Auris Nasus Larynx最新文献

{"title":"Association of olfactory training with olfactory bulb morphology in adults with post-viral long-lasting olfactory dysfunction: A COVID-19 related prospective study","authors":"Mustafa Baran ,&nbsp;Mahmut Tayyar Kalcioglu ,&nbsp;Ahmet Mutlu ,&nbsp;Basak Atalay ,&nbsp;Mahmut Bilal Dogan ,&nbsp;Guler Ozturk","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In this prospective case-controlled study, we aimed to examine changes in olfactory bulb (OB) morphology due to COVID-19 infection and to examine the effects of olfactory training (OT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 29 patients with anosmia or hyposmia due to COVID-19 infection (Group 1), 24 normosmic patients after COVID-19 infection (Group 2), and 25 normosmic subjects without COVID-19 infection (Group 3). OB volumes, thickness, length, sulcus depth, and signal intensity were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Psychophysical tests (odor discrimination, thresholds, and odor identification) and a survey of olfactory symptoms were performed. After 12 weeks of OT, the MRI data and odor scores of Group 1 were compared with those of the other groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>OB volumes were significantly smaller in Group 1 (54.01±2.92 mm3) compared with the other groups (group 2:56.7±3.2 mm3 and group 3:59.45±3.09 mm3). The OB thicknesses and lengths differed significantly between Group 1 and Groups 2 and 3. Group 1 had abnormalities in the OB signal intensity in the form of diffusely increased signal intensity compared with the others groups. Following OT, OB volume (right, p= 0.002; left, p=0.021) and Threshold Discrimination Identification score (p&lt; 0.001) significantly increased in Group 1 patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that post-COVID olfactory loss is associated with smaller OB volumes and increased OB signal intensity. Additionally, this study provides evidence supporting the effectiveness of OT in improving olfactory function and OB volume in patients with long-lasting post-COVID-19 symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"52 1","pages":"Pages 76-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment outcomes of primary salivary gland squamous cell carcinoma: A multi-institutional retrospective study in Japan","authors":"Ryosuke Sato ,&nbsp;Takumi Kumai ,&nbsp;Takahiro Kusaka ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kano ,&nbsp;Akira Ohkoshi ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kubota ,&nbsp;Yuya Miyakura ,&nbsp;Kosuke Murayama ,&nbsp;Ai Tagawa ,&nbsp;Shino Godo ,&nbsp;Daisuke Matsushita ,&nbsp;Hiroki Tomizawa ,&nbsp;Satoshi Toyoma ,&nbsp;Akina Shirotori ,&nbsp;Miki Takahara","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Primary salivary gland squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is extremely rare, accounting for 0.3–10.4 % of all salivary gland malignancies. Due to this rarity, the clinical characteristics of primary salivary gland SCC remain unelucidated. In the present study, we conducted a multi-institutional retrospective analysis—including a large number of cases compared with that of previous studies—to reveal the prognosis, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors of primary salivary gland SCC.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The clinical course of patients with primary salivary gland SCC between January 2012 and December 2022 was retrospectively investigated. Thirteen university hospitals and cancer centers in Japan participated in this study. The diagnosis of primary salivary gland SCC was based on the following criteria: 1) pathological diagnosis of SCC and exclusion of other histological types and 2) exclusion of metastatic SCCs from other organs. Progression-free and overall survival rates were compared using Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests. Treatment outcomes were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses with Cox proportional hazards models.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In total, 723 patients with salivary gland cancer were admitted to the participating institutions. Among them, 63 patients (8.7 %) were diagnosed with primary salivary gland SCC. The clinical courses of the 58 patients that received definitive treatment and had complete data were analyzed. Primary treatments included surgery in 35 patients (60.3 %), chemoradiotherapy in 16 (27.6 %), radiotherapy in 5 (8.6 %), and chemotherapy in 2 (3.4 %). Complete response and objective response rates to chemoradiotherapy were 62.5 % and 93.8 %, respectively. Five-year progression-free and overall survival rates were 30.1 % and 60.1 %, respectively. Five-year progression-free survival rates for each treatment were 37.7 % (surgery), 33.0 % (chemoradiotherapy), 0 % (radiotherapy), and 0 % (chemotherapy). Overall survival rates were 71.5 % (surgery), 39.5 % (chemoradiotherapy), 53.3 % (radiotherapy), and 0 % (chemotherapy). Multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥70 years, &lt;em&gt;N&lt;/em&gt; classification ≥1, and surgery were independent predictors of progression-free (hazard ratios: 3.75, 2.46, and 0.33, respectively) and overall survival (hazard ratios: 3.11, 6.24, and 0.32, respectively). Adjuvant radiotherapy significantly improved progression-free and overall survival in patients with stage Ⅳ cancer or positive surgical margins. Log-rank tests revealed no significant difference between patients with or without elective neck dissection in progression-free and overall survival; however, a relatively high percentage of occult lymph node metastasis (50.0 %) was observed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Surgical resection is a favorable first-line treatment option in salivary gland SCC, and definitive chemoradiotherapy would show acceptable comple","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"52 1","pages":"Pages 43-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head and neck cancer registry of Japan","authors":"Daisuke Kawakita ,&nbsp;Seiichi Yoshimoto ,&nbsp;Munenaga Nakamizo ,&nbsp;Megumi Kitayama ,&nbsp;Tadaaki Kirita ,&nbsp;Takeshi Kodaira ,&nbsp;Toshifumi Tomioka ,&nbsp;Ryosuke Kamiyama ,&nbsp;Hideaki Takahashi ,&nbsp;Hideki Nakayama ,&nbsp;Yoshio Ohyama ,&nbsp;Yuji Murakami ,&nbsp;Ken-Ichi Nibu","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The Head and Neck Cancer Registry, supported by the Japan Society for Head and Neck Cancer, was re-established in 2012 after renewal of the contents and methods of registration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The registry registers patients with previously untreated, histologically confirmed malignant tumors of the head and neck, including the oral cavity, larynx, hypopharynx, oropharynx, nasopharynx, nasal cavity and paranasal sinus, major salivary gland, and cervical nodal involvement with an unknown primary.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The total number of registered patients reached more than 150,000 as of June 2024. We have published reports of important real-world evidence from the registry data.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We believe that this nation-wide, organ-based registry aids understanding of the epidemiology and treatment strategies of head and neck cancer, in addition to hospital-based and national cancer registries in Japan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 122-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of gross extranodal extension into major neck structures on the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma","authors":"Sueyoshi Moritani,&nbsp;Masao Takenobu,&nbsp;Masakazu Yasunaga,&nbsp;Katsuyuki Kawamoto,&nbsp;Taihei Fujii,&nbsp;Hiroya Kitano","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The AJCC-8 staging system for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) excludes certain lymph node characteristics from stage determinants due to insufficient evidence of their prognostic impact. This study aimed to examine the influence of gross extranodal extension (N-Ex) on survival and recurrence by comparing outcomes of extrathyroidal extension (T-Ex) and N-Ex cases.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with PTC who underwent initial surgical treatment and had T-Ex or N-Ex were selected. Their survival and recurrence rates were compared, focusing on age and stage classification. Patients younger than 55 years without distant metastasis (DM) are classified as Stage I, regardless of T-Ex or N-Ex. Patients aged 55 years or older without DM are classified as Stage II if they have N-Ex without T-Ex and Stage III or IVA if they have T-Ex. The prognoses of the T-Ex and N-Ex groups stratified by age were compared. Using the T-classification by organ involvement, older patients with N-Ex were subgrouped, and their prognoses were compared with those of the T-Ex group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 183 T-Ex and 50 N-Ex without T-Ex cases. The disease-specific survival (DSS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of the two groups did not differ for the younger patients without distant metastases (Stage I in both groups). For the older patients without distant metastasis, the 10-year DSS was 80.6% and 48.5% for Stages III and IVA (with T4bAnyNM0; T-Ex group) and 74.7% for Stage II (with T1-3N-ExM0; N-Ex group). The 10-year DFS were 68.2%, 0%, and 64.5% for Stages III, IVA (T-Ex group), and II (N-Ex group), respectively. The DSS and DFS did not differ for Stages III and IVA (T-Ex group) and II (N-Ex group). The prognoses of the N-Ex subgroups and the older T-Ex group did not also differ.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The patients aged 55 years or older without DM had comparable prognoses, although cases with N-Ex without T-Ex were classified as Stage II, and those with T-Ex were classified as Stage III or IVA. The recurrence rates for the N-Ex and T-Ex stages were also comparable. These suggest that N-Ex is an important prognostic factor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 127-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vestibular nerve neurectomy: Functional and histopathological outcomes in the cochlea of guinea pigs","authors":"Omar Mostafa Youssef Yassin ,&nbsp;Ashraf Abdelzaher Mabrok ,&nbsp;Ayman Mohammed El-kahky ,&nbsp;Hesham Mohamed Othman Taha ,&nbsp;Walaa Adel Abdelmoez ,&nbsp;Amr Adel Mohammed Saad","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Experimentally test the effect of vestibular nerve neurectomy on the function and histopathology of the cochlea.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study was conducted on 20 normal male adult pigmented guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). First, each animal was tested with Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs) preoperatively then vestibular neurectomy (V.N) was performed on the right side through suboccipital modified retrosigmoid approach. We tested the DPOAEs postoperatively; After 8 weeks, Guinea pigs were euthanized the cochlea of guinea pig was processed for light microscope and transmission electron microscope examination to observe the outer hair cell count, and spiral ganglion cell density in the operated ear compared to contralateral non operated cochlea of the same guinea pig.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was a significant decrease in spiral ganglion cell density in the operated side compared to the non-operated side. However, there was no significant difference in outer hair cell count or DPOAEs between the two sides, except for a significant increase in DPOAEs at 2 KHz in the operated side.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results suggest that vestibular neurectomy may affect spiral ganglion cell density but not necessarily outer hair cell count or DPOAEs, and the relationship between these variables is complex and could be frequency-dependent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 107-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative course of Eustachian tube plug surgery with Kobayashi plug","authors":"Tomoo Shibasaki ,&nbsp;Naoto Koike ,&nbsp;Hidefumi Shindo ,&nbsp;Ryoji Hirai ,&nbsp;Takeshi Oshima","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate its effectiveness and safety and clarify the postoperative course of Kobayashi plug surgery for refractory patulous Eustachian tubes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 83 patients diagnosed with a patulous Eustachian tube who received Kobayashi plug surgery at our hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At 1 month postoperatively, the success rate was 74.0 %; at 3 months, it was 67.1 %; at 6 months, it was 65.0 %; and at 12 months it was 65.2 %. At 6 months, otitis media with effusion (OME) was observed in 12.5 % of cases, and residual tympanic membrane perforation was observed in 5.0 %. Ventilation tube placement was performed in 10 cases, and eight cases required revision surgery. During the course, plugs were removed in four cases.</div><div>Median values of patulous Eustachian Tube Handicap Inventory-10 (PHI-10) at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively were 14, 16, 16, and 20, respectively. PHI-10 significantly improved at all the time points after surgery than before surgery (median 33).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Kobayashi plug surgery is safe and effective for refractory patulous Eustachian tubes over the long term. At 6 months postoperatively, there were few cases of OME, and the symptoms also stabilized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 116-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of acute ethanol intoxication on swallowing function in mice","authors":"Takuma Hisaoka ,&nbsp;Jun Suzuki ,&nbsp;Ryoukichi Ikeda ,&nbsp;Jun Ohta ,&nbsp;Hiyori Takahashi ,&nbsp;Yukio Katori","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Ethanol consumption may lead to various symptoms depending on its concentration in the blood. Acute ethanol intoxication is a major risk factor for bolus -aspiration; however, studies on the effects of acute ethanol intoxication on swallowing are lacking. Therefore, we investigated the effect of acute ethanol intoxication on mice using the videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) methodology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly allocated into three groups: saline injection, 2 g/kg ethanol injection, and 4 g/kg ethanol injection. The VFSS technique was used to analyze the inter-swallow interval, lick-swallow rate, lick rate, bolus area, pharyngeal transit time, bolus speed, and bolus area 3 d before injection (control), 2 h after injection, and 8 h after injection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the 4 g/kg ethanol injection group, the inter-swallow interval and lick-swallow rate increased after 2 h However, these changes were reversed 8 h after ethanol administration. Additionally, the pharyngeal transit time, bolus speed, and bolus area did not change significantly after ethanol administration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The present study reveals that ethanol administration delays bolus transport in the mouth but does not affect pharyngeal swallowing reflexes and reflex thresholds. Acute ethanol intoxication specifically impairs the oral function as assessed by the VFSS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brainwave entrainment using binaural beats stimulation: Exploring the treatment efficacy in individuals with tinnitus having normal hearing sensitivity","authors":"Praveen Prakash,&nbsp;Sreeraj Konadath","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study aimed to compare the efficacy of brainwave entrainment in the treatment of individuals with tinnitus having normal hearing sensitivity. The effect of binaural beats (BB) stimulation in reducing negative emotions and tinnitus handicap post-three months is explored in this longitudinal study.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study comprised sixty individuals (four groups) with tinnitus having normal hearing. The outcome measures of BB with beat frequencies falling under delta (4 Hz), theta (6 Hz), and alpha (10 Hz) and a standard tinnitus masker (white noise) were compared with the pre-treatment baseline scores for tinnitus handicap, depression, and stress levels, and quality of life parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All four groups showed an improvement in tinnitus symptoms and negative emotions. However, the groups that received BB stimulation (I, II, III) showed a remarkable reduction in scores for the tinnitus handicap, depression, and stress levels and an increase in quality-of-life scores for the domains that assessed physical and psychological health when compared to the group IV who received standard tinnitus masker.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It was observed that all three broadband (BB) stimuli were equally effective in treating tinnitus handicap symptoms. However, the results cannot be definitively attributed to brainwave entrainment, as they may also reflect the effects of sound therapy. Additionally, the lack of significant differences among the BB frequencies suggests that the benefits may not arise specifically from brainwave entrainment, especially without a comparison to beta frequency BB. This technique should be adopted into clinical practice with generalizability after further research on a randomized sample.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"52 1","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying predictors of persistent post-earthquake dizziness among adolescents after the 2023 earthquakes in Türkiye: A cross-sectional, multicenter study","authors":"Seda Bozduman Çelebi ,&nbsp;Berhan Akdağ ,&nbsp;Nazmiye İnce ,&nbsp;Burak Kamış ,&nbsp;Hilal Yazıcı Kopuz ,&nbsp;Kübra Gıran ,&nbsp;Fethiye Kılıçaslan ,&nbsp;Semiha Cömertoğlu Arslan ,&nbsp;Hatice Altun ,&nbsp;Asiye Arıcı Gürbüz ,&nbsp;Çisel Yazan Songür ,&nbsp;Hülya Binokay","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The impacts of earthquakes on the mental health of individuals have been well-documented. Additionally, individuals frequently report experiencing dizziness akin to seasickness or carsickness. This phenomenon, termed “post-earthquake dizziness syndrome” (PEDS), has garnered increasing attention due to its unclear etiology. This study investigates the prevalence and predictors of ongoing PEDS within an adolescent population more than one year after the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2024 and June 2024 across five cities officially designated as an “earthquake zone” by relevant authorities. The sample comprised 551 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years who were recruited from child psychiatry outpatient clinics within these cities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>402 participants (73.0 %) reported experiencing PEDS following the earthquake, while 105 (19.1 %) reported ongoing PEDS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that higher trait anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, as well as being located on a higher floor during the earthquake, were positively correlated with the persistence of PEDS symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings underscore the potential association between PEDS and psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and PTSD. However, the underlying mechanisms of PEDS remain elusive, requiring further research to elucidate the links between PEDS and psychiatric conditions for more effective treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages 1081-1084"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of microbial diversity and eosinophilic otitis media biomarkers using next-generation sequencing","authors":"Rieko Ii ,&nbsp;Emiko Noguchi ,&nbsp;Naoto Adachi ,&nbsp;Masanori Kidoguchi ,&nbsp;Takako Nakamura ,&nbsp;Hidetaka Miyamoto ,&nbsp;Yukiko Nishihama ,&nbsp;Ayami Nomura ,&nbsp;Junko Takahata ,&nbsp;Yukihiro Kimura ,&nbsp;Masayuki Okamoto ,&nbsp;Yuki Hirose ,&nbsp;Shuho Tanaka ,&nbsp;Shigeharu Fujieda ,&nbsp;Atsushi Matsubara ,&nbsp;Keiji Tabuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) is a chronic eosinophilic inflammatory disease linked to bronchial asthma and nasal polyps. EOM is often accompanied by tympanic membrane perforation. Although the primary treatment, steroid therapy, is generally effective, its efficacy may be limited in advanced cases, particularly those involving significant thickening of the middle ear mucosa. Despite its clinical importance, details regarding the pathogenesis of EOM have not been elucidated. Our study aimed to characterize the microbiome associated with EOM and explore changes with and without tympanic membrane perforation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled 27 patients clinically diagnosed with EOM, 25 controls without middle ear infections, and 10 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) [1] [2]. Specimens were collected by swabbing the middle ear, nasopharynx, and external auditory canal (EAC) of subjects in the EOM and control groups, whereas CSOM specimens were collected only from the middle ear. The V3-V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA genes were amplified and subjected to high-throughput sequencing. We evaluated alpha and beta diversity indices between the EOM and control subjects, followed by Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis to identify potential biomarkers. Additionally, co-occurrence patterns were analyzed to explore the associated microbial interactions. To assess whether similar biomarkers were identified between the EOM and CSOM subjects, LEfSe analysis was conducted for these two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with controls, EOM patients were significantly enriched in <em>Nocardioides</em> in the middle ear, nasopharynx, and EAC, highlighting a distinct microbiological feature. Both alpha and beta diversity were significantly reduced in EOM patients with tympanic membrane perforation. When comparing the EOM and CSOM groups, <em>Nocardioides</em> was consistently identified as a significant biomarker for EOM, confirming its distinct association with EOM. In co-occurrence analysis, <em>Nocardioides</em> showed notable positive co-occurrence with several other genera.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reports the first detailed exploration of the EOM microbiome and identified <em>Nocardioides</em> as a new biomarker. The significant shift in microbial co-occurrence associated with tympanic membrane perforation may contribute to the disease's refractory nature, suggesting new avenues for understanding and managing EOM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages 1073-1080"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}