Journal of Herbal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The use of herbal medicine for cancer therapy in Indonesia: a prospective cohort study","authors":"Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq ,&nbsp;Delima ,&nbsp;Lucie Widowati ,&nbsp;Pramita Andarwati ,&nbsp;Elga Renjana ,&nbsp;Elok Firdiana ,&nbsp;Lola Ayu Istifiani ,&nbsp;Syafrizal Aji Pamungkas","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Herbal medicine is widely used in Indonesia, including for cancer treatment, but data on its effectiveness is limited. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of herbal medicine in cancer patients by evaluating their wellness index (WI), compliance, and herb usage patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were obtained from the <em>Jamu Registry</em> for the period from 2014 to 2018. The improvement in patients' health status was assessed by quantifying the WI score, a modification of the World Health Organization's (WHO’s) quality of life (QoL) measure. Additionally, drug compliance and patterns of commonly used herbs were also evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study involved 130 participants, 82.3% of whom were female, with 33% diagnosed with breast cancer. Preference for herbal medicine alone was associated with older age, lower education, and rural residence. The six most commonly prescribed herbs were <em>Andrographis paniculata</em>, <em>Catharanthus roseus</em>, <em>Curcuma zanthorrhiza</em>, <em>Gynura divaricata</em>, <em>Physalis angulata</em>, and <em>Centella asiatica</em>. Overall, 75.4% of patients improved their WI score, with greater improvement in those using only herbal medicine (81.9%) compared to complementary therapies (48%) (<em>P</em> = 0.001). Drug compliance was good, with 72.3% adhering to their regimen. <em>In silico</em> analysis highlighted anti-cancer properties in these herbs, with α-tocopherol from <em>P. angulata</em> and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from <em>G. divaricata</em> showing potent effects, modulated by ERα and MDM2, both linked to breast cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Herbal medicine is widely regarded as a complementary and alternative treatment option for cancer patients in Indonesia. Our study further demonstrates that the use of herbal medicine contributes to an improvement in the overall well-being of these patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) phytochemicals as curative agents of retinoblastoma using in-silico approach","authors":"Ayesha Yasmin ,&nbsp;Muhammad Naveed Shahid ,&nbsp;Usman Arif ,&nbsp;Adil Jamal","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumour that primarily affects children under the age of five. This cancer arises from retinoblasts, leading to a distinctive symptom known as leukocoria, which is a white reflection visible when light shines on the retina. Retinal cells proliferate uncontrollably as a result of mutations in the allele of the retinoblastoma gene (RB1) which indirectly cause overexpression of CDK4 and CDK6 proteins. Milk thistle has the ability to inhibit cancer cell growth, prevent angiogenesis, halt metastasis, induce apoptosis, and enhance effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, ligands were retrieved to investigate potential of milk thistle in treating retinoblastoma and it’s <em>in silico</em> interaction with CDK4, CDK6, and pRb proteins were assessed through molecular docking techniques. The drug-likeness of all ligands was assessed by Lipinski rule of five. The PyMOL program was used to convert PDB format of the CDK4, CDK6, and pRb receptors into PDBQT format, and to identify active sites on the proteins. The drug-ability, lead likeness, pharmacokinetics, and physicochemical properties of ligands were assessed using SwissADME.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The drug-likeness of all ligands followed Lipinski's rule with no violations of any of the five parameters. The binding affinity of milk thistle ligands to CDK4, CDK6, and pRB proteins was found to be high ranging from −3 to −9.9 kcal/mol, suggesting the potential of milk thistle as a treatment for retinoblastoma. Milk thistle is a useful treatment option for cancer, because of its anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenisis, anti- metastasis and induce apoptosis properties. ADMET analysis provided insights into the oral bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, water solubility, and physicochemical properties of the ligands.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings indicated that phytochemicals derived from milk thistle hold promising potential as a therapeutic option for retinoblastoma due to its diverse mechanisms of action, positive safety profile, and prospective synergistic effects with conventional therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Puping Qinghua in the management of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a prospective, randomised, case-control study","authors":"Chenyang Liu ,&nbsp;Bin Chen ,&nbsp;Youhua Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhai ,&nbsp;Qixiang Song ,&nbsp;Hai Li ,&nbsp;Lei Qiu ,&nbsp;Duan Zhou ,&nbsp;Yingen Wu ,&nbsp;Min Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated considerable clinical efficacy in treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Puping Qinghua prescription (PPQH), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation, was found to be effective against clinical symptoms in patients with Omicron variant virus infection, Nonetheless, its safety and mechanism are unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To provide evidence of validity and adverse events associated with PPQH in treating SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants infection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four hundred and eighty patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were randomised into the PPQH group (n = 240) and the LLQW group (n = 240). Basic information such as age, sex, vaccination status, symptoms, etc were registered. Laboratory tests for 142 patients, including cytokine levels and lymphocyte counts, liver and kidney function.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After intervention, levels of NK cells, IFN-α, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-12p70 were reduced in the PPQH group, whereas the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-17A were reduced in the Lianhua Qingwen (LHQW) group (P &lt; 0.05). PPQH was more effective in shortening duration of fever and reducing degree of cough compared with LHQW (P &lt; 0.05). Liver and kidney functions remained unimpaired before and after intervention in both groups (P &gt; 0.05). In addition, the incidence of adverse reactions such as palpitations, dizziness and sweating was lower in the PPQH group (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The efficacy of PPQH is comparable to LHQW in patients infected with Omicron variant virus. More excitingly, PPQH demonstrates a higher level of security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Hypothyroidism in Females Who Received Chinese Herbal Medicine for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Matched Nested Case-Control Study","authors":"Hou-Hsun Liao ,&nbsp;Hanoch Livneh ,&nbsp;Hui-Ju Huang ,&nbsp;Ming-Chi Lu ,&nbsp;Ning-Shen Lai ,&nbsp;Tzung-Yi Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Thyroid dysfunction is a frequently observed clinical manifestation in females with rheumatoid arthritis (<strong>RA</strong>). Emerging evidence demonstrates that Chinese herbal medicine (<strong>CHM</strong>) can safely manage chronic diseases and treatment-related symptoms, but the association between CHM use and hypothyroidism risk in RA females has yet to be fully described. We put forward this population-level nested case-control study to explore the risk of hypothyroidism among them with and without integrating CHM into routine care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Firstly, 8 685 females aged 20–80 years, diagnosed with RA between 2002 and 2010, were extracted from a nationwide health claims database. Among them, 192 cases developed hypothyroidism after RA by the end of 2013, and all of the enrollees were randomly matched to 960 controls without hypothyroidism at a 1:5 ratio.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After fitting the conditional logistic regression, we found those ever receiving routine care plus CHM indeed exhibited a lower hypothyroidism risk, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.60 (95% confidence intervals: 0.44–0.81). Of particular importance was that initiating CHM within the first 3 years after RA onset and having a prolonged usage for more than 365 days were markedly correlated with a lower hypothyroidism chance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study implicated that timely integrating CHM into conventional care may substantially reduce hypothyroidism risk among RA females. A further well-designed randomised controlled trial to specify the possible mechanism is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Mechanism of Curcumin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Based on Network Pharmacology","authors":"Yujie Dai,&nbsp;Xin He,&nbsp;Yi Zhang,&nbsp;Shaoling Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To explore the potential therapeutic targets, this study explored possible molecular mechanism of curcumin photodynamic therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus (<strong>SLE</strong>) using network pharmacology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The potential targets for SLE upon curcumin and photodynamic treatment were predicted using Venny 2.1 online analysis platform, followed by gene ontology functional annotation and kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes enrichment analyses being performed to screen the possible underlying mechanisms. The core targets were then obtained through construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network maps using Cytoscape software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The network pharmacology analyses showed that 73 common targets for curcumin, photodynamics, and SLE. The gene ontology enrichment analysis and kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis further highlighted the association between identified targets with 200 biological processes, 25 cellular components, 37 molecular functions, and 125 pathways. The core targets including AKT1, ALB, TNF, EGFR, CASP3, HSP90AA1, STAT3, HRAS, SRC, and MMP9 were further predicted through PPI network analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provided a basis for the in-depth exploration of the mechanism of curcumin photodynamic therapy for SLE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical analysis and investigation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of selected Ethiopian traditional medicinal plants","authors":"Juhar Zemede ,&nbsp;Belay Melese ,&nbsp;Tegenu Mekuria ,&nbsp;Gui-Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Guang-Wan Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Research on bioactive compound isolations, descriptions, and biological tests on medicinal plants is still limited. This study primarily explores the secondary bioactive metabolites and the pharmacological potential of four medicinal plants from Ethiopia. The study aimed to screen phytochemical constituents and investigate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The ethanolic extracts of <em>Clerodendrum myricoides</em> (Hochst.) R.Br. ex Vatke, <em>Millettia ferruginea</em> (Hochst.) Hochst. ex Baker, <em>Vepris dainellii</em> (Pic.Serm.) Kokwaro, and <em>Fuerstia africana</em> T.C.E.Fr. r. leaves were subjected to Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS)/MS for phytochemical analysis and assays, including anti-oxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH], ferric reducing-ion reducing power [FRAP]), Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibition for anti-inflammatory, and Folin–Ciocalteu for phenolic contents determination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The total phenolic contents of <em>C. myricoides</em>, <em>M. Ferruginea</em>, <em>V. dainellii</em>, and <em>F. africana</em> were 125.68 ± 0.82 mg, 54.97 ± 0.94, 113.57 ± 0.99 and 66.40 ±1.14 mg GAE/g, while flavonoid contents were 236.25 ± 1.85, 78.12 ± 0.96, 51.148 ± 1.09 and 60.79 ± 0.47 mg RE/g, respectively. <em>C. myricoides</em> and <em>F. africana</em> have higher DPPH scavenging rates with IC₅₀: 1.10 ± 0.12, 2.09 ± 0.14, mg/ml<em>. C. myricoides</em> and <em>F. africana</em> displayed the highest FRAP values with 33.30 ± 0.92 and 23.87 ± 1.42 mM Fe²⁺/g. <em>F. africana</em> exerted highest anti-inflammatory activities with COX-2 inhibition at IC₅₀ of 1.82 ± 0.04 μg/ml. About 61 bioactive metabolites are identified. Alkaloids, phenolic, flavonoids, and terpenoids were the dominant class of identified compounds.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The pharmacological tests have validated the therapeutic uses of traditional medicinal plants. Bioactive metabolites play a crucial role in the potential therapeutic applications of plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Silico Analysis of Flavonoids From Crescentia cujete L. for Possible Antiviral Applications","authors":"Alecsanndra L. Gonzales ,&nbsp;Cheng-Yang Hsieh ,&nbsp;Ureah Thea A. Sevilla ,&nbsp;Po-Wei Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Viruses, including the novel coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, continuously infect humans, causing illnesses of varying severity. Despite this, only a number of medicines were developed to counter some of these viruses and only preventive measures are being taken globally for some. This study explores the antiviral potential of flavonoids from <em>Crescentia cujete</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Molecular docking was performed on seven flavonoid compounds isolated from <em>Crescentia cujete</em>, targeting viral proteins associated with COVID-19 (Omicron and Delta variants), dengue, hepatitis C, Japanese encephalitis, and influenza A. The binding affinities of these compounds were calculated to determine the most effective antiviral interactions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Docking simulations and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity (ADMET) analyses identified naringenin as exhibiting the highest binding affinities against dengue (−10.44 kcal/mol) and COVID-19 (−9.24 and −10.31 kcal/mol) Omicron and Delta variants. Luteolin demonstrated strong activity against Hepatitis C (−10.26 kcal/mol) and Influenza A (−8.4 kcal/mol), while pinocembrin showed optimal binding with Japanese Encephalitis protein (−10.6 kcal/mol). ADMET predictions indicated a low carcinogenic risk for pinocembrin and naringenin, highlighting their potential safety and efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The seven identified flavonoids in <em>Crescentia cujete</em> exhibit promising antiviral properties, with superior docking scores and favourable ADMET profiles compared to certain commercial drugs. These flavonoids showed notable interactions with key viral proteins, with naringenin being the most active against the dengue and two COVID proteins, luteolin against hepatitis C and influenza A proteins, and pinocembrin against the Japanese encephalitis protein, suggesting these compounds as candidates for multitarget antiviral drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Equisetum arvense Cream on Perineal Trauma in Nulliparous Women With Striae Gravidarum: A Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"Fatemeh Khademolkhamseh ,&nbsp;Samira Ebrahimzadeh Zagami ,&nbsp;Hassan Rakhshandeh ,&nbsp;Seyed Reza Mazloum ,&nbsp;Sedigheh Ayati Afin ,&nbsp;Farideh Akhlaghi","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Perineal Trauma (PT) is common during childbirth, and it affects women's health. Women with Striae Gravidarum (SG) are at greater risk for PT due to poor skin elasticity. <em>Equisetum arvense</em> has effective compounds that increase skin elasticity due to its collagen production and strengthening of connective tissue. This study aimed to determine the effect of <em>Equisetum arvense</em> cream (EAC) on the rate of PT in nulliparous women with SG.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present clinical trial study was conducted on 63 nulliparous women with moderate and severe SG who visited the prenatal clinics of Mashhad in 2020-2021. The individuals were assigned to the intervention and placebo groups. The participants smeared the perineum and vagina with a knuckle of 3% <em>EAC</em> or placebo every night, from the beginning of 37-38 weeks until delivery. After delivery, the degree, length, and depth of perineal laceration or episiotomy were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The rate of episiotomy was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the placebo group (27.3% vs. 56.7%, <em>p</em> = 0.018). The rates of intact perineum, mucosal scratch, first and second degree tears were 29.2%, 37.5%, 33.3% and 0.0% in the intervention group, and 15.4%, 30.8%, 23.1% and 30.8% in the placebo group, respectively (<em>p</em> = 0.037). The mean length and depth of episiotomy and rupture were lower in the intervention group than in the placebo group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>EAC</em> was effective in reducing perineal trauma. Therefore, the use of EAC during pregnancy is recommended as an effective and uncomplicated herbal approach to prevent PT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invigorating the antiviral arsenal: family Lamiaceae as a promising treasure-trove of antiviral compounds","authors":"Pratibha Mishra ,&nbsp;Saima Sohrab ,&nbsp;Vijay Tripathi ,&nbsp;Sanjay K. Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Viral infections pose a growing global concern due to their escalating rates of morbidity and fatality. The traditional synthetic antiviral drugs suffer from drawbacks such as high costs, inherent toxicity, and limited efficacy against resistant strains. One promising avenue lies in the investigation of plant-derived antiviral compounds as an alternative.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This review systematically examines the antiviral properties of selected plants in the family Lamiaceae. We conducted searches in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using keywords such as ‘antiviral activity,’ ‘herbal medicine,’ and ‘plant extracts.’ Articles were screened based on predefined inclusion criteria, followed by data extraction focusing on study characteristics, types of viruses studied, and assessment methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The species of plants in the family Lamiaceae contain a variety of naturally occurring substances that have demonstrated remarkable efficacy against viral infections by using different viral life cycle stages as a target. For example, compounds like β-sitosterol, rosmarinic and oleanolic acid primarily act on viral components involved in the early-stage attachment to target cells during viral infections. Moreover, other compounds such as hesperetin, luteolin, kaempferol, quercetin, betulinic acid, gallocatechin gallate, ursolic acid, 1, 8-cineol, eugenol, and caffeic acid, interfere with viral replication, transcription, multiplication, and assembly processes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review analyzes various antiviral compounds, revealing quercetin, hesperidin, and ursolic acid as promising therapeutic interventions. It emphasises their modes of action, clinical trials, and commercial applications, encouraging further exploration and research for future natural antiviral drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Nigella sativa Linn. Extract on E2F1 Expression and Apoptosis in Retinoblastoma Y79 Cells","authors":"Aida ,&nbsp;Hariwati ,&nbsp;Hidayat Sujuti ,&nbsp;Lely Retno Wulandari ,&nbsp;Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aims to investigate whether the <em>Nigella sativa</em> Linn. extract (<strong>NSE</strong>) exhibits anti-retinoblastoma (<strong>RB</strong>) effects on human RB Y79 cells.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Human RB Y79 cells were exposed to various concentrations of NSE: 200, 150, 100, and 50 μg/mL for 72 hours. Apoptosis assays were conducted using the FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit with propidium iodide. E2 promoter binding factor 1 (<strong>E2F1</strong>) expression was determined by incubating cells with an E2F1-specific antibody. The levels of apoptotic cells and E2F1 were quantitatively measured by flow cytometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicate that NSE, starting at 100 μg/mL, displayed antiproliferative properties on RB Y79 cells, characterised by a significant reduction in the number of viable cells. Induction of apoptosis was observed in RB Y79 cells exposed to NSE in a dose-dependent manner. Suppression of E2F1 expression was noted only at higher dosages. Additionally, a moderate correlation between E2F1 and cell viability/apoptosis was documented.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study suggests that <em>Nigella sativa</em> Linn. could serve as an apoptosis-inducing anticancer agent for RB treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}