Geoderma Regional最新文献

{"title":"Challenges in viticulture practices in a changing environment: Can green waste amendment benefit soil properties of vineyards in the Mediterranean?","authors":"Flor Regus ,&nbsp;Isabelle Laffont-Schwob ,&nbsp;Pascale Prudent ,&nbsp;Lisa Foli ,&nbsp;Yvan Capowiez ,&nbsp;Julianne Capelle ,&nbsp;Rayhane Hamrouni ,&nbsp;Nathalie Dupuy ,&nbsp;Hélène Folzer ,&nbsp;Anne Marie Farnet Da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Southeastern France, viticulture is of great social, cultural, and economic importance. This sector is threatened by climate change particularly in the Mediterranean (longer droughts and more frequent heat waves) where soils are poor in organic matter and weakly developed. Since organic amendment can strongly modify soil properties and consequently the final products (grapes and wine), the effects of sustainable practices on soil characteristics have to be carefully assessed. This seasonal field survey focuses on the effects green waste amendment (GWA), i.e. semi-composted green wastes, have on vineyard soil functionality. The effects of GWA were compared with those of grass cover (GC), known as a sustainable practice. Soils were collected in vineyards under organic practices (Bouches-du-Rhône and Var, France) over four seasons and physico-chemical (Total C and N, pH_water, pH_KCL, EC, WHC, copper content and soil organic carbon SOC) and biological (microbial respiration and biomass, microbial catabolic structure, earthworm abundance and biomass) properties were characterized. Both practices were beneficial to soil physicochemical properties. For example, under both practices, higher (2 fold) Total N and SOC on late spring were observed. Both GWA and GC favored soil microbial communities, with microbial respiration having doubled and tripled on late spring. Similar results were observed for microbial biomass and both bacterial and fungal catabolic diversities (increased approximately by half) over summer. These benefits were particularly prominent during drought season (June and August), and probably linked to a shift in microbial communities as revealed by catabolic profiles. GWA also favored abundance and biomass of earthworm during winter. These findings reveal the potential GWA to counteract the effect of tillage, to mitigate the stress from drought and to improve overall soil functionality in vineyards.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article e00844"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142040715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon dynamics in an alluvial fan in the eastern Canadian Arctic","authors":"Anne Ola ,&nbsp;Samuel Gagnon ,&nbsp;Daniel Fortier ,&nbsp;Jérôme Comte ,&nbsp;Florent Domine","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alluvial fans are common features of mountainous landscapes in circumpolar regions and are characterized by a suit of hillslope processes that drive sediment distribution. At present there is little known about the biogeochemistry of these systems. Thus, this study aimed to understand alluvial fan soil carbon (C) dynamics. Surface and permafrost soil was retrieved in the apex, mid-section, and foot of a fan on Bylot Island in the Canadian Arctic. Soil characteristics such as grain size distribution, ice content and major ions, electric conductivity, as well as total C and nitrogen (N) contents were determined. Moreover, soil organic carbon (SOC) pools were assessed using density fractionation in combination with acid hydrolysis. Despite the strong influence of hillslope processes on physical sediment characteristics, hillslope location had no effect on SOC and N stocks. However, fractionation analysis showed that hillslope processes facilitate the degradation of soil C prior to its burial and integration into permafrost soil, where over 90% of the SOC pool associated with the mineral-fraction is resistant to degradation. Hence, SOC pools at the foot of alluvial fans may be considered relatively stable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article e00841"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424000889/pdfft?md5=d191a68cde7cf3fe2555085593a2d341&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424000889-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemistry and microbiology of boreal alluvial soil under salinisation","authors":"E.A. Khayrulina ,&nbsp;N.V. Mitrakova ,&nbsp;A.Yu. Maksimov ,&nbsp;P.Yu. Maltseva ,&nbsp;A.A. Bogush","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil salinisation in taiga landscapes is in most cases caused by anthropogenic activities. The study was carried out in Perm region (Russia) on the territory of the Verkhnekamskoe Potash Deposit. The inflow of sodium chloride drainage water into ground and surface waters during the production of potash fertilisers contributed to the technogenic salinisation of river valleys in the taiga zone. The purpose of the research was to investigate the microbial composition and chemical properties of alluvial soils in the area affected by Na<img>Cl waters in the Lyonva River valley. The chemical properties of soils were determined standard methods such as potentiometric method, titration, and spectrophotometry. The microbial community was determined by 16 s rRNA gene metagenomic analysis. The soil's mineralogical composition was determined using a binocular microscope and diffractometer for XRD. The morphology and microstructure of the samples has been studied using an analytical scanning electron microscope. In Solonchaks, an interdependence of salinity and bacterial species composition was discovered, along with the bacteria's geochemical processes. The topsoil contains a considerable amount of toxic salts, ranging from 5.9 to 17%. The ratio of exchangeable cations in the soil absorption complex changes when exchangeable calcium is replaced by sodium. Salinisation caused the neutralisation of acidic alluvial soils. Bacteria originating from marine and highly mineralised environments predominate in the soil. The soils are dominated by bacteria originating from marine and highly mineralised environments, such as <em>Proteobacteria, Shewanella</em> (75–79%), <em>Thiomicrospira</em> (26%), <em>Desulfuromonas, Marinomonas</em> and <em>Idiomarina</em> (9–10%), <em>Alicyclobacillus</em> (4%). The correlation revealed the connection of some taxa with ions of aqueous extract, as well as with exchangeable sodium, mobile iron and total sulphur. Some bacteria promote azonal geochemical processes within alluvial forest soil, such as the reduction of iron and manganese, the production of sulphides, and the oxidation of sulphur, hydrogen, and iron. Sulphide accumulation resulting in the formation of a hydrotroilite horizon (FeS × nH2O) and iron-bearing formations were found on the soil surface. Studying the properties and degree of soil disturbance makes it possible to identify the contribution of enterprises to environmental pollution, as well as to apply new methods for monitoring, purifying, and storing potassium waste.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article e00842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin and evolution of soil materials of the Paleo-Chadian linear-dune landscape in the Far North Region of Cameroon","authors":"R.K. Enang ,&nbsp;F. Mees ,&nbsp;B.P.K. Yerima ,&nbsp;G.K. Kome ,&nbsp;E. Van Ranst","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mineralogy and micromorphology of associated red Arenosols and both yellow and grey Gleysols of the Paleo-Chadian linear-dune landscape of the Far North Region of Cameroon were studied in order to obtain information about depositional environments and pedogenic processes. Differences between the red soils and both others include a significant difference in clay content, which is much higher in the grey and yellow soils. The composition of the clay fraction is also different, with kaolinite and illite as main mineral phases in the red soils, whereas smectite is strongly predominant in the grey soils and a major phase in the yellow soils. Mössbauer spectroscopy analysis reveals a predominance of hematite as iron oxide mineral in the red soils, in contrast to goethite-predominance in the yellow soils. Thin section observations reveal poor sorting of the coarse fraction, differences in feldspar content, and an absence of reworked clay aggregates, as well as the presence of pore-related carbonate features in the grey soils and iron oxide nodules in the grey and yellow soils. The obtained results indicate that the red soils are derived from a different parent material than the other soils. The grey soils developed on flood-related fluvial deposits in interdune depressions, whereas the red soils formed on aeolian sands and the yellow soils show a mixed origin. In the interdune depressions, hydromorphic conditions led to iron reduction and pedogenic carbonate enrichment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article e00843"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141853640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil carbon and bio-physicochemical properties dynamics under forest restoration sites in southern Ghana","authors":"Hugh C. Adokwei Brown ,&nbsp;Mark Appiah ,&nbsp;Gabriel W. Quansah ,&nbsp;Eric Owusu Adjei ,&nbsp;Frank Berninger","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forest degradation and conversion to agriculture and other land uses usually leads to a reduction in soil carbon stocks and negatively impacts key soil bio-physicochemical properties. The recovery of these soil properties following reforestation has been unclear and/or has not been well studied in the tropics. We analysed the soil carbon stocks and soil physicochemical characteristics of 48 sample plots across 11 sites in 42–47 year-old tropical hardwood plantations and secondary forests of similar ages, and primary reference forests. In addition, we assessed soil microbial biomass and litter decomposition. The study was conducted in the moist and wet climatic zones of Ghana.</p><p>Climate was the main determinant of soil characteristics, while the effect of forest type was minor. After 40 years of restoration, the soil carbon stocks and key soil physicochemical properties in plantations and secondary forests reached similar levels to those in the primary forests within the respective climatic zones. We observed that forests in the wet zone had higher soil carbon stocks and higher above ground biomass with much lower soil pH. Soil carbon stocks (0–50 cm) ranged from 51.16 Mg ha⁻¹ to 122.84 Mg ha⁻¹, with the mean values for the moist and wet zones being 56.9 Mg ha⁻¹ and 106.8 Mg ha⁻¹respectively.</p><p>There were no differences in soil microbial biomass between the forest types within zones, however, it was notably much higher in the moist compared to the wet zone. The decomposition of two types of tea (green and rooibos) with contrasting decomposability was analysed using a two-component exponential decomposition model. The results indicated that the decomposition of recalcitrant material in the tea bags was slower in the wet climatic zone. Further analysis showed that soil organic carbon content was inversely related to the recalcitrant organic matter's decomposition rate. In addition, there was a positive relation between the soil carbon stocks and above-ground biomass. Our results indicate that soil biophysico-chemical properties and carbon stocks were restored in plantations and secondary forests after 40 years of restoration. However, a number of our restoration sites were cleared and farmed for a relatively short period (≈ 3–4 years) but are representive of many recently deforested areas in the tropics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article e00838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No-tillage with straw retention influenced maize root growth morphology by changing soil physical properties and aggregate structure in Northeast China: A ten-year field experiment","authors":"Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Laidi Zou ,&nbsp;Chenchen Lou ,&nbsp;Xuedong Geng ,&nbsp;Shixiu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuewen Chen ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Dandan Huang ,&nbsp;Aizhen Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Conservation tillage, particularly the implementation of no-tillage and straw retention (NTS), has been proposed as an effective practice to enhance soil structure and improve soil quality in Northeast China. However, the impact of NTS on maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) root growth morphology and the influence of tillage practices on maize root morphology through soil physical properties and structure in Northeast China remain understudied. To address this knowledge gap, a continuous ten-year experiment was conducted to assess the effects of NTS on soil physical properties, aggregate structure, maize root morphology, and their interconnections. Our findings demonstrate that the NTS treatment significantly increased soil water content and soil bulk density at depths of 0–5 cm (1.6%) and 5–10 cm (2.2%), while decreasing soil porosity at depths of 0–5 cm (1.4%) and 5–10 cm (2.0%) compared to conventional tillage (CT). Additionally, NTS resulted in a higher content of soil macro-aggregates (&gt; 0.25 mm) and improved soil aggregate stability compared to CT. Notably, root length, root surface area, root volume, and root biomass in the NTS treatment were 6.04%, 22.15%, 10.04%, and 9.29% higher than those in CT, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in root diameter between the two tillage practices. These results reveal that NTS induces alterations in soil physical properties, aggregate size distribution and aggregate stability, thereby affecting maize root growth morphology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article e00840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141785291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedogenic variables with color indices of rubified Alfisols in the Kakalachinte microwatershed, Karnataka, South India","authors":"Gizachew Ayalew Tiruneh ,&nbsp;Ashok Hanjagi ,&nbsp;Bhaskara Phaneendra ,&nbsp;M. Lalitha ,&nbsp;R. Vasundhara ,&nbsp;V. Ramamurty ,&nbsp;S. Abdul Rahaman ,&nbsp;T. Ravikiran ,&nbsp;Agmas Amare Simegn ,&nbsp;Tewodros Mulu Addis ,&nbsp;Derege Tsegaye Meshesha ,&nbsp;Tiringo Yilak Alemayehu ,&nbsp;José Miguel Reichert","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil properties and processes can often be estimated by soil color, which provides valuable information about composition and other properties. We focused on the morphology, particle size distribution, and chemical properties of Alfisols in Kakalachinte microwatershed, Karnataka, India. Soil redness indices were calculated: Buntley's and Westin's rate (BWR), Hurst's rate (HR); Torrent’ rates (TR1 and TR2); Barrón's and Torrent's rates (BTR1 and BTR2), and Viscarra's rate (VR). The Munsell notation was converted to the CIE (Commission Internationale del'Eclairage, CIE) Lab system, Lab model: L*, luminance, a*, redness, and b*, yellowness of moist soil samples. Forty-five soil samples were characterized for texture, soil reaction (pH), electrical conductivity, calcium carbonate content, organic carbon (OC) content, exchangeable cations (sodium, Na; potassium, K; magnesium, Mg; and calcium, Ca), base saturation (BS), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The pH of the soils ranged from strongly acid (pH of 5.25) to strongly alkaline (pH of 8.73). These soils exhibited low CEC, with a mean of 8.36 cmol(+)/kg and a coefficient of variation of &gt;35%. The BS was found to be &gt;70%, with a dominance of exchangeable Ca (6.93 ± 1.08 cmol(+)/kg). Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between OC and the L* value (<em>r</em> = 0.6**). The correlation results revealed a strong positive correlation of a* value with TR1 (<em>r</em> = 0.54**), significant negative relationship between L* and BTR1 (<em>r</em> = −0.54*), BTR2 (<em>r</em> = −0.525*), and VR (<em>r</em> = −0.53*). Regression between soil OC and the L* value showed R² of 0.40 and RMSE of 0.01; soil exchangeable K and Mg with the R² = 0.74; RMSE = 0.12 and the R² = 0.42; RMSE = 0.11 at <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001. The study highlights the importance of converting Munsell color notation to the CIELab system for understanding the rubification process in relation to soil properties in Alfisols at the microwatershed level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article e00839"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424000865/pdfft?md5=c80da214f91f5689d43406dfeeab07ae&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424000865-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the pedogenic oxide ratio in distinguishing volcanic soil weathering intensity in subtropical region","authors":"Chen-Chi Tsai ,&nbsp;Yu-Fang Chang ,&nbsp;Chia-Hsing Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pedogenic oxide ratio (POR) helps identify and understand pedogenic processes. However, POR is seldom used to study and distinguish the weathering intensity of volcanic soils that are moderately weathered in the subtropical region. The research was conducted by collecting thirty-three subtropical volcanic soils from the northeastern Tatung Volcanic Group (TVG) region in Yangmingshan National Park, near Taipei, located in northern Taiwan. These volcanic soils could be grouped into two groups with different weathering intensities based on three weathering indices, pedogenic Fe-oxides ratios (PORs) - Fe_o/Fe_d, ((Fe_d-Fe_o)/Fe_t), and total reserve in bases (TRB): the highly weathered (HW) group and the lower weathered (LW) group. The two PORs show significant differences between the two groups, but not for TRB, which indicates the PORs are a good indicator for providing quantitative measurements of weathering intensity. Except for the soil bulk density (BD) meeting andic soil properties, the soils of the HW group have a lower content of Al plus 1/2 Fe content (by ammonium oxalate) (Al_o + 1/2Fe_o) and phosphorus (P) retention, and soils of the LW group only have a lower P retention. Within those soil physicochemical properties and selective dissolution analysis results and index values, Al_o + 1/2Fe_o, pyrophosphate extractable C (C_p), P retention, and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) extractable aluminum (Al_d) are four critical factors for the discrimination of the soils. The soils in the study area still have relict volcanic soil properties after moderately weathered. Our research results indicate that the PO and POR are good indicators of moderately weathered volcanic soils in the subtropical region, allowing for a more precise assessment of the soil weathering process, in addition to quantitative measurements of weathering intensity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article e00836"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141716118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revegetation is key for soil organic carbon sequestration on abandoned and degraded land in northern Spain","authors":"Maja Valentina Schneider,&nbsp;Simon Oberholzer,&nbsp;Chinwe Ifejika Speranza","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agricultural land abandonment is a major land use change in the Mediterranean region, especially affecting marginal areas. The fields of the abandoned village Sierra Estronad (Aragón, Spain), experienced heavy impact treatments (bulldozing) after which half of the fields were kept open and tilled without planting any crop and the other half of the fields were left fallow. From these two treatments and the surrounding natural forest 483 soil samples were collected in addition to corresponding vegetation data at 162 GPS referenced sampling points. Soil samples were analyzed using predictive models based on visible and near-infrared spectroscopy for Soil Organic Carbon (SOC), total Nitrogen, and Permanganate Oxidizable Carbon.</p><p>Comparing the fallow fields, which have had a 15-year recovery period to the tilled fields, a SOC sequestration rate of 0.64 Mg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ was found. On tilled fields however, even after a recovery period of 5 years, very few plants were able to colonize the area, resulting in a sparse soil cover and significantly lower SOC and total N stocks.</p><p>These results show the interdependence of soil fertility proxies (SOC and /total Nitrogen) and the degree of vegetation cover, and how practices of preventing former agricultural fields from revegetating have a long-lasting impact of soil degradation, even after their termination. However, if left fallow, abandoned fields do have the potential to support a secondary succession and serve as a carbon sink thus contributing to soil fertility and climate change mitigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article e00835"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424000828/pdfft?md5=a20d0e3bae6a474127aff0500b2998c5&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424000828-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clay mineral composition drives soil structure behavior and the associated physical properties in Brazilian Oxisols","authors":"Thaís Nascimento Pessoa ,&nbsp;Renata Cristina Bovi ,&nbsp;Márcio Renato Nunes ,&nbsp;Miguel Cooper ,&nbsp;Daniel Uteau ,&nbsp;Stephan Peth ,&nbsp;Paulo Leonel Libardi","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil aggregation controls several physical, chemical, and biological processes. Soil organic matter (SOM) and its stabilizing agents are regarded as the most important factors driving formation and stabilization of soil aggregates. However, aggregate stability in highly weathered soils may also be related to clay mineral composition and soil chemical properties. This study aims to evaluate the processes controlling soil aggregate stability and to understand the influence of soil chemical and clay mineral composition on the structural stability of highly weathered soils. Four Brazilian Oxisols were investigated: (P1) Xanthic Kandiustox, (P2) Rhodic Haplustox, (P3) Anionic Acrustox, and (P4) Typic Hapludox. Undisturbed and disturbed soil samples were collected from the Bw horizon under a native forest. Soil structural stability was evaluated using a variety of techniques and indices, including mean weight diameter (MWD) by hydraulic stress, mechanically-dispersible clay (MDC) by turbidimetry, tensile strength (TS) by crushing aggregates, and soil structural stability index (SSI) taking into account soil organic carbon (SOC). In general, P1 exhibited the highest MDC content (3.05 ± 0.54, Nephelometric Turbidity Unit, NTU/g L^‐−1), while P4 had the highest MWD (10.26 ± 0.24 mm) and the highest TS (80.42 ± 18.54 kPa) within the 8–4 mm aggregate size class. The TS for the 4–2 mm and 2–1 mm aggregate size classes was found to be equal for P2 and P4, with values ranging from 158.17 ± 24.70 kPa to 148.04 ± 38.50 kPa in the 4–2 mm class, and from 459.51 ± 189 kPa to 328.35 ± 78.22 kPa in the 2–1 mm one. The SSI was found to be inadequate for evaluating the structural stability of the Oxisols. In general, SOC was found to be the main stabilizing agent of larger aggregates, while clay mineral composition determined the stability of smaller aggregates. Goethite associated with gibbsite was more effective in increasing the structural stability of P2 and P4. Furthermore, kaolinites with low crystallinity, which are found in clayey Oxisols, resulted in a high specific surface area, particularly in Rhodic Haplustox and Typic Hapludox soils, which promoted more interactions with other clay minerals (e.g., goethite and gibbsite) and SOC, thereby increasing the tensile strength in these Oxisols. In fact, the formation and stabilization of aggregates in highly weathered soils depends on several factors, but the influence of clay mineral composition stands out as the most pronounced.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article e00837"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}