Biofilm最新文献

{"title":"Eurobiofilms 2022: A translational perspective of biofilm-related persistent infections","authors":"María D. Macià, Elisa Borghi, Antonio Oliver","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207523000655/pdfft?md5=7c65f715af2f40f263698f89b5c88b30&pid=1-s2.0-S2590207523000655-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139293972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the flow behavior around marine biofilms","authors":"Maria J. Romeu ,&nbsp;João M. Miranda ,&nbsp;Ed. D. de Jong ,&nbsp;João Morais ,&nbsp;Vítor Vasconcelos ,&nbsp;Jelmer Sjollema ,&nbsp;Filipe J. Mergulhão","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>In vitro</em> platforms capable of mimicking the hydrodynamic conditions prevailing in natural aquatic environments have been previously validated and used to predict the fouling behavior on different surfaces. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been used to predict the shear forces occurring in these platforms. In general, these predictions are made for the initial stages of biofilm formation, where the amount of biofilm does not affect the flow behavior, enabling the estimation of the shear forces that initial adhering organisms have to withstand. In this work, we go a step further in understanding the flow behavior when a mature biofilm is present in such platforms to better understand the shear rate distribution affecting marine biofilms. Using 3D images obtained by Optical Coherence Tomography, a mesh was produced and used in CFD simulations. Biofilms of two different marine cyanobacteria were developed in agitated microtiter plates incubated at two different shaking frequencies for 7 weeks. The biofilm-flow interactions were characterized in terms of the velocity field and shear rate distribution. Results show that global hydrodynamics imposed by the different shaking frequencies affect biofilm architecture and also that this architecture affects local hydrodynamics, causing a large heterogeneity in the shear rate field. Biofilm cells located in the streamers of the biofilm are subjected to much higher shear values than those located on the bottom of the streamers and this dispersion in shear rate values increases at lower bulk fluid velocities. This heterogeneity in the shear force field may be a contributing factor for the heterogeneous behavior in metabolic activity, growth status, gene expression pattern, and antibiotic resistance often associated with nutrient availability within the biofilm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100204"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000297/pdfft?md5=527afe352f84e94acfe7dfffc337596a&pid=1-s2.0-S2590207524000297-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141291988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiofilm activity of Prevotella species from the cystic fibrosis lung microbiota against Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Lucia Grassi ,&nbsp;Kyle L. Asfahl ,&nbsp;Sara Van den Bossche ,&nbsp;Ine Maenhout ,&nbsp;Andrea Sass ,&nbsp;Yannick Vande Weygaerde ,&nbsp;Eva Van Braeckel ,&nbsp;Bruno Verhasselt ,&nbsp;Jerina Boelens ,&nbsp;Michael M. Tunney ,&nbsp;Ajai A. Dandekar ,&nbsp;Tom Coenye ,&nbsp;Aurélie Crabbé","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is increasingly recognized that interspecies interactions may modulate the pathogenicity of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> during chronic lung infections. Nevertheless, while the interaction between <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and pathogenic microorganisms co-infecting the lungs has been widely investigated, little is known about the influence of other members of the lung microbiota on the infection process. In this study, we focused on investigating the impact of <em>Prevotella</em> species isolated from the sputum of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) on biofilm formation and virulence factor production by <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. Screening of a representative collection of <em>Prevotella</em> species recovered from clinical samples showed that several members of this genus (8 out 10 isolates) were able to significantly reduce biofilm formation of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> PAO1, without impact on growth. Among the tested isolates, the strongest biofilm-inhibitory activity was observed for <em>Prevotella intermedia</em> and <em>Prevotella nigrescens</em>, which caused a reduction of up to 90% in the total biofilm biomass of several <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolates from pwCF. In addition, a strain-specific effect of <em>P. nigrescens</em> on the ability of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> to produce proteases and pyocyanin was observed, with significant alterations in the levels of these virulence factors detected in LasR mutant strains. Overall, these results suggest that non-pathogenic bacteria from the lung microbiota may regulate pathogenicity traits of <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, and possibly affect the outcome of chronic lung infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100206"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000315/pdfft?md5=53284d8ea73d7333e00152e9ef5d2a65&pid=1-s2.0-S2590207524000315-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141322626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative stress responses in biofilms","authors":"Waleska Stephanie da Cruz Nizer,&nbsp;Madison Elisabeth Adams,&nbsp;Kira Noelle Allison,&nbsp;Megan Catherine Montgomery,&nbsp;Hailey Mosher,&nbsp;Edana Cassol,&nbsp;Joerg Overhage","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oxidizing agents are low-molecular-weight molecules that oxidize other substances by accepting electrons from them. They include reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anions (O₂⁻), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and hydroxyl radicals (HO⁻), and reactive chlorine species (RCS) including sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and its active ingredient hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and chloramines. Bacteria encounter oxidizing agents in many different environments and from diverse sources. Among them, they can be produced endogenously by aerobic respiration or exogenously by the use of disinfectants and cleaning agents, as well as by the mammalian immune system. Furthermore, human activities like industrial effluent pollution, agricultural runoff, and environmental activities like volcanic eruptions and photosynthesis are also sources of oxidants. Despite their antimicrobial effects, bacteria have developed many mechanisms to resist the damage caused by these toxic molecules. Previous research has demonstrated that growing as a biofilm particularly enhances bacterial survival against oxidizing agents. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the resistance mechanisms employed by bacterial biofilms against ROS and RCS, focussing on the most important mechanisms, including the formation of biofilms in response to oxidative stressors, the biofilm matrix as a protective barrier, the importance of detoxifying enzymes, and increased protection within multi-species biofilm communities. Understanding the complexity of bacterial responses against oxidative stress will provide valuable insights for potential therapeutic interventions and biofilm control strategies in diverse bacterial species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000285/pdfft?md5=8b8a59489262c80363e8d06d2ebb6fbb&pid=1-s2.0-S2590207524000285-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141094948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of mutanase and dextranase on biofilms of cariogenic bacteria: A systematic review of in vitro studies","authors":"Yumi C. Del Rey ,&nbsp;Hian Parize ,&nbsp;Sahar Assar ,&nbsp;Gerd Göstemeyer ,&nbsp;Sebastian Schlafer","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Matrix-degrading enzymes are promising non-biocidal adjuncts to dental biofilm control and caries prevention. By disrupting the biofilm matrix structure, enzymes may prevent biofilm formation or disperse established biofilms without compromising the microbial homeostasis in the mouth. This study reviewed whether treatment with mutanase and/or dextranase inhibits cariogenic biofilm growth and/or removes cariogenic biofilms <em>in vitro</em>. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and LIVIVO databases. Manual searches were performed to identify additional records. Studies that quantitatively measured the effect of mutanase and/or dextranase on the inhibition/removal of <em>in vitro</em> cariogenic biofilms were considered eligible for inclusion. Out of 809 screened records, 34 articles investigating the effect of dextranase (n = 23), mutanase (n = 10), and/or combined enzyme treatment (n = 7) were included in the review. The overall risk of bias of the included studies was moderate. Most investigations used simple biofilm models based on one or few bacterial species and employed treatment times ≥30 min. The current evidence suggests that mutanase and dextranase, applied as single or combined treatment, are able to both inhibit and remove <em>in vitro</em> cariogenic biofilms. The pooled data indicate that enzymes are more effective for biofilm inhibition than removal, and an overall higher effect of mutanase compared to dextranase was observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000273/pdfft?md5=3184bd6bd7e4cb899319ea1aa2fd440a&pid=1-s2.0-S2590207524000273-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141144635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into the antibiofilm activity and mechanism of Mannosylerythritol Lipid-A against Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e","authors":"Xiayu Liu ,&nbsp;Siyu Liu ,&nbsp;Yuxi Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Shi ,&nbsp;Qihe Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Listeria monocytogenes</em> is one of the leading causative agents of foodborne disease outbreaks worldwide. Herein, the antibiofilm effect and mechanism of Mannosylerythritol Lipid-A against <em>L. monocytogenes</em> EGD-e is reported for the first time. MEL-A effectively attenuated biofilm formation while reducing the viability and motility of bacteria within the biofilm in the early stage, and influenced bacterial adhesion by affecting the secretion of extracellular polysaccharides and eDNA. RT-qPCR revealed that MEL-A significantly suppressed the expression of genes involved in flagellar movement and virulence. Untargeted LC-MS metabolomics indicated that MEL-A affected the fluidity and permeability of cell membranes by significantly upregulating unsaturated fatty acids, lipids and glycoside metabolites, and affected protein biosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism and DNA synthesis and repair by significantly downregulating amino acid metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism. These pathways may constitute the key targets of biofilm formation inhibition by MEL-A. Furthermore, MEL-A showed good removal effects on mature biofilms under different temperatures, different materials and milk. Our data indicated that MEL-A could be used as a novel antibiofilm agent to improve food safety. Our study provides new insights into the possible inhibitory mechanism of MEL-A and the response of <em>L. monocytogenes</em> EGD-e to MEL-A.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100201"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000261/pdfft?md5=f1b0e418cf1852ec6527fc3d1bbf3e94&pid=1-s2.0-S2590207524000261-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140918332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial micro-aggregates as inoculum in animal models of implant-associated infections","authors":"Katrine Top Hartmann ,&nbsp;Regitze Lund Nielsen ,&nbsp;Freja Cecilie Mikkelsen ,&nbsp;Bent Aalbæk ,&nbsp;Mads Lichtenberg ,&nbsp;Tim Holm Jakobsen ,&nbsp;Thomas Bjarnsholt ,&nbsp;Lasse Kvich ,&nbsp;Hanne Ingmer ,&nbsp;Anders Odgaard ,&nbsp;Henrik Elvang Jensen ,&nbsp;Louise Kruse Jensen","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Is it time to rethink the inoculum of animal models of implant-associated infections (IAI)? Traditionally, animal models of IAI are based on inoculation with metabolically active overnight cultures of planktonic bacteria or pre-grown surface-attached biofilms. However, such inoculums do not mimic the clinical initiation of IAI. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a clinically relevant inoculum of low metabolic micro-aggregated bacteria. The porcine <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> strain S54F9 was cultured in Tryptone Soya Broth (TSB) for seven days to facilitate the formation of low metabolic micro-aggregates. Subsequently, the aggregated culture underwent filtration using cell strainers of different pore sizes to separate micro-aggregates. Light microscopy was used to evaluate the aggregate formation and size in the different fractions, while isothermal microcalorimetry was used to disclose a low metabolic activity. The micro-aggregate fraction obtained with filter size 5–15 μm (actual measured mean size 32 μm) was used as inoculum in a porcine implant-associated osteomyelitis (IAO) model and compared to a standard overnight planktonic inoculum and a sham inoculum of 0.9 % saline. The micro-aggregate and planktonic inoculums caused IAO with the re-isolation of <em>S. aureus</em> from soft tissues, bones, and implants. However, compared to their planktonic counterpart, neither of the micro-aggregate inoculated animals showed signs of osteomyelitis, i.e., sequester, osteolysis, and pus at gross inspection. Furthermore, inoculation with low metabolic micro-aggregates resulted in a strong healing response with pronounced osteoid formation, comparable to sham animals. In conclusion, the formation and separation of low metabolic bacterial micro-aggregates into various size fractions is possible, however, planktonic bacteria were still seen in all size fractions. Inoculation with micro-aggregates caused a less-aggressive osteomyelitis i.e. combination of infected tissue and strong healing response. Therefore, the use of low metabolic micro-aggregates could be a relevant inoculum for animal models of less-aggressive and thereby slower developing IAI and add in to our understanding of the host-implant-bacteria interactions in slow-onset low-grade infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S259020752400025X/pdfft?md5=60bfb6f708f5b0db56a8c995af62be27&pid=1-s2.0-S259020752400025X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140951909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of dental material type and masticatory forces on periodontitis-derived subgingival microbiomes","authors":"Carolina Montoya ,&nbsp;Divyashri Baraniya ,&nbsp;Tsute Chen ,&nbsp;Nezar Noor Al-Hebshi ,&nbsp;Santiago Orrego","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Restorative dental materials can frequently extend below the gingival margin, serving as a potential haven for microbial colonization, and altering the local oral microbiome to ignite infection. However, the contribution of dental materials on driving changes of the composition of the subgingival microbiome is under-investigated. This study evaluated the microbiome-modulating properties of three biomaterials, namely resin dental composites (COM), antimicrobial piezoelectric composites (BTO), and hydroxyapatite (HA), using an optimized <em>in vitro</em> subgingival microbiome model derived from patients with periodontal disease. Dental materials were subjected to static or cyclic loading (mastication forces) during biofilm growth. Microbiome composition was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Dysbiosis was measured in terms of subgingival microbial dysbiosis index (SMDI). Biomaterials subjected to cyclic masticatory loads were associated with enhanced biofilm viability except on the antibacterial composite. Biomaterials held static were associated with increased biofilm biomass, especially on HA surfaces. Overall, the microbiome richness (Chao index) was similar for all the biomaterials and loading conditions. However, the microbiome diversity (Shannon index) for the HA beams was significantly different than both composites. In addition, beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences between composites and HA biomaterials, and between both loading conditions (static and cyclic). Under static conditions, microbiomes formed over HA surfaces resulted in increased dysbiosis compared to composites through the enrichment of periopathogens, including <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em>, <em>Porphyromonas endodontalis</em>, and <em>Fretibacterium</em> spp., and depletion of commensals such as <em>Granulicatella</em> and <em>Streptococcus</em> spp. Interestingly, cyclic loading reversed the dysbiosis of microbiomes formed over HA (depletion of periopathogenes) but increased the dysbiosis of microbiomes formed over composites (enrichment of <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em> and <em>Fusobacterim nucleatum</em>). Comparison of species formed on both composites (control and antibacterial) showed some differences. Commercial composites enriched <em>Selenomonas</em> spp. and depleted <em>Campylobacter concisus</em>. Piezoelectric composites effectively controlled the microbiome viability without significantly impacting the species abundance. Findings of this work open new understandings of the effects of different biomaterials on the modulation of oral biofilms and the relationship with oral subgingival infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000248/pdfft?md5=5a8193683ae54ec096672f9e91d77822&pid=1-s2.0-S2590207524000248-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141051980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and proteomic differences in biofilm formation of two Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains in static and dynamic flow environments","authors":"Linda Huijboom ,&nbsp;Parisa Rashtchi ,&nbsp;Marcel Tempelaars ,&nbsp;Sjef Boeren ,&nbsp;Erik van der Linden ,&nbsp;Mehdi Habibi ,&nbsp;Tjakko Abee","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> is a Gram-positive non-motile bacterium capable of producing biofilms that contribute to the colonization of surfaces in a range of different environments. In this study, we compared two strains, WCFS1 and CIP104448, in their ability to produce biofilms in static and dynamic (flow) environments using an in-house designed flow setup. This flow setup enables us to impose a non-uniform flow velocity profile across the well. Biofilm formation occurred at the bottom of the well for both strains, under static and flow conditions, where in the latter condition, CIP104448 also showed increased biofilm formation at the walls of the well in line with the higher hydrophobicity of the cells and the increased initial attachment efficacy compared to WCFS1. Fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy showed open 3D structured biofilms formed under flow conditions, containing live cells and ∼30 % damaged/dead cells for CIP104448, whereas the WCFS1 biofilm showed live cells closely packed together. Comparative proteome analysis revealed minimal changes between planktonic and static biofilm cells of the respective strains suggesting that biofilm formation within 24 h is merely a passive process. Notably, observed proteome changes in WCFS1 and CIP104448 flow biofilm cells indicated similar and unique responses including changes in metabolic activity, redox/electron transfer and cell division proteins for both strains, and myo-inositol production for WCFS1 and oxidative stress response and DNA damage repair for CIP104448 uniquely. Exposure to DNase and protease treatments as well as lethal concentrations of peracetic acid showed highest resistance of flow biofilms. For the latter, CIP104448 flow biofilm even maintained its high disinfectant resistance after dispersal from the bottom and from the walls of the well. Combining all results highlights that <em>L. plantarum</em> biofilm structure and matrix, and physiological state and stress resistance of cells is strain dependent and strongly affected under flow conditions. It is concluded that consideration of effects of flow on biofilm formation is essential to better understand biofilm formation in different settings, including food processing environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000224/pdfft?md5=b3688ae973cd96149f680e1a8e617792&pid=1-s2.0-S2590207524000224-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farnesol repurposing for prevention and treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms","authors":"Li Tan,&nbsp;Rong Ma,&nbsp;Adam J. Katz,&nbsp;Nicole Levi","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> has emerged as a multidrug-resistant (MDR) superbug by causing severe infections, with high mortality rates. The ability of <em>A. baumannii</em> to form biofilms significantly contributes to its persistence in diverse environmental and hospital settings. Here we report that farnesol, an FDA-approved commercial cosmetic and flavoring agent, demonstrates efficacy for both inhibition of biofilm formation, and disruption of established <em>A. baumannii</em> biofilms. Moreover, no resistance to farnesol was observed even after prolonged culture in the presence of sub-inhibitory farnesol doses. Farnesol combats <em>A. baumannii</em> biofilms by direct killing, while also facilitating biofilm detachment. Furthermore, farnesol was safe, and effective, for both prevention and treatment of <em>A. baumannii</em> biofilms in an <em>ex vivo</em> burned human skin model. Since current treatment options for <em>A. baumannii</em> biofilm infections were mainly counted on the combination therapy of last-resort antibiotics, and clearly non-sustainable due to robust MDR phenotype of <em>A. baumannii</em>, we propose that farnesol alone can be repurposed as a highly effective agent for both preventing and treating life-threating biofilm-associated infections of <em>A. baumannii</em> due to its proven safety, convenient topical delivery, and excellent efficiency, plus its superiority of evading resistance development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100198"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000236/pdfft?md5=c7a4880ea218e256e65065845deb01c0&pid=1-s2.0-S2590207524000236-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}