Auris Nasus Larynx最新文献

{"title":"A Nationwide survey of safety protocols and chemosensory assessments by Japanese clinicians pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Ayaho Yoshino ,&nbsp;Ryosuke Murakami ,&nbsp;Kei Hosoya ,&nbsp;Taro Komachi ,&nbsp;Eri Mori ,&nbsp;Tomomi Nin ,&nbsp;Mehmet K. Mahmut ,&nbsp;Kimihiro Okubo","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>There has been an increase of attention and awareness of smell and taste loss due to the impact of COVID-19. However, little is known about the influence of COVID-19 on the number of psychophysical tests performed, the timing of these tests, or the protection protocols employed to protect against virus transmission.</p><p>This study aimed to explore the changes in examination approaches, types of tests employed, and safety measures adopted by clinicians before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A survey was distributed to 404 institutes of the Oto-Rhino Laryngological Society of Japan, consisting of otolaryngologists working in university hospitals, general hospitals, and private clinics. The anonymous online survey contained questions related to safety measures and chemosensory assessments performed before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, participants were queried on the number and types of examinations conducted, the type of examiners who performed them, the timing of tests in suspected and non-suspected COVID-19 cases, modifications made due to the pandemic, and the protective measures adopted during chemosensory examinations.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 201 respondents, representing a 50 % response rate, 49 % were from general hospitals, 48 % from university hospitals, and 3 % from private clinics. The study found a slight decrease in the overall number of chemosensory tests conducted post-COVID-19. In terms of who performed the test, there were no differences pre- and post- COVID-19. Most examinations (52–68 %) for suspected COVID-19 cases were performed 1–2 months after the onset of symptoms. Modifications in testing rooms and personal protective equipment (PPE) were reported by the majority of institutions post-pandemic. While different examination rooms or PPE were not commonly used based on a patient's previous COVID-19 diagnosis, changes were observed in testing practices. Most examinations were conducted in rooms with windows or fans, and PPE usage was high; surgical masks, eye visors or face shields, and disposable gloves being commonly used. Virus transmission from patient to examiner was reported in only one case during T&amp;T olfactometer examination.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of olfactory and gustatory tests performed, the type of examiner, the examination room, and the use of PPE and found no significant difference before and after the COVID-19 pandemic on these factors. Adherence to a protection protocol involving the proper use of PPE in controlled environments enabled the continuation of olfactory and gustatory tests during the pandemic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 640-646"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140552615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sinonasal manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangiitis: A retrospective analysis","authors":"Kaori Tateyama,&nbsp;Shingo Umemoto,&nbsp;Shohei Iwano,&nbsp;Takashi Hirano,&nbsp;Masashi Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to examine the characteristics of nasal and imaging findings of sinonasal lesions in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) patients and how these lesions change over time in both the active and remission phases of the disease.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We retrospectively reviewed GPA patients with sinonasal lesions who were followed up at our department between January 2005 and December 2020. The following data were collected: age, sex, symptoms at initial presentation, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) type, and histopathological, nasal (initial and follow-up), and imaging (initial and follow-up) findings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study included 17 patients with GPA aged 30 to 79 years. Computed tomography (CT) of the sinuses showed mucosal thickening in 16 patients, bone thickening in 12, bone destruction in 4, and an orbital invasion mass in 3 at the time of diagnosis. After initiating treatment, mucosal thickening of the sinuses improved in 3 of 16 patients and remained unchanged in 13. Bone thickening at the time of diagnosis remained unchanged in 10 of 12 patients and worsened in 2; 1 patient displayed newly developed bone thickening. Destructive nasal findings on CT were positive for proteinase 3-ANCA.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our study revealed that mucosal thickening, bone thickening, bone destruction, and orbital invasion mass were major CT findings in patients with GPA. Intranasal findings such as granulations, crusting, and necrosis were seen in the active phase; moreover, saddle nose, loss of turbinate, and nasal septal perforation were subsequently seen in the course of the disease. Sinonasal findings of GPA vary depending on the disease stage and period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 625-630"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0385814624000415/pdfft?md5=c67a2e05bd257a61f40c6a2cf4b39106&pid=1-s2.0-S0385814624000415-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140552612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-earthquake dizziness and its psychiatric comorbidities among adolescents following the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Turkey","authors":"Seda Bozduman Çelebi ,&nbsp;Berhan Akdağ","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, have detrimental effects on mental health. The occurrence of dizziness following earthquakes, termed post-earthquake dizziness syndrome (PEDS), has been noted in the epicenter and surrounding areas. The current study aimed to explore the prevalence of PEDS and its association with psychiatric disorders among adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The sample consisted of 100 adolescents, aged 10–17 years, who had no history of vertigo or dizziness and were treated at a child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the aftermath of the earthquake, 68.0% of the adolescents reported experiencing PEDS. A higher prevalence of PEDS was found among female adolescents compared to males. The most frequently reported symptom of PEDS was a sensation of ground shaking, typically experienced indoors within a week following the earthquake. Unpaired <em>t</em>-test analysis revealed that adolescents with PEDS had significantly higher scores on scales measuring panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder compared to those without PEDS.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In summary, the findings highlight the potential association between PEDS and psychiatric disorders in adolescents. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive, necessitating further research to elucidate the connections between PEDS and psychiatric conditions for more effective treatment strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 636-639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140552614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Withdrawal notice to “Authors’ reply to: Comment on the article by Dr. Georgios P. Skandalakis: Patient-specific virtual and mixed reality for immersive, experiential anatomy education and for surgical planning in temporal bone surgery” [Auris Nasus Larynx 49 (2022) 164-164]","authors":"Taku Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 3","pages":"Page 623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0385814624000373/pdfft?md5=3c8986ce24a5c7f625d4e768b44a27ec&pid=1-s2.0-S0385814624000373-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140843507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the number of otolaryngologic surgeries in Japan","authors":"Megumi Koizumi ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Ohbe ,&nbsp;Sayaka Suzuki ,&nbsp;Yohei Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Hiroki Matsui ,&nbsp;Kiyohide Fushimi ,&nbsp;Tatsuya Yamasoba ,&nbsp;Hideo Yasunaga","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Previous studies show that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the number of surgeries performed. However, data on the association between the COVID-19 pandemic and otolaryngologic surgeries according to subspecialties are lacking. This study was performed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on various types of otolaryngologic surgeries. Methods. We retrospectively identified patients who underwent otolaryngologic surgeries from April 2018 to February 2021 using a Japanese national inpatient database. We performed interrupted time-series analyses before and after April 2020 to evaluate the number of otolaryngologic surgeries performed. The Japanese government declared its first state of emergency during the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We obtained data on 348,351 otolaryngologic surgeries. Interrupted time-series analysis showed a significant decrease in the number of overall otolaryngologic surgeries in April 2020 (-3619 surgeries per month; 95% confidence interval, -5555 to -1683; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Removal of foreign bodies and head and neck cancer surgery were not affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the post-COVID-19 period, the number of otolaryngologic surgeries, except for ear and upper airway surgeries, increased significantly. The number of tracheostomies and peritonsillar abscess incisions did not significantly decrease during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a decrease in the overall number of otolaryngologic surgeries, but the trend differed among subspecialties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 617-622"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140332785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of electroneurography using the midline method for predicting the development of synkinesis after peripheral facial palsy","authors":"Aishi Okazaki ,&nbsp;Haruki Nakano ,&nbsp;Shin-Ichi Haginomori ,&nbsp;Yusuke Ayani ,&nbsp;Yuko Inaka ,&nbsp;Akiko Ozaki ,&nbsp;Yusuke Kikuoka ,&nbsp;Takaki Inui ,&nbsp;Ayumi Nakazawa ,&nbsp;Shin-Ichi Wada ,&nbsp;Ryo Kawata","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The prognostic value of electroneurography (ENoG) for predicting the incidence of synkinesis is reportedly about 40 % using the formal standard method (ENoG-SM). However, the prognostic value of ENoG using the newly developed midline method (ENoG-MM) has not been determined. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the optimal prognostic value and advantages of ENoG-MM for predicting the incidence of synkinesis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants were 573 patients treated for peripheral facial palsy including Bell's palsy or Ramsay Hunt syndrome. We investigated the clinical presence of any oral-ocular or ocular-oral synkinesis from the medical records. ENoG-MM and ENoG-SM were performed 10–14 days after symptom onset. In ENoG-MM, compound muscle action potentials were recorded by placing the anode on the mental protuberance and the cathode on the philtrum. In ENoG-SM, electrodes were placed on the nasolabial fold. Synkinesis was clinically assessed at the end of follow-up or at &gt;1 year after onset. The sensitivity and specificity of ENoG values for predicting the incidence of synkinesis were compared between ENoG-MM and ENoG-SM at every 5 % around 40 % (range, 30–50 %).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At every 5 % of ENoG values around 40 %, ENoG-MM provided higher sensitivity and lower specificity for predicting the incidence of synkinesis compared with ENoG-SM. In particular, when the cut-off value was set at 45 %, sensitivity was 100 % and 95.3 % with ENoG-MM and ENoG-SM, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In peripheral facial palsy, ENoG-MM offered higher sensitivity than ENoG-SM for predicting synkinesis. ENoG-MM is useful for screening patients at risk of developing synkinesis. In clinical practice, an ENoG-MM cut-off value of 45 % must be the optimal prognostic value because of the 100 % sensitivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 599-604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140321261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness: A functional neuro-otologic disorder","authors":"Chihiro Yagi,&nbsp;Akira Kimura,&nbsp;Arata Horii","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2023.12.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2023.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a functional neuro-otologic disorder that is the most frequent cause of chronic vestibular syndrome. The core vestibular symptoms include dizziness, unsteadiness, and non-spinning vertigo, which are exacerbated by an upright posture or walking, active or passive motion, and exposure to moving or complex visual stimuli. PPPD is mostly precipitated by acute or episodic vestibular diseases; however, its symptoms cannot be accounted for by its precipitants. PPPD is not a diagnosis of exclusion, but may coexist with other structural diseases. Thus, when diagnosing PPPD, the patient's symptoms must be explained by PPPD alone or by PPPD in combination with a structural illness. PPPD is most frequently observed at approximately 50 years of age, with a female predominance. Conventional vestibular tests do not reveal any specific signs of PPPD. However, the head roll-tilt subjective visual vertical test and gaze stability test after exposure to moving visual stimuli may detect the characteristic features of PPPD, that is, somatosensory- and visually-dependent spatial orientation, respectively. Therefore, these tests could be used as diagnostic tools for PPPD. Regarding the pathophysiology of PPPD, neuroimaging studies suggest shifts in interactions among visuo-vestibular, sensorimotor, and emotional networks, where visual inputs dominate over vestibular inputs. Postural control also shifts, leading to the stiffening of the lower body. To treat PPPD, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors/serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, vestibular rehabilitation, and cognitive behavioral therapy are used alone or in combination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 588-598"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140321260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in Otology: Current landscape and future direction","authors":"Makoto Hosoya ,&nbsp;Sho Kurihara ,&nbsp;Hajime Koyama ,&nbsp;Noritaka Komune","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hearing is an essential sensation, and its deterioration leads to a significant decrease in the quality of life. Thus, great efforts have been made by otologists to preserve and recover hearing.</p><p>Our knowledge regarding the field of otology has progressed with advances in technology, and otologists have sought to develop novel approaches in the field of otologic surgery to achieve higher hearing recovery or preservation rates. This requires knowledge regarding the anatomy of the temporal bone and the physiology of hearing. Basic research in the field of otology has progressed with advances in molecular biology and genetics.</p><p>This review summarizes the current views and recent advances in the field of otology and otologic surgery, especially from the viewpoint of young Japanese clinician-scientists, and presents the perspectives and future directions for several topics in the field of otology. This review will aid next-generation researchers in understanding the recent advances and future challenges in the field of otology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 605-616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140321276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of cricotracheostomy with skin and tracheal membrane flaps for severe COVID-19 patients","authors":"Kosuke Tochigi ,&nbsp;Hikaru Sakamoto ,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Omura ,&nbsp;Hisashi Kessoku ,&nbsp;Teppei Takeda ,&nbsp;Ryoji Oguro ,&nbsp;Hiromi Kojima ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Airway surgery is performed for COVID-19 patients who require long-term tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Tracheostomy sometimes causes postoperative complications represented by bleeding at a relatively high rate in COVID-19 patients. As an alternative surgical procedure to tracheostomy, cricotracheostomy may reduce these complications, but few studies have examined its safety.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data were retrospectively collected for sixteen COVID-19 patients (11 underwent tracheostomy, 5 underwent modified cricotracheostomy). In addition to patients’ backgrounds and blood test data, the frequency of complications and additional care required for postoperative complications were collected. Statistical analysis was conducted by the univariate analysis of Fischer analysis and Mann–Whitney U test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Five cases experienced postoperative bleeding, four cases experienced peristomal infection, and one case experienced subcutaneous emphysema in the tracheostomy patients. These complications were not observed in the cricotracheostomy patients. The number of additional cares for postoperative complications was significantly lower in cricotracheostomy than in tracheostomy patients (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Modified cricotracheostomy could be a safe procedure in airway surgery for patients with COVID-19 from the point of fewer postoperative complications and additional care. It might be necessary to select the cricotracheostomy depending on patients’ background to reduce postoperative complications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 583-587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140321262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical guide for the diagnosis and management of primary ciliary dyskinesia","authors":"Kazuhiko Takeuchi ,&nbsp;Miki Abo ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Date ,&nbsp;Shimpei Gotoh ,&nbsp;Atsushi Kamijo ,&nbsp;Takeshi Kaneko ,&nbsp;Naoto Keicho ,&nbsp;Satoru Kodama ,&nbsp;Goro Koinuma ,&nbsp;Mitsuko Kondo ,&nbsp;Sawako Masuda ,&nbsp;Eri Mori ,&nbsp;Kozo Morimoto ,&nbsp;Mizuho Nagao ,&nbsp;Atsuko Nakano ,&nbsp;Kaname Nakatani ,&nbsp;Naoya Nishida ,&nbsp;Tomoki Nishikido ,&nbsp;Hirotatsu Ohara ,&nbsp;Yosuke Okinaka ,&nbsp;Shigeharu Fujieda","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a relatively rare genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in 20,000 people. Approximately 50 genes are currently known to cause PCD. In light of differences in causative genes and the medical system in Japan compared with other countries, a practical guide was needed for the diagnosis and management of Japanese PCD patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An ad hoc academic committee was organized under the Japanese Rhinologic Society to produce a practical guide, with participation by committee members from several academic societies in Japan. The practical guide including diagnostic criteria for PCD was approved by the Japanese Rhinologic Society, Japanese Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Japanese Respiratory Society, and Japanese Society of Pediatric Pulmonology.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The diagnostic criteria for PCD consist of six clinical features, six laboratory findings, differential diagnosis, and genetic testing. The diagnosis of PCD is categorized as definite, probable, or possible PCD based on a combination of the four items above. Diagnosis of definite PCD requires exclusion of cystic fibrosis and primary immunodeficiency, at least one of the six clinical features, and a positive result for at least one of the following: (1) Class 1 defect on electron microscopy of cilia, (2) pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in a PCD-related gene, or (3) impairment of ciliary motility that can be repaired by correcting the causative gene variants in iPS cells established from the patient's peripheral blood cells.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This practical guide provides clinicians with useful information for the diagnosis and management of PCD in Japan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 553-568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0385814624000166/pdfft?md5=f2abe3cd797c25551f481310b5c83ab3&pid=1-s2.0-S0385814624000166-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140296611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}