Adicciones最新文献

{"title":"Psychological recovery stages of alcohol dependent patients after an intensive outpatient treatment: A 4-year follow-up study.","authors":"Francisco Arias,&nbsp;Ana Sion,&nbsp;Regina Espinosa,&nbsp;Rosa Jurado-Barba,&nbsp;Marta Marin,&nbsp;Andrés Martínez Maldonado,&nbsp;Gabriel Rubio","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.1575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this work is to determine if relapses can hinder the sequence of psychological recovery and to rebuild this sequence in patients with severe alcohol dependence that seek treatment. The sample was comprised of 159 patients seeking an intensive outpatient treatment of two years duration and who were subject to follow-up during four years after discharge. Patients were grouped according to the presence of relapse during follow-up, resulting in abstainers (n = 80) and relapsers (n = 79). Assessments were carried out in the following periods: baseline, at discharge, and at the second- and fourth-year follow-ups. The measurement variables were avoidance behavior, anxiety, depression, impulsivity and meaning in life (MiL). A control group (n = 74) was evaluated at the same periods as the patients. Results indicate a slower recovery in relapsers in comparison to abstainers in all psychological dimensions and periods assessed. At the second-year follow-up, the abstainers achieved similar scores in depression as the control participants, in addition to higher scores in Meaning in Life at the end of treatment. In patients with severe alcohol dependence, our data supports a sequence of recovery that could continue beyond the four years of follow-up after treatment. This sequence would begin with the avoidance of risk situations and continue with the rest of dimensions (anxiety, depression, impulsivity).</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"35 1","pages":"21-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9265597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal associations between dispositional mindfulness and addictive behaviors in adolescents.","authors":"Nerea Cortazar,&nbsp;Esther Calvete","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.1598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescence is a vulnerable period for the development of addictive behaviors, and substance use (SU) and problematic Internet use (PIU) typically start during this developmental stage. Dispositional Mindfulness (DM) has been proposed as a protective factor for adolescents against numerous psychological problems. Previous studies have suggested that the Observing facet of DM may moderate the other facets' roles. The objective of this study was to longitudinally analyze whether the facets of DM could predict lower levels of PIU and SU among adolescents, and to assess whether the Observing facet moderated the associations between the other facets of DM and addictive behaviors. A total of 836 participants aged 11 to 18 completed measures of PIU, SU, and the five facets of DM. The results indicated that Acting with Awareness predicted lower SU, Describing predicted an increase in both PIU and SU, and Non-judging marginally predicted lower PIU. Furthermore, Observing was beneficial against PIU when combined with high levels of Acting with Awareness, but was not when combined with high levels of Describing. The implications and future directions for the empirical study of DM against addictive behaviors are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"35 1","pages":"57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10687385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-based differences in perceptions about sexual violence, equality and drug‑facilitated sexual assaults in nightlife contexts.","authors":"Pablo Prego-Meleiro,&nbsp;Gemma Montalvo,&nbsp;Carmen García-Ruiz,&nbsp;Fernando Ortega-Ojeda,&nbsp;Isabel Ruiz-Pérez,&nbsp;Luis Sordo","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.1561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual violence, including drug-facilitated sexual assaults, is a serious issue that is becoming increasingly common in leisure nightlife contexts. This study provides information about the attitudes and perceptions of Spanish youths towards sexual violence within that setting. The participants were recruited by a snowball sampling scheme. A bivariate analysis was performed to identify possible sociodemographic and nightlife recreational habit factors related to gender. The statistical significance of the differences between the studied variables was assessed using the chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests. Women perceived a low level of personal security, as well as the existence of social perceptions penalizing female more than male drug use, and blaming women for the sexual violence they suffer. Women also recognised less explicit violent behaviours as violence significantly more than men did. Men were more willing to have sexual intercourse with someone unable to express consent because of drugs. In addition, they believed more strongly that sexual assaults take place because of the victim's use of alcohol or other drugs. In a leisure nightlife context, women are prone to perceive a lack of social support for themselves and the feeling of impunity for the perpetrators. Furthermore, numerous misconceptions surround drug-facilitated sexual assaults, with the majority of respondents believing that assaults happen after the surreptitious administration of substances to the victim by an unknown assailant. Moreover, the involvement of alcohol was underestimated. Our findings are useful for designing prevention efforts, demystifying the drug-facilitated sexual assaults and enhancing social support for victims.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":" ","pages":"285-298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25528279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive functioning after six months of follow-up in a sample of alcohol use disorder outpatients.","authors":"Rocío Villa,&nbsp;Ashkan Espandian,&nbsp;Pilar Alejandra Sáiz Martínez,&nbsp;Julia Rodríguez Revuelta,&nbsp;María Paz García-Portilla,&nbsp;Julio Bobes,&nbsp;Gerardo Flórez","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.1672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Until now, no follow-up studies had simultaneously evaluated executive functions, other non-executive functions related cognitive functions, and impulsivity in a large enough sample of moderate to severe alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients. The main objective of the present study was to compare neuropsychological performance and its relation to alcohol use in patients with AUD and healthy controls, and to determine the evolution of cognitive impairment and alcohol use over time. For this purpose, a 6-month follow-up study was designed to compare a sample of 100 outpatients with AUD (DSM-5 criteria) with 100 matched healthy controls. The patient group was recruited from three different health centres in Spain located in Orense, Gijón and Barcelona. The assessment consisted of a systematic battery of cognitive tests to evaluate the following functions: attention, anterograde memory, processing speed, verbal fluency, executive function, and implicit attitude toward alcoholic beverages. We also compared clinical variables associated with alcohol use, such as alcohol craving and impulsivity. After 6 months, anterograde memory, working memory, and resistance to interference improved remarkably in AUD patients, although not enough to match the normal population. With regard to clinical variables, there was a small but significant cognitive improvement related to a reduction in alcohol use and impulsivity. Executive dysfunction and other non-executive functions related cognitive functions impairment can be considered prognostic factors in outpatients with moderate to severe AUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":" ","pages":"309-322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39039100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can we increase risk perception among medical cannabis users?","authors":"Jose Antonio Ramos Atance,&nbsp;Francisco Arias Horcajadas","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.1656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1656","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"34 4","pages":"253-258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10328810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concomitant use of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) and central nervous system drugs in patients with hepatitis C virus infection.","authors":"Antoni Sicras-Mainar,&nbsp;Ramón Morillo-Verdugo","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.1551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our objective was to determine potential drug interactions (DI) between pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals (pDAA) and concomitant central nervous system (CNS) medication in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Transversal design. Patients aged ≥ 18 years on treatment with pDAA during 2017 were included. The variables collected were comorbidity, concomitant CNS medication and potential DI. The pDAA analyzed were a) Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir (SOF/VEL), b) Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) and c) Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir/Voxilaprevir (SOF/VEL/VOX). Descriptive statistical analysis. We recruited 1,170 patients (mean age 60.1 years, 56.4% male). Mean concomitant drug use was 3.2 per patient/year. The percentages of potential / possible DI between the DAAs and the concomitant drugs on the CNS were: 2.7% contraindications, 11.3% significant and 4.2% weak. By pDAA, the percentages were: SOF/VEL (2.7%; 0.0%; 4.4%), GLE/GDP (2.7%; 26.5%; 1.6%) SOF/VEL/VOX (2.7%; 6.8%; 4.4%), respectively. Concomitant CNS medication was used in one third of HCV patients. It is important to select a pDAA with a low rate of potential DI to simplify treatment. SOF/VEL is a good alternative compared with the other pDAA studied, mainly due to the concomitant use of antipsychotics and analgesics.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":" ","pages":"279-284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38388639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma midkine levels in patients with cocaine use disorder during abstinence.","authors":"Iñigo Pallardo-Fernández,&nbsp;Nuria García-Marchena,&nbsp;Carmen Rodríguez-Rivera,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Pavón,&nbsp;Carmen González-Martín,&nbsp;Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca,&nbsp;Luis F Alguacil","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.1498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preclinical evidence suggests that endogenous midkine could play a key modulatory role on the neurotoxic and addictive effects of different kinds of drugs of abuse, including psychostimulants. However, this hypothesis has not yet been explored in humans. As a first approach to progress in this knowledge, we have comparatively studied plasma midkine levels in 75 patients with cocaine use disorder under abstinence and 26 control subjects matched for sex, age and body mass index. Patients were further segmented into early-abstinent (up to one month of abstinence, n = 30) and late-abstinent (more than one month of abstinence, n = 45). Midkine levels were quantified in plasma samples of all the participants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Early-abstinent patients exhibited a 60% increase of midkine plasma concentration in comparison with the controls. This elevation tended to normalize upon the progression of abstinence. The results obtained demonstrate that peripheral midkine levels are closely related to cocaine use and are consistent with the idea that this cytokine could play a protective role by limiting the biological activity of psychostimulants.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":" ","pages":"273-278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25531400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking cessation treatment attendance among smokers with substance use disorders.","authors":"Gema Aonso-Diego,&nbsp;Alba González-Roz,&nbsp;Sara Weidberg,&nbsp;Gloria García-Fernández,&nbsp;Roberto Secades-Villa","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.1718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1718","url":null,"abstract":"Send correspondence to: Gema Aonso Diego. Unidad Clínica de Conductas Adictivas, Fac. Psicología, Univ. Oviedo, Plaza Feijoo s/n, 33003 Oviedo, España. Tel. 985104189. Email: aonsogema@uniovi.es Attrition rates pose a considerable problem in smoking cessation intervention, especially with hard-to-treat population (Lappan, Brown & Hendricks, 2019; Lien, Bolstad & Bramness, 2021). In this sense, non-attendance to a smoking cessation treatment decreases effectiveness of these interventions (Garey et al., 2020; Martínez-Vispo, López-Durán, Rodríguez-Cano, Senra & Becoña, 2021), and also brings about several resource-related costs (e.g., therapists time, urinalysis, materials) (Brorson, Arnevik, Rand-hendriksen & Duckert, 2013; Cooper, Kline, Baier & Feeny, 2018). All of the above results in a decrease in the cost-effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments in this population (Cooper et al., 2018). Although multiple researches on dropping out of smoking cessation treatments has been examined in SUD population, to our knowledge, no previous studies have examined specific predictors associated with treatment attendance in this population. Analyzing which factors predict non-attendance is expected to be clinically informative because it will enable to improve the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of existing smoking treatments. Amid this background, this exploratory study sought to examine which baseline variables (i.e., sociodemographic, tobacco, and substance use related variables) were associated with non-attendance to the smoking cessation treatment. This is a secondary study derived from a parent randomized controlled trial (Aonso-Diego, González-Roz, Krotter, García-Pérez & Secades-Villa, 2021). The eligibility criteria were: being ≥ 18 years old, smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day within the last year, and being enrolled in an outpatient substance use treatment. Participants were excluded if they had severe mental disorders (i.e., active psychotic disorder, or suicidal ideation), current cannabis use, or were receiving any other smoking cessation treatment, either psychological or pharmacological. Out of 101 participants who were assessed in an individual baseline interview, 15 were excluded for not meeting inclusion criteria, and a total of 86 patients were assigned to smoking cessation treatment. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed with attrition groups as dependent variable. The independent variables introduced were: sociodemographic (i.e., sex, age, employment status, marital status, and educational level), smoking features (i.e., cigarettes per day, years of regular use, nicotine dependence, urine cotinine levels, previous quit attempts, and current motivation to quit), and substance use related characteristics, that is, primary substance use (cocaine, alcohol, opioids, or cannabis), days of substance abstinence, and days on substance use treatment. Treatment condition [(cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) or CBT + contin","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"34 4","pages":"327-330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10335528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance use, mental health and dual disorders on pregnancy: Results of prevalence and treatment rates in a developed country.","authors":"Rodrigo Carmona Camacho,&nbsp;Nayara López Carpintero,&nbsp;María Luisa Barrigón,&nbsp;Cristina Ruiz Nogales,&nbsp;Inés Menéndez,&nbsp;Montserrat Sánchez Alonso,&nbsp;Irene Caro Cañizares,&nbsp;Juan José Hernández Aguado,&nbsp;Benjamin Le Cook,&nbsp;Margarita Alegría,&nbsp;Ricardo Saviron Cornudella,&nbsp;Javier Plaza,&nbsp;Enrique Baca-García","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.1568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Smoking and substance use during pregnancy are major preventable causes of mortality and morbidity, having a bidirectional and deleterious relationship with the mental health of the mother and child. As part of the WOMAP (Woman Mental Health and Addictions on Pregnancy) initiative, our study aimed to describe the prevalence of co-occurring mental illness and substance use problems, diagnoses and severity of those considered at risk and rates of treatment.A screening of 2,014 pregnant women was done using the AC-OK scale and they were asked about their smoking habits and services use for mental health/substance abuse. Of these, 170 women were considered at risk of co-occurring mental illness and substance use problems (≥ 2 positive responses to the AC-OK-Mental Health subscale, ≥ 1 positive response to the AC-OK-Substance Abuse subscale and/or smoking more than once a month and no use of specialized services) and were assessed with a more extensive battery of measures (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9], General Anxiety Disorder [GAD-7], Posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] Checklist for DSM-5 [PCL-5], Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT], Drug Abuse Screening Test [DAST] and Fagerström).In the last year, 614 women (30.5%) smoked tobacco (42.5% daily) and 9.8% were positive for both substance use and mental illness per the AC-OK. Only 11.1% of them received specific treatment in the previous three months while another 13.6% were scheduled to attend services in the following month. From the subsample assessed in depth, 62(36.5%) endorsed at least moderate depression, 35(20.6%) endorsed at least moderate anxiety, 32(18.8%) endorsed PTSD on the PCL, and 37 out of 88 alcohol users scored above the threshold in AUDIT (≥ 3). In conclusion, high prevalence and low treatment rates suggest that effective detection mechanisms should be integrated into usual care, allowing for early interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":" ","pages":"299-308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25528280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Back to content-based validity.","authors":"José Ventura-León","doi":"10.20882/adicciones.1213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1213","url":null,"abstract":"Letter to the editor.","PeriodicalId":55560,"journal":{"name":"Adicciones","volume":"34 4","pages":"323-326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10667847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}