Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Alternations of the gut microbiota and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio after biologic treatment in inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Yu-Chieh Tsai ,&nbsp;Wei-Chen Tai ,&nbsp;Chih-Ming Liang ,&nbsp;Cheng-Kun Wu ,&nbsp;Ming-Chao Tsai ,&nbsp;Wan-Hsiang Hu ,&nbsp;Pao-Yuan Huang ,&nbsp;Chien-Hung Chen ,&nbsp;Yuan-Hung Kuo ,&nbsp;Chih-Chien Yao ,&nbsp;Seng-Kee Chuah","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is a complex disease with multifactorial etiology. The intestinal dysbiosis have been investigated to play an important role in IBD pathogenesis and disease activity. The aim of our study was to analyze the intestinal microbiota composition in IBD across different severity levels and the impact of biologic therapy on microbiota modulation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, 27 IBD patients were recruited, including 14 patients undergoing biologic therapy for moderate to severe disease activity and 13 controls with inactive disease. The gut microbial composition was determined by 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of stool samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Biologic therapy led to significant clinical improvement in IBD disease activity after 48 weeks. About species richness, community alpha diversity was significant lower in active CD patients and enriched gradually after biologic therapy. The beta-diversity regard to the difference of bacterial community composition showed significant difference between patients in biologic and control group. A decrease in <em>Firmicutes</em> and increase in <em>Bacteroidetes</em> abundance were observed in patients with active disease, both in CD and UC. Biologic treatment induced shifts in gut microbiota, with increased <em>Firmicutes</em> and decreased <em>Bacteroidetes</em>, as well as improved F/B ratio gradually after treatment, correlating with disease activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study suggested that gut microbiota differences changed after biologic therapies among IBD with different disease activity, and a rising Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio could be a potential predictor for disease activity and treatment response monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 62-69"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommendation for the use of respiratory syncytial virus vaccines","authors":"Ping-Ing Lee ,&nbsp;Yhu-Chering Huang ,&nbsp;Ching-Chuan Liu ,&nbsp;Shee-Uan Chen ,&nbsp;Po-Ren Hsueh ,&nbsp;Shih-Chi Ku ,&nbsp;Po-Yen Chen ,&nbsp;Chih-Jung Chen ,&nbsp;Yi-Tsung Lin ,&nbsp;Chun-Yi Lu ,&nbsp;Nan-Chang Chiu ,&nbsp;Hsin Chi ,&nbsp;Yee-Chun Chen ,&nbsp;Feng-Yee Chang ,&nbsp;Muh-Yong Yen ,&nbsp;Chin-Te Lu ,&nbsp;Kuang-Yao Yang ,&nbsp;Cheng-Hsun Chiu ,&nbsp;Kao-Pin Hwang ,&nbsp;Wen-Sen Lee ,&nbsp;Tzou-Yien Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen for young children hospitalized with bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Most infections occur below 1 year of age. RSV is also a significant viral pathogen for adults with respiratory tract infection.</div><div>Vaccines targeting the pre-fusion protein of RSV, including recombinant and mRNA vaccines, are now available. A committee of experts from related fields was convened by the Taiwan Immunization Vision and Strategy to develop recommendations for RSV vaccination in the elderly and pregnant women.</div><div>The recommendation is not intended as a sole source of guidance in the prevention of RSV infection in children. The provisions listed in this recommendation are comprehensive suggestions made by experts in Taiwan based on existing medical evidence. This recommendation should be subject to modification in light of additional medical research findings in the future, and these provisions should not be cited as a basis for dispute resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Signatures of lower respiratory tract microbiome in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia using shotgun metagenomic sequencing","authors":"Ting-Yu Yen ,&nbsp;Ching Hsu ,&nbsp;Ni-Chung Lee ,&nbsp;Chao-Szu Wu ,&nbsp;Hsin Wang ,&nbsp;Kuan-Yi Lee ,&nbsp;Chia-Ray Lin ,&nbsp;Chun-Yi Lu ,&nbsp;Mo-Li Tsai ,&nbsp;Tzu-Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Che Lin ,&nbsp;Chien-Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Luan-Yin Chang ,&nbsp;Feipei Lai ,&nbsp;Li-Min Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Severe community-acquired pneumonia was associated with high morbidity and mortality in children. However, species-level microbiome of lower airway was sparse, and we used shotgun metagenomic next-generation sequencing to explore microbial signatures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective cohort study to recruit children under 18 who required admission to an intensive care unit for community-acquired pneumonia between December 2019 and February 2022. Lower respiratory specimens were collected on admission for shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The children were divided into two groups. Critical cases were patients with respiratory failure requiring endotracheal ventilator support, and severe cases did not require intubation. Signatures of lower respiratory tract microbiome were compared between groups using an exact k-mer matching metagenomic analysis pipeline (Kraken 2) and a metagenome-assembled genomes pipeline (MetaWRAP).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Totally 66 children were enrolled, and 27 children were critical cases, and the rest were severe cases. There were significant differences in microbial community structure between different severity groups, and microbial abundance was negatively correlated with disease severity. The results showed that <em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> was more prominent in children who were critical, accompanied with increased expression of intracellular transport, secretion, and vesicle transport genes. <em>Rothia mucilaginosa, Dolosigranulum pigrum,</em> and <em>Prevotella melaninogenica</em> tended to be present in less severe community-acquired pneumonia group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrated that significantly different microbial community was associated with severity of community-acquired pneumonia requiring intensive care admission. Species-level shotgun metagenomic sequencing facilitates the exploration of potentially pathogenic or protective microbes and shed the light of probiotic development in lower respiratory tract.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 86-93"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Pta-AckA pathway on CPS biosynthesis and type 3 fimbriae expression in Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Tien-Huang Lin ,&nbsp;Chen-Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Chien-Chen Wu ,&nbsp;Ching-Ting Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause infections, especially in individuals with diabetes. Recently, more hypervirulent strains have emerged, posing a threat even to healthy individuals. Understanding how <em>K. pneumoniae</em> regulates its virulence factors is crucial. Acetyl-phosphate (AcP) is essential for bacterial metabolism and can affect virulence factor expression. However, the role of the Pta-AckA pathway, which regulates AcP levels, in <em>K. pneumoniae</em> pathogenesis remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Deletion mutants lacking the <em>pta</em> and <em>ackA</em>, involved in AcP production and hydrolysis, were generated in <em>K. pneumoniae</em> CG43S3. Their effects on AcP levels, the patterns of global acetylated protein, capsular polysaccharide (CPS) amount, serum resistance, type 3 fimbriae expression, biofilm formation, and virulence in <em>G</em>. <em>mellonella</em> larva were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Deletion of <em>ackA</em> in <em>K. pneumoniae</em> CG43S3 led to AcP accumulation, while <em>pta</em> deletion abolished AcP synthesis when grown in TB7+1 % glucose. This pathway influenced global protein acetylation, with <em>pta</em> deletion decreasing acetylation and <em>ackA</em> deletion increasing it. Additionally, <em>pta</em> deletion decreased the CPS amount, serum resistance, and type 3 fimbriae expression, while <em>ackA</em> deletion increased these factors. Furthermore, deleting <em>pta</em> and <em>ackA</em> attenuated the infected larva's virulence and death rate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings highlight the critical role of the Pta-AckA pathway in <em>K. pneumoniae</em> pathogenesis. This pathway regulates AcP levels, global protein acetylation, CPS production, serum resistance, and type 3 fimbriae expression, ultimately impacting virulence. The information provides insights into potential therapeutic targets for combating <em>K. pneumoniae</em> infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 48-55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the function of novel cross-species microRNAs from the excretory-secretory products of Angiostrongylus cantonensis fifth-stage larvae","authors":"Kuang-Yao Chen ,&nbsp;Yi-Hsuan Lin ,&nbsp;Chien-Ju Cheng ,&nbsp;Yi-Hao Huang ,&nbsp;Sheng-Yu Lin ,&nbsp;Chyi-Liang Chen ,&nbsp;Cheng-Hsun Chiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</em> is a significant foodborne zoonotic parasite that causes severe neuropathological damage and symptoms in humans. Excretory-secretory products (ESPs) play a pivotal role in elucidating host-parasite interactions and can aid in penetrating host defensive barriers in helminths. Recently, secreted microRNAs have become important research targets for parasite-host communication. In this study, we determined the expression and function of novel microRNAs from <em>A. cantonensis</em> L5 ESPs and evaluated the effect of target microRNAs on the molecular mechanisms of mouse astrocytes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Here, we employed next-generation sequencing (NGS) to establish the secreted microRNAs dataset. Next, we evaluated the effects of AcESPs-microRNAs in <em>A. cantonensis</em> ESPs treated astrocytes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>First, we established the secreted microRNA dataset, and then comprehensively verified the characteristics. Novel microRNAs were initially detected, and their expression was found. Moreover, the prediction results showed that these secreted microRNAs may regulate Wnt and mTOR signaling. Next, the data showed that the AcNOVEL55 microRNA reduced cell apoptosis generation via regulating the RhoA-Rock signaling pathway in <em>A. cantonensis</em> L5 ESPs treated mouse astrocytes. Moreover, we also demonstrated that the AcNOVEL31 microRNA can affect the inflammation activation via regulating the presenilin-1/GSK3B/β-catenin/NF-κB pathway. Finally, the concentrations of secreted IL-6 and IL-12 proteins were downregulated by AcNOVEL31 microRNA by influencing presenilin-1 expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This is the first study to verify the molecular functions of novel microRNAs secreted by <em>A. cantonensis.</em> The discovery of the microRNA mechanisms by which cross-species parasitic nematodes influence hosts has advanced research on host-parasitic nematode interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 128-137"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryptococcosis in wait-listed liver transplant candidates: Prevalence, manifestations, and risk factors","authors":"Wan-Ting Tsai ,&nbsp;Aristine Cheng ,&nbsp;Yu-Chung Chuang ,&nbsp;Cheng-Maw Ho ,&nbsp;Yao-Ming Wu ,&nbsp;Ming-Chih Ho ,&nbsp;Hsin-Yun Sun ,&nbsp;Ray-Hung Hu ,&nbsp;Yee-Chun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Liver cirrhosis compromises immunity against cryptococcosis, and liver transplant recipients tend to develop the disease earlier after transplantation, possibly due to unrecognized pretransplant infection. We assessed the prevalence and characteristics of cryptococcosis among liver transplant candidates and whether pre-transplant cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) can detect the disease before transplantation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively included liver transplant candidates in a tertiary hospital during 2017–2022. Serum CrAg and pulmonary computed tomography were incorporated in routine transplant evaluation. Other investigations were done if indicated. Cryptococcosis was diagnosed by positive culture or CrAg. Risk factors for cryptococcosis were also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 377 candidates with a median MELD-Na score of 18, 84.4% had hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Cryptococcosis was diagnosed in 10 (2.6%) candidates, by CrAg in 6, culture in 2, or both in 2. Only 3 had fever, and 3 were asymptomatic; 7 had pulmonary cryptococcosis. Of the 10 candidates with cryptococcosis, one underwent transplantation after 143-day antifungals. Of the 87 candidates undergoing liver transplantation, one (1.2%) recipient developed cryptococcosis 14 days post-transplant with negative CrAg three weeks before transplantation. HBsAg-positive chronic HBV infection with HBV DNA loads &lt;2000 IU/mL was significantly associated with cryptococcosis (odds ratio 4.4, 95% confidence interval 1.2–16.5, p = 0.03) after the adjustment of MELD-Na score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence of cryptococcosis was 2.6% among our liver transplant candidates and CrAg detected 80% of the cases. Disease presentation was mild and pulmonary disease predominated. HBsAg-positive chronic HBV infection with HBV DNA loads &lt;2000 IU/mL was significantly associated with cryptococcosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 103-111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of global transcriptomes for nontyphoidal Salmonella clinical isolates from pediatric patients with and without bacteremia after their interaction with human intestinal epithelial cells in vitro","authors":"Buyandelger Batsaikhan ,&nbsp;Pei-Chun Lin ,&nbsp;Katsumi Shigemura ,&nbsp;Yu-Wei Wu ,&nbsp;Reo Onishi ,&nbsp;Pei-Ru Chang ,&nbsp;Hung-Yen Cheng ,&nbsp;Shiuh-Bin Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nontyphoidal <em>Salmonella</em> (NTS) outbreaks of invasive diseases are increasing. Whether the genetic diversity of invasive NTS correlates with the clinical characteristics and bacteremia development in NTS infections remains unclear. In this study, we compared the global transcriptomes between bacteremic and nonbacteremic NTS strains after their interaction with human intestinal epithelial cells <em>in vitro</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We selected clinical isolates obtained from stool and blood samples of patients with or without bacteremia and patients with high and low C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The bacterial RNA samples were isolated after coculturing with Caco-2 cells for RNA sequencing and subsequent analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CRP is an unreliable predictive maker for NTS bacteremia with a median CRP level of 1.6 mg/dL. Certain <em>Salmonella</em> Pathogenicity Island (SPI)-1 genes (<em>sipC</em>, <em>sipA</em>, <em>sicA</em>, <em>sipD</em>, and <em>sipB</em>), SPI-2 genes (<em>ssaP</em>, <em>ssrA</em>, and <em>ssaS</em>), and six SPI-4 genes (<em>siiA</em>, <em>siiB</em>, <em>siiC</em>, <em>siiD</em>, <em>siiE</em>, and <em>siiF</em>) remained upregulated in the bacteremic blood-derived strains but significantly downregulated in the nonbacteremic strains after their interaction with Caco-2 cells. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways analysis identified that arginine biosynthesis, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and phosphotransferase system pathways were activated in bacteremic NTS strains after Caco-2 cell priming.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CRP levels were not correlated with bacteremia development. Significant regulation of certain SPI genes in bacteremic NTS strains after Caco-2 cell priming; bacteremia development might be influenced by the host immune response and the extent to which specific metabolism pathways in NTS strains can be prevented from invading the bloodstream.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 38-47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142333171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Mpox-specific IgG titers before and after breakthrough Mpox infection in an HIV-infected individual with viral suppression and prior 2-dose Mpox vaccination","authors":"Wang-Da Liu,&nbsp;Tai-Ling Chao,&nbsp;Sui-Yuan Chang,&nbsp;Chien-Ching Hung","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 149-151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii from Raman spectra by Artificial Intelligent Raman Detection and Identification System (AIRDIS) with machine learning","authors":"Yu-Tzu Lin ,&nbsp;Hsiu-Hsien Lin ,&nbsp;Chih-Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Kun-Hao Tseng ,&nbsp;Pang-Chien Hsu ,&nbsp;Ya-Lun Wu ,&nbsp;Wei-Cheng Chang ,&nbsp;Nai-Shun Liao ,&nbsp;Yi-Fan Chou ,&nbsp;Chun-Yi Hsu ,&nbsp;Yu-Hui Liao ,&nbsp;Mao-Wang Ho ,&nbsp;Shih-Sheng Chang ,&nbsp;Po-Ren Hsueh ,&nbsp;Der-Yang Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rapid and accurate identification of bacteria is required in order to develop effective treatment strategies. Traditional culture-based methods are time-consuming, while MALDI-TOF MS is expensive. The Raman spectroscopy, due to its relatively cost-effectiveness, offers a promising alternative for bacterial identification. However, its clinical utility still requires further validation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, the artificial intelligent Raman detection and identification system (AIRDIS) was implemented to identify bacterial species, including <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (n = 1290), <em>Enterococcus faecium</em> (n = 1020), <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (n = 1366), <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (n = 1067), and <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (n = 811). Raman spectra were collected, preprocessed, and analyzed by machine learning (ML).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After training on 24,420 Raman spectra from 1221 isolates and testing on 4333 isolates, the AIRDIS demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 for Gram classification, with accuracies of 97.64 % for Gram-positive bacteria and 98.86 % for Gram-negative bacteria. Spectral differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were linked to structural variations in their cell walls, such as peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharides. At the species level, <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>E. faecium</em>, <em>K. pneumoniae</em>, <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, and <em>A. baumannii</em> were identified with high accuracy, ranging from 94.76 % to 96.88 %, with all species achieving an AUC of 0.99.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Validation with a large number of clinical isolates demonstrated Raman spectroscopy combined with ML excels in identification of five bacterial species associated with multidrug resistance. This finding confirms the clinical utility of the system while laying a solid foundation for the future development of antimicrobial resistance prediction models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 77-85"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entamoeba histolytica and Cryptosporidium co-infections in an HIV-infected, viral suppressed patient with a normal CD4 count","authors":"Chun-Hsien Chen ,&nbsp;Wei-Hung Cheng ,&nbsp;Ling-Shan Syue ,&nbsp;Ming-Chi Li ,&nbsp;Chin-Shiang Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmii.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 154-155"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}