Adicciones最新文献

{"title":"Emotion regulation strategies mediate the relationship between excessive alcohol use and suicidal behaviour.","authors":"Celia Antuña Camblor, Gabriel Esteller-Collado, Roger Muñoz-Navarro","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.2418","DOIUrl":"10.20882/adicciones.2418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol is one of the most widely consumed substances worldwide. It is hypothesized that people who use alcohol have poor emotional regulation strategies, something shared by people who commit suicide. Therefore, the aim of this work is to study the mediational effect of coping strategies and distress tolerance in the relationship between excessive alcohol use and suicidal risk. A sample of 1014 participants (33.82% male, 66.17% female; M = 33.0, SD = 15.15) were assessed using a custom sociodemographic questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the Coping with Stress Questionnaire (CSQ), Distress Tolerance Stress (DTS), and Suicide Risk (RS). Two mediation models were performed in which AUDIT scores were used as the independent variable, RS score as the dependent and sex as a covariate. In the first model the mediating variable was the CSQ scores and in the second the DTS scores. The relationship was mediated positively by Negative Auto-Focused, Appraisal and Absorption, and negatively by Social Support Seeking and Tolerance. Emotional regulation is a transdiagnostic strategy that can reduce not only alcohol consumption, but also suicidal risk. Given these results, there is a pressing need to develop preventive programs centered on adaptive emotion regulation strategies. Emotional regulation plays a key role in the relationship between excessive alcohol use and suicidal risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"38 1","pages":"41-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C therapy with pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals: Drug-drug interactions in drug-using HCV patients and antipsychotic-treated HCV patients.","authors":"Juan Turnes, Antonio García-Herola, Marinela Méndez, Cándido Hernández, Alfonsina Trento, Ramón Morillo-Verdugo, Francisco Pascual, Ignacio Hernández","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.2296","DOIUrl":"10.20882/adicciones.2296","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;People who use drugs (PWUD) are at high risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and HCV patients often have psychiatric disorders requiring nervous system drugs, including antipsychotics. These medicines can interact with HCV treatment-related metabolic pathways producing DDIs (drug-drug interactions). This analysis focused on potential DDIs between direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and concomitant medications used in PWUD/antipsychotics-treated HCV patients, alongside associated adverse events (AEs) and clinical interventions in Spain. Electronic medical records (BIG-PAC® database) were used to analyse adult HCV patients treated with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) or sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) between 2017-2020. The study included 1,620 HCV patients, 985 identified as PWUD and 187 as antipsychotic users, 75% of whom were also PWUD. In the PWUD cohort, cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities were the most frequent; 22.7% patients were at risk of DDIs with CV, with the risk being higher in GLE/PIB-treated (36.8%) versus SOF/VEL (13.7%) (p&lt;0.001). Cardiovascular AEs were more common in the GLE/PIB group. In the antipsychotic cohort, quetiapine was the most prescribed antipsychotic comedication (26.2%), followed by paliperidone (17.6%) and olanzapine (17.1%). Fifty-one per cent of those on GLE/PIB were at risk of DDIs versus 23% on SOF/VEL (p&lt;0.001). Two AEs were reported in the GLE/PIB group (n=37): one patient on quetiapine at a dose &lt;300mg/day experienced extrapyramidal symptoms, leading to DAA discontinuation, and another paliperidone-treated experienced sedation, necessitating a dose reduction. The findings highlight DDIs risks in HCV patients on antipsychotics or with substance addiction, particularly with GLE/PIB. Comprehensive clinical follow-up is essential to optimise treatment and improve patient safety. Electronic medical records (BIG-PAC® database) were used to analyse adult HCV patients treated with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) or sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) between 2017-2020. The study included 1,620 HCV patients, 985 identified as PWUD and 187 as antipsychotic users, 75% of which were also PWUD. In the PWUD cohort, cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities were the most frequent; 22.7% patients were at risk of DDIs with CV, being the risk higher in GLE/PIB-treated (36.8%) versus SOF/VEL (13.7%) (p&lt;0.001). Cardiovascular AEs were more common in the GLE/PIB group. In the antipsychotic cohort, quetiapine was the most prescribed antipsychotic comedication (26.2%), followed by paliperidone (17.6%) and olanzapine (17.1%). Fifty-one per cent of those on GLE/PIB were at risk of DDIs versus 23% on SOF/VEL (p&lt;0.001). Two AEs were reported in the GLE/PIB group (n=37): one patient on quetiapine at a dose &lt;300mg/day experienced extrapyramidal symptoms, leading to DAA discontinuation, and another paliperidone-treated experienced sedation, necessitating a dose reduction. The findings highlight DDIs risks in HCV patients on antipsychot","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"38 1","pages":"25-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language and social perception of cannabis: A debate on narrative constructions and their impact on Public Health.","authors":"Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco, Mercè Balcells-Olivero, Clara Oliveras, Manuel Isorna Folgar","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.2563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.2563","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"38 1","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of sex and gender factors on the modulation of vulnerability to addictions: a narrative review.","authors":"Cristina Rius Leiva, Rut Lucas Dominguez, Judit Tirado Muñoz, Lydia García Gómez, Laura Prieto Arenas, Antonio Vidal Infer","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.2436","DOIUrl":"10.20882/adicciones.2436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This narrative review identifies the sex- and gender-related factors that influence individual vulnerability to developing addictive disorders. Addiction arises from the complex interaction between neurobiological and psychosocial factors. Sex-based brain dimorphisms, shaped by genetic, hormonal, and epigenetic influences, lead to differences in neural circuits involved in reward, emotional regulation, and executive functioning. Pharmacokinetic differences, such as higher blood alcohol levels, faster nicotine metabolism, and slower μ-opioid receptor internalization in women, contribute to earlier medical complications and faster addiction progression. Gender, understood as a system of socially constructed roles and expectations, further modulates these vulnerabilities. Traditional masculine norms are associated with higher substance use, while certain aspects of femininity may increase risk (e.g., emotional repression or partner dependence) or serve as protective factors through help-seeking behavior. Sexual and gender minorities experience the most significant disparities. Lesbian and bisexual women show the highest rates of substance use disorders; gay and bisexual men report greater illicit drug use; and bisexual individuals consistently display the highest overall risk. Transgender and non-binary populations exhibit increased prevalence of tobacco, stimulant, and chemsex-related substance use, often as a response to minority stress and exclusion from cisnormative care systems. Psychiatric comorbidity affects 50-80% of cases. Women show higher rates of anxiety, trauma histories, and adverse clinical outcomes. Many face \"triple stigma\" due to their gender, mental health condition, and substance use. Addressing these disparities requires an intersectional, gender-informed, and culturally competent approach to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"37 4","pages":"297-310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prior stress history shapes adolescent alcohol-induced transcriptional changes in striatal glutamatergic and endocannabinoid pathways.","authors":"Laura Sanchez-Marin, Berke Canoluk, Julia Verheul-Campos, Ana Gavito, Raquel Reviriego, Javier Pavon, Antonia Serrano, Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.2483","DOIUrl":"10.20882/adicciones.2483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescence is a critical developmental window during which exposure to stress and alcohol can induce long-lasting neurobiological alterations. Binge-like alcohol consumption is particularly disruptive to corticostriatal circuits, but the extent to which prior stress history modulates these effects remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated how acute versus repeated restraint stress before intermittent alcohol exposure during adolescence shapes transcriptional changes in the dorsal striatum of male rats. Animals were exposed either to a single (acute) or five-day (repeated) restraint stress at postnatal day (PND) 32-36, followed by four weeks of intermittent intragastric ethanol (3 g/kg) or saline administration. At adult age, striatal mRNA expression of dopaminergic (Drd1, Drd2, Th), glutamatergic (Gls, Gls2, Gria2, Grin2a, Grin2b), endocannabinoid (Cnr1, Cnr2, Napepld, Faah, Dagla, Daglb, Mgll), neurotrophic (Bdnf, Ntrk2), and glial (Gfap, Aif1) genes was quantified. Alcohol exposure upregulated genes associated with glutamate synthesis and receptor signaling, endocannabinoid metabolism, and astrocytic activation. Acute stress amplified alcohol-induced expression of Gls, Gls2, Gria2, Napepld, Faah, Daglb, Ntrk2, and Gfap, while repeated stress blunted these effects and selectively enhanced Drd1, Drd2, Grin2a, and Bdnf expression. Microglial activation (Aif1) was increased by alcohol independently of stress. These results suggest that acute stress sensitizes glutamatergic and endocannabinoid pathways to alcohol, whereas repeated stress engages adaptive mechanisms consistent with the stress inoculation hypothesis. Overall, stress history critically determines the neurobiological outcomes of adolescent alcohol exposure, with implications for resilience and vulnerability to alcohol-induced psychopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"37 4","pages":"369-382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entangled in addiction.","authors":"Marta Rodríguez-Arias, Marta Torrens Melich","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.2534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.2534","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"37 4","pages":"295-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146012916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Pleiotrophin/PTPRZ neurotrophic pathway in the hippocampus of rats exposed to chronic alcohol consumption and/or thiamine deficiency.","authors":"Rosario López-Rodríguez, Marta Moya, Esther Gramage, Gonzalo Herradón, Laura Orio","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.2464","DOIUrl":"10.20882/adicciones.2464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is caused by thiamine deficiency (TD) whose main risk factor is alcohol use disorder. Pathogenic mechanisms associated with WE include mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. This study aims to explore the gene expression signature of certain candidate genes related to neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and thiamine metabolism in the hippocampus from animals exposed to chronic alcohol consumption, thiamine deficiency or the combination of both. Male Wistar rats (n=42) were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups: control (C) receiving tap water or tap water plus thiamine (0.2 g/L), chronic alcohol (CA) forced ingestion for 36 weeks, TD diet and pyrithiamine for 12 days (TDD) and CA combined with TDD. The relative gene expression of neurotrophic factors (Ptn, Mdk, Ptprz), proinflammatory molecules (Tlr4, Ccl2 and Hmgb1), mitochondrial homeostatic factors (Mfn1 and Mfn2) and thiamine metabolism (Tpk1) was analyzed in RNA isolated from the hippocampus across all experimental groups. Differences in gene expression were assessed using non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis). Ptprz mRNA levels tended to be downregulated in the TDD group compared to controls (p=0.06, non-significant) and levels were significantly decreased related to the CA+TDD group (p<0.05). TDD group showed the lowest expression levels of Ptn across all experimental groups, and this decrease was statistically significant compared to the control and CA groups (p<0.05). Our findings indicate a differential gene expression profile of the PTN-MDK-PTPRZ axis in the hippocampus of rats receiving a TD diet but not in the rest of the WE models analyzed (CA and CA+TDD).</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"37 4","pages":"383-394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soy isoflavones for the treatment of cocaine use disorder: an open-label pilot study.","authors":"Roser Martínez-Riera, Francina Fonseca, Rafael De La Torre, Nieves Pizarro, Liliana Galindo, Joan Ignasi Mestre-Pinto, Magí Farré, Marta Torrens","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.2428","DOIUrl":"10.20882/adicciones.2428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soybeans contain different isoflavones (mainly daidzein) which work as reversible inhibitors of aldehyde-dehydrogenase-2 enzyme (ALDH2). This activity has been related in animal experiments with a reduction of cocaine use. Our aim was to carry out an open-label pilot study to evaluate the possible efficacy of soy isoflavones as natural inhibitor of ALDH2 in cocaine use disorder. Nine subjects with severe cocaine use disorder participated in a single-center, open, non-controlled trial during 12 weeks of treatment and 4 of follow-up. The Substance Use Report (SUR) showed that three subjects (33.3%) reported a cocaine consumption of less than 20% (80% non-use days) from 10 to 12 weeks of the treatment period, from two (22.2%) at baseline, although non-significant. A finding that could not be confirmed by the detection of urine metabolites of cocaine. Seven participants (77.8%) completed the study at 16 weeks and one (1.11%) at 12 weeks. Urine concentrations of isoflavones, demonstrated that eight participants (88.9%) followed the treatment along the study. The Severity Dependence Scale (SDS) score showed a significant decrease between baseline to 12 weeks, baseline to 16 weeks and 12 to 16 weeks; the Brief Substance Craving Scale (BSCS) and Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment (CSSA) decreased their values but not significantly. Significant improvements in different areas of the SF-36 scale were observed: body pain scores decreased from baseline to 16 weeks statistically significant; social function improved its scores from baseline to 12 weeks and from baseline to 16 weeks significantly; the rest of areas increased their scores but not significantly. These findings show lower ratios of cocaine use days, and high retention and adherence to treatment although the acquisition of complete abstinence was not observed. Soy isoflavones could be considered a potential treatment in future research, to be confirmed by placebo-controlled studies with adequate sample size.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"37 4","pages":"311-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on CB1 cannabinoid receptor localization in the hippocampal CA1 region following alcohol withdrawal in adolescent male mice.","authors":"Maitane Serrano, Leire Lekunberri, Garazi Ocerin, Miquel Saumell-Esnaola, Gontzal García Del Caño, Nagore Puente, Itziar Bonilla-Del Río, Inmaculada Gerrikagoitia, Pedro Grandes","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.2408","DOIUrl":"10.20882/adicciones.2408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescent binge drinking has detrimental effects on brain function, leading to long-lasting impairments in synaptic plasticity, cognition, and behavior. These effects are mediated, in part, by disruption of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and its cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptor. Alcohol consumption also depletes omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential for maintaining cell membrane integrity and supporting brain function. This depletion impairs synaptic plasticity by disrupting endocannabinoid signaling and reducing CB1 receptor expression and function. Conversely, enhancement of the ECS can restore brain function and reverse the loss of endocannabinoid-dependent synaptic plasticity associated with omega-3 deficiency. Notably, omega-3 supplementation has been shown to restore CB1 receptor expression in specific brain regions in adult mice following adolescent alcohol exposure. However, despite the established interplay between alcohol, omega-3, and the ECS, the direct impact of omega-3 supplementation on the subcellular localization of CB1 receptors after alcohol exposure remains poorly understood. In this study, we used immunoelectron microscopy to investigate whether omega-3 supplementation influences CB1 receptor distribution in the hippocampal CA1 region following alcohol withdrawal in adolescent male mice. Our results demonstrate that omega-3 partially restore the excitatory/inhibitory balance disrupted by alcohol, as evidenced by an increased number of excitatory terminals and a significant reduction in inhibitory terminals. However, the distribution and density of CB1 receptors within neuronal and glial compartments remain unchanged following alcohol exposure and omega-3 supplementation. These findings highlight novel structural effects of omega-3 in mitigating alcohol-induced brain damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"37 4","pages":"341-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in emotional and cognitive tasks in rats exposed to alcohol binges and controls during early adulthood.","authors":"Leticia López-Valencia, Eva Bonilla, Berta Escudero, Laura Orio","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.2450","DOIUrl":"10.20882/adicciones.2450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A sex perspective in the behavioural effects induced by alcohol binge exposure during youth or early adulthood remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high doses of ethanol on emotional behaviour and cognition in 8-weeks old rats, from a sex perspective. Male and female animals were exposed to ethanol binges (3 g/kg, i.g.; 3 times/day x 4 days) in a 2days on-2days off paradigm and assessed in the elevated plus maze (EPM), forced swimming test (FST), saccharin preference test (SPT), Morris water maze (MWM) and novel object recognition (NOR) test. Baseline differences between control male and females were observed in emotional, motivational and cognitive tasks. Additionally, Intensive Alcohol Exposure (IAE) exerted sex-specific effects in: a) EPM: males showed anxiety and no effect in females; b) FST: depressive-like symptoms in both sexes but more pronounce immobility time in females; c) NOR test: impairment in a short-term memory in both sexes but females displayed improved performance in a long-term versus their controls. No IAE-related effects were found in the SPT or MWM. These results suggest inherent sex-differences in rodent performance in behavioural tests assessing emotional, motivational and cognitive behaviours. Additionally, IAE may impact male and females differently during abstinence in early adulthood. These findings underscore the importance of considering sex as a critical variable for preclinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"37 4","pages":"353-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}