Ad Hoc Networks最新文献

Swarm intelligence-inspired localization and power control for terahertz (THz) UAV-vehicle networks 基于群智能的太赫兹（THz）无人机网络定位和功率控制

IF 4.4 3区计算机科学

Ad Hoc Networks Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103892

Enis Körpe , Mustafa Alper Akkaş , Yavuz Öztürk

{"title":"Swarm intelligence-inspired localization and power control for terahertz (THz) UAV-vehicle networks","authors":"Enis Körpe , Mustafa Alper Akkaş , Yavuz Öztürk","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, terahertz (THz) communication has gained significant attention as a transformative technology for high-speed wireless networks, addressing the limitations of conventional frequency bands in meeting the escalating demand for data transmission. THz communication is particularly critical in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based communication networks, where ultra-low latency, high bandwidth, and reliable connectivity are essential. Operating in the frequency spectrum between the microwave and infrared bands, THz communication offers the potential for multi-gigabit data transmission rates, rendering it a promising enabler for next-generation intelligent transportation systems, autonomous vehicles, and UAV-supported applications. Furthermore, artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a pivotal tool to enhance the reliability and efficiency of THz-based V2X and UAV communication networks by enabling the prediction of network traffic patterns and mobility dynamics. This study introduces a swarm intelligence-based AI approach designed to optimize system performance by minimizing latency and transmission power requirements while ensuring the required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) within a UAV-assisted vehicular network operating in the THz band. The proposed methodology employs a dual-objective optimization framework that balances latency and transmission power within a predefined communication time frame. Comparative analysis is conducted between a baseline network with randomly distributed UAVs and a network employing UAV deployment guided by the proposed AI scheme. Also, the performance of proposed method is compared with existing swarm intelligence algorithms. Performance metrics, including SNR and latency, are evaluated to assess the system’s efficacy. The channel modeling process leverages the Line-by-Line Radiative Transfer Model (LBLRTM) to characterize the propagation environment in the UAV-assisted vehicular network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 103892"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An improved algorithm for indoor localization fingerprint database construction 一种改进的室内定位指纹数据库构建算法

IF 4.4 3区计算机科学

Ad Hoc Networks Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103858

Zhuo Li, Wei Liu

引用次数: 0

SC-MLIDS: Fusion-based Machine Learning Framework for Intrusion Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks SC-MLIDS：基于融合的无线传感器网络入侵检测机器学习框架

IF 4.4 3区计算机科学

Ad Hoc Networks Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103871

Hongwei Zhang , Darshana Upadhyay , Marzia Zaman , Achin Jain , Srinivas Sampalli

{"title":"SC-MLIDS: Fusion-based Machine Learning Framework for Intrusion Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"Hongwei Zhang , Darshana Upadhyay , Marzia Zaman , Achin Jain , Srinivas Sampalli","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes the Server–Client Machine Learning Intrusion Detection System (SC-MLIDS), a novel fusion framework designed to enhance security in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which are inherently vulnerable to various security threats due to their distributed nature and resource constraints. Traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) often face challenges with high computational demands and privacy issues. SC-MLIDS addresses these problems by integrating Federated Learning (FL) with a multi-sensor fusion approach to implementing two layers of defence that operate independently of specific attack types. Moreover, this framework leverages a server–client architecture to efficiently manage and process data from sensor nodes, sink nodes, and gateways within the network. The core innovation of SC-MLIDS lies in its dual model aggregation algorithms at the gateway: one assesses model performance and weight, while the other uses majority voting to integrate predictions from both client and server models. As a result, this approach reduces redundant data transmissions and enhances detection accuracy, making it more effective than conventional methods in WSNs. Our proposed framework outperforms current state-of-the-art techniques, achieving F1-scores of 99.78% and 98.80% for the two aggregation algorithms, namely, Weighted Score and Majority Voting. This validation demonstrates the effectiveness of SC-MLIDS in providing accurate intrusion detection and robust data management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103871"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing user verification and data security scheme for fog computing using self sovereign identification 利用自我主权识别增强雾计算的用户验证和数据安全方案

IF 4.4 3区计算机科学

Ad Hoc Networks Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103876

Otuekong Umoren , Amjad Ali , Zeeshan Pervez , Farman Ali , Raman Singh , Keshav Dahal , Ala Al-Fuqaha

{"title":"Enhancing user verification and data security scheme for fog computing using self sovereign identification","authors":"Otuekong Umoren , Amjad Ali , Zeeshan Pervez , Farman Ali , Raman Singh , Keshav Dahal , Ala Al-Fuqaha","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the advancements in technology, the number of connected devices in a data processing and computing environment of edge and Internet of Things (IoT) has increased exponentially. Thus, proliferation of electronics by billions has raised serious security concerns. Therefore, designing effective coordination mechanisms and ensuring user verification and data security pose significant challenges in edge environments. Moreover, dispersed architecture of fog computing presents challenges related to privacy, secure authentication, and fog device security. Therefore, to address these drawbacks, in this paper, we propose an novel approach to enhance user verification and data security in edge environment. Our proposed scheme leverages the intrinsic properties of the Ethereum blockchain to develop a smart contract-based solution for registering and verifying digital identities securely to mitigate security and privacy concerns associated with traditional authentication techniques. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme via experiments and simulations conducted on the Ethereum blockchain environment. The results indicate that the proposed scheme outperform than other state-of-the-art techniques in terms of transaction gas and execution cost for both identity registration and verification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103876"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A dynamic trust evaluation scheme based on cross-domain trust inheritance for VANETs 基于跨域信任继承的vanet动态信任评估方案

IF 4.4 3区计算机科学

Ad Hoc Networks Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103872

Yilong Ren , Zimo Li , Yang Yang , Haiyang Yu , Yanan Zhao , Xuan Wei

{"title":"A dynamic trust evaluation scheme based on cross-domain trust inheritance for VANETs","authors":"Yilong Ren , Zimo Li , Yang Yang , Haiyang Yu , Yanan Zhao , Xuan Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), vehicles can exchange information with each other or other entities, thus greatly enhancing traffic efficiency and safety. However, in such a situation, some dishonest entities may act maliciously, such as providing false information, misleading other normal vehicles to adopt unsafe behaviors, or even causing traffic accidents. Fortunately, trust evaluation is considered a feasible approach to solve the above problem by filtering malicious or unauthorized nodes based on the trust value assigned to the vehicle. However, due to the high-speed movement of vehicle nodes, it is not easy to update the trust value of a vehicle in real-time during the vehicle authentication process, especially during cross-domain vehicle authentication. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a dynamic trust evaluation scheme with cross-domain trust inheritance for VANETs (CDTE). In CDTE, we design a cross-domain trust inheritance mechanism that can update the trust value of a vehicle in a short period, thus improving the efficiency of trust assessment in high-mobility environments. In addition, an information authenticity assessment method is constructed to further enhance the accuracy of the assessment results in the trust assessment process. The simulation results show that our proposal achieves higher accuracy in detecting malicious vehicles and more efficient trust evaluation compared to existing trust evaluation mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103872"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Joint power minimization and trajectory design for collaborative communication, sensing, and computing in UAV networks 无人机网络中协同通信、传感和计算的联合功率最小化和轨迹设计

IF 4.4 3区计算机科学

Ad Hoc Networks Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103873

Zhongyu Wang , Hongbo Meng , Jihang Shi , Jiaen Zhou , Yashuai Cao , Guanghua Gu , Xuehua Li

{"title":"Joint power minimization and trajectory design for collaborative communication, sensing, and computing in UAV networks","authors":"Zhongyu Wang , Hongbo Meng , Jihang Shi , Jiaen Zhou , Yashuai Cao , Guanghua Gu , Xuehua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose a collaborative communication, sensing, and computing (CCSC) model assisted by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Ground users (GUs) generate computing tasks and communicate with UAVs to determine whether the tasks can be processed locally or offloaded to the UAVs. While GUs have limited computing power, UAVs are equipped to handle more complex tasks and sense target states. The multi-antenna base station (BS) not only manages communication tasks with UAVs but also schedules UAV operations and assigns computational tasks. The problem of UAV trajectory design and power minimization based on communication sensing and computing is studied. Since the problem is non-convex, the original problem is solved separately by a block coordinate descent approach. To solve the power minimization problem, we propose an offloading decision algorithm based on exchange matching to solve the task offloading problem and minimize the UAV computing, hovering, and flight power. For the UAV trajectory design, we propose a UAV trajectory design algorithm based on successive convex approximation (SCA) to optimize the UAV trajectory. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to other benchmarks such as the greedy algorithm and genetic algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103873"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Meta-enhanced hierarchical multi-agent reinforcement learning for dynamic spectrum management and trust-based routing in cognitive vehicular networks 认知车辆网络中动态频谱管理和基于信任路由的元增强分层多智能体强化学习

IF 4.4 3区计算机科学

Ad Hoc Networks Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103874

Ankur Nahar , Debasis Das , Ramnarayan Yadav , Khujamatov Halimjon , Ernazar Reypnazarov

{"title":"Meta-enhanced hierarchical multi-agent reinforcement learning for dynamic spectrum management and trust-based routing in cognitive vehicular networks","authors":"Ankur Nahar , Debasis Das , Ramnarayan Yadav , Khujamatov Halimjon , Ernazar Reypnazarov","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research introduces the Meta-Enhanced Recurrent Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (M-RMARL) framework, designed to tackle the challenges of reliable routing and dynamic spectrum management in Cognitive Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (CR-VANETs). The framework is built on Meta-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML), utilizing Meta-Learned Deep Recurrent Q-Networks (DRQNs) to significantly reduce training time, enabling vehicles to quickly identify optimal routes and enhance spectrum sensing with minimal adjustments. M-RMARL also features a dynamic spectrum management system that employs Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)-based meta-predictive models to forecast future spectrum availability and network conditions. These predictions allow DRQNs to make proactive, intelligent decisions, improving spectrum efficiency. To ensure secure communication, the framework incorporates a Trust-Based Meta-Coordination mechanism, which dynamically evaluates agent trustworthiness and integrates these assessments into the decision-making process. Additionally, the framework leverages a Hierarchical Meta-Agent Coordination architecture, where Roadside Units (RSUs) manage global coordination and meta-learning updates, while vehicle agents implement the derived policies. This structure enhances scalability and resource management, making M-RMARL particularly effective in complex decision-making environments. Extensive simulations demonstrate the framework’s effectiveness, showing improvements of 18% in spectrum utilization, 25% in training convergence, 20% in spectrum prediction accuracy, 30% in training efficiency, and 17% in trust evaluation reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103874"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An integrated routing and data fragmentation strategy for optimizing end-to-end delay in LEO satellite networks 一种优化低轨道卫星网络端到端时延的集成路由和数据碎片策略

IF 4.4 3区计算机科学

Ad Hoc Networks Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103870

Zhuotong Feng , Bo Li , Hongwei Ding , Fen Hou

{"title":"An integrated routing and data fragmentation strategy for optimizing end-to-end delay in LEO satellite networks","authors":"Zhuotong Feng , Bo Li , Hongwei Ding , Fen Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the advent of the digital era, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks, as a critical communication infrastructure, have gradually become a key component of global communication networks due to their extensive coverage and high reliability. However, the dynamic topological nature and frequent link disruptions inherent in LEO satellite networks pose significant challenges to traditional routing algorithms. To address this issue, this paper proposes an innovative satellite network routing strategy that integrates time slicing and contact graph models. This strategy divides time into multiple segments, dynamically acquiring topological information for each segment and selecting the optimal set of routing paths based on the topology at each given moment. Furthermore, this paper introduces a strategy that combines routing selection with data fragmentation, optimizing data transmission paths through an efficient data allocation mechanism, which significantly reduces end-to-end delay and improves data transmission efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy not only optimizes routing but also enhances load balancing and routing utilization, while achieving a substantial reduction in end-to-end delay. The contributions of this work provide novel insights into routing and traffic management in LEO satellite networks and offer valuable support for the optimization of future satellite communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103870"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and analysis of a LoRa-based system with scheduled transmissions from IoT nodes to UAV in rural areas 农村地区物联网节点到无人机定时传输的基于lora的系统设计与分析

IF 4.4 3区计算机科学

Ad Hoc Networks Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103868

Alessandro Andreadis, Giovanni Giambene, Riccardo Zambon

{"title":"Design and analysis of a LoRa-based system with scheduled transmissions from IoT nodes to UAV in rural areas","authors":"Alessandro Andreadis, Giovanni Giambene, Riccardo Zambon","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper considers Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) IoT devices deployed in rural areas without terrestrial Internet connectivity and local energy supply. These devices are equipped with sensors to continuously monitor ground conditions and deliver measurements to the Internet using the LoRa/LoRaWAN technology, exploiting the occasional connectivity to fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). This work proposes an approach to coordinate the UAV pass with the transmissions of ground nodes for smart agriculture to allow scheduled access to the LoRa gateway onboard the UAV. A testbed has been developed to study the propagation in the LoRa ISM band at 868 MHz. Then, a waypoint-based UAV closed path is devised, where the waypoints are determined as the centroids of the k-means clustering scheme on IoT node locations. Based on the Matlab UAV simulator, we determine the UAV flight trajectory and identify the intervals during which each ground node can transmit to the UAV; these intervals are used to schedule the transmissions of these nodes. We evaluate the performance of this UAV access scheme in terms of different indicators related to outage events, packet collisions, and the risk that the visibility interval of the UAV is too short for a certain node to allow it to send data to the UAV. We investigate different tradeoffs, showing that using small Spreading Factor (SF) values and selecting the maximum possible UAV flight altitude is more convenient for achieving a high probability of collecting data from the nodes in one UAV flight cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Securing cell scheduling function in TSCH-based industrial IoT networks 在基于tsch的工业物联网网络中保护小区调度功能

IF 4.4 3区计算机科学

Ad Hoc Networks Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103864

Karnish N.A. Tapadar, Manas Khatua, Tamarapalli Venkatesh

{"title":"Securing cell scheduling function in TSCH-based industrial IoT networks","authors":"Karnish N.A. Tapadar, Manas Khatua, Tamarapalli Venkatesh","doi":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adhoc.2025.103864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>6TiSCH is a widely adopted low-power networking standard for Industrial IoT applications that provides highly reliable communication with low latency. Cell scheduling is one of the crucial components in 6TiSCH networks, as it determines packet transmission schedules based on time and channel allocation policy. The IETF published the Minimal Scheduling Function (MSF) and associated 6top (6P) protocol to manage cell schedules dynamically. However, security of the 6TiSCH architecture, particularly the vulnerabilities within the MSF and its associated 6P, has not been fully explored in the literature. This paper identifies vulnerabilities present in the MSF and 6P protocol, and demonstrates the feasibility of two different types of attack called <em>cell depletion attack</em> and <em>schedule instability attack</em>. In both attacks, the main objective of adversary is to consume scheduling resources and make the schedule unstable by performing unnecessary and incorrect 6P transactions. These attacks disrupt the communication schedule of victim nodes as well as victims’ successors, thus causing schedule instability, reduced reliability and increased energy consumption. The Minimal Security Framework standardized by IETF cannot handle such attacks on the MSF. Therefore, this paper proposes a comprehensive strategy (SCSF-WELA) that combines rule-based approach and Weak Estimation Learning Automata (WELA) to detect and prevent malicious behaviour by an attacker. The proposed solution integrates into the standard MSF without additional communication overhead. Through extensive simulations using the 6TiSCH simulator, we verify that the impact of these attacks is significant as they can increase schedule instability by four times and the 6P messaging overhead by 42% in a 60-node network. Furthermore, the proposed <em>SCSF-WELA</em> contermeasure shows substantial improvements in network stability, energy efficiency, and overall performance under those attacks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55555,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc Networks","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103864"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0