Geoderma Regional最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of reclaimed water irrigation on mulch decomposition, microbial activity, and soil nutrient availability in the Brazilian semi-arid","authors":"Aline Roma Tomaz ,&nbsp;William Ramos da Silva ,&nbsp;Thiago Massao Inagaki ,&nbsp;Emylaine Oliveira Santos ,&nbsp;Giselle Gomes Monteiro Fracetto ,&nbsp;Felipe José Cury Fracetto ,&nbsp;Vitor da Silveira Freitas ,&nbsp;Diego Victor Babos ,&nbsp;Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira Milori ,&nbsp;Abelardo Antônio de Assunção Montenegro ,&nbsp;Ademir de Oliveira Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Knowledge gaps persist regarding mulch decomposition, nutrient dynamics, and microbial responses in semi-arid soils under reclaimed water irrigation. This is a critical issue for water-scarce regions like the Brazilian semi-arid. This study evaluated these processes in cactus-sorghum intercropping systems with mulch under irrigation depths with reclaimed water. The study employed a randomized block design with four replicates, testing irrigation depths of 0 %, 80 %, 100 %, and 120 % of sorghum ETc. Mulch decomposition was monitored for 165 days using litter bags, with subsequent C/N analysis of residual biomass. Soils at 0–0.10 m and 0.10–0.20 m depths were sampled to determine the contents of NO₃⁻, NH₄⁺, P, and microbial biomass C (MB-C), basal soil respiration, and aromatization index (ALIFS). Decomposition revealed the highest rates at 10 days (16 %) under 80 % ETc and at 25 days (24 %, 22 %, and 21 %) under 80 %, 100 %, and 120 % ETc, surpassing non-irrigated soils. Residue half-life was 182–196 days. Mulch N content declined most sharply at 10 days (1.2–1.8 g kg⁻¹ in irrigated treatments). Soil NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻ peaked in the 0–0.10 m layer, but nitrate decreased by 15–62 % at 65 days, signaling microbial disruption from water excess. MB-C dropped &gt;90 % at 65 days but recovered by 165 days, with the 80 % and 100 % treatments showing the highest MB-C in surface soils. These treatments also increased available P₂O₅ by 46–216 mg kg⁻¹ versus 0 % and 120 % ETc. The ALIFS was higher in irrigated soils, especially at 120 % ETc (0–0.10 m). Reclaimed water irrigation enhanced nutrient supply, decomposition, and microbial activity, reducing synthetic fertilizer dependency while improving soil health in semi-arid agroecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00978"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors governing the formation, distribution and taxonomy of soils with glossic horizons and features in the contiguous USA","authors":"James G. Bockheim ,&nbsp;Ryan C. Hodges ,&nbsp;Alfred E. Hartemink","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soils with glossic horizons and features (referred to here as glossic soils) have horizons with interfingering of albic materials in the upper part of an underlying argillic or natric horizon. In the contiguous (exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii and US territories) USA there are 739 soil series covering 227,000 km² with a glossic horizon or glossic features. Here we analyze site factors and soil properties that govern their formation, distribution and taxonomic classification. Seven distinctive geographic regions containing glossic soils were examined: the Great Lakes (37 % of area), Gulf Slope (23 %), Lower Mississippi Valley (12 %), Central Thin Loess-Till region (9 %), Rocky Mountains (9 %), Northern Great Plains (6 %), and Florida Flatwoods (2 %). Glossic soils in these regions have the following features: 90 % of the soil series are well, moderately well, or somewhat poorly drained, 92 % are covered with broadleaved or mixed broadleaved-coniferous forest, 92 % are deep or very deep (&gt;100 cm), 85 % have mixed or siliceous mineralogy according to Soil Taxonomy (ST), 73 % have a coarse-loamy, fine-loamy, fine-silty, or fine particle size class according to ST, and 70 % of the soils have a base saturation &gt; 70 % in the 0 to 50 cm depth. About 40 % of what was once may have been the argillic or natric horizon has been degraded, but some argillic horizons in the Great Lakes and Lower Mississippi Valley have been completely degraded to depths of &gt;200 cm. Five constructs explaining the origin of glossic horizons are explored, including (i) lithologic discontinuities, (ii) a former periglacial climate and permafrost, (iii) shifts in ecotones related to climate change, (iv) increased podzolization following leaching of carbonates; and (v) redox processes derived from a fluctuating water table. Glossic soils occur on sediments dated from early Holocene to early Pleistocene age, or older. About 38 % of the soil series likely have never experienced permafrost or a periglacial climate. Formation of a glossic horizon or features is a retrograde form of pedogenesis initiated by the loss of carbonates, acidification, and the development of redoximorphic features. This process may be driven by natural stages in pedogenesis or by major changes in early Holocene climate and vegetation. About two-thirds of the glossic soils in the contiguous USA do not meet the requirements of albeluvic glossae or retic properties in the WRB classification system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00973"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Based on soil carbon saturation capacity what is the potential for soil carbon improvement in rice-based cropping systems of northwest region of Bangladesh?","authors":"Md. Noor E. Alam Siddique ,&nbsp;Lisa A. Lobry de Bruyn ,&nbsp;Yui Osanai ,&nbsp;Chris N. Guppy","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The regional study determined soil organic carbon (SOC) saturation capacity and deficit of rice-based cropping systems (RBCS) in a range of land resource, crop and management combinations to identify which RBCS had the greatest potential for improving SOC. Six RBCS were examined and the crop-diversified and mustard-rice triple cropping systems in medium highland (MHL) had the greatest potential with the highest carbon saturation capacity and lowest carbon deficit. This finding was largely attributed to the location of these RBCS where the soil's dominant clay mineral types (1:1 or 2:1 clays) and level of inundation resulted in a higher proportion of fine soil particles compared to the other RBCS. Higher SOC levels recorded in these systems, hence the lower soil carbon deficit, was also partly due to greater carbon inputs from three annual crops and greater retention of crop residue. In contrast, maize-rice, wheat-rice, and vegetable-rice triple cropping systems on highland (HL) had less potential for soil carbon improvement. The location of these RBCS in HL areas, which are prone to SOC loss through soil erosion, combined with less crop diversity, low crop residue retention and greater soil disturbance through tillage further reduces the likelihood of SOC increases. Largely due to these management factors the most vulnerable RBCS is rice-rice double cropping system on MHL, which has a 76 % deficit to carbon saturation capacity, despite a more favorable land resource. To address soil carbon deficits, especially under vulnerable soil types, various management strategies could be applied, including: optimal fertilization, use of organic manures, crop rotations, and greater crop residue retention. Enhancing soil resilience is crucial for maintaining productivity, especially in high tillage systems. Greater crop diversity and increased residue retention could improve carbon sequestration, benefiting soil health and climate change mitigation. Promoting crop-diversified and mustard-rice systems among smallholder farmers in suitable regions of the Floodplain and Terrace soil physiography throughout Bangladesh, is recommended, while other systems with higher soil carbon deficits require increased carbon inputs, by reducing fallow periods and crop residue removal in the region. Support for smallholders through access to land of greater land capability, subsidized inputs, and agricultural extension activities is essential for enhancing soil resilience and productivity in RBCS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00975"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of mid-infrared spectroscopy for soil analysis in calcareous Argania spinosa forests in Morocco","authors":"Lars Engelmann,&nbsp;Reinhard Bierl,&nbsp;Mario Kirchhoff,&nbsp;Johannes B. Ries","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy is a promising tool to meet the growing global demand for soil data, as it allows a rapid and inexpensive collection of infrared spectra. Despite an increasing number of soil property predictions based on such datasets, the data availability in arid regions is still sparse. This is particularly problematic as the presence of inorganic carbonates poses additional challenges to model development in arid regions while limiting the applicability of models developed in more humid climates. In this study, the potential application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for soil analysis in degraded <em>Argania spinosa</em> populations is assessed. The underlying objective was twofold. First of all, the models generated may help to monitor soil conditions in an endangered UNESCO biosphere reserve. Secondly, knowledge gaps in arid, calcareous regions of Northern Africa are addressed by creating a sample collection of considerable size. Spectra of 397 soil samples were recorded in addition to conventional laboratory measurements of pH, percolation stability (PS), nitrogen (N), total organic carbon (TOC), and inorganic carbon (iC). Partial least squares (PLS) regression was then used to predict these soil properties based on the MIR records. The models were calibrated, independently validated, and evaluated based on the coefficient of determination (R²), the root mean square error (RMSE), the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD), and the ratio of performance to interquantile range (RPIQ). Promising model validation results were obtained for N (R²: 0.86, RPD: 2.71, RPIQ: 2.45, RMSE: 0.03), TOC (R²: 0.89, RPD: 3.06, RPIQ: 1.72, RMSE: 0.44), and iC (R²: 0.96, RPD: 5.32, RPIQ: 2.01, RMSE: 0.15), but not for the pH (R²: 0.37, RPD: 1.27, RPIQ: 1.51, RMSE: 0.17) or PS (R²: 0.30, RPD: 1.20, RPIQ: 1.31, RMSE: 80.54). Especially the results of the N prediction show that reliable MIR models can be trained in arid environments despite noticeable effects of ubiquitous iC. In contrast, the pH and PS models highlight clear limitations of the technique for surrogate calibrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e00964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rodent burrows in chernozems as a paleoarchive of vegetation dynamics: A case study from the central chernozem region of Russia","authors":"Valerii E. Pimenov ,&nbsp;Elena V. Ponomarenko ,&nbsp;Yury G. Chendev ,&nbsp;Ekaterina G. Ershova ,&nbsp;Maria I. Dergacheva ,&nbsp;Maria A. Smirnova","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Northern сhernozems are formed at the interface of the steppe zone with broadleaved forests. Boundaries between these ecosystems were shifting in the Holocene, following changes in climate and land use practices. It is expected that modern chernozemic soils went through multiple stages of development under various plant formations that altered soil properties, but reconstruction of vegetation dynamics in the steppe region is limited by a scarcity of paleoecological archives, such as peatlands and lakes. Zooturbation is the hallmark of arid regions; it results in the formation of infilled burrows — <em>krotovinas</em>, that are numerous and ubiquitous in chernozems. In northern steppes most krotovinas are created by the greater mole-rat (<em>Spalax microphthalmus</em>). Infill of vertical shafts of krotovinas varies in color and humus content within one soil profile, suggesting that they have been formed over a considerable timespan. We analyzed pollen composition of the vertical krotovinas and compared it to pollen spectra of surficial horizons in chernozems of northern steppes. All krotovinas contained pollen of the quantity and preservation degree that enabled vegetation reconstruction. Surface pollen spectra reflected disturbed meadow-steppe vegetation, whereas pollen spectra of krotovinas varied from those of forested to dry steppe communities. Ordination of pollen spectra from krotovinas according to their humus content suggests major successions in vegetation cover from <em>Artemisia</em>-dominated xerophytic ecosystems to wet, warm-climate meadow-steppes affected by fires and pastoralism, and further to more forested landscapes. The results show that infilled vertical burrow shafts of steppe rodents can be used as a paleoecological archive similar to paleosols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article e00969"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining farmers' perceptions of soil fertility and its use in field practices in Northern Ghana","authors":"Yoshie Yageta ,&nbsp;Joseph Agebase Awuni ,&nbsp;Vincent Kodjo Avornyo ,&nbsp;Junji Koide ,&nbsp;Satoru Muranaka ,&nbsp;Satoshi Nakamura","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Expanding sustainable soil fertility management is essential for sustainable agricultural production in Sub-Saharan Africa. This case study was conducted to understand local perceptions of soil fertility and strategies farmers use for field management in Northern Ghana. The study objectives were to 1) identify the indicators of farmers' perceptions of soil fertility and 2) assess the impacts of local knowledge of soil fertility on field management, particularly crop selection, in Northern Ghana. Soil sampling for physicochemical analysis and interviews with farmers regarding their perceptions of soil fertility, cultivated crops, and organic amendments were conducted in 300 farm fields in 60 communities. Soils perceived as fertile by farmers had significantly higher values of pH (H₂O), pH (KCl), electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, total carbon, Ca, K, Mg, and cation exchange capacity, followed by normal, less fertile, and infertile soils. A comparison of the crops cultivated in 2019 and 2020 at each farm revealed that cash crops (groundnuts, soybeans, and yams) were not cultivated in soils perceived as infertile by farmers. The use of organic amendments was relatively low; however, they were often applied to fields perceived as infertile to improve fertility. Our findings can be useful for recommending suitable crop allocation for specific local conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article e00972"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144269975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human-induced transformation of chernozems in the Central Russian Upland: a role of benchmark and nearly-benchmark soils in assessing","authors":"Yu.G. Chendev ,&nbsp;M.A. Smirnova ,&nbsp;A.N. Gennadiev","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaluating the human-induced transformation of chernozems — the most fertile soils in the world — requires the presence of undisturbed benchmark soils for comparison. Traditionally, such benchmarks are found within protected areas. However, given the near-total agricultural development of the chernozem zone, including the Central Russian Upland, protected areas with chernozems are scarce and cover limited extents. In this context, near-benchmark chernozems — those that have never been ploughed but are located in hayfields and pastures — can serve as valuable references. These soils, though subject to minimal agricultural use (e.g., mowing and grazing), retain properties closely resembling those of benchmark chernozems.</div><div>This study presents a comparative analysis of the morphological, physical, and chemical properties of: a) chernozems in protected areas (benchmark chernozems); b) never-ploughed chernozems in hayfields and pastures (near-benchmark chernozems); and c) ploughed chernozems. The findings reveal the extent and direction of human-induced transformation in chernozem soils. Ploughing leads to soil compaction at depths of 20–30 cm, reduced organic carbon stocks (especially in the upper 50 cm), and upward movement of soil carbonates. In hayfields and pastures, grazing and periodic mowing cause compaction to a depth of 50 cm and similar upward migration of soil carbonates.</div><div>Soils under hayfields and pastures show no significant differences from protected chernozems in terms of organic carbon stocks (0–20 cm, 0–50 cm, 1 m, and 2 m layers) and morphological properties. Thus, chernozems under hayfields and pastures, despite minor anthropogenic impacts, retain many properties similar to those of protected soils. They are valuable for reconstructing the natural characteristics of pre-industrial chernozems and can serve as benchmarks for assessing the transformation of arable chernozems.</div><div>These findings underscore the need to preserve and expand protected areas with never-ploughed chernozems and highlight the importance of developing sustainable land-use strategies to prevent soil degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article e00971"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of phosphorus pools, sorption capacity and supply potential of agricultural soils of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia","authors":"Gidena T. Reda ,&nbsp;Mirjam S. Breure ,&nbsp;David P. Wall ,&nbsp;Abbadi G. Reda ,&nbsp;Rachel E. Creamer","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphorus (P) is a major limiting nutrient for food production in Ethiopian agricultural soils, primarily due to low P fertilizer application and strong P fixation caused by inherent soil properties. Understanding the supply potential and distribution of soil P pools is essential for optimising P fertilizer recommendations, particularly in Northern Ethiopian soils, where strong P fixation occurs due to highly weathered soil minerals, and associated soil properties, which affect P availability. The objectives of this study were to: (i) investigate the distribution of P across different soil P pools and (ii) examine the P sorption capacity and supply potential of agricultural soils in relation to P availability as controlled by Ca/P and Al/P ratios. Soil samples were collected from forty-three locations across three districts in northern Ethiopia: Endamekhoni (ED), Laelay-Maichew (LM) and Atsbi-Wenberta (AW). Availability and distribution of P across different soil P pools were assessed using Mehlich3 (M3) extraction and Hedley sequential extraction scheme, respectively. Soil total P was highly variable across sites, ranging between 348 and 3108 mg kg⁻¹. The availability of P was plotted against ratios of Ca and Al over P to identify change points, indicative of P supply potential to crops. Results showed that the change points for P supply potential were different across the three districts, likely reflecting differences in soil parent materials. The Ca/P ratio change points that determine the availability of P in soils were 696:1, 1926:1 and 401:1, for the districts of ED, LM and AW, respectively. Similarly, the change points of Al/P ratio for the ED, LM and AW were 97:1, 284:1, and 30:1, respectively. The accessibility of P for plant uptake increased when the ratios of Ca/P and Al/P were below the change points and vice versa. In conclusion P fertilizer recommendations should consider the change points of Ca/P and Al/P ratios, as these ratios control the bioavailability of soil P and elucidate the P sorption capacity and supply potential of the Ethiopian agricultural soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article e00970"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the effect of land use and manure management on soil carbon sequestration in tropical mixed crop-livestock systems: A case study in Guadeloupe (Caribbean)","authors":"Jorge Sierra ,&nbsp;Fabien Stark ,&nbsp;Audrey Fanchone","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In tropical regions, mixed crop-livestock systems (MCLS) afford opportunities to achieve sustainable agriculture by supplying several ecosystem services, including soil C sequestration. The aim of this study was to assess soil C sequestration in representative tropical (Caribbean) MCLS in the Guadeloupe Archipelago. We designed a modeling approach at the scale of the farm and cropping system, based on a data-driven model of soil organic C (SOC) balance coupled to three databases. The variables included soil properties, manure properties (fresh and stored-composted), and farm characteristics of the eight MCLS. The results indicated that land use (i.e., relative area occupied by perennial crops) was the main factor controlling soil C sequestration at the farm scale and that pasture and sugarcane systems were crucial for maintaining or increasing SOC stocks. Under the current MCLS management, only 16 % of manure production is used to fertilize croplands. This mode of fertilization was found to be ineffective at the farm scale, given that it resulted in low (average + 0.03 % yr⁻¹) or negative (up to −0.3 % yr⁻¹) soil C sequestration; manure C inputs did not compensate for SOC outputs by mineralization in annual systems. It is estimated that increasing manure use to near 100 % would increase the level of soil C sequestration 3.5-fold (average + 0.11 % yr⁻¹) and could compensate for up to 20 % of the reduction in C inputs from crop residues used as animal feed. These effects were 50 % higher for fresh manure than for stored-composted manure because of mass and C losses during storage, which reduced the level of manure C inputs to the soil. Overall, the results indicate that increasing manure use and shortening the storage period through, for example, more frequent split applications would be suitable to boost soil C sequestration and sustainability in tropical MCLS by decreasing soil C losses and increasing C retention in soil. However, trade-offs must be made between managing the frequency of applications, the cost and degree of manual labor required, and optimizing the overall health of the MCLS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article e00968"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genesis, paleoenvironmental history and landscape interplays of Holocene buried soils in Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil","authors":"Athos Alves Vieira ,&nbsp;Rafael Gomes Siqueira ,&nbsp;José João Lelis Leal de Souza ,&nbsp;Demetrio Angelo Lama Isminio ,&nbsp;Márcio Rocha Francelino ,&nbsp;Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud Schaefer ,&nbsp;Elpídio Inácio Fernandes-Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Buried soils are of great relevance for studies that aim to reconstitute paleoclimates, paleovegetation and paleosurfaces. However, very little is known about the genesis and paleoclimate history of buried soils in the Mantiqueira Range, Southeastern Brazil. Therefore, we investigated a toposequence of buried soils near the Serra do Brigadeiro – Minas Gerais State, aiming to comprehend the environmental conditions under which these soils were formed. To this end, we described, classified and analyzed eight pedocomplexes constituted of buried and overlying soils, focusing on their chemical, physical and mineralogical attributes. We also analyzed the isotopic composition (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) of organic matter and dated charcoal fragments using radiocarbon (¹⁴C) dating. We also dated the Ab horizons using Optically Stimulated Luminescence, aiming to obtain the timing of soil burial. Soils were, in general, acidic, clayey to very clayey, nutrient-poor, and with mineralogy dominated by kaolinite, gibbsite and goethite, typical of tropical soils. Past soils, found in the lower slopes, were buried by colluvial deposits derived from mass movements, mainly triggered during the Mid-Holocene (7500 to 5000 yr BP), possibly under dry and seasonal climates. The slope colluvium consists of highly pedogenized material with a degree of weathering similar to that of the buried soils, which justifies the absence of lithological discontinuities. The δ¹³C signal, indicating a mixture of C3 and C4 plants, suggests that the colluvial processes were intensified by the presence of more open vegetation, presumably a wooded savanna. The abundant presence of charcoal suggests the frequent occurrence of paleofires, either climate-induced or anthropogenic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article e00967"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}