Geoderma Regional最新文献

{"title":"Early-stage soil organic carbon stabilization in conservation agriculture-based cereal systems","authors":"Dibakar Roy ,&nbsp;Ritesh Kundu ,&nbsp;Samrat Ghosh ,&nbsp;Ashim Datta ,&nbsp;Biswapati Mandal ,&nbsp;Sheetal Sharma ,&nbsp;J.K. Ladha","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In South Asia, the sustainability of conventional tillage and input-intensive cereal-based cropping systems (such as rice-rice and rice-wheat) is under scrutiny due to soil organic carbon depletion, stagnant productivity, and adverse environmental impacts stemming from greenhouse gas emissions (N₂O, CH₄, and CO₂). Against this backdrop, a long-term field experiment was initiated in 2009 at three sites in India (Karnal, Patna, and Aduthurai) and one site in Bangladesh (Gazipur) to assess four scenarios (S) reflecting current and future diversified crop rotations and conservation agriculture (CA) practices: S1 - double cereal rotation with conventional practices; S2 - double cereal plus legume rotation with partial CA; S3 - double cereal plus legume rotation with full CA; and S4 - futuristic diversified cereal-legume rotations with full CA. This study delved into the dynamics and stabilization of soil organic carbon across all scenarios and sites. Replicated soil samples were collected from depths of 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm after two crop cycles. We analyzed Walkley-Black carbon (WBC), total organic carbon (TOC), and various carbon pools with different oxidizability, determining the amount of carbon stabilized under CA-based scenarios and identifying optimal systems for carbon economy in South Asia. On average, active and passive carbon pools, TOC, and WBC stocks followed the order: S4 &gt; S3 &gt; S2 &gt; S1 at all sites, except Gazipur, where the order was S3 &gt; S4 &gt; S2 &gt; S1. CA practices stabilized applied carbon inputs to soil organic carbon at an annual rate of 1.7 %, with greater stabilization observed under S4 (11.7 %) &gt; S3 (10.6 %) &gt; S2 (7.8 %), regardless of location. Rice-rice sites exhibited a higher carbon stabilization rate (13.4 %) compared to rice-wheat sites (6.7 %). A significant proportion of stabilized carbon (63 %) was allocated to passive pools in soils under S2, S3, and S4, highlighting CA's potential to enhance carbon stability. Using a linear indexing technique, we identified that both S3 and S4 are conducive to better carbon stabilization, yield sustainability, and environmental co-benefits. Consequently, full CA systems with best management practices (S3) and best management practices with crop diversification (S4) are recommended for sustainable crop production in the major double cereal growing regions of South Asia, including India and Bangladesh.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00870"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil water repellency and its importance for the climate-smart sustainable management of fen peatland soils in Central Poland","authors":"Bartłomiej Glina ,&nbsp;Fagbemi Mayowa Yetunde ,&nbsp;Łukasz Mendyk ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Piernik","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper aims to assess potential soil water repellency (SWR) in the surface layers of long-term agricultural fen soils. Furthermore, we attempt to enhance our understanding of the links between selected soil properties (e.g., secondary transformation, total organic carbon (TOC) content) and SWR in differently used (grasslands and arable lands) fen soils in the temperate climate zone. The study was conducted in the Grójec Valley, Central Poland. The soil samples for laboratory analyses were collected in June 2022 from 64 sampling points – 56 grassland and 8 arable sites. We found that secondary soil transformation (mursh forming process) was significantly positively correlated with SWR – determined by MED (molarity of ethanol droplet) and WDPT (water drop penetration time) methods (<em>r</em> = 0.42 and <em>r</em> = 0.40, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) only in the organic samples (i.e., mursh). The significant positive correlation between SWR and TOC content (<em>r</em> = 0.73 (MED) and <em>r</em> = 0.74 (WDPT), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) indicates that, as well as organic matter depletion, there was a decrease in the water repellency of the studied soils. Our results indicate that study fen sites should be rewetted, and that the implementation of the paludiculture must take place in the near future. At a minimum, further arable cultivation of organic soils should be avoided, as they are the most vulnerable to secondary transformation and exhibit high SWR values. Furthermore, in the case of crop production on post-organic soils, it is recommended that the conservation tillage method is applied to prevent further depletion of soil organic matter content.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00867"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil carbon dynamics in perennial biomass crops on marginally productive cropland in southern Canada","authors":"Augustine K. Osei ,&nbsp;Naresh V. Thevathasan ,&nbsp;Maren Oelbermann","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Predicting changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) in perennial biomass crops using process-based models provides a greater understanding of land management impacts on climate mitigation through long-term soil carbon sequestration. The objective of this study was to predict long-term SOC dynamics in different perennial biomass crops [miscanthus (<em>Miscanthus giganteus</em> L.), switchgrass (<em>Panicum virgatum</em> L.), willow (<em>Salix miyabeana</em> L.)] as compared to secondary regrowth vegetation (successional site) and a row crop system. The Century model accurately predicted SOC when simulated values were compared to measured field data. Average SOC stocks over the 162-year simulation period to 20 cm, were highest in miscanthus (8521 g C m⁻²), followed by the successional site (6877 g C m⁻²), switchgrass (6480 g C m⁻²), willow (5448 g C m⁻²) and lowest in the row crop system (3995 g C m⁻²). Higher SOC stocks in the miscanthus than the successional site indicates that, despite frequent biomass harvest, perennial biomass crops can accumulate higher carbon in soil than when a marginally productive cropland is left to undergo secondary regrowth. However, this depends on the crop species, since the miscanthus was the only biomass crop that reached pre-cultivation (1911) SOC stock of 8288 g C m⁻². Moreover, the perennial biomass crops enhanced SOC in the slow fraction, whereas row crops depleted SOC in this fraction. This indicates the vital contribution of perennial biomass crops in long-term SOC sequestration and their role in climate change mitigation, especially when grown on marginally productive croplands.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424001135/pdfft?md5=b73da0b492405eb8c3c75ae349dd2699&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424001135-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in soil biological activity and soil organic matter status only in the topsoil of Ferralsols under five land uses (Allada, Benin)","authors":"Issiakou Alladé Houssoukpèvi ,&nbsp;Tiphaine Chevallier ,&nbsp;Hervé Nonwègnon Sayimi Aholoukpè ,&nbsp;Murielle Nancy Rakotondrazafy ,&nbsp;Demayi Jorès Mauryo Fassinou ,&nbsp;Guillaume Lucien Amadji ,&nbsp;Lydie Chapuis-Lardy","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Land use change on the Ferralsols of the Allada Plateau in southern Benin has led to a slight decline in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks over the last two decades. However, as in many African landscapes, detailed characterisation and quantified data on the SOC stocks and soil biological activity under major land uses are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to characterise the biological activity and organic matter status of Ferralsols (0–30 cm) under the five major land uses on the Allada Plateau, i.e., forests, tree plantations, young and adult palm groves, and croplands (pineapple, maize). Soil biological activity was assessed using the standardised litter decomposition method (Tea bag index) and soil respiration (during a 28-day soil incubation). Soil organic matter status was characterised by quantifying SOC pools: soil microbial biomass carbon (MB-C), potassium permanganate oxidisable carbon (POX-C), and SOC associated to soil particle-size fractions (e.g. particulate organic matter, POM, and SOC associated to the clay soil fraction). The results indicated that SOC pools and biological activity were lower in tree plantations than in forests. The standardised litter decomposition was also slower in tree plantations than in forest. In croplands and palm groves, SOC pools and soil microbial biomass and respiration were lower than in forests and tree plantations. This high level of biological activity in forests, and at a lesser level in tree plantations, was effective in accumulating carbon in C pools associated to the clay fraction. Agricultural land uses, such as croplands and palm groves decreased all the soil C pools even those associated to the clay fraction, except for POX-C. However, these land-use effects on SOC pools decreased strongly with depth. At 10–30 cm, the differences in SOC pools or soil respiration between the five land uses were no more noticeable. Our results indicated that the amount of organic inputs was an essential factor to sustain high soil biological activity and SOC stabilisation in the clay size fraction, but only in the topsoil. Maintaining forests in the landscape is a priority in order to preserve SOC stocks and soil biological activity, which neither monospecific tree plantations nor cultivation can do at the same level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00865"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424001123/pdfft?md5=3fb208491eb29c06e674cc3dc1f170ba&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424001123-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing monthly dynamics of agricultural soil erosion risk in Poland","authors":"Paweł Marcinkowski,&nbsp;Sylwia Szporak-Wasilewska","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil erosion in agricultural landscapes poses a significant threat to soil health and productivity. This study investigates the dynamics of soil erosion across agricultural lands in Poland at monthly scale using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. The study utilizes the Global Rainfall Erosivity Dataset (GLOREDA), which provides the most up-to-date and highest resolution rainfall erosivity (R) values, derived from 10-min resolution rainfall records. Additionally, satellite imagery spanning 2003 to 2023 was leveraged to estimate the cover-management (C) factor, capturing the spatial and temporal dynamics of vegetation cover and agricultural practices. Results reveal significant spatio-temporal variations in soil erosion rates, with peak erosion occurring during the summer months following crop harvesting, despite not aligning precisely with peak rainfall erosivity. The lowest erosion rates are observed during the winter seasons, attributed to minimal rainfall erosivity. The findings highlight the critical role of agricultural practices, particularly the timing of crop harvesting and temporary exposure of bare soil, in driving soil erosion dynamics in Poland's agricultural landscapes. Specifically, the average annual soil loss for agricultural areas in Poland was determined to be 0.27 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, with peak monthly soil erosion rates reaching up to 0.08 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ in August. Total monthly soil loss from agricultural lands in Poland was estimated to be approximately 4.87 Mt. annually, with 68 % of the total annual soil loss occurring during the summer months. This study contributes valuable insights into understanding and managing soil erosion risks in agricultural systems, aiding in the development of targeted soil conservation strategies and sustainable land management practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424001111/pdfft?md5=985f6e9c9cccded1abb9146ea89262f8&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424001111-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpreting the spatial distribution of soil properties with a physically-based distributed hydrological model","authors":"Zamir Libohova ,&nbsp;Marcelo Mancini ,&nbsp;H. Edwin Winzeler ,&nbsp;Quentin D. Read ,&nbsp;Ning Sun ,&nbsp;Dylan Beaudette ,&nbsp;Candiss Williams ,&nbsp;Joshua Blackstock ,&nbsp;Sérgio H.G. Silva ,&nbsp;Nilton Curi ,&nbsp;Kabindra Adhikari ,&nbsp;Amanda Ashworth ,&nbsp;Joshua O. Minai ,&nbsp;Phillip R. Owens","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Digital soil maps are commonly data-driven as the development of physically-based models for soil mapping is difficult due to the complexity of soils. However, physically-based hydrologic models have been successful in simulating water dynamics. Since water movement is a major driver of pedogenesis, the physical rules that govern water movement might help explain and predict the spatial variation of soil properties. Here, we demonstrate the novel use of a physically-based, distributed hydrologic model to inform the spatial distribution of soil properties. The Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) was utilized to simulate soil moisture content (SM) and water table depth (WTD) in two hillslope catchments under pasture and forest management wherein hydrologic model outputs were then compared with soil properties measured in situ. SM sensors and wells were installed in both catchments to validate simulations of soil water movement via Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (E). In-situ observations were made at 87 sites within both catchments to study the connection between simulated water movement (SM and WTD) and observed soil properties, namely the depth and thickness of the argillic (Bt), fragic (Btx), and C horizons, and the depth of redoximorphic features. The simulated time series of SM and WTD were also clustered per season using Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), which identified similarity among time series at varying timescales. Model validation suggested that simulations of surficial SM (0–20 cm) were reasonable (E = 0.45), however, simulated subsurface SM (45–60 cm) and WTD were not sufficiently accurate. The thickness of Btx horizons were spatially grouped into different populations by SM clusters from every season except spring. For the other properties, only SM dynamics of specific seasons grouped into significantly different populations, suggesting that the explanatory power of simulated water movement varies seasonally and was greater during winter. Here, we show clusters of simulated SM separated soil properties into statistically different populations, showing that hydrologic models could inform areas that followed different water dynamics related to pedogenic trajectories and related biogeochemical processes not necessarily simulated by the model. As such, physically-based modeling of water dynamics can, therefore, inform and advance digital soil mapping by linking water movement patterns stemming from hydrologic model outputs to spatial patterns of soil properties and pedogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235200942400110X/pdfft?md5=a52bddfb01b32c56a61c253cb96594ab&pid=1-s2.0-S235200942400110X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perennial species diversity, ecosystem carbon stocks and carbon income in coffee-based agroforestry systems along an elevation gradient in South-eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Tariku Olana Jawo ,&nbsp;Mesele Negash ,&nbsp;Nikola Teutscherová ,&nbsp;Bohdan Lojka","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the current context of deforestation, coffee-based agroforestry system (CAFS) is credited for climate change (CC) mitigation and biodiversity conservation while supporting local livelihoods. Despite integrating shade tree species in CAFS, empirical studies to support this assertion are inadequate in Eastern Africa, and hence, its ecosystem services provisions are less understood. We evaluated perennial species diversity, carbon (C) stocks in the biomass and soil organic C (SOC) along an elevation gradient of 72 plots of shade coffee, while 36 plots were selected for without-shade coffee systems within three elevations, namely, low (1600–1750 masl), mid (1750–1850 masl) and high (1850–2000 masl) elevations in Southeastern Ethiopia. The perennial species diversity and biomass, SOC, fine root and litter C stocks were evaluated. Perennial species Shannon diversity significantly differed among the studied elevations (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Shaded coffee had significantly higher ecosystem C stocks than without shaded coffee systems (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The highest C stocks were found in the soil in both coffee systems. However, we found a weak relationship between the Shannon diversity and biomass C. The C income in shaded coffee was 70 % higher than without shaded coffee systems. The present study showed that shaded coffee accumulates more C and provides additional benefits from C credits. Hence, CAFS deliver ecosystem services that enhance biodiversity conservation and CC mitigation while generating an additional C income for farmers. However, we learned that the impact of perennial plant diversity on C stock and C income is context and site-specific.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00861"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater table prediction and seasonal variation influenced by short rotation willow plantation on marginal riparian lands of the Prairie potholes in Canada","authors":"Shayeb Shahariar ,&nbsp;Raju Soolanayakanahally ,&nbsp;Angela Bedard-Haughn","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shallow groundwater consumption via phreatophytic transpiration and resulting vegetation-linked groundwater table (GWT) fluctuation is a typical soil hydrological process in wetland riparian areas. However, upland and riparian land use alterations may further influence the shallow GWT fluctuation, temporally and spatially. In this multi-year field study, we investigated whether introducing short rotation willow (SRW) positively or negatively affects the shallow GWT, soil water availability, and soil health on marginal riparian lands of the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR). We compared the impact of SRW on these parameters to two common land uses: annual crop (AC) and pasture (PA). Depth to GWT was monitored via data loggers from 28 wells in two semi-arid PPR sites. The GWT depth varied by land use practices only in site B (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; PA &gt; SRW = AC) but not significantly in site A (<em>p</em> = 0.325), and the patterns were inconsistent between sites. In GWT depth prediction, the performance of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was better than Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models but was inconsistent alike with field observations. The GWT depth responded to seasonal precipitation and potential evapotranspiration (ET) patterns. The monthly GWT fluctuations peaked between June and August due to increased precipitation, while they were lower during May and September with reduced precipitation; however, these variations were not significant (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). Higher precipitation and lower potential ET throughout the wet year (i.e., in 2014) significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) raised GWT (i.e., decreased depth to GWT) under all land uses, and vice versa. Our study indicated that planting SRW in marginal riparian land of the PPR would not negatively impact shallow GWT or soil water availability. Moreover, the SRW plantation could also help manage soil salinity without severely depleting the soil's nutrient pools or diminishing soil quality and health indicator parameters measured during the first rotation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00862"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424001093/pdfft?md5=b631e5fdad38ac5b21cd7f8f4a07348b&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424001093-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic linkages between human pressure and stability of soil organic matter in mid-latitude mountains – A perspective review","authors":"Łukasz Musielok ,&nbsp;Karen Vancampenhout ,&nbsp;Bart Muys ,&nbsp;Magdalena Gus-Stolarczyk ,&nbsp;Ewa Grabska-Szwagrzyk ,&nbsp;Mateusz Stolarczyk ,&nbsp;Anna Bartos ,&nbsp;Agata Gołąb ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Buczek","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mid-latitude mountains are dynamic environments, confronted with climate change and human land-use effects. Understanding how such human pressures affect the stability of soil organic matter (SOM) is crucial for predicting SOM dynamics and mitigating climate change. To contribute to a better understanding of the determinants of SOM stability in mid-latitude mountains we propose a conceptual hierarchical framework for the spatio-temporal variability of SOM preservation. Second, we review the literature on SOM stability in various related environmental contexts, including soil types typical of different altitudinal zones as well as specific intrazonal soils such as organic soils of mountain peatlands and soils developed on calcareous parent materials. We point out the existing knowledge gaps and contradictory research results in this area. Finally, we develop a framework for understanding the link between human pressure and SOM stability, including an in-depth analysis of the effects of tree species conversion, windthrows, land use and land cover change, fires, and soil erosion. We also indicate the need for a comprehensive, holistic approach to the study of SOM stability in mid-latitude mountains, taking into account the context of soil-forming processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00859"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424001068/pdfft?md5=d2d9eb9c7a8c9e32597cd5f1ae3014d3&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424001068-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sixty-year impact of manure and NPK on soil aggregate stability","authors":"Iva Stehlíková ,&nbsp;Radka Kodešová ,&nbsp;Eva Kunzová ,&nbsp;Alena Czakó ,&nbsp;Markéta Mayerová ,&nbsp;Mikuláš Madaras","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding how long-term land use affects soil quality and resistance to degradation is essential for identifying sustainable management practices in different soil types. This study's aim was to evaluate how different fertilization approaches influence soil aggregate stability (SAS) and some associated soil properties. The experiment was established in 1955 at three sites with different soil types (Chernozem on loess, Phaeozem on loess, and Cambisol on gneiss) and diverse climatic conditions. Three fertilization scenarios were selected for the study conducted during 2014–2021: i) farmyard manure (40 t ha⁻¹) once every 4 years; ii) NPK mineral fertilizer every year plus farmyard manure once every 4 years, and iii) no fertilizer (control).</p><p>Farmyard manure positively affected stability of the Cambisol soil aggregates in both cases of fertilization (i and ii). On the other hand, manure had negligible impact upon SAS of the other two soils. In addition, significantly lower SAS values were measured for soils fertilized also by the mineral fertilizer (ii) than for the other scenarios (i and iii). Manure treatment and combined fertilization showed a significant increase in hot water extractable carbon and total carbon content at all sites compared to the unfertilized treatments. A positive relationship between SAS and total organic carbon was confirmed, however, only for the Cambisol spring samples. In some years, composition of organic matter or content of glomalin was also investigated to reveal their effects on SAS. A positive impact of hydrophobicity on SAS was proven for the Phaeozem and Chernozem, but not for the Cambisol. An unexpected negative effect was observed for glomalin. For both spring and summer sampling events, the SAS values were strongly and negatively correlated with the field (sampling) soil water content, which partly masked effects of other soil properties on SAS. These results underscore the importance of complex long-term studies for understanding mutual interactions affecting the stability of soil aggregates in individual soil types and different climatic conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00858"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}