Effect of Microwave Assisted Chemical Recycling Process on Surface Properties and Mechanical Performance of Recycled Carbon Fiber

IF 2.3 4区工程技术 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, TEXTILES

Fibers and Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI:10.1007/s12221-025-01103-y

Mohd Shadab Ansari, Sunny Zafar, Himanshu Pathak, Anoop Anand

{"title":"Effect of Microwave Assisted Chemical Recycling Process on Surface Properties and Mechanical Performance of Recycled Carbon Fiber","authors":"Mohd Shadab Ansari, Sunny Zafar, Himanshu Pathak, Anoop Anand","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-01103-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite waste was recycled using the microwave-assisted chemical recycling (MACR) technique. The technique comprises the use of green chemicals (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>3</sub>COOH) in equal proportions coupled with microwave heating at 720 W for 180 s in a step as the optimum parameters. The recycling resulted in a 99% epoxy degradation rate with an 8.20% decline in ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and 29% increment in interfacial shear strength (IFSS) for the recycled carbon fiber (RCF). The scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) scan showed a slight increase in surface asperities on the RCF surface confirming minimal damage post recycling. Surface roughness and mechanical properties correlation for RCF showed that <i>R</i><sub>a</sub> value of 3.85 nm was optimal at which both UTS and IFSS for RCFs were optimum. The X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS) analysis showed the attachment of polar functional groups (COOH, C–O–C/C–O) and an increase in oxygen content on RCF confirming oxidation of the RCF during recycling. Additionally, the energy consumed during recycling was found to be 6.23 MJ/kg of CFRP waste, making it a sustainable and highly energy-efficient technique compared to various existing recycling methods.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 10","pages":"4195 - 4207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fibers and Polymers","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12221-025-01103-y","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, TEXTILES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this work, the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite waste was recycled using the microwave-assisted chemical recycling (MACR) technique. The technique comprises the use of green chemicals (H₂O₂ and CH₃COOH) in equal proportions coupled with microwave heating at 720 W for 180 s in a step as the optimum parameters. The recycling resulted in a 99% epoxy degradation rate with an 8.20% decline in ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and 29% increment in interfacial shear strength (IFSS) for the recycled carbon fiber (RCF). The scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) scan showed a slight increase in surface asperities on the RCF surface confirming minimal damage post recycling. Surface roughness and mechanical properties correlation for RCF showed that R_a value of 3.85 nm was optimal at which both UTS and IFSS for RCFs were optimum. The X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS) analysis showed the attachment of polar functional groups (COOH, C–O–C/C–O) and an increase in oxygen content on RCF confirming oxidation of the RCF during recycling. Additionally, the energy consumed during recycling was found to be 6.23 MJ/kg of CFRP waste, making it a sustainable and highly energy-efficient technique compared to various existing recycling methods.

Graphical Abstract

查看原文本刊更多论文

微波辅助化学回收工艺对再生碳纤维表面性能和力学性能的影响

采用微波辅助化学回收（MACR）技术对碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）复合材料废弃物进行回收。该技术包括使用绿色化学物质（H2O2和CH3COOH）以等比例，并以720 W微波加热180 s为最佳参数。回收后的碳纤维（RCF）的环氧树脂降解率为99%，极限抗拉强度（UTS）下降8.20%，界面抗剪强度（IFSS）增加29%。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）扫描显示，RCF表面的表面粗糙度略有增加，证实了回收后的最小损伤。RCF的表面粗糙度与力学性能的相关性表明，Ra值为3.85 nm时，RCF的UTS和IFSS均为最佳。x射线光电子显微镜（XPS）分析显示，极性官能团（COOH, C-O - c / C-O）附着在RCF上，氧含量增加，证实了RCF在回收过程中氧化。此外，回收过程中消耗的能量为6.23兆焦耳/千克CFRP废物，与现有的各种回收方法相比，这是一种可持续和高效节能的技术。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Fibers and Polymers 工程技术-材料科学：纺织

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

8.00%

发文量

267

审稿时长

3.9 months

期刊介绍： -Chemistry of Fiber Materials, Polymer Reactions and Synthesis- Physical Properties of Fibers, Polymer Blends and Composites- Fiber Spinning and Textile Processing, Polymer Physics, Morphology- Colorants and Dyeing, Polymer Analysis and Characterization- Chemical Aftertreatment of Textiles, Polymer Processing and Rheology- Textile and Apparel Science, Functional Polymers