, CI 0.03–0.44, <em>p</em> = 0.002) was less likely to be associated with VVE bacteremia. Although VVE was not associated with 30-day mortality (38.1% [VVE] vs. 35.5% [VSE], <em>p</em> = 0.822), one case of subsequent vancomycin-resistant enterococci infection in the VVE group with vancomycin treatment (4.8%, 1/21) was identified, which led to subsequent mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence of VVE was high among <em>E. faecium</em> isolates with vancomycin-susceptible phenotypes in southern Taiwan. Although the current study revealed that VVE bacteremia was not associated with poor clinical outcome, further multicenter surveillance survey is recommended to evaluate the possible impact of VVE on public health in Taiwan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 6","pages":"Pages 926-936"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High hemolytic activity of the Staphylococcus aureus spa t1081 among clonal complex 45 in Taiwan","authors":"Yu-Tzu Lin ,&nbsp;Chun-Li Lee ,&nbsp;Chin-Yun Lin ,&nbsp;Tai-Fen Lee ,&nbsp;Po-Ren Hsueh","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) sequence type (ST) 45 was first reported in Taiwan in 2006. Since then, the prevalence of ST45 MRSA in clinical isolates has increased. This study was carried out to understand the changes in the proportions, evolutionary relationships, and infection advantages of ST45 and its related clones. <em>Materials and methods</em>: <em>S. aureus</em> including MRSA and MSSA (methicillin-sensitive <em>S. aureus</em>), and clonal complex (CC) 45 blood isolates were collected in 2000, 2005, and from January 2010 to August 2014. Molecular typing, multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based phylogenetic analysis were performed. Fitness and virulence analyses were used to understand the infection advantages of the isolates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 67 CC45 isolates, only MSSA ST508 isolates were found in 2000 and 2005. Since 2010, the prevalence of MRSA has increased, t1081/ST45 has become dominant, and MRSA ST508 has been found. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that most of the ST45 isolates were located in a cluster distinct from those of ST508 and ST929. However, the t026 isolates clustered with the ST508 isolates rather than with the other ST45 isolates. Moreover, fitness and virulence analyses revealed that the t1081 isolates had higher hemolytic activity than the t026 and ST508 isolates did.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings indicated that the increased prevalence of ST45 MRSA isolates from blood cultures in Taiwan was due to the t1081 isolates, and their high hemolytic activity may provide an infection advantage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 6","pages":"Pages 906-915"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of a modified enrichment broth for efficient screening of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women","authors":"Daiki Tanno ,&nbsp;Kyoichi Saito ,&nbsp;Yasuaki Tomii ,&nbsp;Yukari Nakatsuka ,&nbsp;Kohei Uechi ,&nbsp;Kazutaka Ohashi ,&nbsp;Yukio Yamadera ,&nbsp;Atsuko Hata ,&nbsp;Masahiro Toyokawa ,&nbsp;Hiroki Shimura","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We validated a modified enrichment broth that changes its color when group B <em>Streptococcus</em> (GBS) grows. No GBS was detected in any of the non-yellow samples. Thus, the non-yellow samples were considered GBS-negative without conducting further examinations, potentially reducing medical costs and workload.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 6","pages":"Pages 957-960"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical impact of primary granulocyte-colony stimulating factor prophylaxis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who underwent induction chemotherapy","authors":"Yi-An Lu ,&nbsp;Hsi-Che Liu ,&nbsp;Jen-Yin Hou ,&nbsp;Nan-Chang Chiu ,&nbsp;Ting-Huan Huang ,&nbsp;Ting-Chi Yeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Data describing the risk factors for the occurrence of severe infections in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients following induction chemotherapy and the role of prophylactic granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the era of antimicrobials prophylaxis are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study enrolled 188 children aged ≤18 years with newly diagnosed ALL who received Taiwan Pediatric Oncology Group ALL-2002 and 2013 treatments between January 1, 2010 and June 30, 2021. Prophylactic G-CSF was administered when a patient continues neutropenia after achieving the first bone marrow remission since June 1, 2015. Clinical factors were assessed for their association with severe infections.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From January 2010 to May 2015, 80 children experienced a total of 11 (13.5%) episodes of severe infections; while 10 (9.2%) episodes were reported to occur in 108 patients who received prophylactic G-CSF. Reduction of severe infections occurrence did not achieve statistical significance during prophylactic G-CSF administration in ALL patients. Compared with ALL-high risk (HR) and very high risk patients with no G-CSF prophylaxis, the use of G-CSF prophylaxis significantly reduced episodes of febrile neutropenia. Occurrence of grade III-IV intestinal ileus, grade II-III oral mucositis, prolonged neutropenia, central venous catheter (CVC) placement, or the requirement insulin therapy for hyperglycemia were associated with higher risk of bloodstream infections.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ALL-HR patients with G-CSF prophylaxis were associated with reduction of febrile neutropenia episodes. Occurrence of severe ileus, oral mucositis, hyperglycemia, CVC placement, or prolonged neutropenia were associated with severe infections in ALL patients receiving induction chemotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 6","pages":"Pages 879-886"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142094249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The persistence of low CD4/CD8 ratio in chronic HIV-infection, despite ART suppression and normal CD4 levels, is associated with pre-therapy values of inflammation and thymic function","authors":"Vanesa Garrido-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Ángel Bulnes-Ramos ,&nbsp;Israel Olivas-Martínez ,&nbsp;María del Mar Pozo-Balado ,&nbsp;Ana Isabel Álvarez-Ríos ,&nbsp;Félix Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Rebeca Izquierdo ,&nbsp;Federico García ,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Tiraboschi ,&nbsp;Francisco Vera-Méndez ,&nbsp;Joaquim Peraire ,&nbsp;Anna Rull ,&nbsp;Yolanda María Pacheco ,&nbsp;CoRIS cohort","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Persistence of a low CD4/CD8 ratio is associated with an increased morbimortality in people living with HIV (PLWH) under effective antiretroviral therapy. We aimed to explore the immunological significance of a persistently low CD4/CD8 ratio, even despite normal CD4 levels, and assess whether these features vary from those associated to a low nadir-CD4, another well-established predictor of disease progression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CD4-recovered PLWH were classified by CD4/CD8 ratio after three-years of ART (viral suppression, CD4≥500; R &lt; 0.8, n = 24 and R &gt; 1.2, n = 28). sj/β-TRECs ratio and inflammatory-related markers were quantified. PBMCs were immunophenotyped by CyTOF and functionally characterized by ELISPOT. Subjects were also reclassified depending on nadir-CD4 (N ≤ 350/N &gt; 350).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>R &lt; 0.8 showed a differential inflammatory profile compared to R &gt; 1.2 (increased β2-microglobulin, D-dimers and IP-10 before ART). R &lt; 0.8 presented lower baseline thymic function, being inversely correlated with post-ART inflammation. R &lt; 0.8 at follow-up showed most alterations in CD8 subsets (increasing frequency and exhibiting a senescent phenotype [e.g., CD57+, CD95+]) and enhanced T-cell IFNγ/IL-2 secretion. However, comparing N ≤ 350 to N &gt; 350, the main features were altered functional markers in CD4 T-cells, despite no differences in maturational subsets, together with a restricted T-cell cytokine secretion pattern.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Persistence of low CD4/CD8 ratio in successfully-treated PLWH, with normal CD4 counts, is associated with baseline inflammation and low thymic function, and it features post-therapy alterations specific to CD8 T-cells. Differently, subjects recovered from low nadir-CD4 in this setting feature post-therapy alterations on CD4 T-cells. Hence, different mechanisms of disease progression could underlie these biomarkers, potentially requiring different clinical approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 6","pages":"Pages 854-867"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance of pathogenic yeasts in hospital environments in Taiwan in 2020","authors":"De-Jiun Tsai ,&nbsp;Li-Yun Hsieh ,&nbsp;Pei-Jung Chung ,&nbsp;Yin-Zhi Chen ,&nbsp;Yi-Jyun Jhou ,&nbsp;Kuo-Yun Tseng ,&nbsp;Chia-Jui Yang ,&nbsp;Yen-Cheng Yeh ,&nbsp;Seng-Yi Lin ,&nbsp;Susan Shin-Jung Lee ,&nbsp;Ting-I Wu ,&nbsp;Tsung-Ta Chiang ,&nbsp;Chien-Hsuan Chou ,&nbsp;Wei-Chieh Miu ,&nbsp;Po-Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Chin-Te Lu ,&nbsp;Yuan-Ti Lee ,&nbsp;Yu-Ling Syu ,&nbsp;Gwo-Jong Hsu ,&nbsp;Yee-Chun Chen ,&nbsp;Hsiu-Jung Lo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A predominate azole-resistant <em>Candida tropicalis</em> clade 4 genotype causing candidemia has been detected in not only Taiwan but also China, Singapore, and Australia. It can also be detected on fruit surfaces. In addition to determining distribution and drug susceptibilities of pathogenic yeasts in environments of intensive care units of 25 hospitals in Taiwan, we would also like to investigate whether the azole-resistant <em>C. tropicalis</em> exists in Taiwan's hospital environment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The swabs of hospital environments were collected from August to November in 2020 and were cultured for yeasts. The yeasts were identified by rDNA sequence and the antifungal susceptibilities of those isolates were determined by the broth microdilution method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average yeast-culture rate of hospitals was 9.4% (217/2299). Sinks had the highest yeast-positive culture rate (32.7%), followed by bedside tables (28.9%), floors (26.0%), water-dispenser buttons (23.8%), and TV controller/touch panels (19.0%). Of 262 identified isolates, <em>Candida parapsilosis</em> was the most common species, accounting for 22.1%, followed by <em>Filobasidium uniguttulatum</em> (18.3%), <em>Candida albicans</em> (9.5%), <em>C. tropicalis</em> (8.0%), <em>Candida glabrata</em> (<em>Nakaseomyces glabratus</em>) (6.9%), and 30 other species (35.1%). Of the 21 <em>C. tropicalis</em> isolates from 11 units in 9 hospitals, 15 diploid sequence types (DSTs) were identified. The two DST506 fluconazole-resistant ones belonged to clade 4.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We detected not only various pathogenic yeast species but also the predominant clade 4 genotype of azole-resistant <em>C</em>. <em>tropicalis</em>. Our findings highlight and re-emphasize the importance of regular cleaning and disinfection practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 6","pages":"Pages 947-956"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in Taiwan: Disease burden, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes","authors":"Chih-Cheng Lai ,&nbsp;Po-Ren Hsueh","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Aspergillus</em> is a common filamentous fungus found in various natural environments, with spores frequently inhaled by humans. While healthy individuals typically resist infection, immunocompromised individuals and those with pre-existing lung diseases are at higher risk for aspergillosis. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) often develops in individuals with conditions like tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Recent studies in Taiwan reveal a significant incidence of CPA among elderly patients with these underlying conditions. The most common clinical manifestations include cavitation, nodules, and consolidation in the lungs. <em>Aspergillus</em>-specific IgG antibodies have emerged as key diagnostic markers, with varying optimal cut-off values across different regions. Studies indicate a strong correlation between high IgG levels and severe CPA, alongside associations with specific radiographic features. Additionally, elevated inflammatory markers such as IL-1β and TNF-α are linked to poor outcomes, emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention. The preferred treatment regimen consists of itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole, with itraconazole and voriconazole being the most extensively documented in the context of CPA. Overall, this review underscores the importance of localized diagnostic validation and comprehensive studies to improve the understanding and treatment of CPA in Taiwan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 6","pages":"Pages 833-839"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141940245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota compositions in the carriers and noncarriers of third-generation cephalosporin–resistant Escherichia coli: A study among children in southern Taiwan","authors":"Keng-Chin Yang ,&nbsp;Wan-Yu Tien ,&nbsp;Ming-Fang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antimicrobial resistance, particularly in third-generation cephalosporin–resistant (3GC-R) <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>), poses major global health challenges and has various clinical implications. Researchers have explored the relationship between extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing <em>E. coli</em> and gut microbiota composition, which influence host health and disease susceptibility, in adults. In this study, we analyzed gut microbiota composition in Taiwanese children by the colonization status of 3GC-R <em>E. coli</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included children (age, 0–6 years) from Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Fecal samples were subjected to microbiological and gut microbiome (full-length 16S rRNA sequencing) analyses. The antimicrobial susceptibility of <em>E. coli</em> colonies isolated from the samples was tested. Furthermore, gut microbiota compositions and diversity indices were compared between 3GC-R <em>E. coli</em> carriers and noncarriers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Approximately 46% of all children aged &lt;6 years carried 3GC-R <em>E. coli</em>. The abundances of <em>Drancourtella</em>, <em>Romboutsia</em>, and <em>Desulfovibrio</em> (genus level) were higher in carriers than in noncarriers. By contrast, the abundances of <em>Odoribacteraceae</em> (family level) and <em>Sutterella</em> (genus level) were higher in noncarriers than in carriers. No significant between-group difference was observed in alpha diversity. However, a significant between-group difference was noted in beta diversity (unweighted UniFrac analysis).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This is the first study that investigated differences in the gut microbiota between healthy 3GC-R <em>E. coli</em> carriers and noncarriers in children, suggesting potential mechanisms involving altered utilization of short-chain fatty acids and elevated succinate levels contributing to increased colonization of 3GC-R <em>E. coli</em>. The other taxa identified in this study may contribute to colonization resistance in the pediatric population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 6","pages":"Pages 896-905"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the dynamics of respiratory infections revealed by multiplex PCR testing during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan, 2020–2023","authors":"Hung-Chieh Su ,&nbsp;Yu-Chang Chang ,&nbsp;Chih-Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Meng-Yu Cheng ,&nbsp;Wen-Hsin Hsih ,&nbsp;Yi-Jhen Chen ,&nbsp;Chia-Huei Chou ,&nbsp;Yu-Chao Lin ,&nbsp;Chiung-Tzu Hsiao ,&nbsp;Hong-Mo Shih ,&nbsp;Mao-Wang Ho ,&nbsp;Po-Ren Hsueh","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 sparked the global COVID-19 pandemic, leading to varied vaccine policies worldwide. The evolving patterns of respiratory pathogens, aside from SARS-CoV-2, during the pandemic have had a significant impact on the development of vaccine strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study explores the landscape of respiratory pathogens, encompassing SARS-CoV-2, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza viruses, through a retrospective analysis of data obtained from the BioFire Respiratory Panel 2.1 (RP 2.1) at China Medical University Hospital (Taichung, Taiwan) spanning from January 2020 to November 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 7950 respiratory samples studied, pediatric cases exhibited higher positivity (64.9%, 2488/3835) and mixed detection rates (43.8%, 1090/2488) than adults. Annual mixed detection rates increased (27.9–48%). Prevalence analysis revealed diverse patterns across age groups, with higher rates in pediatrics. Notably, human rhinovirus/enterovirus predominated (48.1%). Mixed detection illustrated viral co-detections, notably with parainfluenza viruses and adenovirus. Government policies and pandemic dynamics influenced infection patterns, with RSV resurgence after May 2022. Age-specific RSV detection demonstrated a shift, influencing vaccine considerations. Amid global vaccine initiatives, RSV's increasing trend in adults warrants attention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This comprehensive analysis emphasizes the importance of multiplex PCR testing in shaping targeted vaccination strategies during evolving respiratory pathogen landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 6","pages":"Pages 868-878"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of a human co-infected with seasonal influenza A (H3N2) virus and avian influenza A (H10N5) virus, China, December 2023","authors":"Zimin Xie,&nbsp;Fengxiang Xu,&nbsp;Rongmao Chen,&nbsp;Ming Liao,&nbsp;Manman Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 6","pages":"Pages 966-969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}