Rice SciencePub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.003
Yong Jin Choi, Sun-Hwa Ha
{"title":"Metabolic Engineering in Rice for Functional Metabolite Production","authors":"Yong Jin Choi, Sun-Hwa Ha","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the nutritional and functional value of rice, numerous biotechnological approaches have focused on metabolic engineering to address nutritional deficiencies and produce health-beneficial compounds that are either absent or naturally present in low amounts. A prominent example is ‘Golden Rice’, which has been genetically modified to accumulate β-carotene to combat vitamin A deficiency in regions with limited dietary intake. Scientists have been continuously biofortifying rice with various specialized metabolites, including terpenoids, flavonoids, non-flavonoid polyphenols, betalains, vitamins, and amino acids. This review explores the specific pathways and genetic modifications utilized by researchers to enhance the accumulation of targeted metabolites in rice. It comprehensively summarizes key strategies and research trends in rice metabolic engineering, demonstrating how rice can be transformed into a strategic crop for producing industrially valuable compounds beyond its traditional role as a staple food by leveraging its advantages as a versatile host system through its grains, leaves, and cells. Furthermore, we highlight the potential of intergrating metabolic engineering with synthetic biology and big data-driven computational modeling, particularly through artificial intelligence and machine learning, as promising future research directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 4","pages":"Pages 475-498"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genome-Wide Association Study and Haplotype Analysis Jointly Identify New Candidate Genes for Alkaline Tolerance at Seedling Stage in Rice","authors":"Ratan Kumar Ganapati , Kai Chen , Xiuqin Zhao , Tianqing Zheng , Fan Zhang , Laiyuan Zhai , Jianlong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkaline soil is characterized by high soluble salt content, elevated pH levels, and ionic imbalance, all of which collectively intensify the harmful effects of alkaline stress on plants. To gain molecular insights into alkaline tolerance (AT), we evaluated 13 AT-related traits in 508 diverse rice accessions from the 3K Rice Germplasm Project at the seedling stage. A total of 2 929 764, 2 059 114, and 1 365 868 single nucleotide polymorphisms were used to identify alkaline-tolerance QTLs via genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the entire population as well as in the <em>xian</em> and <em>geng</em> subpopulations, respectively. Candidate genes and their superior haplotypes were further identified through gene-based association, haplotype analysis, and gene function annotation. In total, 99 QTLs were identified for AT by GWAS, and three genes (<em>LOC_Os03g49050</em> for <em>qSSD3.1</em>, <em>LOC_Os05g48760</em> for <em>qSKC5</em>, and <em>LOC_Os12g01922</em> for <em>qSNC12</em>) were selected as the most promising candidate genes. Furthermore, we successfully mined superior alleles of key candidate genes from natural variants associated with AT-related traits. This study identified crucial candidate genes and their favorable alleles for AT traits, laying a foundation for further gene cloning and the development of AT rice varieties via marker-assisted selection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 4","pages":"Pages 537-548"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice SciencePub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.005
Yuxuan Hou , Jie Zhu , Chenglong Lu , Libo Fan , Mengqi Liang , Xiaobo Zhang , Benyi Cheng , Xia Xu , Junyi Gong
{"title":"A Recombinase-Aided Amplification-Lateral Flow Dipstick Detection Technique for Early On-Site Diagnosis of Bacterial Blight Caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Rice","authors":"Yuxuan Hou , Jie Zhu , Chenglong Lu , Libo Fan , Mengqi Liang , Xiaobo Zhang , Benyi Cheng , Xia Xu , Junyi Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial blight (BB) is a devastating worldwide rice disease caused by <em>Xanthomonas oryzae</em> pv. <em>oryzae</em> (<em>Xoo</em>), which is difficult to diagnose based on early symptoms. Conventional chemical control yields limited effectiveness once BB has spread. Consequently, it is imperative to develop a rapid, highly sensitive, specific, and easy-to-use detection technique for early on-site diagnosis of BB. We first developed a recombinase-aided amplification-lateral flow dipstick (RAA-LFD) technique for the on-site detection of <em>Xoo</em>. The optimized reaction temperature and time were 37 ºC and 20 min, indicating that the reaction system can be initiated by body temperature independently of any precision instruments. Evaluation of the RAA-LFD technique using the primers (RAAF2/R2) and probe (RAA2-nfo-probe) derived from the XooORF0080 locus exhibited high specificity and eliminated cross-reactivity with other bacterial species. The sensitivity of RAA-LFD is up to 1 pg/μL for <em>Xoo</em> genomic DNA and 100 CFU/mL for <em>Xoo</em> cells. Significantly, this technique accurately detected <em>Xoo</em> from both artificially inoculated and naturally infected rice leaves at the early stage of infection, directly deploying plant tissue fluid as the template without DNA extraction. These attributes make the developed RAA-LFD system a viable technique for the early diagnosis of BB in the field, providing technical support for early-warning systems and disease control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 4","pages":"Pages 575-584"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Hierarchical Porous Carbon Synthesis from Rice Husk","authors":"Dinuka Nuwan Tharaka , Nadeeka D. Tissera , Gayan Priyadarshana , Damayanthi Dahanayake","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) materials exhibit superior performance profiles in various applications due to their well-developed multiscale interconnected pore structures. The synthesis of HPC from natural biomass precursors instead of fossil fuel-based precursors has gained considerable attention in recent decades. Rice husk, a globally abundant agricultural waste, offers a sustainable and cost-effective precursor for HPC production. The structural components and inherent silica content of rice husk act as a natural self-template for forming hierarchical pore structures with superior characteristics. In this review, recent studies on preparing rice husk-based HPC are summarized, and synthesis techniques are evaluated. In addition, recent advancements in activation methods and the effect of silica templates are reviewed while comparing these with traditional activated carbon production methods. Potential future directions for research and development activities are also discussed. Rice husk is a highly promising candidate for producing high-performance HPC materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 4","pages":"Pages 499-511"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice SciencePub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.015
Yi Liang , Zhaofeng Yi , Wen Zhuang , Teng Peng , Gui Xiao , Yunkai Jin , Qiyuan Tang , Jiaojun Xiong , Qiyun Deng , Bo Zhou , Xionglun Liu , Jun Wu
{"title":"Optimizing Hybrid with Improved Resistance to Rice Blast and Superior Ratooning Ability","authors":"Yi Liang , Zhaofeng Yi , Wen Zhuang , Teng Peng , Gui Xiao , Yunkai Jin , Qiyuan Tang , Jiaojun Xiong , Qiyun Deng , Bo Zhou , Xionglun Liu , Jun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 292-297"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice SciencePub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.007
Su Chen , Feilong Ma , Jiaoyang Chen , Man Qi , Qianshu Wei , Zhihuan Tao , Bo Sun
{"title":"Function of R2R3-Type Myeloblastosis Transcription Factors in Plants","authors":"Su Chen , Feilong Ma , Jiaoyang Chen , Man Qi , Qianshu Wei , Zhihuan Tao , Bo Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factors, particularly those in the R2R3 MYB subclass, are pivotal in plant growth, development, and environmental stress responses. As one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, the MYB family significantly regulates plant secondary metabolism, including the biosynthetic pathways for phenylpropanoids, which are crucial for stress resistance. This review presents a comprehensive overview of MYB transcription factor classification and their regulatory mechanisms in plant metabolism and stress responses. We discuss the roles of MYB transcription factors in biotic stress resistance, such as defense against pathogens and pests, and in abiotic stress tolerance, including responses to drought and salinity. Special attention is given to the interactions of R2R3 MYB with other transcription factors and co-repressors, focusing on how these synergistic or antagonistic relationships modulate physiological processes. The multifunctional role of R2R3 MYBs in stress responses positions them as promising targets for enhancing crop resilience through genetic breeding. Furthermore, this review highlights potential applications of MYB transcription factors in developing stress-resistant crops and their utility in plant resistant breeding programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 307-321"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice SciencePub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.002
Chaemyeong Lim , Sae Hyun Lee , Haeun Lee , So-Yon Park , Kiyoon Kang , Hyeryung Yoon , Tae-Jin Yang , Gary Stacey , Nam-Chon Paek , Sung-Hwan Cho
{"title":"Global Transcriptome Analysis of Rice Seedlings in Response to Extracellular ATP","authors":"Chaemyeong Lim , Sae Hyun Lee , Haeun Lee , So-Yon Park , Kiyoon Kang , Hyeryung Yoon , Tae-Jin Yang , Gary Stacey , Nam-Chon Paek , Sung-Hwan Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herbivorous insects and pathogens cause severe damage to rice tissues, affecting yield and grain quality. Damaged cells trigger downstream defense responses through various signals. Extracellular ATP (eATP), a signaling molecule released during mechanical cell damage, is considered a constitutive damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), which is crucial for initiating plant defense responses. Thus, understanding how rice plants cope with DAMPs such as eATP is essential. Here, we found that exogenous ATP affected rice growth and development, cell wall composition, chloroplast development, and cell death. Subsequent global transcriptome analysis revealed that several pathways were involved in the eATP response, including genes related to cell surface receptors, cell wall organization, chlorophyll biosynthesis, heat and temperature stimulation, epigenetic regulation, and reactive oxygen species metabolism. Cell surface receptors, including members of the lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRKs), were found to participate in the eATP response. We further investigated ATP-induced genes in T-DNA activation mutants of <em>OsLecRKs</em>, demonstrating their involvement in eATP signaling in rice. This study confirms a DAMP-mediated transcriptional response in plants and provides novel candidates for advancing resistant rice breeding against insect herbivores and pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 380-399"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice SciencePub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.001
Zeng Deyong , Cui Jie , Yin Yishu , Dai Cuihong , Yu Wencheng , Zhao Haitian , Guan Shuanghong , Cheng Dayou , Sun Yeqing , Lu Weihong
{"title":"Generational Genetic Mechanism of Space Mutagenesis in Rice Based on Multi-Omics","authors":"Zeng Deyong , Cui Jie , Yin Yishu , Dai Cuihong , Yu Wencheng , Zhao Haitian , Guan Shuanghong , Cheng Dayou , Sun Yeqing , Lu Weihong","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intergenerational inheritance of stress memory plays a crucial role in plant adaptation to environmental changes, particularly in the context of spaceflight, where plants may serve as a food source for humans on long-duration missions. However, the intergenerational genetic effects of spaceflight-induced stress memory in plants remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the cross-generational genetic effects of spaceflight stress memory using the rice mutant B10, identified during the SJ-10 return satellite mission. Our results showed that the oxidative stress effects induced by spaceflight persisted until the M5 generation in rice. We found that the rice genome remained unstable post-spaceflight, leading to alterations in genome methylation levels. Additionally, we observed significant changes in the methylation levels of transposons, suggesting their involvement in the intergenerational inheritance of spaceflight-induced stress memory. Furthermore, we identified thousands of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially alternatively spliced (DAS) genes induced by spaceflight stress memory across multiple rice generations. Notably, differentially methylated cytosines were more abundant in non-expressed genes than in DEGs or DAS genes. A substantial number of DEGs and DASs related to oxidative stress were identified, primarily involved in the generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. This study also presented report on the response of alternative splicing events in rice to spaceflight stress. Moreover, our findings revealed that genome methylation was associated with gene expression but not with DAS. In conclusion, our study provides comprehensive insights into the intergenerational inheritance of spaceflight-induced stress in rice and may contribute to uncovering novel mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced genomic instability and epigenetic regulation in plant stress inheritance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 400-425"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}