Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of baicalein in treating recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus: An in vitro study.","authors":"Chung-Ching Lin, Chien-Hsiang Su, Wei-Chien Huang, Yuan-Man Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/purpose(s): </strong>Staphylococcus aureus overgrowth contributes to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) through biofilm formation, bacterial invasion, and immune evasion. These factors lead to persistent infections and complications, especially in cases of refractory CRS. This study examines baicalein's effects on bacterial virulence and host responses using Calu-3 cells as an in vitro testing platform.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baicalein's effects on S. aureus-induced epithelial damage were evaluated in a Calu-3 cell co-culture model. The analyses included bacterial clumping, biofilm formation, internalization, tight junction integrity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and key signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baicalein inhibited bacterial clumping, biofilm formation, and internalization by downregulating key virulence genes (fnbpA, fnbpB, clfB, rot, sarA, and icaR). It also suppressed the Agr and LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing systems, which regulate virulence and biofilm development. In host cells, baicalein reduced S. aureus-induced apoptosis by modulating the PI3K/Akt pathway and attenuated oxidative stress and autophagy. Furthermore, it restored epithelial barrier integrity by preserving ZO-1 localization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baicalein demonstrates potential as an alternative therapeutic strategy for reducing CRS recurrence and minimizing prolonged antibiotic use by effectively targeting S. aureus virulence and disrupting bacterial communication. This approach offers a promising solution for managing CRS and reducing reliance on antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The synergistic effect of imipenem combined with ceftazidime-avibactam against Klebsiella pneumoniae with alternating resistance to CZA and carbapenem.","authors":"Yun-Ying Wang, Min Jiang, Shuang-Juan Liu, Wei Wei, Xiao-Hui Zhan, Di Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purposes: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanisms of resistance of clinically isolated K. pneumoniae, which is alternately resistant to carbapenems and ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA), and therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Whole-genome sequencing was used to determine the resistance mechanisms of K. pneumoniae. In vitro antibiotic induction experiments were used to verify the reversibility of bla_KPC mutations in these strains. Checkerboard analysis and growth curve analysis were used to evaluate the efficacy of imipenem (IMP) combined with CZA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The clinical strains exhibited alternating resistance and susceptibility to IMP and CZA during clinical treatment, namely, resistance-susceptibility-resistance to IMP and susceptibility-resistance-susceptibility to CZA. The resistance mechanism involved bla_KPC mutation, which changed from bla_KPC2 to bla_KPC33 and then back to bla_KPC2. In addition, the bla_KPC14 in the CZA-resistant K. pneumoniae strain reverted to bla_KPC2 after treatment with carbapenem, confirming the reversibility of the bla_KPC mutations under the selective pressure of antibiotics. For KPC-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) with the above drug-resistant phenotype, the combination of IMP and CZA had synergistic effects, indicating better bactericidal efficacy than IMP, MER, or CZA alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that CRKP developed CZA resistance due to bla_KPC mutation, and carbapenem susceptibility was restored. After retreatment with carbapenem, the strains showed carbapenem resistance, and they regained susceptibility to CZA. For the first time, we showed that the bla_KPC mutation was reversible. For such clinical isolates, the combination of IMP and CZA could delay or prevent mutations in bla_KPC and have a synergistic effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrence of Streptococcus agalactiae bacteremia - risk factors and complications.","authors":"Jonathan A Garellek, Taylor Wang, Marcia Epstein, Angela Kim, Adam Zimilover, Margaret Gorlin, Stefan Juretschko, Miriam A Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study was undertaken to investigate the incidence and risk factors for Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) bacteremia recurrence in patients following first episode of GBS bacteremia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective observational study evaluating admitted patients from January 1, 2016 to 12/31/2019. Non-pregnant patients ≥18 years old with GBS bacteremia were included. Recurrence was defined as admission due to GBS bacteremia within 1 year after a positive GBS blood culture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen out of 388 patients with GBS bacteremia had recurrence. There was a significant increase in recurrence in patients allergic to β-lactams, in patients with implantable cardiac devices (ICDs), and in patients who did not receive β-lactams or vancomycin as empiric treatment. The estimated odds of recurrence in patients with allergy to β-lactams was 3.1 times the odds of recurrence without allergy after adjusting for ICD status (95 % CI, 1.1-8.9, p < 0.04). The estimated odds for recurrence in patients with ICDs were 5.8 times the odds of patients without ICDs controlling for β-lactam allergy (95 % CI, 1.7-19.9, p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study suggests that GBS bacteremia recurrence is associated with presence of ICDs, β-lactam allergy, and not having received β-lactams or vancomycin as initial treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Questioning the Addition of Fluoroquinolone on Mortality in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A multicenter study in Korea.","authors":"Se Ju Lee, Soyoon Hwang, Ji Hyun Yun, Yong Chan Kim, Min Joo Choi, Jin-Soo Lee, Ki Tae Kwon, Won Suk Choi, Yeseul Na, So Hee Kim, Taehyen Kim, Hyeri Seok, Bongyoung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of fluoroquinolone (FQ) combination therapy as empirical treatment for severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate its clinical impact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted in seven large university-affiliated hospitals in Korea. It included adult inpatients (age ≥19 years) diagnosed with sCAP between March 2020 and February 2023, identified through third-ranked pneumonia codes, who received anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam (APBL) and/or FQ within 24 h of admission. Propensity-score matching compared monotherapy and combination therapy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 588 enrolled patients with sCAP, 177 per group were analyzed post-matching. No significant differences were found in all-cause in-hospital mortality (36.7 % vs. 36.2 %, P = 0.917), in-hospital mortality from pneumonia aggravation (29.9 % vs. 30.5 %, P = 1.000), or 30-day mortality (26.6 % vs. 29.4 %, P = 0.251). FQ combination therapy did not affect 30-day mortality significantly (P = 0.489). None of the variables significantly influenced 30-day mortality, pneumonia recurrence within 28 days, total antibiotic duration, or hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with sCAP, outcomes did not differ significantly between APBL monotherapy and FQ combination therapy. This suggests that even in severe CAP, an individualized treatment strategy based on the causative agent may be more appropriate than indiscriminate combination therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features and genomic characteristics of post-pandemic human metapneumovirus infections in hospitalized Taiwanese children.","authors":"Chun Yi Lee, Tsung Hua Wu, Yu Ping Fang, Jih Chin Chang, Hung Chun Wang, Shou Ju Lin, Yen Ray Huang, Yu Chuan Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objects: </strong>Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a well-recognized respiratory viral pathogen and contributes to significant disease burden among children and high-risk populations. This study describes the epidemiology, clinical features and circulating genotypes of a post-pandemic HMPV outbreak in Taiwan, 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hospitalized children with HMPV infection confirmed by molecular diagnostics at two hospitals between January and June 2023 were enrolled in this study. Some nasal swabs were obtained from enrolled patients and sent for HMPV genotype sequencing. Medical information was retrieved and analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HMPV cases were first identified in February and peaked in May and June. A total of 69 HMPV cases were identified in this study (22.5 %, 69/306). The median age of infected cases was 43 months, and 34 were male (49.3 %). Half of the cases (38, 55.1 %) were diagnosed with bronchopneumonia or pneumonia. Forty patients received bronchodilator therapy (60 %), and 36 were treated with antibiotics (52.2 %). Phylogenetic analysis indicated lineages A2.2.2 and B2 were predominant genotypes for this outbreak. In addition, 73.3 % of HMPV-A strains were confirmed as the A2.2.2 with a 111 nt duplication variant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HMPV lineage A2.2.2 _111nt-dup and B2 were responsible for the 2023 HMPV outbreak in Taiwan. A long-term nationwide HMPV surveillance system is mandatory in Taiwan.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Febrile Young Infants Less than 120 Days Old in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Era: Sterile Pyuria or Urinary Tract Infection?","authors":"Bo-Rong Chen, Chih-Sung Lan, Ming-Luen Tsai, Hsiang-Yu Lin, Hao-Wen Cheng, Hsiao-Han Yang, Hsiao-Yu Chiu, Hung-Chih Lin, Yin-Ting Chen, Shang-Po Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, there was an increasing number of febrile young infants concurrent with COVID-19. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an important source of severe bacterial infections in febrile young infants. Accurate data on the incidence of pyuria and UTI in febrile young infants with or without COVID-19 in the post-pandemic period remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data from febrile young infants less than 120 days old, admitted to the Sick Baby Room of a tertiary referral hospital in Taiwan, between March 1, 2023, and February 29, 2024. These infants underwent COVID-19 testing either in the emergency department or during hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 265 febrile young infants who underwent COVID-19 testing, 124 (46.8 %) tested positive. Infants with COVID-19 had a significantly lower incidence of UTI compared with those testing negative [10/124 (8.1 %) vs 47/141 (33.3 %), p < 0.001]. The incidence of sterile pyuria was relatively high in the COVID-19 positive group compared with those testing negative [45/124 (36.3 %) vs 33/141 (23.4 %), p = 0.022]. Among those with COVID-19, more patients with sterile pyuria were exposed to antibiotics than those without pyuria [12/45 (26.7 %) vs 6/69 (8.6 %), p = 0.010].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In febrile young infants with COVID-19, the incidence of pyuria is high, but the occurrence of definite UTI was low compared with those without COVID-19. Routine empirical antibiotic administration in febrile young infants concurrent with COVID-19 may not be necessary. These findings highlight the importance of cautious antibiotic prescribing practices in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis on allergic sensitisation in children with respiratory allergy.","authors":"Li-Ching Fang, Jen-Yu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection may induce asthma and allergic sensitisation. RSV immunoprophylaxis can reduce the severity of RSV infections. However, the effects of RSV immunoprophylaxis on allergic sensitisation remains unclear. We aimed to explore effects of palivizumab, an anti-RSV monoclonal antibody on subsequent IgE sensitisation in preterm children aged ≤18 years with asthma or allergic rhinitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 854 preterm children who were followed up and diagnosed with asthma or allergic rhinitis before 18 years old from January 1999 to December 2020. Binary logistic regression was used to investigate effects of palivizumab on the development of IgE sensitisation to aeroallergens or food allergens; the model was adjusted for birth weight, gestational age, foetal growth, sex, and delivery method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Palivizumab could decrease risks of aeroallergen sensitisation until 18 years of age, (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.34, 95 % CI 0.17-0.67, p = 0.002) and as well as in those 7 and 12 years of age. Children receiving palivizumab prophylaxis had lower total sIgE levels (p < 0.001) and eosinophil counts (p = 0.038) than those without prophylaxis. Among asthmatic children, those receiving palivizumab had a shorter duration of active asthma (p < 0.001). In allergic rhinitis population, palivizumab prophylaxis required fewer intranasal corticosteroid (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In preterm children with asthma or allergic rhinitis, early palivizumab prophylaxis may protect against future aeroallergen sensitisation before adulthood. Palivizumab prophylaxis could also decrease the duration of active asthma in asthmatic children and intranasal corticosteroid prescriptions in allergic rhinitis population.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic factors in cavitary non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease and proposal of Double-7 imaging pattern: A multicenter cohort study.","authors":"Chang-Ru Lin, Yung-Hsuan Chen, Yu-Hsuan Chen, Meng-Rui Lee, Chia-Jung Liu, Jann-Yuan Wang, Chao-Chi Ho, Jin-Yuan Shih","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to identify prognostic factors for cavitary nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) to enhance clinical management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively recruited patients with computed tomography-confirmed cavitary NTM-PD due to either Mycobacterium avium complex, Mycobacterium kansasii, or Mycobacterium abscessus complex in three medical centers in northern Taiwan during 2017 and 2021. We determined cutoffs for cavity features, including size and wall thickness, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis. The main outcome was overall survival. Secondary outcomes included catastrophic and unfavorable outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 102 patients analyzed, cutoffs were set at 7 cm for cavity size and 7 mm for wall thickness. Thirteen patients (12.7 %) exceeded the size cutoff, and 15 (14.7 %) exceeded the wall thickness threshold. In multivariable analysis, the Double-7 pattern was associated with decreased overall survival (HR: 9.86, 95 % CI: 1.57-61.9, p = 0.0146), worse catastrophic outcome (HR 1.90, 95 % CI: 1.11-3.27, p = 0.0201) and poor unfavorable outcome (HR 1.82, 95 % CI: 1.09-3.04, p = 0.0216).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cavity size >7 cm or a cavity wall thickness >7 mm, referred to \"Double-7 pattern\" as a mnemonic, could be a simple and useful prognostic factor, in patients with cavitary NTM-PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dimethyl Pent-2-Enedioate inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response in macrophages.","authors":"Zhi-Ying Zhou, Zhi-Peng Zhou, Ying-Xing Yue, Yu-Ke Zhong, Zhou-Xin Yang, Guo-Long Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.03.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endogenous metabolite itaconate and its derivative Dimethyl itaconate (DMI) exhibit significant anti-inflammatory effects. Dimethyl Pent-2-Enedioate (DMP), an isomer of DMI, may possess similar properties. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory effects of DMP in LPS-induced macrophages and explores its potential regulatory mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Inflammatory marker levels were assessed at both the mRNA and protein levels using ELISA and qRT-PCR. The activation status of macrophages was evaluated by flow cytometry, quantifying the number of CD40-positive cells. RNA sequencing was conducted to investigate the transcriptomic changes following DMP treatment. Subsequent GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to identify potential mechanisms underlying DMP's effects. Western blot analysis was employed to assess the expression of p-p65, while immunofluorescence analysis was used to examine p65 nuclear translocation, providing insight into the regulatory effects of DMP on the NF-κB signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DMP inhibited the expression of inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1 at both mRNA and protein levels. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a decrease in CD40-positive cells. RNA sequencing identified DEGs enriched in inflammation-related pathways. Western blotting and immunofluorescence confirmed that DMP reduced p-p65 expression and inhibited p65 nuclear translocation, suggesting a potential regulatory effect on the NF-κB signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DMP significantly inhibits LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages, with its underlying mechanisms being complex. Our data demonstrate that DMP exerts its anti-inflammatory effects at least in part through the downregulation of the NF-κB pathway, offering potential applications in the prevention and treatment of inflammation-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of cytomegalovirus infection in solid organ transplant recipients: A population-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Chiao-Yu Yang, Tzu-Hui Ho, Kuang-Hua Huang, Shuo-Yan Gau, Shiang-Wen Huang, Tung-Han Tsai, Yuan-Hsin Chu, Chien-Ying Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Relative to healthy individuals, in severely immunocompromised transplant recipients, the presentation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) is characterized by delayed clearance, more recurrent episodes, and faster changes in their condition over time. This study investigates CMV occurrence in solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients, addressing a gap in epidemiological research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using National Health Insurance Research Database data, a cross-sectional study observed SOT recipients (2003-2019) with propensity score matching. The case group was 11,028 SOT recipients and 44,112 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) as the comparison. Logistic regression, adjusting for sex, age, insured salary, urbanization, and comorbidities, estimated CMV risk in a 3-year follow-up. Sensitivity analysis was performed to compare the risk of CMV at different follow-up periods (6-month, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 3-year follow-up, SOT recipients exhibited a higher CMV risk (aOR: 57.14, 95 % CI: 39.51-82.63) than CKD patients. Risks persisted at 6 months (aOR: 89.53, 95 % CI: 47.24-169.68), 1 year (aOR: 54.11, 95 % CI: 48.94-144.54), and 2 years (aOR: 62.82, 95 % CI: 41.71-94.61). In subgroup analysis, lung transplant recipients had the highest risk (aOR: 177.98, 95 % CI: 79.41-399.75), followed by kidney (aOR: 75.97, 95 % CI: 52.33-110.27) and liver transplant recipients (aOR: 31.44, 95 % CI: 20.78-47.50).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CMV risk persists post-SOT, peaking at 6 months. Lung transplant recipients face the highest risk, trailed by kidney and liver recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}