Auris Nasus Larynx最新文献

{"title":"Outcomes of laryngeal framework surgeries for unilateral vocal cord paralysis in the elderly patients","authors":"Yo Kishimoto,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Kawai,&nbsp;Shintaro Fujimura,&nbsp;Koichi Omori","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Laryngeal framework surgery is a widely accepted treatment for unilateral vocal fold paralysis with good functional outcomes. Recently, with the aging of the population, opportunities to perform this procedure in elderly patients have increased; however, the safety and efficacy of this procedure in elderly patients has not been established. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the safety and functional outcomes of laryngeal framework surgery in elderly patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Between January 2008 and December 2017, 97 patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis underwent laryngeal framework surgery, and 71 among them completed pre- and post-operative voice function evaluations. The clinical course of these 71 patients were retrospectively reviewed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 71 patients, 35 were assigned to the younger group (&lt; 65 years) and 36 to the elderly group (≥ 65 years). Complications included post-operative edema and submucosal hematoma that were safely managed in all cases, and no differences were identified between the groups. Significant improvements were observed in maximum phonation time (MPT), mean flow rate, alternating current/direct current ratio, pitch perturbation quotient, amplitude perturbation quotient, and noise-to-harmonic ratio in both groups, and multivariate analysis of variance revealed greater improvement in the younger group in MPT.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Laryngeal framework surgeries for unilateral vocal fold paralysis are safe and effective, regardless of age. Better improvement was observed in the younger group in the MPT suggesting that the effects of laryngeal framework surgeries is more likely to be present in the younger group than in the elderly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 703-707"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of 18F- fluorodeoxyglucose uptake with the expression of metabolism-related molecules in papillary thyroid cancer","authors":"Tomomi Yoshikawa,&nbsp;Kazuhira Endo,&nbsp;Makiko Moriyama-Kita,&nbsp;Takayoshi Ueno,&nbsp;Yosuke Nakanishi,&nbsp;Hirotomo Dochi,&nbsp;Daisuke Uno,&nbsp;Satoru Kondo,&nbsp;Tomokazu Yoshizaki","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT) is a diagnostic imaging method that is based on the Warburg effect, which is the increased uptake of glucose through aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. The diagnostic value of ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT for thyroid cancer is controversial. However, uptake of ¹⁸F-FDG and the corresponding maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) is expected to reflect the metabolic status of cancer cells. In the present study, we sought to determine the relationship between ¹⁸F-FDG uptake and tumor metabolism- associated factors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a single-center retrospective study. In the present study, SUVmax was compared with the expression of hexokinase 2 (HK2), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and glutaminase 1 (GLS1) in 41 patients with thyroid cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>GLS1 expression was found to be moderately correlated with SUVmax (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, <em>r</em> = 0.51), whereas HK2 and VEGF expression were weakly correlated (<em>p</em> = 0.011, <em>r</em> = 0.28, <em>p</em> = 0.008, <em>r</em> = 0.29, respectively) and GLUT1 did not correlate with SUVmax (<em>p</em> = 0.62, <em>r</em> = 0.06).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT reflects GLS1 expression in thyroid cancer and could be used to select suitable candidates for GLS1 inhibitor treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 696-702"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140901273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy for head and neck cancer: Fundamentals and therapeutic development","authors":"Susumu Okano","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) has been treated by multidisciplinary therapy consisting of surgery, radiotherapy, and cancer chemotherapy, but the recent advent of immunotherapy has produced significant changes in treatment systems and the results of these therapies. Immunotherapy has greatly improved the outcome of recurrent metastatic SCCHN, and the development of new treatment methods based on immunotherapy is now being applied not only to recurrent metastatic cases but also to locally advanced cases.</p><p>To understand and practice cancer immunotherapy, it is important to understand the immune environment surrounding cancer, and the changes to which it is subject. Currently, the anti-PD-1 antibody drugs nivolumab and pembrolizumab are the only immunotherapies with proven efficacy in head and neck cancer. However, anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibody drugs have also been shown to be useful in other types of cancer and are being incorporated into clinical practice.</p><p>In head and neck cancer, numerous clinical trials have aimed to improve efficacy and safety by combining immunotherapy with other drug therapies and treatment modalities. Combinations of immunotherapy with cancer drugs with different mechanisms of action (cytotoxic agents, molecular-targeted agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors), as well as with radiation therapy and surgery are being investigated, and have the potential to significantly change medical care for these patients. The application of cancer immunotherapy not only to daily clinical practice but also to further therapeutic development requires a clear and complete understanding of the fundamentals of cancer immunotherapy, and knowledge of the numerous clinical studies conducted, both past and present. The results of these trials are numerous, both positive and negative, and a comprehensive understanding of this wide range of completed and ongoing clinical trials is critical to a systematic and comprehensive understanding of their scope and lessons learnt.</p><p>In this article, after outlining the concepts of ``cancer immune cycle,'' ``cancer immune editing,'' and ``tumor microenvironment'' to provide an understanding of the basics of cancer immunity, we summarize the basics and clinical trial data on representative immune checkpoint inhibitors used in various cancer types, as well as recent therapeutic developments in cancer immunotherapy and the current status of these new treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 684-695"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140901272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"List of Reviewers(2023)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0385-8146(24)00054-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0385-8146(24)00054-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages iii-v"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140843505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Announcement SPIO Award 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0385-8146(24)00055-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0385-8146(24)00055-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 3","pages":"Page vi"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140843506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurolymphomatosis diagnosed after a recurrence of facial palsy","authors":"Yuichi Shimizu,&nbsp;Yuta Kobayashi,&nbsp;Yuho Sato,&nbsp;Hiroki Tozuka,&nbsp;Kiyoshi Oda,&nbsp;Ken-ichi Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is a rare complication of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, characterized by the infiltration of lymphoma cells into the peripheral nerves. A 54-year-old woman initially presented with right facial palsy without any other significant symptoms and was diagnosed with Bell's palsy. Despite initial improvement, her condition recurred, prompting further evaluation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed contrast enhancement from the tympanic segment to the surface of the masseter muscle along the right facial nerve and an adjacent mass lesion. Biopsy of the mass revealed a diagnosis of T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma. Chemotherapy resulted in complete resolution of facial palsy. Follow-up MRI confirmed the absence of contrast enhancement along the facial nerve. Facial palsy was considered to be caused by NL. This case was classified as that of primary NL because the facial palsy was the first manifestation of a hematologic malignancy. Recurrent facial palsy, which is atypical in Bell's palsy, led to further evaluation with MRI, which finally resulted in the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. In cases of recurrent facial palsy, clinicians should consider various diagnoses, including that of NL, and advocate early imaging tests and biopsy, if possible, for accurate diagnosis and improved outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 680-683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140822323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning application in otology","authors":"Hajime Koyama","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review presents a comprehensive history of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the context of the revolutionary application of machine learning (ML) to medical research and clinical utilization, particularly for the benefit of researchers interested in the application of ML in otology. To this end, we discuss the key components of ML—input, output, and algorithms. In particular, some representation algorithms commonly used in medical research are discussed. Subsequently, we review ML applications in otology research, including diagnosis, influential identification, and surgical outcome prediction. In the context of surgical outcome prediction, specific surgical treatments, including cochlear implantation, active middle ear implantation, tympanoplasty, and vestibular schwannoma resection, are considered. Finally, we highlight the obstacles and challenges that need to be overcome in future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 666-673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0385814624000439/pdfft?md5=e9d7bd6a2bbd9a564cd90e05c1671a09&pid=1-s2.0-S0385814624000439-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140822310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Listening handicap in tinnitus patients with normal extended high frequencies from the perspective of the autonomic nervous system–Effort or fatigue?","authors":"Eser Sendesen,&nbsp;Meral Didem Türkyılmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>In previous studies, the results regarding the presence of listening effort or fatigue in tinnitus patients were inconsistent. The reason for this inconsistency could be that extended high frequencies, which can cause listening handicap, were not within normal limits. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the listening skills in tinnitus patients by matching the normal hearing thresholds at all frequencies, including the extended high frequency.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eighteen chronic tinnitus patients and thirty matched healthy controls having normal pure-tone average with symmetrical hearing thresholds was included. Subjects were evaluated with 0.125–20 kHz pure-tone audiometry, Montreal cognitive assessment test (MoCA), Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Matrix Test, Pupillometry.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Pupil dilatation in the 'coding' phase of the sentence presented in tinnitus patients was less than in the control group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). There was no difference between the groups for Matrix test scores (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) Also, there was no statistically significant correlation between THI and Pupillometry components nor between MoCA (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Even though tinnitus patients had normal hearing in the range of 0.125–20 kHz, their autonomic nervous system responses during listening differed from healthy subjects. This difference was interpreted for potential listening fatigue in tinnitus patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 659-665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140822311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The quality of life outcome in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer treated using chemoradiotherapy","authors":"Kazuya Tsukada ,&nbsp;Yutomo Seino,&nbsp;Taku Yamashita","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Organ preservation is a goal of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) treatment. chemoradiotherapy remains one of the main treatment options and is widely recognized as a method with organ-preserving potential and outcomes comparable to those of surgery. However, few studies have investigated the quality of life (QOL) of patients with HNSCC treated using chemoradiotherapy, therefore, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate how QOL changes pre and post-chemoradiotherapy.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We evaluated QOL outcomes in patients who underwent initial radical chemoradiotherapy for HNSCC at the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Kitasato University Hospital from 2018 to 2021. We used the Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS) and the combined European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 and QLQ-H&amp;N35 questionnaires at pre-treatment, three months and six months post-treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We obtained 37 and 29 responses from the CFS and EORTC QLQ-C30/H&amp;N35 questionnaire, respectively. From the CFS, the physical fatigue score at three months post-treatment deteriorated more than that at pre-treatment, and significantly improved by six months post-treatment. The total score worsened significantly at three months and there was a trend toward improvement at six months. In the EORTC QLQ-C30, physical and social functioning declined in three months and did not improve within six months. Fatigue was substantially worse at three months and significantly improved at six months but did not reach the same level as that before treatment. Appetite loss was also significantly worse at three months. In the QLQ-H&amp;N35 questionnaire, sensory issues, trouble with social contact, and dry mouth were significantly worse at three months and did not improve within six months. Sticky saliva also worsened at three months and significantly improved at six months.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There were some problems associated with chemoradiotherapy. Some patients showed an improvement, while others continued to have challenges. In Japan, chemoradiotherapy was shown to have a long-term impact on the patient's life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 674-679"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140822312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of elderly patients with head and neck cancer in an aging society: Focus on geriatric assessment and surgical treatment","authors":"Ryo Ishii,&nbsp;Akira Ohkoshi,&nbsp;Yukio Katori","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2024.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous studies of the treatment of elderly head and neck cancer (HNC) patients were very limited and sometimes controversial. Although conclusions differ across various reports, it is often concluded that advanced chronological age does not directly affect prognosis, but that comorbidities and declines in physical and cognitive functions promote the occurrence of adverse events, especially with surgical treatment. Geriatric assessment (GA) and its screening tools are keys to help us understand overall health status and problems, predict life expectancy and treatment tolerance, and to influence treatment choices and interventions to improve treatment compliance. In addition, personal beliefs and values play a large role in determining policies for HNC treatment for elderly patients, and a multidisciplinary approach is important to support this. In this review, past research on HNC in older adults is presented, and the current evidence is explained, focusing on the management of elderly HNC patients, with an emphasis on the existing reports on each treatment stage and modality, especially the surgical procedures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 4","pages":"Pages 647-658"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0385814624000440/pdfft?md5=fce8aae25d205715ac5cc6bb4540804e&pid=1-s2.0-S0385814624000440-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140558292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}