Geoderma Regional最新文献

{"title":"Application of mid-infrared spectroscopy for soil analysis in calcareous Argania spinosa forests in Morocco","authors":"Lars Engelmann,&nbsp;Reinhard Bierl,&nbsp;Mario Kirchhoff,&nbsp;Johannes B. Ries","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy is a promising tool to meet the growing global demand for soil data, as it allows a rapid and inexpensive collection of infrared spectra. Despite an increasing number of soil property predictions based on such datasets, the data availability in arid regions is still sparse. This is particularly problematic as the presence of inorganic carbonates poses additional challenges to model development in arid regions while limiting the applicability of models developed in more humid climates. In this study, the potential application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for soil analysis in degraded <em>Argania spinosa</em> populations is assessed. The underlying objective was twofold. First of all, the models generated may help to monitor soil conditions in an endangered UNESCO biosphere reserve. Secondly, knowledge gaps in arid, calcareous regions of Northern Africa are addressed by creating a sample collection of considerable size. Spectra of 397 soil samples were recorded in addition to conventional laboratory measurements of pH, percolation stability (PS), nitrogen (N), total organic carbon (TOC), and inorganic carbon (iC). Partial least squares (PLS) regression was then used to predict these soil properties based on the MIR records. The models were calibrated, independently validated, and evaluated based on the coefficient of determination (R²), the root mean square error (RMSE), the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD), and the ratio of performance to interquantile range (RPIQ). Promising model validation results were obtained for N (R²: 0.86, RPD: 2.71, RPIQ: 2.45, RMSE: 0.03), TOC (R²: 0.89, RPD: 3.06, RPIQ: 1.72, RMSE: 0.44), and iC (R²: 0.96, RPD: 5.32, RPIQ: 2.01, RMSE: 0.15), but not for the pH (R²: 0.37, RPD: 1.27, RPIQ: 1.51, RMSE: 0.17) or PS (R²: 0.30, RPD: 1.20, RPIQ: 1.31, RMSE: 80.54). Especially the results of the N prediction show that reliable MIR models can be trained in arid environments despite noticeable effects of ubiquitous iC. In contrast, the pH and PS models highlight clear limitations of the technique for surrogate calibrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity and sustainability of soil quality indicators of Epicalcic Chernozem under soil erosion control technologies","authors":"Gergana Kuncheva ,&nbsp;Milena Kercheva ,&nbsp;Galina Petkova ,&nbsp;Jonita Perfanova ,&nbsp;Tsvetina Paparkova ,&nbsp;Viktor Kolchakov ,&nbsp;Galin Ginchev ,&nbsp;Lev Tribis ,&nbsp;Katerina Doneva ,&nbsp;Milena Mitova","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depending on climate and crop management, soil characteristics respond differently to continuous erosion control tillage. This study aims to evaluate the sensitivity and sustainability of soil quality indicators under agrotechnologies of different erosion control effectiveness on moderately eroded Epicalcic Chernozem on sloped arable land. A three-year (2021−2023) field experiment was conducted under winter wheat and maize rotations (W-M-W and M-W-M) and application of conventional tillage along the slope (CT_S), conventional contour tillage (CT_C) and crop specific minimum tillage, with an inclusion of a cover crop (barley) after wheat and use it as green manure before maize (MT). The surface water runoff and soil losses were registered after each erosive precipitation. The soil microbial, chemical and physical properties were measured twice in а growing season at two depths. The relative decrease in soil losses under maize and wheat was better expressed under MT (58 % and 63 %) than under CTс (51 % and 42 %). The cover crop and minimum tillage under maize maintained higher SOC content, but only till next crop in the rotation. A higher positive effect on Cmic and the studied enzymes was reported mainly under MT as follows: Cmic, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, urase and protease under both crops; β glucosidase under maize. The enzymes activity was higher in autumn. The effect of MT on packing density, relative field capacity and S index was better pronounced in rotation W-M<img>W. The rotation M-W-M had better effect on water stability of soil aggregates (WSA) and plant available water capacity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00976"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessement of soil erosion susceptibility in Maga, Sudano-Sahelian zone (Far North Cameroon): contribution of RUSLE model coupled with a GIS","authors":"Denis Tiki ,&nbsp;Lionelle Bitom-Mamdem ,&nbsp;Achille Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Aboubakar Amina ,&nbsp;Sabine Danala ,&nbsp;Patrick Mounouneck ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Yaboki ,&nbsp;Abdou Razak ,&nbsp;Olivier Leumbe Leumbe ,&nbsp;Françis Ngome","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water erosion is a major environmental, agronomic and economic challenge that has a major impact on food security in Africa. It is a real problem that impacts the socio-economic development of rural world, through huge losses of land in a very fragile ecosystem whose soils are poor and poorly protected, exposed to anthropo-ecological effects, amplified by climate variability and imbalance. The aim of this study is to assess degree of susceptibility to water erosion in Maga (Far North Cameroon) and to Model out the priority vulnerable areas in order to make recommendations and possibly take action. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) is the most appropriate methodological approach for assessement susceptibility to erosion, with the contribution of pedological, topographical, climatic and land-use data. Multi-criteria cross-referencing establishes the erosion susceptibility map, according to the level of risk, including very high risk (6 %), high risk (18 %), moderate risk (15 %), low risk (19 %) and very low risk (36 %). The morphology of the large basin (1400 m) with high average rainfall in the Mandara Mountains (900 mm/year) immediately influences the dynamics of the low to zero slope “<em>Yaeres</em>” with a run-off process that modifies the surface properties of the soils (sandy and sandy-clay), with a frequent water deficit, due to their low organic matter content (≤2 %) are very sensitive to erosion. Soil particles are scattered and very compact, due to the absence of plant cover and poor farming practices. In addition, overgrazing, population growth, tree felling, uncontrolled bushfires and dilapidated water infrastructure all contribute to erosion and the emergence of gullies, loss of biodiversity, reduced fertility and lower agricultural yields. Erosion thus affects the sustainability of soil and water resources, in particular the longevity of dam reservoirs and the recharging of aquifers in a very fragile ecosystem, giving way to land degradation and the advance of desertification, which have become increasingly urgent over time and on a spatial scale. Their impact is felt on the economy, the environment and the well-being of populations, particularly rural populations who depend on these resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00982"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil carbon storage in rangeland ecosystems: The role of land management, climate change, and soil chemical transformations","authors":"Solmaz Bidast,&nbsp;Ahmad Golchin","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Comprehension of the complex relationship between climate variations and soil characteristics is crucial for effectively managing soil organic carbon stocks (SOCs). This study involved a comprehensive analysis of soil properties, including sequential extraction of pedogenic oxides and carbon fractionation, across three distinct land management types: grazing land, undisturbed rangeland, and cultivated rangeland (cropland). Using the RothC model, projections were made to assess changes in SOC over a 63-year period under three different climate scenarios: baseline climate, warm-dry, and cool-wet scenarios. The findings revealed a strong linear correlation between observed and modeled SOC values for each management practice. Without climate change, the model predicted a 4.21 % decrease in SOC for cropland and a 2.37 % decrease for grazing land, while undisturbed rangeland showed a 3.04 % increase. Under the warm-dry scenario, all sites experienced a decline in SOC, whereas under the cool-wet scenario, SOC increased uniformly across all sites. In contradistinction to cropland and grazing land, undisturbed rangeland exhibited unique characteristics due to its long-term exposure to weathering. These included a significant increase in the chemical index of alteration, higher levels of occluding carbon within the microaggregates fraction, and varied amounts of dithionite and oxalate-extractable aluminum and iron. These factors enhanced the physical protection of SOC from microbial decomposition. This was supported by positive correlations between SOC and these factors, as well as the humified organic matter pool. In summary, understanding the relationship between management practices, climatic conditions, and the mechanisms that govern SOC conservation is pivotal for judicious decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00984"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substantial amounts of soil organic carbon and macronutrients are stored in deep soil layers under bamboo plantations","authors":"Jintu Kumar Bania ,&nbsp;Arun Jyoti Nath ,&nbsp;Gudeta W. Sileshi ,&nbsp;Venkatesh Paramesh ,&nbsp;Subrata Nandy ,&nbsp;Ashesh Kumar Das","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboo is well known for its fast growth, high productivity, and multipurpose uses in different industries. Although bamboo stands are claimed to stock considerable amount of carbon in their biomass and the soil, our knowledge of soil organic carbon (SOC) and macronutrient storage below 100 cm soil depth is limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate (1) variations in SOC and macronutrient concentration and stocks up to 500 cm soil depth under different aged bamboo plantations and open forests; (2) the vertical distribution of SOC and macronutrients; and (3) the stratification of SOC along soil depths and stand ages of bamboo. SOC and macronutrient contents decreased with soil depth consistently following distance-decay spatial interaction models. The highest SOC stock was recorded in 30 years old bamboo plantation (243.3 Mg ha⁻¹), while the lowest was in 5 years old bamboo plantations (186.47 Mg ha⁻¹) in the 0–500 cm soil depth. The SOC and macronutrient concentrations in the 0–100 cm were higher in all the bamboo stands than in the open forest. The total carbon stocks increased with increasing bamboo stand age. The stratification ratio of SOC and SOC: clay under different aged bamboo plantations indicated a moderate soil quality and good soil structure. It is concluded that bamboo plantations can serve as effective carbon sinks, contributing to substantial accumulation of SOC and macronutrients in subsurface soil layers. This makes bamboo plantations on degraded land a sustainable strategy for climate change mitigation, soil conservation, and land restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e01004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humus forms, earthworm bioturbation and soil organic carbon storage in Chernozems of the low-intensity land use of steppe zone of Ukraine","authors":"Volodymyr Yakovenko ,&nbsp;Vadym Gorban ,&nbsp;Oleksandr Kotovych ,&nbsp;Oleh Didur ,&nbsp;Julia Poleva","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chernozems of the low-intensity land use systems of the steppe zone of Ukraine are an important factor of sustainable development, contributing to the conservation of natural resources and maintaining a balance between agricultural productivity and environmental protection. The aim of the study was to assess the humus state of Chernozems of the low-intensity land use systems of the steppe zone of Ukraine under the influence of different types of vegetation (Wildland, Shelterbelts and Native forest). The humus state was determined by such characteristics as humus forms, intensity of earthworm bioturbation, content and reserves of soil organic carbon (SOC), SOC/clay ratio. Humus forms were classified according to Keys of classification of humus systems and forms. The content of earthworm casts was calculated in thin sections as a percentage of the total number of aggregates of the 2–0.25 mm fraction of the surface layer. Soil organic carbon was determined by the titration method, with subsequent calculation of its reserves in the soil layer. The SOC/clay Ratio was used to determine the soil structure qualities class and the level of soil layer saturation with humus. The comparison of quantitative characteristics of soils under the influence of different types of vegetation was carried out by statistical methods (descriptive statistics, ANOVA/MANOVA, multiple comparison of means according to the Tukey criterion). It was found that humipedons of Wildland Chernozems belong to the Mesomull humus form, humipedons under Shelterbelts and Native forest belong to Oligomull. Earthworm casts content in Native forest Chernozem is 3.5 and 2.9 times higher than in Chernozems under wildland steppe vegetation and artificial forest, respectively. SOC/clay Ratio for Native forest statistically significantly (p ˂ 0.05) exceeds the indicators for Wildland and Shelterbelts. The dependence of the distribution of SOC reserves in the thickness of the studied soils on the type of vegetation was established, according to which the SOC reserve for Native forest statistically significantly (p ˂ 0.05) exceeds this indicator for Wildland and Shelterbelts by 1.42 and 1.40 times, respectively. Thus, the type of vegetation significantly affects the quantity, quality of humus and the overall humus state of Chernozems of the steppe zone of Ukraine under low-intensity land use. The results of the study will be useful for diagnosing organic matter transformations, accounting for carbon reserves in soils of steppe landscapes of Ukraine, and monitoring the humus state of Chernozems that are actively used in agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00988"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controls on soil respiration in alpine tundra","authors":"Sarah A. Schliemann ,&nbsp;Nels Grevstad ,&nbsp;David A. Parr","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpine tundra ecosystems, like their arctic counterparts, have historically been the sites of considerable soil organic carbon (SOC) storage due to climatic factors that suppressed microbial activity. While climatic factors are important, heterotopic soil respiration (and SOC storage) may be influenced by a range of soil characteristics. In this study, we measured soil respiration, soil temperature, soil moisture, soil nutrient concentrations, soil pH, and soil texture in 4 alpine tundra sites located in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA from June 2015 – September 2021. We also used geospatial modeling to visualize predicted climate changes in this system over the 21st century. Finally, we measured SOC concentrations over the seven-year study. We found that soil respiration was significantly correlated with soil temperature, soil moisture, and soil texture. All other parameters were not significantly correlated with soil respiration. We also found that SOC concentrations did not change significantly over the course of the seven-year study. The predictive models show that by the end of the century, over the majority of the park, the mean maximum air temperature will increase, the amount of snowfall will decrease, soil moisture will decrease, and the number of snow-free days will increase. These results suggest that SOC is not currently being lost from this system at a high rate. In addition, it appears that with a changing climate, soil respiration may increase with warming, but the overall increase may be limited by decreased soil moisture and in some cases, high soil temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00987"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil organic carbon stocks in the forested regions of Mongolia and its mitigation potential","authors":"Byambaa Ganbat ,&nbsp;Batkhishig Ochirbat ,&nbsp;Jón Guðmundsson ,&nbsp;Telmen Turmunkh ,&nbsp;Zoljargal Khavtgai ,&nbsp;Ganzorig Ulgiichimeg ,&nbsp;Nyamdavaa Batsaikhan","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soils represent the largest terrestrial carbon pool globally, with a significant proportion of this carbon stored in forest soils. Mongolia's forest area represents 0.45 % of the world's total forest cover. Research on the variability of SOC stocks within forest soil groups remains limited. This study aimed to address the SOC stock variations and retention capasities among groups of soils including Umbrisols (Gelic), Leptic Umbrisols, Mollic Umbrisols, Gleyic Umbrisols, and Podzols (Arenic). A total of 1558 soil samples from 316 soil profiles were collected in the Mongolian forest. The SOC stock was calculated from key parameters on SOC content, bulk density, and gravel content for each horizon. Then, the calculated SOC stock was standardized to the following depths: 0–30 cm, 30–60 cm, 60–100 cm, and 0–100 cm depth layers using a weighted average method. Mean SOC stock in 0–100 cm across all groups of forest soil was 88.5 Mg C ha⁻¹. SOC stocks ranged between 59 and 141.0 Mg C ha⁻¹ and varied significantly across soil groups (ANOVA: F = 22.9, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Gleyic Umbrisols, predominantly found on the northern foot slopes of mountain, exhibited the highest SOC stock. In contrast, Podzols (Arenic) in sandy forest areas had the lowest SOC stock. Leptic Umbrisols, the most widespread forest soil in Mongolia, had an average SOC stock of 78.6 Mg C ha⁻¹. Across all soil groups, over 57.7–78.1 % of the SOC stocks was found in the first 30 cm emphasizing the critical role of this layer in carbon sequestration. The total SOC stock in Mongolian forest soils is estimated at approximately 1.24 petagrams (Pg). Furthermore, forest soils have the potential to sequester up to an additional 0.68 Pg of SOC. These results offer the first national scale SOC baseline for Mongolia's forests. The results on mitigation potentials highlight the importance of soil group specific management for carbon sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00991"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the morphological, physicochemical, and mineralogical properties of black soils and ferralsols and identification of potential risk of degradations along a climotoposequence in Foumbot, West Cameroon","authors":"Georges Martial Ndzana ,&nbsp;Jeroen Meersmans ,&nbsp;Li Huang ,&nbsp;Tabi Fritz Oben ,&nbsp;Etienne Mboua ,&nbsp;Azinwi Primus ,&nbsp;C.T. Kaamil Fonfatawouo ,&nbsp;Danielle Mamba ,&nbsp;Etienne Bekoa ,&nbsp;Bertrand Mungu Akam ,&nbsp;Joseph Kabala Mubolo ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Foumbot in Cameroon is renowned for its fertile soils, which serves as a food basket for the region. However, these soils are currently under threat due to climate change and overutilization. As such, there is a need to better understand their properties, variability and identify the degradation risks to improve their management and conservation. To address this gap, soil profiles formed under volcanic deposits were sampled at three distinct altitudes: 1156 m (highland), 1075 m (middle land), and 974 m (lowland), representing tropical highland, transitioning tropical highland, and tropical forest climates, respectively. Physical and chemical analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) techniques, were conducted to determine the variability of soil morphology, physical and chemical properties, and mineralogy as well as soil classification under climotoposequence. The findings reveal that pedon 1 in the highland was dark in colors (2.5Y and 10YR), slightly acidic to neutral and exhibited the highest organic carbon content (6.8 %) in the surface horizon. In contrast, the middle land, showed a slightly acidic profile (pedon 2) characterized by a darker surface horizon (10YR) with a yellowish subsoil (7.5YR) and lower organic content (4.1 %) in surface horizon compared to pedon 1. Finally, the lowland profile (pedon 3), displayed more acidic conditions and the lowest soil organic carbon content (2.5 %) in surface horizon compared to pedon 1 and pedon 2. A trend of decreasing Alo + ½Feo and Alp/Alo alongside increasing clay content was observed with decreasing altitude. Mineralogical analysis revealed a transition from short-range ordered minerals (allophane and ferrihydrite) in highland soils to poor crystalline kaolinite dominance in the middle land and well crystalline kaolinite in lowland. Additionally, bulk density increased with decreasing altitude. According to the WRB classification, Pedon 1 was classified as Mollic Vytric Silandic <strong>Andosol</strong> (Loamic, Eutrosilic, Humic), Pedon 2 as Dystric Xanthic Andic <strong>Ferralsol</strong> (Clayic, Humic), and Pedon 3 as Umbric Rhodic <strong>Ferralsol (</strong>Clayic, Humic). Andosol was identified as black soil and presents greater potential for agricultural productivity compared to the two other pedons. Since andosols are situated at the top of the hill, possess structural weaknesses (granular structure), and are subjected to intensive cultivation, they pose a higher potential risk of degradation when farming is practiced compared to the other two pedons. This study highlights the significant influence of pedogenetic factors on the soil properties and mineral composition and reveals the urgent need of adopting new soils sustainable management strategies to protect black soils in the Foumbot region of Cameroon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00989"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative soil mapping in Sudan−a systematic review","authors":"Magboul M.S. Siddig ,&nbsp;Daniela Sauer ,&nbsp;Eric C. Brevik","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantitative soil mapping (QSM), including both digital soil mapping (DSM) based on the <em>scorpan</em> concept and approaches that rely on geostatistical approaches (GeoSA), is important to provide information to make informed decisions for sustainable soil management and land use planning, especially in developing countries. This work provides a systematic review of QSM literature focused on Sudan between 2000 and 2024. In the literature search, we identified 27 QSM articles for Sudan, with the largest number of articles published in 2023. The majority of the QSM (16 articles) utilized a GeoSA for prediction and mapping, while the rest (11 articles) applied the DSM-based scorpan concept. Ordinary kriging was the most used GeoSA, while machine learning algorithms coupled with environmental covariates (ECOVs: i.e., remote sensing data and terrain attributes) only appeared in recent years. Most studies targeted the 0–60 cm soil depth interval, and soil pH and salinity/sodicity were the soil properties most commonly mapped across the country. Only 30 % of studies provided uncertainty estimation along with model assessment. QSM studies in Sudan are still at their early stages in terms of predictive models applied, ECOVs utilized, and utilization of DSM information. Several challenges and research gaps were identified in the current literature that should be investigated in future studies. We recommend the establishment of an international team including Sudanese scientists and interested scientists from other countries to collaborate in research projects that would improve QSM in Sudan, specifically reliance on DSM. Meanwhile, the present collaboration between the Agricultural Research Corporation, Sudan, and the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization could be upgraded to include more advanced technologies to support a national DSM program that would transform the conventional objective of QSM (i.e., map production) into operational goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00990"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}