Rice Science最新文献

{"title":"OsCAX2 Synergistically Enhances Cadmium Toxicity Tolerance in Rice via Dual Regulation of Vacuolar Sequestration and Redox Homeostasis","authors":"Wenli ZOU, Chuanlin SHI, Mingpei ZHANG, Jingguang CHEN, Yuetong CHEN, Haohua HE, Lijun MENG, Guoyou YE","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"33 5","pages":"Pages 584-588"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory Integration of Anatomical, Hormonal, and Genetic Mechanisms Governing Mesocotyl Elongation and Early Seedling Vigor under Deep-Sown Direct-Seeded Rice Conditions","authors":"Ekta KHARCHE,&nbsp;Nitika SANDHU,&nbsp;Om Prakash RAIGAR,&nbsp;Neha KUMARI,&nbsp;Gaurav AUGUSTINE,&nbsp;Gursewak SINGH,&nbsp;Jasneet SINGH,&nbsp;Jaismeen KAUR,&nbsp;Gomsie PRUTHI,&nbsp;Rupinder KAUR,&nbsp;Renu KHANNA,&nbsp;Arvind KUMAR,&nbsp;Anu KALIA,&nbsp;Poonam CHOUDHARY,&nbsp;Sandeep MANN","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Successful establishment of direct-seeded rice (DSR) under deep sowing depends on rapid seedling emergence in darkness, mechanical impedance, and hypoxia conditions under which mesocotyl elongation becomes a decisive adaptive trait. Here, we integrated multi-year phenotyping, anatomy, phytohormone profiling, transcriptional analysis, and bulked segregant analysis sequencing (BSA-seq) in near-isogenic lines to dissect the regulatory basis of mesocotyl elongation and early seedling vigor under deep-sown DSR systems. Deep sowing selectively triggered mesocotyl elongation, enhanced aerenchyma formation, and elevated auxin and ethylene accumulation in tolerant genotypes, while susceptible lines failed to activate these responses. Light exposure strongly suppressed mesocotyl elongation, but this inhibition was attenuated under soil-imposed darkness and mechanical constraint. Genomic analyses converged on rice chromosome 7 as a central regulatory hub, with partially distinct loci governing mesocotyl elongation and integrated emergence. Successful emergence was associated with early repression of growth inhibitors (Myb30 and ICL) and depth-induced activation of a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (LOC_Os12g08025), linking transcriptional regulation with hormonal signaling and anatomical plasticity. Together, these findings define a narrow early developmental window in which coordinated hormonal, anatomical, and genomic programs enable mesocotyl-driven emergence under deep sowing, providing tractable targets for breeding rice cultivars adapted to mechanized DSR systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"33 5","pages":"Pages 654-668"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knockout of OsHIPP19 Reduces Rice Susceptibility to Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne graminicola","authors":"Tushar K. Dutta,&nbsp;Voodikala S. Akhil,&nbsp;Utkarsh Chauhan,&nbsp;Prolay K. Bhowmick,&nbsp;Soham Ray,&nbsp;Viswanathan Chinnusamy,&nbsp;Simon C. Groen","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct-seeded rice (DSR) offers a sustainable alternative for climate-resilient agriculture, but it is severely threatened by the root-knot nematode <em>Meloidogyne graminicola</em>. Knockout of susceptibility (S) genes has emerged as a promising strategy to combat such obligate parasites. Among candidate S genes, heavy metal-associated (HMA) domain containing isoprenylated plant proteins (HIPPs) are central regulators of plant stress responses. Here, we show that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of the nematode-responsive S gene, <em>OsHIPP19</em>, reduces susceptibility to <em>M. graminicola</em> in the DSR cultivar Pusa 2090. Given the variable transformation efficiency among <em>Oryza sativa</em> ssp. <em>indica</em> rice cultivars, we first standardized an immature embryo-derived callus culture method for Pusa 2090. Subsequently, we generated three loss-of-function mutant lines harboring novel alleles. In microplot trials, these lines exhibited a 38.75%‒40.08% reduction in gall counts and a 40.26%‒42.66% reduction in nematode multiplication compared with control plants. Conversely, <em>OsHIPP19</em> overexpression lines conferred hypersusceptibility to <em>M. graminicola</em>, and reintroducing <em>OsHIPP19</em> into a resistant knockout line restored susceptibility. The role of <em>OsHIPP19</em> as an S gene was further confirmed by promoter-GUS reporter assays and expression analysis of defense-related marker genes. Notably, <em>OsHIPP19</em> knockout did not cause yield penalties in Pusa 2090, highlighting the translational potential of this approach for engineering sustainable nematode resistance in crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"33 5","pages":"Pages 669-686"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OsZIP14 Controls Cadmium Accumulation in Rice","authors":"Liang ZHOU,&nbsp;Jingxin WANG,&nbsp;Hanwen TU,&nbsp;Suozhen HUI,&nbsp;Ruijie CAO,&nbsp;Lingwei YANG,&nbsp;Yuanyuan ZHANG,&nbsp;Yu WU,&nbsp;Yujuan CHEN,&nbsp;Xinlong XIE,&nbsp;Zhonghua SHENG,&nbsp;Guiai JIAO,&nbsp;Gaoneng SHAO,&nbsp;Shaoqing TANG,&nbsp;Shikai HU,&nbsp;Peisong HU","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"33 5","pages":"Pages 571-574"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149211034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precipitation and Thermal Regimes Drive Biogeography of Antagonistic Microbial Families Across Punjab Rice Agroecosystems","authors":"Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi,&nbsp;Ateeq Ur Rehman,&nbsp;Ummad Ud Din Umar","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"33 5","pages":"Pages 594-598"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Insecticides for Rice Insect Pest Management","authors":"Xinxin ZHANG,&nbsp;Guoqing CHEN,&nbsp;Guozhong FENG","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial pesticides are being increasingly adopted in modern agriculture as sustainable alternatives to synthetic chemical pesticides, featuring outstanding target specificity and low environmental risk. Their application plays a vital role in rice production, enabling effective suppression of key rice insect pests including stem borers, leaf folders, and planthoppers, while preserving ecological balance. The research, development, and popularization of microbial insecticides facilitate green agricultural development, with numerous commercial formulations successfully launched worldwide. This review summarizes the research progress of microbial insecticides categorized as bacterial, fungal, viral, and metabolite-based agents, focusing on their practical application in rice insect pest control. Furthermore, it discusses prominent technical and practical bottlenecks restricting their large-scale promotion and prospects future development directions consistent with sustainable plant protection strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 438-448"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MDBP: An Integrated Web-Based Platform for Accelerating Mutagenesis-Directed Breeding","authors":"Yan PENG,&nbsp;Bigang MAO,&nbsp;Wenbang TANG,&nbsp;Bingran ZHAO,&nbsp;Ye SHAO","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 411-414"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability of Vitamins and Minerals in Coated and Extruded Fortified Rice Kernels Stored under Real-Life Conditions over Two Years and Implications for Standards","authors":"Werner NADER,&nbsp;Deblina SARKAR,&nbsp;Melas ADOKO,&nbsp;Saskia de PEE,&nbsp;Elise IVARSEN,&nbsp;Vitalii SHKLIAR,&nbsp;Sabine Meng JENSEN,&nbsp;Johannes HEIN","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice fortification is a cost-effective intervention to address and prevent micronutrient deficiencies in contexts where rice is a staple food. The stability of such added micronutrients is of critical importance, especially when rice is stored under harsh storage conditions. Coated and extruded fortified rice kernels (FRKs) containing vitamins A, B1, B3, B6, B9, and B12, zinc, and iron, as well as bulk rice fortified with these kernels, were stored in different packaging materials over periods of 24 and 26 months, respectively. Blending, final packaging, and storage were conducted in Madhya Pradesh, in central India, which experiences a subtropical monsoon climate condition. Large variations in the analytical results were observed for the fortified rice samples, mostly due to non-homogeneous distribution of the FRKs within the bulk rice. Consequently, to reduce analytical variation, results were correlated with the concentration of vitamin B3 as an internal standard. Vitamins B3, B6, B9, and B12, zinc, and iron remained stable in both coated and extruded FRKs throughout storage, while vitamin B1 stability was higher in coated FRKs, with results consistent across packaging materials. The decay of vitamin B1 followed zero-order kinetics in extruded premix kernels stored in metallized paper bags and in rice fortified with these kernels across all packaging types, with half-lives of 20 and 34 months, respectively. Vitamin A decay followed first-order kinetics in both rice fortified with coated and extruded kernels, with half-lives of 6.8 and 15.1 months, respectively. In FRKs, vitamin A decay was best described by mixed-order kinetics, with half-lives of 6.5 months (coated) and 5.5 months (extruded). This study informed major revisions to the World Food Programme fortified rice specifications, including the removal of vitamin A due to its instability during storage, while confirming the stability of B vitamins, zinc, and iron, and highlighting the critical role of blending and analytical control practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 559-570"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Line Hybrid Rice in China: Fifty Years of Sustained Improvement in Yield, Quality, and Stress Resistance","authors":"Junyi GONG,&nbsp;Xiaobo ZHANG,&nbsp;Jianfu ZHANG,&nbsp;Bo ZENG,&nbsp;Xiaoqing ZHANG,&nbsp;Xia XU,&nbsp;Benyi CHENG,&nbsp;Yuxuan HOU,&nbsp;Junhui XIA,&nbsp;Jianli WU,&nbsp;Shihua YANG,&nbsp;Shihua CHENG,&nbsp;Bin HAN,&nbsp;Huaan XIE","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China pioneered the global commercial application of hybrid rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.). Chinese scientists not only proved that heterosis can be realized in self-pollinating crops, a groundbreaking theoretical advance, but also developed commercial hybrid rice breeding into one of China’s most sophisticated agricultural technology models, making outstanding contributions to national food security. This study systematically reviews the 50-year developmental trajectory of officially approved three-line hybrid rice varieties at national and provincial levels in China, through analyzing the approval statistics of individual restorer lines and male sterile lines, the dynamic changes in the popularized planting area of major varieties, and the phenotypic variation in core agronomic traits including grain yield, grain quality, and disease/pest resistance. The paper comprehensively summarizes the remarkable progress, major achievements and practical experience accumulated over half a century of three-line hybrid rice breeding in China, and prospects future research directions for this system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 499-513"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding Rice to Recruit Diazotrophs: Plant Genetic Levers for Rhizosphere Nitrogen Fixation","authors":"Qingnan CHU,&nbsp;Detian LI,&nbsp;Zhihang FENG,&nbsp;Mengcen WANG,&nbsp;Zhimin SHA","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers sustain modern rice yields but cause substantial environmental impacts due to low nitrogen-use efficiency. Flooded paddy soils harbor diverse diazotrophs capable of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), yet BNF is highly variable across soils, management practices, and rice genotypes. In this review, we synthesize recent evidence on how rice can be bred to more consistently recruit and stimulate N₂-fixing microbiomes. We first summarize major diazotroph taxa and niches in paddy ecosystems, highlighting the emerging contribution of iron-reducing bacteria at root iron-plaque interfaces and the principal environmental ‘gates’ on BNF, including flooding regime, bioavailable iron (Fe) phases, pH, carbon (C) quality, and mineral-N inputs. We then integrate findings showing that rice genetic variation shapes diazotroph assembly and activity through four root-controlled levers: (i) root system architecture that positions rhizodeposition along redox gradients, (ii) exudate quantity and chemistry (notably flavonoids and low-molecular-weight organic acids) that fuel and signal to diazotrophs, (iii) aerenchyma-mediated radial O₂ loss that creates oxic-anoxic microsites, and (iv) iron plaque formation that couples Fe-C-N cycling and provides a scaffold for N₂-fixing communities. Finally, we translate these mechanisms into a breeding roadmap, proposing a BNF-supportive ideotype, candidate loci/genes from genome-wide association study (GWAS)/QTL and wild introgressions, and a validation-to-deployment pipeline combining gene editing, near-isogenic resources, marker-assisted/genomic selection, and multi-environment field testing under low-N management. We also discuss phenotyping bottlenecks, deployment constraints, and priorities for pairing BNF-supportive alleles with compatible microbiomes and agronomy practices to reduce fertilizer demand while maintaining yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 465-484"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}