Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Bacterial profile, and independent predictors for healthcare-associated pneumonia persistently caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria for patients with the preceding multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pneumonia in Taiwan","authors":"Li-Kuo Kuo ,&nbsp;Hou-Tai Chang ,&nbsp;Shun-Chung Hsueh ,&nbsp;I-Min Liu ,&nbsp;Po-Chuen Hsieh ,&nbsp;Shio-Shin Jean","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To understand the microbial profile and investigate the independent predictors for healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) pertinaciously caused by isolates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Multicenter ICU patients who received appropriate antibiotic treatments for preceding pneumonia due to MDR GNB isolates and subsequently developed HCAP caused by either MDR GNB (n = 126) or non-MDR GNB (n = 40) isolates in Taiwan between 2018 and 2023 were enrolled. Between the groups of patients with HCAP due to MDR GNB and non-MDR GNB, the proportions of the following variables, including demographic characteristics, important co-morbidities, nursing home residence, physiological severity, intervals between two hospitalizations, steroid use, the tracheostomy tube use alone, ventilator support, and the predominant GNB species involving HCAP, were analyzed using the chi-square test. Logistic regression was employed to explore the independent predictors for HCAP persistently caused by MDR GNB in the aforementioned variables with a <em>P</em>-value of &lt;0.15 in the univariate analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>MDR-<em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, and <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> complex were the three predominant species causing HCAP. Chronic structural lung disorders, diabetes mellitus, intervals of ≤30 days between two hospitalizations, use of the tracheostomy tube alone, and prior pneumonia caused by MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> complex were shown to independently predict the HCAP tenaciously caused by MDR GNB. Conversely, the preceding pneumonia caused by MDR <em>P. aeruginosa</em> was a negative predictor.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Identifying predictors for HCAP persistently caused by MDR GNB is crucial for prescribing appropriate antibiotics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 5","pages":"Pages 801-811"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S168411822400121X/pdfft?md5=1df95c0509fa51081cc6f881e4d055d5&pid=1-s2.0-S168411822400121X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Strongyloides stercoralis infection","authors":"Ruibing Yang, Meiyining Xu, Lichao zhang, Yao Liao, Yuheng Liu, Xiaoyan Deng, Lifu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"is an important soil-transmitted helminth occurring world-wide and affecting 30–100 million people. Because many cases are asymptomatic and sensitive diagnostic methods are lacking, infection is frequently underdiagnosed. The increasing incidence of autoimmune and wasting diseases and increased use of immunosuppressive agents, as well as the increased use of immunosuppressants and cytotoxic drugs, have increased infection and their mortality. This review provides information about epidemiology, life cycle, aetiology, pathology, comorbidities, immunology, vaccines, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, control and makes some recommendations for future prevention and control of this important parasite.","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141969217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of a modified enrichment broth for efficient screening of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women.","authors":"Daiki Tanno, Kyoichi Saito, Yasuaki Tomii, Yukari Nakatsuka, Kohei Uechi, Kazutaka Ohashi, Yukio Yamadera, Atsuko Hata, Masahiro Toyokawa, Hiroki Shimura","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We validated a modified enrichment broth that changes its color when group B Streptococcus (GBS) grows. No GBS was detected in any of the non-yellow samples. Thus, the non-yellow samples were considered GBS-negative without conducting further examinations, potentially reducing medical costs and workload.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RAGE participates in the intracellular transport of Campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin","authors":"Yu-Fang Chang ,&nbsp;Yi-Ping Huang ,&nbsp;Chia-Huei Chou ,&nbsp;Mao-Wang Ho ,&nbsp;Hwai-Jeng Lin ,&nbsp;Chun-Ya Chen ,&nbsp;Hui-Yu Wu ,&nbsp;Yi-Ru Lai ,&nbsp;Yuan-Haw Lee ,&nbsp;Cheng-Hsun Chiu ,&nbsp;Chih-Ho Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) belongs to the genotoxin family and is closely related to <em>Campylobacter jejuni</em>-associated gastroenteritis. We recently reported that CDT triggers the danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) signaling to exert deleterious effects on host cells. However, how CDT traffics in cells and the mechanism of CDT intoxication remain to be elucidated.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Recombinant CDT subunits (CdtA, CdtB, and CdtC) were purified, and their activity was characterized in gastrointestinal cells. Molecular approaches and image tracking were employed to analyze the delivery of CDT in host cells.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, we found that CDT interacts with the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) to enter the cells. Our results further showed that CdtB transport in cells through the dynamin-dependent endocytic pathway and lysosome is involved in this process. Conversely, blockage of RAGE signaling resulted in a reduction in CDT-arrested cell cycles, indicating that RAGE is involved in CDT intracellular transport and its subsequent pathogenesis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results demonstrate that RAGE is important for CDT trafficking in the cells. These findings expand our understanding of important issues related to host cell intoxication by <em>C. jejuni</em> CDT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 5","pages":"Pages 709-719"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S168411822400118X/pdfft?md5=a3484fdd0b8722779904c781aae8d6e9&pid=1-s2.0-S168411822400118X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with candidemia during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from experience in the Omicron era","authors":"Geng-Lou Lin ,&nbsp;Po-Hsun Chang ,&nbsp;Ing-Kit Lee ,&nbsp;Yi-Chun Chen ,&nbsp;Chen-Hsiang Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In Taiwan, COVID-19 outbreaks caused by the Omicron variant occurred in 2022. We investigated the incidence of candidemia during COVID-19 pandemic and the mortality of candidemia patients with COVID-19 in Taiwan.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The incidence of candidemia and fluconazole susceptibility of <em>Candida</em> species before (2015–2019) and during COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2023) at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital were investigated. The associated factors with mortality in candidemia patients during COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. Candidemia patients who had COVID-19 within the prior 90 days (case group, n = 34) were propensity-score matched for age, ICU admission, and abdominal surgery in a 1:4 ratio with candidemia patients without COVID-19 (control group, n = 136).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03), ICU stay (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.29–2.62), higher Charlson comorbidity index (AOR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03–1.13), corticosteroid use (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.04–2.17) were associated with increased risk of mortality; abdominal surgery (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.29–0.74) and infected by <em>Candida parapsilosis</em> (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38–0.98) were associated with decreased risk of mortality. After matching, there was no significant difference in mortality rates between the case and control groups. The incidence of candidemia increased from 196 to 278 patients/100,000 admissions during COVID-19 pandemic, while the causative species of candidemia and fluconazole susceptibility rates were similar.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>While the incidence of candidemia increased during COVID-19 pandemic, there was no significant difference in mortality between candidemia patients with and without COVID-19 in the Omicron era.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 5","pages":"Pages 812-821"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118224001257/pdfft?md5=723511a1fb812240f021457f122de9e3&pid=1-s2.0-S1684118224001257-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in Taiwan: Disease burden, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes","authors":"Chih-Cheng Lai, Po-Ren Hsueh","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"is a common filamentous fungus found in various natural environments, with spores frequently inhaled by humans. While healthy individuals typically resist infection, immunocompromised individuals and those with pre-existing lung diseases are at higher risk for aspergillosis. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) often develops in individuals with conditions like tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Recent studies in Taiwan reveal a significant incidence of CPA among elderly patients with these underlying conditions. The most common clinical manifestations include cavitation, nodules, and consolidation in the lungs. -specific IgG antibodies have emerged as key diagnostic markers, with varying optimal cut-off values across different regions. Studies indicate a strong correlation between high IgG levels and severe CPA, alongside associations with specific radiographic features. Additionally, elevated inflammatory markers such as IL-1β and TNF-α are linked to poor outcomes, emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention. The preferred treatment regimen consists of itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole, with itraconazole and voriconazole being the most extensively documented in the context of CPA. Overall, this review underscores the importance of localized diagnostic validation and comprehensive studies to improve the understanding and treatment of CPA in Taiwan.","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141940245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher hepatitis B core-specific T cell response is associated with a lower risk of clinical relapse after discontinuation of oral antiviral treatment","authors":"Tai-Chung Tseng ,&nbsp;Huei-Ru Cheng ,&nbsp;Tung-Hung Su ,&nbsp;Ping-Hung Lin ,&nbsp;Chih-Chiang Wang ,&nbsp;Hung-Chih Yang ,&nbsp;Cheng-Shiue Tsai ,&nbsp;Chun-Jen Liu ,&nbsp;Pei-Jer Chen ,&nbsp;Jia-Horng Kao","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific T cell response is a major host immune response to control the virus. However, it is still unclear how it affects long-term outcomes of chronic hepatitis B patients, especially those who stop nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy. We aimed to explore whether the HBV-specific T cell response at the end of treatment (EOT) was associated with clinical outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a prospective cohort study, 51 HBeAg-negative patients who discontinued NA therapy were enrolled.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In a mean follow-up of 25.3 months, 25 patients developed clinical relapse. We found that a stronger hepatitis B core (HBc)-specific T cell response at EOT was associated with a lower risk of clinical relapse. Compared to the low-response group, the high-response group had a lower risk of clinical relapse with hazard ratio of 0.21 (95% CI: 0.05–0.88). The high HBc-specific T cell response was associated with reduced surge of HBV DNA and HBcrAg during the first year of follow-up. The T cell response at EOT was comparable between different NA treatments. Notably, the overall HBV-specific T cell response could be partially restored along with clinical relapse; however, such reinvigorated T cell response was not associated with HBsAg seroclearance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A higher HBc-specific T cell response at EOT was associated with lower risk of clinical relapse and reduced surge of HBV DNA and HBcrAg levels off NA therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 5","pages":"Pages 700-708"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118224001233/pdfft?md5=6392c5baa333bdf05483b950e1f21702&pid=1-s2.0-S1684118224001233-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141940246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating treatment failure of pulmonary pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: The role of new and repurposed drugs","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB), defined as multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) with additional resistance to any fluoroquinolone (FQ) is difficult to treat. We assessed whether the use of new or repurposed drugs (bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, carbapenem, clofazimine, pretomanid) mitigated treatment failure of pre-XDR-TB.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>MDR-TB patients managed in the Taiwan MDR-TB consortium between July 2009–December 2019 were eligible. Treatment outcomes at 30 months were assessed. Logistic regression models were constructed to investigate factors associated with treatment outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>109 patients with FQ-resistant MDR-TB and 218 patients with FQ-susceptible MDR-TB were included. 60 (55.1%) patients with FQ-resistant MDR-TB and 63 (28.9%) patients with FQ-susceptible MDR-TB have been treated with new or repurposed drugs (p &lt; 0.01). Of the 218 patients with FQ-susceptible MDR-TB, 187 (85.8%) had treatment success, 30 (13.8%) died, no treatment failure, and 1 (0.5%) was loss-to-follow-up; of the 109 patients with FQ-resistant MDR-TB, 78 (71.6%) had treatment success, 21 (19.3%) died, 9 (8.3%) had treatment failure, and 1 (0.9%) was loss-to-follow-up (p &lt; 0.01). The use of new or repurposed drugs was not associated with treatment outcomes among patients with FQ-susceptible MDR-TB. No patients with FQ-resistant MDR-TB treated with ≥2 new or repurposed drugs within 6 months of treatment initiation had treatment failure (p = 0.03). Patients with FQ-resistant MDR-TB treated with 1 new or repurposed drugs was more likely to have treatment failure as compared with patients not treated with new or repurposed drugs (adjOR 7.06, 95% CI 1.72–29.06).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Proper use of new or repurposed anti-TB drugs can mitigate treatment failure in FQ-resistant MDR-TB.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 4","pages":"Pages 617-628"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118224000768/pdfft?md5=acafda013d3ca3c328b7bc6c8e30acd0&pid=1-s2.0-S1684118224000768-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140812158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Far-ultraviolet irradiation at 222 nm destroys and sterilizes the biofilms formed by periodontitis pathogens","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Periodontal disease is the leading cause of tooth loss, and an association between periodontal disease and non-oral systemic diseases has been shown. Formation of biofilm by periodontal pathogens such as <em>Fusobacterium nucleatum</em>, <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Streptococcus mutans</em> and their resistance to antimicrobial agents are at the root of persistent and chronic bacterial infections.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The bactericidal effect of far-ultraviolet (F-UV) light irradiation at 222 nm on periodontal bacteria was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively. The effect of biofilm disruption by F-UV light on periodontal bacteria was examined by crystal violet staining, and the morphologic changes of the biofilm after F-UV irradiation were explored by confocal laser microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. We developed a thin fiber-type 222 nm F-UV irradiator and studied its safety and effect of reducing bacteria in rodent models.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>F-UV light at 222 nm had a bactericidal effect on <em>F. nucleatum</em>, <em>P. gingivalis</em>, and <em>S. mutans</em>. Irradiation with F-UV light reduced the biofilm formed by the bacteria and sterilized them from within. Confocal laser microscopy showed a clear reduction in biofilm thickness, and scanning electron microscopy confirmed disintegration of the biofilm architecture. F-UV irradiation was less damaging to DNA and less cytotoxic than deep-ultraviolet light, and it reduced bacterial counts on the tooth surface.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>F-UV irradiation has the potential to destroy biofilm and act as a bactericide against pathogenic bacteria in the biofilm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 4","pages":"Pages 533-545"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118224000823/pdfft?md5=bc262f58af6f2fc0d7ec4dd2ca322da9&pid=1-s2.0-S1684118224000823-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and evolution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein titers after three doses of COVID-19 vaccination in people with HIV","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Real-world vaccine effectiveness following the third dose of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 remains less investigated among people with HIV (PWH).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>PWH receiving the third dose of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 (either 50- or 100-μg) were enrolled. Participants were followed for 180 days until the fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 infection, seroconversion of anti-nucleocapsid IgG, death, or loss to follow-up. Anti-spike IgG was determined every 1–3 months.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 1427 participants undergoing the third-dose COVID-19 vaccination, 632 (44.3%) received 100-μg mRNA-1273, 467 (32.8%) 50-μg mRNA-1273, and 328 (23.0%) BNT162b2 vaccine and the respective rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection or seroconversion of anti-nucleocapsid IgG was 246.1, 280.8 and 245.2 per 1000 person-months of follow-up (log-rank test, p = 0.28). Factors associated with achieving anti-S IgG titers &gt;1047 BAU/mL included CD4 count &lt;200 cells/mm³ (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.11; 95% CI, 0.04–0.31), plasma HIV RNA &gt;200 copies/mL (aOR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.09–0.80), having achieved anti-spike IgG &gt;141 BAU/mL within 3 months after primary vaccination (aOR, 3.69; 95% CI, 2.68–5.07), receiving BNT162b2 vaccine as the third dose (aOR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10–0.41; reference, 100-μg mRNA-1273), and having previously received two doses of mRNA vaccine in primary vaccination (aOR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1,75-3.45; reference, no exposure to mRNA vaccine).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PWH receiving different types of the third dose of COVID-19 vaccine showed similar vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection. An additional dose with 100-μg mRNA-1273 could generate a higher antibody response than with 50-μg mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 4","pages":"Pages 554-563"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118224000410/pdfft?md5=31ef3fdd8cb6b549e02ae531635d946c&pid=1-s2.0-S1684118224000410-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139988321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}