Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Recommendations and guidance for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for adults in Taiwan.","authors":"Kuan-Yin Lin, I-Fan Lin, Ping-Feng Wu, Wen-Chia Tsai, Lian-Yi Su, Chia-Ning Chang, Wei-Hsuan Huang, Ching-Hsun Wang, Miao-Chiu Hung, Chien-Hsien Huang, Nan-Chang Chiu, Ming-Fang Cheng, Szu-Min Hsieh, Ning-Chi Wang, Ping-Ing Lee, Chun-Yi Lu, Hsiao-Wei Wang, Swee Siang Wong, Po-Chang Lin, Ming-Han Tsai, Shun-Cheng Yang, Yu-Lung Hsu, Susan Shin-Jung Lee, Yee-Chun Chen, Fu-Der Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent viral infection globally, transmitted primarily through sexual or intimate skin-to-skin contact. Certain HPV types can cause anogenital warts and has the potential to cause cervical cancer, other anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers. Adjuvanted, non-live, HPV recombinant vaccines, including the bivalent, quadrivalent, and 9-valent vaccines, are widely recommended for adolescents and young adults to prevent HPV infection and lower the incidence of HPV-related cancers. However, recommendations for adults aged 26 years or older have been lacking due to insufficient evidence until recently. The Working Group on Adult Immunization Practice of the Infectious Diseases Society of Taiwan (IDSTAIP working group) addressed this gap and drafted recommendations for HPV vaccination in adults using the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. These recommendations were then reviewed and revised by expert panels and endorsed by eight national medical societies. This document is positioned as a guidance to provide recommendations for HPV vaccination in adults, considering gender, age, immune status, and prior HPV vaccination history. Safety evaluations, dosing schedules, and special considerations regarding the occupational exposure of healthcare providers, based on potential modes of HPV transmission, are provided. In summary, a 3-dose HPV vaccination schedule is recommended for all adults through age 45 years, regardless of sex, to prevent genital warts, anogenital cancers, as well as oropharyngeal infections and cancers. This guidance serves to assist healthcare providers in facilitating shared decision-making but does not supersede clinical judgment in assessing individual risk and making specific recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19, Epstein-Barr virus reactivation and autoimmunity: Casual or causal liaisons?","authors":"Maria Cristina Tarasco, Nicola Iacomino, Renato Mantegazza, Paola Cavalcante","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, has been associated with a substantial risk of autoimmune disease development or exacerbation. The postulated pathophysiological mechanisms linking COVID-19 with autoimmunity include reactivation of latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), whose dysregulated infection in the host can trigger or promote an autoimmune response. This review summarizes recent studies highlighting a potential immunopathogenetic link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and EBV reactivation, which could underlie autoimmunity onset or worsening, as well as immune-related long COVID manifestations in COVID-19 patients. We offer our perspective on the direction that research should take to disentangle the nature (whether causal or casual) of the \"COVID-19-EBV-autoimmunity\" liaisons. Further advances in this research area may be crucial for designing strategies to prevent or treat EBV reactivation-related autoimmune conditions in COVID-19 patients, or patients with inflammatory co-infectious diseases, at the same time promising to improve our knowledge on the viral contribution to autoimmune phenomena.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel DNA gyrase mutations in levofloxacin-resistant Helicobacter pylori isolates from southern Vietnam.","authors":"Thi Nhu Le Tran, Ngoc-Niem Bui, Vu Trung Nguyen, Ngoc Anh Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The escalating antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has become a significant concern in the management of infections. This study aimed to investigate the mutations associated with levofloxacin resistance in H. pylori isolated from southern Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Levofloxacin-resistant H. pylori strains were isolated from peptic ulcer patients and DNA sequencing of DNA gyrase (gyrA and gyrB) genes was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that 97 % of resistant isolates bearing at least one mutation in GyrA and 32.3 % had a simultaneous mutation in GyrB. Additionally, we identified three previously known mutations, G85C (1.5 %), N87 (34.3 %), and D91 (14.9 %), within the quinolone-resistance-determining region (QRDR) region of GyrA, which confer resistance through natural transformation and were the most prevalent in our study. Notably, we demonstrated a mutation (A88V MIC 4 μg/mL) in GyrA and four novel mutations (E422R MIC 16 μg/mL, A426G MIC 32 μg/mL, S429E MIC 4 μg/mL, and P443A MIC 4 μg/mL) in GyrB, belonging to the QRDR. Additionally, several mutations outside the QRDR were observed, including R190K (16.4 %), P219A/G (13.4 %), L45F (9 %), P220E (6 %), Y28I (4.5 %), A27L (3 %) in GyrA, and S457A (7.5 %), A382F (5.9 %), L389F (4.5 %), D412R (1.5 %), L460P (1.5 %), I482V (1.5 %), and L518E (1.5 %) that have not been documented in any previous studies and were not functionally validated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight the high genetic diversity and prevalence of levofloxacin-resistant H. pylori strains in southern Vietnam and provide valuable insights into levofloxacin resistance mechanisms for future diagnostic and treatment advancements.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in research on Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence factors and their role in pathogenesis.","authors":"Ming-Rui Sun, Jia-Yin Xing, Xiao-Tian Li, Ren Fang, Yang Zhang, Zhao-Li Li, Ning-Ning Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB) in humans and animals. Mtb invades the host's lungs via airborne transmission, infecting macrophages and causing TB. In some cases, the infection can spread to other tissues and organs. Despite the availability of several drugs for TB treatment, the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB has led to high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Therefore, it is urgent to discover new anti-tuberculosis drugs for more effective treatment. Recent studies have shown that Mtb virulence factors play a crucial role in its pathogenicity. By evading the host's immune surveillance through mechanisms such as anti-oxidative stress, nutrient synthesis and metabolism, and apoptosis in host cells, Mtb can achieve long-term survival in the host. Understanding the pathogenicity mechanisms of Mtb will aid the development of new vaccines and anti-tuberculosis drugs. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress on Mtb virulence factors to provide a reference for targeted TB treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical and molecular characteristics of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae diseases in nonpregnant adults in Taiwan.","authors":"Jen-Fu Hsu, Wei-Ju Lee, Shih-Ming Chu, Yao-Sheng Wang, Hsuan-Rong Huang, Peng-Hong Yang, Jang-Jih Lu, Ming-Horng Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is a growing threat to nonpregnant adults. We aimed to describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of invasive GBS infections in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All adults with invasive GBS infections at a tertiary-level medical center in Taiwan between 2014 and 2020 were analyzed. Capsule serotyping, multilocus sequence typing and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 666 adults with GBS infections were analyzed. The median age at onset was 65 years (range 19-102). The most common manifestation was bacteremia without focus (80.4 %). The younger patients (19-39 years old) had a significantly higher rate of non-bloodstream infections (24.6 %, P < 0.001) and were overweight in most cases (77.2 %). Most patients had underlying chronic comorbidities (82.3 %). Capsular types VI (33.0 %), Ia (19.4 %), III (15.0 %), and V (10.2 %) were predominant. Clonal complexes (CCs) 1, 12, 17, 19, 23 and 452 accounted for 96.3 % (464/482) of the cases. All GBS isolates were susceptible to β-lactam antibiotics. The rates of resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin were 42.6 % and 39.2 %, respectively, but were especially high in type III, Ib and V GBS isolates. The mortality rates at one month and one year were 5.0 % and 12.3 %, respectively, but were significantly higher in elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The clinical manifestations of invasive GBS infections in adults are diverse. Elderly patients are susceptible to invasive GBS infections and have a relatively high mortality rate. Continuous surveillance of GBS epidemiology should be enforced given the increasing growing importance of antibiotic-resistant GBS isolates.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbial signatures associated with uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients.","authors":"Mei-Ju Ko, Chun-Hsing Liao, Yen-Ling Chiu, Wan-Chuan Tsai, Ju-Yeh Yang, Mei-Fen Pai, Ping-Hsiu Tsai, Shih-Ping Hsu, Yu-Sen Peng, Hon-Yen Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The gut microbiota influences the gut-skin-kidney axis, but its role in uremic pruritus remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore differences in gut microbial profiles between hemodialysis (HD) patients with and without uremic pruritus and identify potential microbial signatures associated with uremic pruritus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study of HD patients with and without uremic pruritus. Stool samples were collected from all participants, and the gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Alpha and beta diversity metrics were calculated to assess microbial diversity. LEfSe analysis was performed to identify differentially abundant taxa associated with uremic pruritus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 93 HD patients (mean age: 61.9 years, 31.2 % female), uremic pruritus occurred in 61.3 % of patients, with a median visual analog scale (VAS) score of 4.0. While alpha diversity did not differ significantly between groups, beta diversity analysis revealed significant compositional differences (unweighted UniFrac metric, P = 0.004; weighted UniFrac metric, P < 0.001). LEfSe analysis revealed significant enrichment of the order Pasteurellales, family Pasteurellaceae and genus Dialister in patients with uremic pruritus, whereas the order Corynebacteriales was more abundant in patients without pruritus (P < 0.05, LDA score > 3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we found significant differences in gut microbiota composition between HD patients with and without uremic pruritus and identified potential microbial biomarkers for uremic pruritus. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and explore microbiota-targeted therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-carriage of bla_NDM-1 and bla_VIM-2 in different plasmids of Acinetobacter junii isolate and the transfer of bla_NDM-1-carrying plasmids to Gram-negative bacteria.","authors":"Md Shohel Rana, Shukho Kim, Seo Yeon Ko, Nayeong Kim, Seong Yeob Kim, Da Eun Lee, Ki Tae Kwon, Yu Kyung Kim, Je Chul Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter junii isolate co-carried bla_VIM-2 and bla_NDM-1 in different plasmids. bla_NDM-1- and bla_VIM-2-carrying plasmids were characterized using the whole genome sequencing. The expression of bla_NDM-1 was higher than that of bla_VIM-2. bla_NDM-1-carrying plasmid was conjugally transferred to various Gram-negative bacterial species. The transferability of bla_NDM-1-carrying plasmid raises concerns about the potential spread of carbapenem resistance across diverse bacterial populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world evidence of dalbavancin effectiveness as consolidation therapy in infective endocarditis due to Enterococcus spp.","authors":"Carmen Hidalgo-Tenorio, Svetlana Sadyrvaeba-Dolgova, Eduardo Aparicio-Minguijón, Arístides Alarcón, Antonio Plata, Francisco Javier Martínez Marcos, Beatriz Álvarez-Álvarez, Belén Loeches, Benedetta Varisco, Agustín Estévez, Carmen Herrero, Francesc Escrihuela-Vidal, Lucia Boix-Palop, Yvon Ruch, Florent Valour, Nahéma Issa, Pauline Thill, Sophie Nguyen, Samantha Poloni, Romain Millot, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Timothée Boyer-Chammard, Kevin Diallo, Romaric Larcher, Jose M Miró, David Luque-Paz","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enterococcal endocarditis (EIE) affects elderly patients, with high rates of complications and mortality, and dalbavancin (DBV) exhibits significant antimicrobial activity against most enterococci. However, data are lacking on the use of DBV in EIE. The main objective was to evaluate the outcomes of treatment with DBV in the consolidation therapy of IE by Enterococcus spp.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Spanish-French retrospective observational study of patients with EIE enrolled between November 2016 and June 30, 2022 receiving DBV in consolidation phase and followed for ≥12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-eight patients were enrolled, 69.4 % male, with mean age of 71.2 (±12.51) years and median Charlson index of 5 (IQR 3-7). Criteria for definite IE were met by 84.7%; 60.2 % had IE on native valve, 26.5 % late prosthetic IE, 8.2 % early prosthetic IE, 2 % cardiovascular implantable electronic-IE (CIE-IE), and 3.1 % CIE-IE and valve. Aortic valve involvement was observed in 66.3 %. E. faecalis was isolated in 86.7 %, E. faecium in 11.2 %; 32.6 % underwent surgery, and these had a higher cure rate (100 % vs 75.8 %; p = 0.005) and lower mortality (0 vs 13.6 %; p = 0.029). DBV was administered to facilitate discharge in 88.8 %. Total dose was 2500 mg (1500-3000) over 3.5 weeks (2-4). Loss to follow-up was 0 %, relapse rate 8.2 %, 1-year IE-related mortality 3.1 %, and clinical cure rate 81.2 %. Severe adverse events affected 1 % (acute tubular necrosis). Hospital stay was reduced by 21 days (14-28).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DBV appears to be highly effective, safe, and cost-effective as consolidation therapy in patients with IE caused by Enterococcus spp., with minimal adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture-negative orthopedic implant-associated infection due to Mycoplasma hominis: A case report.","authors":"Tian-Yu You, Nan-Yao Lee, Tai-Hua Yang, Po-Lin Chen, Ming-Chi Li, Shu-Li Su, Yu-Wei Hsu, Wen-Chien Ko","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oseltamivir-resistant influenza in a fatal immunocompromised adult.","authors":"Hao-En Jan, Yi-Ting Huang, Cong-Tat Cia, Huey-Pin Tsai, Wen-Chien Ko","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}