Fibers and Polymers最新文献

{"title":"Thermo-Elastic Response of Laminated Plates Under Thermo-Mechanical Coupling Loads","authors":"Xuejuan Niu,&nbsp;Shiyu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00963-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00963-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the response of fiber-reinforced epoxy composites under thermo-mechanical coupling load conditions. The holding temperature, holding time, and specimen thickness were utilized as variables to design an experimental plan, and various specimens were prepared. A heat gun was employed to supply thermo-mechanical coupling loads onto the specimens, while a thermal imaging system and a digital image correlation machine were utilized to monitor the temperature and strain distributions on the surface of the specimens throughout the process. The thermo-mechanical loads exerted by the heat gun were modeled with the Gaussian methods, and an FE model was established to confirm the accuracy of the heat gun model. Response surface analysis and the changes in the coefficients of thermal conductivities (CTCs) revealed that, among the three variables, the thickness of the specimen had the most significant impact on both the hardness and thermoelastic response, with F-values of 4.16 and 233.05, respectively. The results indicate that with an increase in the thickness of specimens, both hardness and thermoelastic response are significantly improved. In addition, when the thickness is increased by 0.5 mm, the CTC ratio in the <i>x</i> and <i>y</i> directions increased by 32% and 44.4%, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 6","pages":"2529 - 2541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Studies on Curcumin and 5-FU Incorporated Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Cancer Treatment","authors":"Elakkiya Thangaraju,&nbsp;M. D. Bala Kumaran,&nbsp;K. SenthilKannan","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00970-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00970-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study investigates the two types of anticancer drugs, one from natural compound and other from synthetic one which is commercially available. Curcumin, a natural compound which is derived from <i>Curcuma Longa L</i>, is also known as turmeric powder with high anticancer properties and under clinical trial. 5-Fluorouracil is one of the well-established chemotherapeutic synthetic drugs for various types of cancer treatment, including breast, colon, stomach, etc. Electrospinning process is one of the best nanotechnology methods to produce interconnected porous structure and mimics the human extracellular matrix protein which is mainly helpful for drug delivery applications. Poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) ((pHEMA)) is one of the hydrogel polymers which is mainly used for drug delivery application due to its biocompatible nature. The natural drug curcumin (CU) and synthetic drug 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) were loaded into p(HEMA) and electrospun to produce CU encapsulated p(HEMA) and 5-FU encapsulated p(HEMA) nanofibrous scaffold. The CU and 5-FU encapsulated into p(HEMA) substrate was clearly observed in transmission electron microscopy. Naturally, the CU has high antioxidant activity compared to 5-FU which was confirmed by (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. The CU encapsulated p(HEMA) and 5-FU encapsulated p(HEMA) nanofibrous scaffold biocompatibility was checked by MTT assay using mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH 3T3) cell lines. The anticancer activity of both CU encapsulated p(HEMA) and 5-FU encapsulated p(HEMA) nanofibrous scaffold was investigated by MTT assay using human cancer (MCF 7) cell lines. Furthermore, the live–dead assay and DAPI staining supports the MTT assay results and validate apoptosis in MCF 7 cell lines. The in vitro CU encapsulated p(HEMA) and 5-FU encapsulated p(HEMA) nanofibrous scaffold were investigated and found that at the end of 8th day, 86% of CU was released, whereas 88% of 5-FU was released in just 3 days. Hence, these results illustrate that electrospun p(HEMA) nanofibrous scaffold serves as a promising substrate for both CU and 5-FU drugs, opening new avenues for targeted cancer treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 6","pages":"2341 - 2352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrophilic and Soft Kapok Fiber/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Paper-Based Composite Materials with Enhanced Mechanical Properties for Potential Personal Care Products","authors":"Hongchang Wang,&nbsp;Guangbiao Xu,&nbsp;Yan Jiang,&nbsp;Wenzhen Cheng,&nbsp;Liyao Cao","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00977-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00977-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, the widespread use of petroleum-based materials, especially in disposable consumer products, has posed increasing environmental challenges, highlighting the urgent need for biodegradable, bio-based materials. In this study, biodegradable paper-based materials were fabricated using kapok fibers (KF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by wet-laid and hot-press drying processes. The microstructure, pore characteristics, mechanical properties, air permeability, and wettability of the materials were systematically characterized, and the influence of CMC content on these properties was examined. The results showed that CMC significantly affected the pore size and distribution of the KF/CMC materials, with higher CMC content leading to reduced pore size, decreased air permeability, and lower water contact angles, while dynamic spreading time increased. The addition of CMC notably enhanced the tensile strength of the materials under both dry and wet conditions, reaching a maximum tensile strength of 11.29 MPa at a CMC content of 1.8%. Furthermore, they demonstrated excellent flexibility (bending stiffness &lt; 0.25 cN·cm²/cm), more than 76% liquid retention and over 65% degradation rate (30 days). These KF/CMC materials showcase a promising combination of softness, good strength, liquid absorbency, and biodegradability, making them suitable for personal care products. By utilizing natural and renewable raw materials, this study provides a possible alternative to petroleum-based products, contributing to environmental sustainability.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 6","pages":"2519 - 2528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SF6 Plasma Surface Modification of Flax Fibers for Improved Adhesion in Polypropylene Composites","authors":"Anderson Thiago Vasconcelos Veiga,&nbsp;Yuri Ferreira da Silva,&nbsp;Rafael Cordeiro Cavalcante,&nbsp;Renata Antoun Simão","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00949-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00949-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flax fibers have attracted growing interest in the automotive industry as an eco-friendly reinforcement for polymer composites. However, their limited interfacial compatibility with hydrophobic matrices is detrimental to adhesion, a key factor in the composite mechanical behavior. To address this issue, this study investigates the surface modification of flax fibers using sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) plasma. The proposed treatment promotes fiber surface hydrophobization while preserving their bulk properties. The effect of SF₆ plasma treatments on flax fiber adhesion to polypropylene (PP) blends containing post-consumer material is thoroughly examined. The analysis, conducted using scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy, reveals that the plasma treatment induces the etching of amorphous substances present in the fibers, including amorphous cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. Plasma etching in combination with fluorination significantly enhances the adhesion of flax fibers to the PP blend matrix. Notably, the treated fibers exhibit improvements in tensile strength (9%) and elastic modulus (25%) compared to untreated fibers. These findings highlight the potential of SF₆ plasmas as an effective pretreatment method for natural fiber composite reinforcements.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 6","pages":"2569 - 2579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Non-Primary Dyes Based on Absorption Spectra for Color Mixing of Disperse Dyestuffs","authors":"Lingling Hu,&nbsp;Weichao Lu,&nbsp;Zhongjian Li,&nbsp;Yue Liu,&nbsp;Yun Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00953-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00953-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A method is proposed to replicate the spectral curves of standard dyestuffs based on the mixing of absorption spectra between non-primary dyestuffs to quickly screen out the dyestuff components for the matching color of blended dyestuffs, so as to solve the problems of low color matching efficiency and high resource consumption in the dye development process. The relationship between the dye absorption spectra and color was explored first. The screening of non-primary dyes based on spectral and color characteristics of single dyes formed the initial formulation. A computer program implementing the least squares method was then developed to replicate the spectra of 15 different specimen dyes using their blending formulations, and the feasibility of these formulations was assessed by comparing them with the actual dyeing. It was found that 13 formulations could achieve the same color as the specimens under the illuminant D65, and 11 of them did not show any metamer mismatching under any of A and F02 light sources. The Goodness-of-Fit (<i>R</i>_<i>n</i>) values of the spectral curves between all these 11 formulations and their specimens were greater than 0.95. After <i>R</i>_<i>n</i> decreased from 0.95, four formulations showed metamerism, and 2 formulae could not achieve the same color under the illuminant D65. The above results indicated that there was a good correspondence between the consistency of the spectral curves and that of colors, and the method is feasible to match color and avoid metamer mismatching by successfully screening non-primary dyes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 6","pages":"2449 - 2464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization, and Printing Applications of Heterocyclic Pyrimidine Azo Dyes on Polyester Fabrics as Potential Antibacterial Agents","authors":"Hend A. Hekal,&nbsp;Omar M. Hammad,&nbsp;Nasser R. El-Brollosy,&nbsp;Mohamed Abdelraof,&nbsp;Elkhabiry Shaban","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00946-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00946-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We have synthesized and generated a range of bioactive dispersed dyes that may be joined with pyrimidine moieties inside the same construct via an azo linker, thus taking advantage of both compounds’ bioactive properties. Through a straightforward process, the heterocyclic azo-disperse dyes <b>3a–l</b> were produced by diazo coupling aryldiazonium chloride derivatives with 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)amino-6-oxo-4-phenyl-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile <b>(2)</b> in good yields. Mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis, FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, and ¹³C-NMR characterized and confirmed the newly synthesized compounds’ structures. The color characteristics of the dyes and their fastness properties, such as resistance to washing, perspiration, light, and rubbing, were evaluated. The antibacterial efficacy of the printed fabrics was assessed using the colony-forming unit (CFU) method. The bioassay outcomes showed that some targeted compounds have moderate to excellent antibacterial activity (in vitro). The activity of the synthesized azo dye molecules and their dyes-loaded polyester fabrics was evaluated against clinically important bacterial pathogens. According to our data, the electron-withdrawing groups in compounds <b>3b</b>, <b>3d</b>, <b>3i</b>, and <b>3 k</b> showed comparatively great activity with significantly lower MIC values. Furthermore, the printed sample infused with azo dyes demonstrated an inhibitory efficacy against all bacterial infections, indicating their potential for use in textiles intended in medical materials.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 6","pages":"2409 - 2425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12221-025-00946-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Wearable Superhydrophobic Cotton Fabric with Microwave Absorption Performance Utilizing Nanostructured Composites","authors":"Keting Li,&nbsp;Lihui Xu,&nbsp;Hong Pan,&nbsp;Yong Shen","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00957-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00957-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wearable functional textiles have drawn extensive attention in a wide range of industries due to their distinctive advantages. Unfortunately, conventionally developed microwave-absorbing textiles are generally limited in practical applications because of their subpar performance in terms of stability and poor durability. Superhydrophobic and microwave absorption multifunctional cotton fabrics were produced based on nanostructured CuS/reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/cellulose nanofiber (CNF) composites combined with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). When the CuS/RGO/CNF composites and PDMS concentration is 5 wt% and 2 wt%, respectively, the WCA value is 155.6°. With a minimal thickness of 3.0 mm, it achieves a minimum reflection loss (RL_min) of –32.90 dB and boasts a broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB). This performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of conduction loss, interface polarization loss, and the surface roughness topography of the fabric. The combination of high-efficiency microwave absorption, superhydrophobicity, and excellent durability makes treated cotton fabrics a highly promising candidate for a wide range of applications. These characteristics make microwave absorption cotton fabrics a promising contender in various fields with great potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 6","pages":"2397 - 2408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Effects of Applying Gamma Irradiation as a Pre-treatment to Cotton Printed Fabric","authors":"Özlem Demir Günenç,&nbsp;Arzu Yavaş","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00955-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00955-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gamma rays are ionizing rays that can strip electrons from atoms or molecules as they pass through matter. When gamma rays are used in textiles, the highly reactive free radicals formed after irradiation combine with the surrounding material. Gamma radiation is used to enhance dyeing processes, modify the mechanical properties of textiles, and minimize the environmental impact of production methods. Although there are some studies on the use of gamma radiation in wastewater treatment, dyeing process in the textile industry, its use as a pretreatment method for printing processes represents an important innovation and the primary contribution of this study.</p><p>In this study, the effect of gamma rays on the color efficiency and strength of cellulosic fabrics especially printed fabrics was investigated. Cotton fabrics were irradiated at varying doses ranging from 0.5 to 150 kGy. The fabrics irradiated at all doses were first dyed. Then, only the fabrics irradiated at doses of 5–40–150 kGy were printed. SEM and FTIR analysis, tensile and tear strength, washing, and rubbing fastness tests were performed on the irradiated samples. Color efficiencies of dyed and printed samples were measured.</p><p>The fabric’s tensile strength, tear strength, rubbing, and washing fastness changed slightly at the lower doses due to the effect of Co-60 gamma radiation. As the irradiation dose increased, color efficiency was not increased, and the strength was negatively affected. In SEM images, it was observed that radiation-induced surface modifications were made on the surface of the fabrics. The FTIR spectra revealed a rise in the absorbance of hydroxyl groups. These results also show that irradiation causes degradation. It was concluded that there was an increase in color efficiency in samples irradiated at low doses. This increase shows that similar color intensity can be achieved using less dye. This can reduce dye consumption, alleviate the environmental burden, and contributing to a more sustainable production process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 6","pages":"2465 - 2480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12221-025-00955-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Modification of PDMS on Clothing Fabric to Achieve Antifouling Performance","authors":"Jingli Zeng,&nbsp;Jiansong Fang","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00960-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00960-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fiber fabrics that are practical and functional can attract more and more attention. However, a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of fiber fabrics make them highly hydrophilic, absorbent, and easy-to-absorb stains and impurities, which limits their practicality, functionality and durability. In this work, bisamino-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and epoxysilane coupling agent (GPS) were used as flexible protecting materials. Using ZnO nanoparticles as fillers, GPS/PDMS/ZnO composite modified fiber cloth with high coating transparency, high hydrophobicity, self-cleaning feature and ultraviolet (UV) resistance was prepared by constructing a surface coating. Through the ZnO surface enrichment effect, effective coarseness was formed on the surface of the composite coating. When the ZnO content is 5 wt%, the water contact angle of composite coating-modified cloth surface can reach 160.2 ± 5.3°, showing superhydrophobicity. Under UV irradiation for 12 h and water droplet erosion for 24 h, the surface of the modified fiber cloth cannot be damaged or wrinkled, and it can still maintain good self-cleaning performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 6","pages":"2387 - 2396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Antistatic Properties of Montmorillonite/TiO2 Preparation and Finishing of Polyester Fabric","authors":"Jiani Wu,&nbsp;Junjie Tang,&nbsp;Chengling Sui,&nbsp;Zhengjiang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00959-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00959-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Firstly, nano-TiO₂/montmorillonite was prepared by sol–gel method using tetrabutyl titanate and montmorillonite as primary raw materials and then finished on polyester fabric by impregnation method to give it specific antistatic properties. The properties of this TiO₂/montmorillonite/polyester composite were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the surface morphology of the fabric was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, and then the antistatic property, whiteness, permeability, and breaking strength of the finished polyester fabric were tested. The results show that the resistivity of the finished polyester fabric is less than 0.01 × 10⁵ Ω, which is six orders of magnitude lower than that of the original fabric, and the electrostatic voltage is also greatly reduced, reaching 39 V, indicating that the polyester fabric finished by TiO₂/montmorillonite has good antistatic properties, which may be the result of the synergistic action of montmorillonite and TiO₂. In addition, the breaking strength, whiteness, and air permeability of the finished fabric only decreased slightly, which had little effect on the performance of the polyester fabric. This study shows that low-cost montmorillonite powder has excellent potential as a fabric finishing agent, and also provides new suggestions for fabric modification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 6","pages":"2375 - 2386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}