Geoderma Regional最新文献

{"title":"Microbial communities of urban and industrial polluted soils in the Russian Arctic","authors":"Maria Korneykova ,&nbsp;Viacheslav Vasenev ,&nbsp;Ekaterina Kozlova ,&nbsp;Anastasia Soshina ,&nbsp;Dmitry Nikitin ,&nbsp;Andrey Dolgikh ,&nbsp;Natalia Saltan","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Russian Arctic presents a unique environment for studying the effects of anthropogenic pressure on soil microbial communities under severe climatic conditions. This study investigated the impact of chemical pollution on soil microbial properties by comparing urban and industrially polluted soils in Murmansk region with natural Podzols. Urban soils exhibited significant alterations, including shifts in pH and increased carbon and nutrient contents compared to natural soils. Industrially polluted soils near the copper‑nickel smelter were characterized by elevated heavy metal concentration, while those near the aluminum smelter showed high fluorine and aluminum content. In both cases, carbon content and pH remained similar to natural soils. Industrial emissions significantly changed the soil microbiome, with effects varying depending on the pollution source and chemical composition of the emissions. Soils near the copper‑nickel smelter showed a decline in bacterial gene copies and actinomycete mycelium length, with a predominance of Chloroflexii and Ascomycota. Conversely, soils near the aluminum smelter exhibited less pronounced changes, with Proteobacteria and Basidiomycota being prevalent. Despite these differences, both industrially impacted sites displayed reduced microbial diversity, regardless of the composition of the emissions. In contrast, urban soils demonstrated increased microbial diversity, likely attributed to the emergence of new, favorable ecological niches. Microbial communities in both cities were similar, dominated by Proteobacteria and Ascomycota, and displayed an increase in bacterial gene copies compared to natural soils. These findings highlight the contrasting influences of urban and industrial development on soil microbial communities. While industrial activities suppress microbial life, urbanization fosters the creation of new niches, promoting microbial diversity. This underscores the potential of urban soils to support diverse microbial communities, which is crucial for sustainable development and ecological strategies in Arctic cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00890"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher temperature accelerates carbon cycling in a temperate montane forest without decreasing soil carbon stocks","authors":"Idri Hastuty Siregar ,&nbsp;Marta Camps-Arbestain ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Miko U.F. Kirschbaum ,&nbsp;Gabor Kereszturi ,&nbsp;Alan Palmer","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global warming is expected to accelerate the cycling of soil organic carbon (SOC) and the assimilation of new carbon, but the net effect of those counteracting accelerations and their ultimate effects on SOC are still uncertain. This hinders the prediction of long-term changes in biospheric carbon stocks and SOC-climate feedbacks. Here, we studied the long-term effect of temperature on carbon cycling across a 3.2 °C altitudinal temperature gradient in a temperate forest ecosystem in New Zealand. Across the gradient, soil respiration rates increased with increasing temperature from 9.0 to 10.4 tC ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, but SOC stocks down to 85 cm depth also tended to increase, from 154 to 176 tC ha⁻¹, albeit non-significantly (<em>P</em> = 0.06). This system was able to maintain higher soil respiration rates at higher temperatures without reducing SOC because the higher respiration rates were sustained by higher litterfall rates. Aboveground litterfall increased from 1.8 to 2.4 tC ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ and estimated belowground C inputs increased from 7.2 to 8.0 tC ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ along the temperature gradient. These higher fluxes were associated with significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) increased biomass at higher temperatures. As a direct measure of the effect of temperature on carbon cycling processes, we also calculated the turnover rate of forest litter which increased about 1.4-fold across the temperature gradient. This study demonstrates that higher temperatures along the thermal gradient increased plant carbon inputs through enhanced gross primary production, which counteracted SOC losses through temperature-enhanced soil respiration. These results suggest that temperature sensitivities of both plant carbon inputs and SOC losses must be considered for predicting SOC-climate feedbacks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-amendment of silicate dust and manure improves soil health metrics and crop yield in coarser-textured more than medium-textured soils","authors":"Segun O. Oladele ,&nbsp;Gustavo Curaqueo ,&nbsp;Moses A. Awodun","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicate rock dust and manure admixtures are increasingly considered to improve crop growth and soil health. Soil application of silicate rock dust can capture and store atmospheric CO₂ as inorganic carbon but could also have the potential to stabilize manure-derived organic matter when combined. However, synergies between rock dust and manure have been rarely investigated, while identifying the optimal combination rate remains elusive. Here, we set up a field trial in two contrasting kaolinitic soil (coarse-textured sandy loam and medium-textured silt loam) amended with a modest realistic rate of broiler manure (10 Mg ha⁻¹) [100 %], finely ground silicate rock dust (granite) (10 Mg ha⁻¹) [100 %], and a combination of manure (7 Mg ha⁻¹) + rock dust (3 Mg ha⁻¹) [70:30 %], manure (5 Mg ha⁻¹) + rock dust (5 Mg ha⁻¹) [50:50 %] and an un-amended control to investigate their effects on a leafy vegetable plant (<em>Amaranthus cruentus</em>) and metrics of soil health, and an incubation experiment to monitor soil heterotrophic CO₂ emission. Despite a reduction in manure input, the manure-rock dust mixture outperformed sole manure by increasing vegetable fresh herbage yield (by 19 %) and enhancing all soil health metrics, as revealed by the decrease in soil acidity, increased soil EC and soil total C, enhanced N availability and retention, increased bioavailable P, decreased soil dissolved organic C losses, increased soil microbial activity, and improved soil physical properties (viz., soil aggregate, bulk density, porosity, and water infiltration). Soil texture modulates the effects of manure-rock dust, as demonstrated by the better response from coarse-textured sandy loam than medium-textured silt loam soil. Manure-rock dust admixture [50:50] ratio decreased soil CO₂ emissions by 26 % and 54 %, respectively, in sandy loam and silt loam soil texture compared to sole manure. The synergistic performance of manure-rock dust admixture at 70:30 and 50:50 ratios was similar; however, to reduce nutrient limitation in the soil towards a more nutrient-equilibrated system while enhancing soil functioning and mitigating CO₂ emissions, we adjudged the manure-rock dust [70:30] ratio to be optimal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00887"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The delineation of management zones using soil quality indices for the cultivation of irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Huila, Colombia","authors":"John J. Arévalo-Hernández ,&nbsp;Eduardo Medeiros de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Gabriel Araújo e Silva Ferraz ,&nbsp;Diana C. Polanía-Montiel ,&nbsp;Anggy L. Liscano Solano ,&nbsp;Marx Leandro Naves Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional intensive farming systems can result in degraded soil. It is therefore important to monitor this effect periodically by delineating management zones (MZ) based on soil quality indices (SQI) in order to maintain and improve the soil characteristics in a precision farming environment and obtain homogeneous rice yields. The aim of this study was to determine and spatialise SQI and delineate MZ for cultivating flooded rice in an area of Fluvisols in Huila, Colombia. Forty-one georeferenced soil samples were collected from the 0 to 20 cm layer, and the physical, chemical and biological attributes of the soil were analysed to calculate the Integrated Quality Index (IQI) and the Nemoro Quality Index (NQI) using linear scoring functions. Geostatistical tools were then used to fit semivariogram models of the SQI, and interpolated using ordinary kriging to map the MZ using the QGIS software. The IQI and NQI showed a moderate spatial correlation, which allowed three distinct MZ to be identified and delineated. Attributes, such as bulk density (Bd), total porosity (TP), soil respiration (SR), available water (AW) and soil organic matter (SOM) were significant and can be used as a guide by farmers for restoring the quality of the soil in rice production. The method proved to be effective, and provided an information base to be used in the local management of areas of rice cultivation in the study region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface soil sampling underestimates soil carbon and nitrogen storage of long-term cover cropping","authors":"Yajun Peng,&nbsp;Laura L. Van Eerd","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cover cropping is a promising management practice for soil health and climate change mitigation by improving soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stocks. However, limited studies focused on deeper soil layers (&gt;30 cm depth) where soil C is more stable than that in surface soil (≤30 cm depth). Here, deep soil sampling was conducted in a 15-year cover cropping experiment, in a horticulture-grain system on sandy loam soil. The SOC and TN stocks were expressed on an equivalent soil mass basis using a cubic spline model. Overall, long-term cover cropping had significantly greater SOC and TN stocks by 22 % (95 %CI: 5–43 %) and 26 % (95 %CI: 6–49 %), respectively in the 0–120 cm depth, compared to no cover cropping. Additionally, the mean SOC and TN sequestration rate (0–30 cm depth) was 0.53 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ and 0.06 Mg N ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, respectively. However, if only 0–15 cm depth was evaluated, long-term cover cropping did not significantly affect SOC and TN stocks. These results indicated that shallow sampling (&lt;15 cm depth) may not provide comprehensive information on the effect of long-term cover cropping on soil C and N storage. To better understand the mechanism of bulk soil C and N storage, we investigated their distribution between particulate and mineral-associated organic matter pools (POM and MAOM). We found POM pool was the main store of bulk SOC and TN stocks in surface soils while it was the MAOM pool in deeper soil layers, without soil texture change with soil depth. These findings indicated that soil C and N sources for bulk SOC and TN accrual differed in surface and deeper soils. Our study demonstrated that long-term cover cropping can facilitate SOC accumulation in the soil below 15 cm deep, which calls into question carbon capture protocols that focus on shallow soil depths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00885"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrification inhibitor effect on manganese and phosphorus shoot concentrations in maize under different textured soils from northern Germany","authors":"Mathew Edung Etabo,&nbsp;Pablo Lacerda Ribeiro,&nbsp;Britta Pitann,&nbsp;Karl Hermann Mühling","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High soil pH can result in Mn²⁺ and P deficiency, leading to crop yield losses. Therefore, supplying soil with NH₄⁺-N fertilizer in stabilized or unstabilized form can increase soil Mn²⁺ availability and shoot concentration. Nitrification inhibitors (NIs) have been proposed to lower rhizosphere soil pH, thus improving plant P uptake and preventing P deficiency in soils with high pH. Thus, this study investigated whether NI-stabilized or unstabilized NH₄⁺-N could increase Mn²⁺ availability in three differently-textured soils (sand, loamy sand, and silt loam) and promote Mn²⁺ and P shoot concentration in maize. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of applying NH₄⁺-N fertilizer with or without the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) combined with different nitrogen (N) sources (calcium nitrate (CN), ammonium nitrate (AN), and ammonium sulphate (AS)). The measured variables were bulk and rhizosphere soil pH and Mn²⁺ availability, maize biomass, as well as Mn²⁺ and P shoot concentrations. The results indicated that DMPP-stabilized AS significantly decreased rhizosphere pH by 7.2 % in loamy sand soil texture compared with unstabilized AS. Similarly, only in the loamy sand texture, DMPP-stabilized AS increased Mn²⁺ availability and shoot concentration by 86 % and 47 %, respectively, relative to unstabilized AS. Furthermore, DMPP-treated AS and AN promoted P shoot concentration by 30 % and 21 % in the loamy sand and silt loam soil textures, respectively, relative to the corresponding N sources without DMPP. Conversely, DMPP did not impact the investigated variables in the sand texture for all N sources. Moreover, AN and AS increased biomass yield, Mn²⁺ availability, and shoot concentration by 72 %, 30 %, and 46 %, respectively, in relation to the CN fertilizer in the sand soil texture. In conclusion, this study confirmed the effectiveness of DMPP-induced rhizosphere acidification in enhancing Mn²⁺ and P shoot concentration in loamy sand soil textures, as well as P shoot concentration in fine-textured soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00882"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating soil physicochemical factors influencing trace element contamination at the semi-urban-rural home gardening interfaces on the Fiji Islands","authors":"Vimlesh Chand ,&nbsp;Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam ,&nbsp;Md Yousuf Mia ,&nbsp;Md Saiful Islam ,&nbsp;Md Abdullah Al Masud ,&nbsp;Rahat Khan ,&nbsp;Subodh Chandra Pal ,&nbsp;Sudhir Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Rozleen Roslyn Deo","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to its ecological and public health implications, home gardening soil pollution is challenging. However, the physicochemical factors of trace element pollution in semi-urban-rural home gardening soil interfaces in Fiji are unclear. Self-organizing map (SOM), chemometrics, compositional data analysis (CDA), and soil quality indices were used to evaluate spatial patterns, contamination characteristics, sources, and factors affecting trace element contamination in 55 soil samples from semi-urban and rural Fiji. The average contents of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable forms of trace element levels (mg/kg) increased in rural areas as Fe (55.7) &gt; Mn (40.4) &gt; Zn (9.4) &gt; Cu (5.9) and semi-urban areas as Fe (55.2) &gt; Zn (35.9) &gt; Mn (37.1) &gt; Cu (16.1). Rural soils have less ecological risks to home gardening than semi-urban soils. SOM and CDA analysis showed four spatial clusters: clusters 1 and 3 are natural geogenic in rural regions while clusters 2 and 4 are human-induced non-point sources in semi-urban areas. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis showed that semi-urban Cu-Zn was more affected by manufacturing emissions or fertilization, whereas rural Fe-Mn was more likely to be lithogenic. The research found that pH and organic matter significantly affect Cu and Zn pollution in semi-urban soils (<em>p</em> <em>&lt;</em> <em>0.05</em>). For rural and semi-urban soils, trace element subsets explained 44 %–87 % of soil contamination changes using the stepwise regression model. These findings aid to establishing a primary database of eco-environmental risks and facilitate comprehensive strategies for assessing soil contamination and potential threats to food safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00884"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bedrock lithology and tree species type influence soil nitrogen dynamics in a temperate forest","authors":"Mohammad Tahsin Karimi Nezhad ,&nbsp;Adnan Mustafa ,&nbsp;Jaroslav Kukla ,&nbsp;Jan Frouz","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite significant progress in studying soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) cycling in temperate forest soils, understanding of how bedrock lithology and tree species type influence these parameters remains tentative. To address this, we collected soil samples from three depth intervals and plant materials from two distinct tree species, beech, and lime, from sites within the Hyrcanian Forests (Iran) underlain by carbonate and intermediate volcanic bedrock. C and N elemental concentrations and their stable isotope compositions (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) were determined for bulk soil and four SOM fractions, including free particulate organic matter (FPOM), macroaggregates, microaggregates, silt + clay-sized fractions, as well as leaf litter and fine roots.</div><div>Results indicated that lithology and tree species had no significant relationship with SOC content and δ¹³C of various soil fractions. Along with their δ¹⁵N values, TN contents of bulk soil, FPOM, macro- and microaggregates covaried with tree species and lithology. Total N content in bulk soils underneath lime trees exceeded that found beneath beech trees (0.43 % vs. 0.36 %). In terms of N turnover, volcanic soils showed significantly higher mean ¹⁵N enrichment relative to that observed for carbonate soils. The C and N fluxes observed for different tree species and lithologies revealed a ¹³C and ¹⁵N enrichment trend in the following order: macroaggregates&lt; microaggregates&lt; silt and clay-sized particles. Our results showed that underlying lithology influences C and N dynamics in forest soils, and the analysis of the natural abundance of ¹³C and ¹⁵N provides detailed information on C and N cycling and stabilization pathways in soil aggregates. Our findings demonstrate the importance of lithology as a factor in nutrient cycle estimates for terrestrial ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00880"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover crop mixtures enhance belowground carbon input and suppression of spontaneous flora under Danish conditions","authors":"Juliana Trindade Martins ,&nbsp;Nadja Fuglkjær Bloch ,&nbsp;Kirsten Lønne Enggrob ,&nbsp;Zhi Liang ,&nbsp;Laura Sofie Harbo ,&nbsp;Jim Rasmussen ,&nbsp;Leanne Peixoto","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cover crop (CC) mixtures offer a unique set of advantages that can enhance soil health and agricultural productivity when compared to pure stand CC. However, a quantitative understanding of the varying contributions of different carbon (C) input pathways in CC mixtures is lacking. To address these gaps, a field experiment with multiple-pulse labelling with ¹³CO₂ was used to quantify C-derived from CC mixtures via plant biomass, as well as via phyllo- and rhizodeposition. We assessed the impact of preceding main crops (barley, barley-pea, pea, and faba bean) on soil C input to 75 cm depth by two CC treatments (pure stand ryegrass versus a mixture of chicory, plantain, and ryegrass) and their effect on spontaneous flora (SF) biomass and diversity. In topsoil layers (0–25 cm), net C lost to soil via phyllo- and rhizodeposition was higher with mixed CC (30 g C m⁻²) than pure stand ryegrass (25 g C m⁻²). Between 25 and 75 cm, mixed CC and pure stand CC had similar C inputs via rhizodeposition despite larger root biomass in mixed CC. Cover crops reduced SF biomass and diversity, with mixed CC exerting the strongest suppressive effect, reducing biomass (individuals counted) by 57 % compared to the control. The improved efficiency of mixed CC was attributed to species complementarity in leaf and root patterns, resource utilization, and nutrient uptake. In conclusion, well-designed mixed CC had a greater positive impact on soil C inputs and suppression of SF compared to CC pure stand with ryegrass, resulting from complementary above and belowground traits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00879"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal variation-dependent biochar impacts on coastal acid-sulfate soil in paddy fields and the consequences on rice growth and yield","authors":"Hao Phu Dong ,&nbsp;Binh Thanh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Anh Hoang Le ,&nbsp;Gai Dai Dinh","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Utilizing eco-friendly and cost-effective amendments, like biochar produced from agricultural biomass wastes offers numerous benefits for ameliorating acid-sulfate soils in coastal regions. This study investigates seasonal variation and rice husk and longan biochar's impacts on soil properties, quality, and rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) growth and yield in acid-sulfate paddy fields during dry and rainy seasons. Five treatments (T) were tested: T1 (no biochar), T2 and T3 (10-tone and 20-tone rice-husk biochar ha⁻¹), and T4 and T5 (10-tone and 20-tone longan biochar ha⁻¹). Results showed that biochar improved soil properties with pH increasing by 3.2 % to 9.2 % and exchangeable Al decreasing by 7.7 % to 18.1 %, compared to T1, dependent on treatments and seasons. Soil quality index in biochar treatments increased by 30 %, 54 %, 26 %, and 16 % for T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively, compared to T1 in the dry season. This season exhibited the highest grain weight (1.06 kg m⁻²) and total biomass (2.31 kg m⁻²) in T3, followed by T5, T2, T4, and T1. The rainy season benefits were less pronounced, likely due to leaching, suggesting more frequent applications may be necessary in high-rainfall regions. Liming effects and leaching in the rainy season were identified as primary mechanisms influencing soil quality and rice yield. Rice-husk biochar was more effective than longan biochar in mitigating soil constraints and enhancing rice yield. In short, biochar effectively ameliorates acid-sulfate soil constraints, improving rice yield and growth. However, rapidly diminishing effects during the rainy season necessitate further investigation for optimal application in high-rainfall regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00878"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}