Auris Nasus Larynx最新文献

{"title":"Outcomes of cranial nerve disorders in pharyngo-laryngeal herpes zoster: A retrospective study of 34 cases at a single institution","authors":"Kanoko Minoshima ,&nbsp;Hiroko Yanagi ,&nbsp;Hiroki Sato ,&nbsp;Michiya Matsumura ,&nbsp;Yasushi Furuta","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Pharyngo-laryngeal herpes zoster (HZ) is a rare but clinically important manifestation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation. Unlike the well-described Ramsay Hunt syndrome, its neurological spectrum and outcomes remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to clarify patterns of cranial nerve involvement, recovery outcomes, and diagnostic challenges in pharyngo-laryngeal HZ, representing the largest single-center series to date.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively reviewed 34 patients diagnosed with pharyngo-laryngeal HZ at a tertiary referral hospital in Japan between July 2007 and June 2025. VZV reactivation was confirmed serologically in all cases. Clinical features, affected cranial nerves, treatments, and recovery outcomes were analyzed. Neurological recovery was defined as complete resolution of paralysis, and swallowing recovery as tolerance of the pre-onset diet.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cohort comprised 24 men and 10 women (mean age, 61.7 years). Herpetic lesions were identified in 23 patients, while 11 (32 %) presented without rash and were diagnosed with zoster sine herpete, underscoring the diagnostic value of serology. The glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) nerves were most frequently affected (59 % each), followed by the facial nerve (24 %). Dysphagia occurred in 22 patients (65 %), with 5 requiring nutritional support and 2 developing aspiration pneumonia. Among 25 patients with cranial nerve paralysis, only 14 (56 %) achieved complete recovery. Laryngeal paralysis resulting from the X nerve impairment demonstrated the poorest prognosis, with a recovery rate of 50 %, although none required surgical intervention. In contrast, all cases of facial paralysis recovered fully, often after delayed onset following IX/X nerve symptoms. Incomplete recovery was more common in older patients and those who did not receive combined antiviral and corticosteroid therapy, though differences were not statistically significant. Overall, dysphagia resolved in 21 of 22 patients (95 %), but recovery was frequently prolonged, with most requiring &gt;2 weeks of swallowing rehabilitation before resuming oral intake.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pharyngo-laryngeal HZ is a distinct clinical entity typically manifesting as cranial polyneuropathy. The IX and X nerves are most often involved, with laryngeal paralysis associated with poorer outcomes. A substantial proportion of patients experience severe or prolonged dysphagia, necessitating nutritional support and rehabilitation. The frequent occurrence of zoster sine herpete highlights the critical role of serological testing in diagnosis. These findings emphasize that pharyngo-laryngeal HZ can cause severe, lasting morbidity, warranting early recognition, aggressive treatment, and preventive strategies, including zoster vaccination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Pages 80-85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145859009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and adherence of mobile health-based myofunctional therapy for obstructive sleep apnea","authors":"Liqun Zhu ,&nbsp;Wenqian Zhong ,&nbsp;Meihong Zhang ,&nbsp;Chucheng Wu ,&nbsp;Yuxiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Jing Tao ,&nbsp;Beiping Miao ,&nbsp;Zhenzhang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the impact of WeChat applet-based myofunctional therapy (MFT) on the efficacy and adherence of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared to conventional hospital-guided programs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted, enrolling 78 patients with OSA who declined continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or surgical treatment (mean age 39.44 ± 9.82 years). Participants were randomly allocated to either the mini-program intervention group (<em>n</em> = 39) or the non-intervention group (<em>n</em> = 39). Both groups underwent a 12-week oropharyngeal muscle training program that targeted the soft palate, tongue, lips, and buccal muscles. The intervention group received video-based guidance, real-time feedback, and automated compliance monitoring via a customized WeChat application, whereas the non-intervention group maintained their records using paper diaries. Outcomes, including polysomnography results, sleep scale scores, and compliance rates, were subsequently compared between the two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-six patients completed the study (32 in the intervention group and 34 in non-intervention group). Improvement in AHI was significantly better in the intervention group than in the non-intervention group (Δ8.92±9.27 vs. Δ2.66±6.80 beats/hour, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and adherence rates were higher at all time points (12 weeks: 73 % vs. 66 %, <em>P</em> = 0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Mobile health guided MFT significantly improved treatment adherence in patients with OSA and outperformed traditional modality in terms of improvement in the core metric AHI, providing a digital solution for CPAP-intolerant patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Pages 19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracranial antitumor efficacy of combination treatment with encorafenib plus binimetinib in BRAF V600E-mutated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma","authors":"Ryutaro Onaga ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Enokida ,&nbsp;Toshifumi Tomioka ,&nbsp;Shingo Sakashita ,&nbsp;Masanobu Sato ,&nbsp;Nobukazu Tanaka ,&nbsp;Yuta Hoshi ,&nbsp;Takuma Kishida ,&nbsp;Ryo Kuboki ,&nbsp;Takao Fujisawa ,&nbsp;Susumu Okano ,&nbsp;Kazuto Matsuura ,&nbsp;Makoto Tahara","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intracranial antitumor efficacy of combination therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors in <em>BRAF</em>-mutated thyroid cancer has not been reported. Here, we describe a case of anaplastic thyroid cancer harboring <em>BRAF</em> V600E mutation with brain metastases which was treated with encorafenib plus binimetinib. The patient was initially diagnosed with T4bN1bM1 and experienced disease progression following surgery and lenvatinib treatment. Encorafenib plus binimetinib was initiated as second-line treatment seven months after the surgery. After achieving sustained disease stabilization, a solitary asymptomatic brain metastasis was detected following a three-week interruption due to COVID-19 infection. The lesion shrank after only two weeks of resumed encorafenib plus binimetinib, and additional stereotactic radiosurgery was performed without significant adverse events. This case suggests that the combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors may be a viable treatment option for brain metastasis in <em>BRAF</em>-mutated thyroid cancer, despite general prioritization of local treatments. In addition, encorafenib plus binimetinib treatment may suppress the growth of microscopic metastasis. This possibility is supported by reliable evidence for the use of BRAF plus MEK inhibitor for brain metastasis from <em>BRAF</em>-mutated malignant melanoma. We conclude that encorafenib plus binimetinib treatment for brain metastasis from <em>BRAF</em>-mutated thyroid cancer is a safe and effective treatment choice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Pages 7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145688686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction: Two case reports and a literature review","authors":"Maria Angela S. Dealino ,&nbsp;Rumi Ueha ,&nbsp;Kyohei Horikiri ,&nbsp;Takao Goto ,&nbsp;Masanobu Kumada ,&nbsp;Kenji Kondo","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction (RCPD) is a fairly recently described condition that has been gaining traction online. Majority of patients arrive at the diagnosis themselves, after undergoing numerous inconclusive investigations, indicating that widespread dissemination within the medical community remains to be seen. We present two cases, the first describes the successful medical management of a 17-year-old male who was treated with rikkunshito, a Kampo medicine, combined with mosapride, an established prokinetic agent. The second case involves a 30-year-old female with refractory symptoms who was effectively managed with endoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy. She had previously undergone percutaneous botulinum toxin injection that initially provided temporary relief. Both patients experienced a lifelong inability to belch, and had previous unrevealing diagnostic evaluations. Prior to treatment, high-resolution manometry was performed on both patients, showing elevated basal upper esophageal sphincter (UES) pressure and absence of UES relaxation with attempted belching. These findings finally led to a diagnosis of RCPD. Increased clinician awareness of RCPD could potentially spare patients from a meandering clinical course. Alternative medicine, such as rikkunshito, could be a potential adjunct for patients unwilling to undergo procedures. For refractory cases and those intolerant of repeated injections, more extensive surgery, including cricopharyngeal myotomy, may be offered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Pages 152-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145936551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epithelial tumors of the lacrimal drainage system: A narrative review","authors":"Takahiro Wakasaki ,&nbsp;Ryuji Yasumatsu","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this review, we aimed to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of epithelial tumors of the lacrimal drainage system (LDS)—rare but clinically significant entities that are often misdiagnosed as benign obstructions—by integrating recent evidence regarding epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, histopathological and molecular diversity as well as warning signs and imaging and biopsy strategies. According to the available data, squamous cell carcinoma is the predominant subtype, including both human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive non-keratinizing (transitional-type) variants with p16 overexpression and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA)/fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) alterations and HPV-negative keratinizing forms with tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutations. Management emphasizes complete en bloc resection aiming for negative margins supported by adjuvant radiotherapy. Organ-preserving chemoradiotherapy may be feasible in p16-positive cases, whereas proton or carbon-ion therapy has been shown to allow for precise dosing at anatomically constrained sites. Prognosis depends mainly on extent, margin status, perineural invasion, nodal involvement, histological subtype, and HPV status. Earlier recognition through awareness of “red flags” and standardized work-ups can significantly improve outcomes by reducing resection extent and morbidity risk. The integration of HPV status assessment and molecular profiling now allows biologically informed risk stratification and opens up new avenues for targeted and immune therapies, and proton and carbon-ion radiotherapies extend curative options to anatomically constrained regions. Important future research directions include designing molecularly informed therapeutic trials and prioritizing the development and establishment of standardized diagnostic frameworks and multicenter registries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Pages 128-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary of Japanese clinical practice guidelines 2025 for the management of olfactory dysfunction","authors":"Kenzo Tsuzuki ,&nbsp;Masakazu Hamamoto ,&nbsp;Mutsumi Iijima ,&nbsp;Masayoshi Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Kenji Kondo ,&nbsp;Eri Mori ,&nbsp;Yoshiharu Motoo ,&nbsp;Keigo Nakamura ,&nbsp;Fumino Okutani ,&nbsp;Minori Shibata ,&nbsp;Hideaki Shiga ,&nbsp;Kumiko Suzuki ,&nbsp;Motohiko Suzuki ,&nbsp;Shohei Horii ,&nbsp;Ayako Inoshita ,&nbsp;Yui Kawai ,&nbsp;Shu Kikuta ,&nbsp;Shunichi Miyazaki ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Morishita ,&nbsp;Hironobu Nishijima ,&nbsp;Takaki Miwa","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of the ‘Summary of Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines 2025 for the Management of Olfactory Dysfunction’ is to review the latest evidence regarding olfactory dysfunction and to present the current standard approaches for diagnosis and treatment. For the present guidelines, the Clinical Practice Guideline Committee, which is composed of otorhinolaryngologists, neurologists and oncologists with extensive experience treating patients with olfactory dysfunction, was formed by the Japanese Rhinologic Society. The Committee revised and updated the ‘Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Olfactory Dysfunction 2019 Edition’. Following a public comment period, the guidelines underwent external evaluation through peer review by the Scientific Committee of the Japanese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. A total of 16 clinical questions consisting of three categories (diagnosis, treatment, and neurodegenerative diseases associated with dementia), are comprehensively described. These evidence-based recommendations were compiled with the consensus of the Guideline Committee.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Pages 111-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145967861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on “Physical therapy for peripheral facial palsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis”","authors":"Run-cheng Wang ,&nbsp;Li-hua Xuan","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Page 161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145589672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional equity and declining laryngeal surgery in Japan: A nationwide claims-based analysis from 2014 to 2022","authors":"Masamitsu Kido ,&nbsp;Takahiro Tsujikawa ,&nbsp;Kengo Yoshii ,&nbsp;Shigeyuki Mukudai ,&nbsp;Shinya Fuse ,&nbsp;Katsutoshi Shoda ,&nbsp;Shigeru Hirano","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The epidemiology of major otolaryngological surgeries in Japan remains unclear. This study investigated the national trends in three representative procedures, with a particular focus on laryngeal surgery, by analyzing demographic patterns and regional disparities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a nationwide analysis using Japan’s National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups between 2014 and 2022. Three representative otolaryngological procedures–laryngeal surgery, endoscopic sinus surgery, and tympanoplasty–were selected based on their relevance to board certification requirements for otolaryngology specialists. The data were stratified by age, sex, and prefecture, and annual surgery counts as well as rates per 100,000 person-years were calculated. Trends over time were assessed using the Jonckheere-Terpstra trend test and Poisson regression models to estimate the annual risk ratios (RRs). Regional disparities in surgery counts and distribution of board-certified otorhinolaryngologists were evaluated using the Gini coefficient.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Age-adjusted rates of laryngeal surgery declined significantly over time among males, females, and the overall population (risk ratio [RR] = 0.924, 0.908, and 0.919, respectively; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0167). Tympanoplasty showed a smaller but significant decline, while the trends for endoscopic sinus surgery were minimal. Subgroup analyses indicated significant annual decreases among individuals aged 20–89 years, who comprised the majority of laryngeal surgery cases for males, females, and both sexes combined (RR range: 0.875–0.957; all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0009). The Gini coefficients for all three procedures and the distribution of board-certified otorhinolaryngologists remained below 0.22, indicating low to moderate regional inequality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This nationwide analysis identified distinct demographic trends and modest regional disparities in otolaryngological surgical care in Japan. The consistent decline in laryngeal surgery across major demographic groups suggests a systemic shift in clinical practice, rather than an isolated reduction in disease incidence. These findings highlight the importance of continued support from academic societies and coordinated policy efforts to maintain equitable access to surgical care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Pages 41-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical outcome of primary hyperparathyroidism and factors correlated with preoperative serum iPTH concentration","authors":"Akiko Uchida ,&nbsp;Takeshi Igarashi ,&nbsp;Miki Nozawa,&nbsp;Tomohiko Yamauchi,&nbsp;Kota Matsuyama,&nbsp;Ryutaro Onaga,&nbsp;Mari Dias Shimada,&nbsp;Takahiro Fukuhara,&nbsp;Hiroshi Nishino,&nbsp;Makoto Ito,&nbsp;Takeharu Kanazawa","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to evaluate whether early surgical intervention remains the optimal treatment strategy for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), in light of recent advances in conservative management, by assessing surgical outcomes and examining the clinicopathological factors associated with preoperative intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed 80 patients (19 men and 61 women; mean age, 56.8 years) who underwent parathyroidectomy for PHPT between 2014 and 2023. Clinical subtypes were classified as renal, biochemical, or skeletal. Collected data included preoperative and postoperative serum calcium and iPTH levels, imaging findings from ultrasonography and 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) scintigraphy, pathological diagnoses, and immunohistochemical expression of Cyclin D1 and Ki-67.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Renal-type PHPT was the most common subtype (52.5%), followed by biochemical (26.3%) and skeletal (21.2%) types. Parathyroid adenomas accounted for the majority of pathological diagnoses (79.6%). The concordance rate for gland localization using combined ultrasonography and MIBI scintigraphy was 72.1%. Surgery led to significant reductions in serum calcium (from 11.1 to 9.1 mg/dL) and iPTH levels (from 201.8 to 37.5 pg/mL). Tumor size was positively correlated with preoperative iPTH levels, whereas Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expression were not.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Parathyroidectomy yields favorable biochemical outcomes in patients with PHPT and remains the most effective strategy for preventing disease progression. Tumor size was the only factor associated with elevated preoperative iPTH levels. Persistent postoperative iPTH elevation in some patients underscores the importance of early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention, particularly before irreversible systemic complications arise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Pages 35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of self-reported olfactory dysfunction in Japan: Findings from a nationwide web-based cross-sectional survey","authors":"Jun Suzuki ,&nbsp;Yuta Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Yoshihisa Fujino ,&nbsp;Takahiro Tabuchi ,&nbsp;Yukio Katori","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Olfactory dysfunction (OD) compromises safety and well-being in humans; however, large-scale Japanese data are lacking. We quantified the prevalence of subjective chronic OD (self-reported olfactory impairment persisting ≥3 months), identified associated health and occupational factors, and evaluated determinants for severity using data from a nationwide web-based survey in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from the Japan coronavirus disease 2019 and Society Internet Survey 2023, a stratified, nationwide, cross-sectional survey of community-dwelling residents in Japan. From the initial 33,000 participants, we used the data of 25,569 participants (12,323 men, 13,246 women), after excluding those with implausible responses and missing data, to calculate prevalence. Inverse probability weighting was used to align the sample with the 2019 National Living Conditions Survey. Group differences concerning the presence and severity of OD were tested with χ² or Wilcoxon tests after excluding participants with additional missing data; independent associations were examined using weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The weighted prevalence for chronic subjective OD was 1.3 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.1–1.4); age-specific rates ranged from 0.6 % (40–49 years) to 2.1 % (60–69 years). Independent OD correlates included the factors current smoking (odds ratio [OR] 2.09, <em>p</em> = 0.016), homeworking (OR 2.75, <em>p</em> = 0.004), somatic symptoms (Somatic Symptom Scale-8 score ≥ 12; OR 2.66, <em>p</em> = 0.009), dysgeusia (OR 193.2, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), current hypertension (OR 3.69, <em>p</em> = 0.005), current bronchial asthma (OR 6.09, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), current allergic rhinitis (OR 1.97, <em>p</em> = 0.012), and moderate-severe presenteeism (Work Functioning Impairment Scale score ≥ 21; OR 3.04, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.020). Being a woman was associated with lower OD severity (OR 0.34, <em>p</em> = 0.035, for moderate-severe vs mild), whereas having ≥ 1 day of sick absences in the previous month was associated with higher OD severity (OR 3.17, <em>p</em> = 0.044).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Subjective OD prevalence in Japan was 1.3 %. Presenteeism was associated with OD and absenteeism was associated with moderate-severe OD. Further studies on the relationship between OD and work productivity are warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Pages 61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}