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II. STUDY 1: INVESTIGATING BOTH EVALUATIONS AND REASONING ABOUT SYSTEMATICALLY VARIED TROLLEY CAR SITUATIONS 二、研究1：调查对有轨电车系统变化情况的评估和推理
IF 9.5 1区 心理学
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/MONO.12375
Audun Dahl, Matthew Gingo, Kevin Uttich, E. Turiel
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引用次数: 1
CHALLENGING A DUAL-PROCESS APPROACH TO MORAL REASONING: ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS EVALUATIONS OF TROLLEY CAR SITUATIONS 挑战道德推理的双过程方法：青少年和成年人对无轨电车情况的评估
IF 9.5 1区 心理学
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/MONO.12380
M. Killen, K. Mulvey
{"title":"CHALLENGING A DUAL-PROCESS APPROACH TO MORAL REASONING: ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS EVALUATIONS OF TROLLEY CAR SITUATIONS","authors":"M. Killen, K. Mulvey","doi":"10.1111/MONO.12380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/MONO.12380","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55972,"journal":{"name":"Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/MONO.12380","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48111769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 致谢
IF 9.5 1区 心理学
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/mono.12379
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引用次数: 0
III. TIME COURSES OF ILLNESSES AND TREATMENTS. 3时间是疾病和治疗的过程。
IF 9.5 1区 心理学
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/mono.12363
Kristi L Lockhart, Frank C Keil
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引用次数: 0
I. INTRODUCTION: UNDERSTANDING MEDICINES AND MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS. 1 .导论:了解药物和医疗干预措施。
IF 9.5 1区 心理学
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/mono.12361
Kristi L Lockhart, Frank C Keil
{"title":"I. INTRODUCTION: UNDERSTANDING MEDICINES AND MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS.","authors":"Kristi L Lockhart, Frank C Keil","doi":"10.1111/mono.12361","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mono.12361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We live in an increasingly pharmacological and medical world, where children and adults frequently encounter alleged treatments for an enormous range of illnesses. How do we come to understand what heals and why? Here, 15 studies explore how 1,414 children (ages 5-11) and 882 adults construe the efficacies of different kinds of cures. Developmental patterns in folk physics, psychology, and biology lead to predictions about which expectations about cures will remain relatively constant across development and which will change. With respect to stability, we find that even young school children (ages 5-7) distinguish between physical and psychological disorders and the treatments most effective for each. In contrast, young children reason differently about temporal properties associated with cures. They often judge that dramatic departures from prescribed schedules will continue to be effective. Young children are also less likely than older ages to differentiate between the treatment needs of acute versus chronic disorders. Young children see medicines as agent-like entities that migrate only to afflicted regions while having \"cure-all\" properties, views that help explain their difficulties grasping side effects. They also differ from older children and adults by judging pain and effort as reducing, instead of enhancing, a treatment's power. Finally, across all studies, optimism about treatment efficacy declines with age. Taken together, these studies show major developmental changes in how children envision the ways medicines work in the body. Moreover, these findings link to broader patterns in cognitive development and have implications for how medicines should be explained to children.</p>","PeriodicalId":55972,"journal":{"name":"Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development","volume":"83 2","pages":"7-32"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/mono.12361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40548526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
II. THE PROPER REALMS OF MEDICINES AND THEIR ALTERNATIVES: WHAT COUNT AS CURES? 2药物及其替代品的正确领域:什么算治愈?
IF 9.5 1区 心理学
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/mono.12362
Kristi L Lockhart, Frank C Keil
{"title":"II. THE PROPER REALMS OF MEDICINES AND THEIR ALTERNATIVES: WHAT COUNT AS CURES?","authors":"Kristi L Lockhart,&nbsp;Frank C Keil","doi":"10.1111/mono.12362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mono.12362","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55972,"journal":{"name":"Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development","volume":"83 2","pages":"33-62"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/mono.12362","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39986061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
IV. AGENCY AND SPATIAL PATTERNS OF ILLNESSES AND TREATMENTS. 疾病和治疗的机构和空间模式。
IF 9.5 1区 心理学
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/mono.12364
Kristi L Lockhart, Frank C Keil
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引用次数: 0
VII. FOLK MEDICINE AND FOLK CURES. 7民间医药和民间疗法。
IF 9.5 1区 心理学
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/mono.12367
Kristi L Lockhart, Frank C Keil
{"title":"VII. FOLK MEDICINE AND FOLK CURES.","authors":"Kristi L Lockhart,&nbsp;Frank C Keil","doi":"10.1111/mono.12367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mono.12367","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55972,"journal":{"name":"Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development","volume":"83 2","pages":"140-158"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/mono.12367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39986059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
VI. TREATMENTS AND TRADEOFFS. 六、治疗和权衡。
IF 9.5 1区 心理学
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/mono.12366
Kristi L Lockhart, Frank C Keil
{"title":"VI. TREATMENTS AND TRADEOFFS.","authors":"Kristi L Lockhart,&nbsp;Frank C Keil","doi":"10.1111/mono.12366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mono.12366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55972,"journal":{"name":"Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development","volume":"83 2","pages":"123-139"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/mono.12366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39985897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COMMENTARY: WHAT HEALS AND WHY? CHILDREN'S UNDERSTANDING OF MEDICAL TREATMENTS. 评论:什么能治愈，为什么?儿童对医疗的认识。
IF 9.5 1区 心理学
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/mono.12370
Karl S Rosengren, Matthew J Jiang, Charles W Kalish, David Menendez, Iseli G Hernandez
{"title":"COMMENTARY: WHAT HEALS AND WHY? CHILDREN'S UNDERSTANDING OF MEDICAL TREATMENTS.","authors":"Karl S Rosengren,&nbsp;Matthew J Jiang,&nbsp;Charles W Kalish,&nbsp;David Menendez,&nbsp;Iseli G Hernandez","doi":"10.1111/mono.12370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mono.12370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lockhart and Keil have written an interesting monograph focusing on the development of reasoning about medicine, a relatively underexplored area of research with potentially broad implications with respect to the design of more-effective medical interventions. In a set of 15 studies with well over 2,200 participants, they examine how children and adults combine aspects of biological and psychological reasoning to create working models of medicine. Lockhart and Keil explore developmental changes in reasoning about illness and its treatment using medicines in terms of dualism (e.g., psychological vs. physical), spatial proximity, differential timing of effects, potential side effects, and treatment tradeoffs. This commentary highlights the novel contributions of this monograph, examines issues that need additional considerations, and makes suggestions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":55972,"journal":{"name":"Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development","volume":"83 2","pages":"175-183"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/mono.12370","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39986631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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