{"title":"Robust optimization for composite blade of wind turbine based on kriging model","authors":"Yuqiao Zheng, Huidong Ma, Jia-Hua Wei, Kai Zhu","doi":"10.1177/2633366X20914631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633366X20914631","url":null,"abstract":"Structural optimization models often feature many uncertain factors, which can be handled by robust optimization. This work presents a complete robust optimization program for composite blade based on the kriging approximation model. Two case studies were given and performed using a genetic algorithm. The first being typical optimization, where the first natural frequency of the blade is selected as the optimized objective and the optimal sizing distribution for the entire blade shell is sought to ignore the uncertain factors. The other case determines the standard deviation of the optimized objective in the first case as another optimization goal. Moreover, a 6σ robustness for the optimization results of the two cases was evaluated. The result shows that typical optimization increases the first natural frequency of the blade by 19%, while its robustness level has a reduction of 61% compared with the first blade. Nevertheless, the robust optimization not only results in an increment of 15.4% in the first natural frequency of the blade but also increases its robustness level by up to 90%. Therefore, the proposed approach can effectively improve optimization objectives, especially reduce the impacts of uncertainties on the objective functions.","PeriodicalId":55551,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2633366X20914631","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46189707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Eun, Dong Hyun Kim, Joon‐Seok Lee, Jin-sung Chon
{"title":"Effect of toughened polyamide/carbon fiber interlace braid fabric on the mechanical performance of CFRP laminates","authors":"J. Eun, Dong Hyun Kim, Joon‐Seok Lee, Jin-sung Chon","doi":"10.1177/0963693520906162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0963693520906162","url":null,"abstract":"Delamination resistance and epoxy matrix brittle fracture have been the main issues in carbon/epoxy composites laminates. Various studies have been reported to complement the brittle fracture of epoxy matrix. Conventional methods of fabricating toughened carbon/epoxy composite laminates were thermo-plastic veils and films interleaving methods, directly toughening the matrix resin and dispersing nanoparticles in the matrix. In this study, the carbon/epoxy composites laminates were manufactured using carbon fiber/polyamide fiber braided fabrics. The chemical interactions between polyamide and epoxy matrix resin were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which resulted in ring opening of the epoxide group by the amide group. The compression after impact strength and the interlaminar toughness of the carbon/epoxy composite laminate were increased by 31%, and the strain energy release rates were increased by 120% compared to the virgin interface composite. In the case of carbon/epoxy composite laminates interlaced with polyamide fibers, the mechanical properties, such as the tensile strength and fatigue properties, were improved as tensile modulus decreased.","PeriodicalId":55551,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0963693520906162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46094046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Failure study of fiber/epoxy composite laminate interface using cohesive multiscale model","authors":"R. Moheimani, R. Sarayloo, H. Dalir","doi":"10.1177/2633366X20910157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633366X20910157","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, finite element modeling is performed to investigate the compressive failure of the composite sandwich structures with layered composite shells. An embedded debond area between the layered composite shell and the foam core is assumed as a defect. The composite shells are several plies of equal thickness Kevlar, carbon fiber composite, and E-glass composite with epoxy resin. Three different lay-ups, namely, (0°/90°/0°/90°/0°/90°), (45°/−45°/0°/90°/60°/−30°), and (60°/−30°/90°/0°/30°/90°) are considered for symmetric and asymmetric sequences. The work focuses on the importance of cohesive zone model versus the previously conducted numerical simulation and experimental results for buckling of sandwich composite structures. This enables one to account for delamination growth between shells and core and improve the correlation results with those of experiments. It has been shown that not only the cohesive model is capable of demonstrating delamination propagation, but it also correlates very well with the experimental data. By compiling user-defined cohesive mesoscale model in Abaqus simulation, the local and global buckling of the face-sheets can be precisely detected and response of sandwich structure becomes mesh independent, while mesh size is reduced.","PeriodicalId":55551,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2633366X20910157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41473114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on ice adhesion of composite anti-/deicing component under heating condition","authors":"Yishu Zhang, Long Chen, Hui Liu","doi":"10.1177/2633366X20912440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633366X20912440","url":null,"abstract":"An anti-/deicing component of composite materials for wind turbine blades is usually carried out under heating conditions. In order to study the ice adhesion properties of composite anti-/deicing component under heating conditions, an experimental platform for measuring ice adhesion force on composites was set up. Based on the heating parameters such as the heating temperature, heating voltage, and heating time, the experiments of ice adhesion of composite anti-/deicing component under deicing conditions were designed by orthogonal analysis. In this article, ice adhesion forces on composite anti-/deicing component were measured at −9.74°C, −11.58°C, −14.1°C, and −16.84°C by the proposed experiment platform, and the real ice adhesion forces under various heating parameters were measured. Through the analysis of experimental data and fitting method, the relationship between various factors and ice adhesion on composite anti-/deicing component was expounded. The influence weight of each heating parameter on the ice adhesion was analyzed. In addition, the mathematical model of ice adhesion on composite anti-/deicing component under deicing condition was established to describe the influence of deicing variables on ice adhesion in the experiments. According to the fitting function of the experimental data, the relationship between the heat consumption of composite anti-/deicing component and ice adhesion force in the process of heating is in accordance with the inverse power exponential expression, which reveals the internal relationship between ice adhesion force and energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":55551,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2633366X20912440","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46420469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced thermal and electrical properties of epoxy/carbon fiber–silicon carbide composites","authors":"A. Kareem","doi":"10.1177/2633366X19894598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633366X19894598","url":null,"abstract":"The silicon carbide/carbon fiber (SiC/CF) hybrid fillers were introduced to improve the electrical and thermal conductivities of the epoxy resin composites. Results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the peaks at 3532 and 2850 cm−1 relate to carboxylic acid O–H stretching and aldehyde C–H stretching appearing deeper with an increased volume fraction of SiC. Scanning electron microscopic image shows a better interface bonding between the fiber and the matrix when the volume fraction of SiC particles are increased. As frequency increases from 102 Hz to 106 Hz, dielectric constants decrease slightly. Dissipation factor (tan δ) values keep low and almost constant from 102 Hz to 104 Hz, has a slight increase after 104 Hz, and obtain relaxation peaks approximately between 105 and 106 Hz. A sharp increase in dielectric constant and dissipation factors is observed in epoxy (Ep)/CF composites with 30 vol.% of SiC. The increase in electrical conductivity of composites may result from the increased chain ordering by annealing effect. The electrical conductivities of the Ep/CF composites are decreasing with the increasing volume fraction of SiC. It is attributed to the introduction of insulating SiC. The glass transition temperature (T g) of the Ep/CF-30 vol.% SiC composite was 352 C, which was higher than other composites. The decomposition temperature at 5% weight loss, decomposition temperature at 10% weight loss, and maximum decomposition temperature of the Ep/CF-30 vol.% SiC composite were about 389.5°C, 410.7°C, and 591°C, respectively, and were higher than pure epoxy and other composites. A higher thermal conductivity of 1.86 W (m K)−1 could be achieved with 30 vol.% SiC/CF hybrid fillers, which is about nine times higher than that of native epoxy resin of 0.202 W (m.K)−1.","PeriodicalId":55551,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2633366X19894598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46665270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Brauner, S. Nakouzi, Lucian Zweifel, Jens Tresch
{"title":"Co-curing behaviour of thermoset composites with a thermoplastic boundary layer for welding purposes","authors":"C. Brauner, S. Nakouzi, Lucian Zweifel, Jens Tresch","doi":"10.1177/2633366X20902777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633366X20902777","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of this study is to determine the interphase behaviour of a thermoset epoxy resin that is commercially used for carbon fibre–reinforced composite materials in aerospace structures and a suitable thermoplastic material that can be used as a boundary layer. The thermoplastic boundary layer will be used for welding purposes to join structural components with a fraction of the effort compared to conventional gluing processes. In this study, the interphase formation of an epoxy resin with several thermoplastic materials, namely, polyetheretherketone, polyvinylidenfluoride, polyphenylensulfide and polyetherimide (PEI), is studied via hot-stage microscope experiments. Based on this study, PEI was selected, and a detailed study was performed to determine the dependency of dissolution, diffusion and phase separation mechanisms under various isothermal conditions. Additionally, the welding behaviour was investigated by a resistance welding rig whereby the process parameters were statistically varied to optimize the lap shear strength. The results of this study will enable a statement about the interphase development, the morphology and the mechanical properties which is a key element of fully understanding the process.","PeriodicalId":55551,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2633366X20902777","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45402467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of water-to-binder ratio on the properties of CSA cement-based grouting materials with LiAl-LDH","authors":"Haiyan Li, Kuo Yang, X. Guan","doi":"10.1177/2633366X20908876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633366X20908876","url":null,"abstract":"The compressive strength of sulfoaluminate cement-based grouting materials (CBGMs) cannot meet the requirement of repair and reinforcement engineering in the presence of high water-to-binder ratio (w/b) of 0.5-1.2. Using nanotechnology, the mechanical property of the CBGM paste at different ages can be improved and our previous experimental results showed that lithium aluminum layered double hydroxides (LiAl-LDHs) with nanostructure can significantly increase the compressive strength of CBGM paste. In addition to the characteristics of nanomaterials, the performance of nanomaterials is also related to w/b of paste. In this work, the effect of w/b ratio on the compressive strength, hydration process, and products of calcium sulphoaluminate cement (CSA) CBGMs with and without LiAl-LDH was studied. Results indicate that with the increase of w/b from 0.6 to 1.0, the growth rate of compressive strength of CBGM paste with LiAl-LDH enhanced. Moreover, LiAl-LDH enhanced total hydration heat more effectively at a higher w/b and as the w/b increased from 0.6 to 1.0, the growth rate of hydration product boosted, which is the reason why the enhancement ratio of compressive strength of the paste was larger at high w/b.","PeriodicalId":55551,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2633366X20908876","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44769401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The preparation and characterization of SnO2/rGO nanocomposites electrode materials for supercapacitor","authors":"Ying Zhang, Manna Liu, Shishuai Sun, Liying Yang","doi":"10.1177/2633366X20909839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633366X20909839","url":null,"abstract":"The ultrafine tin oxide (SnO2) nanorods/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites are synthesized by a two-step hydrothermal method. The prepared nanocomposites are characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, and Fourier transform infrared spectra. The results of electrochemical performance show that specific capacitance of the composite can reach 262.2 F g−1 at the current density of 100 mA g−1 in the 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. An initial capacitance retention of the composite is 96.1% after 6000 cycles, indicating its excellent electrochemical performance.","PeriodicalId":55551,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2633366X20909839","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46444338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental and semianalytical investigation of X850 ± IM190 CFRP bolted joints","authors":"Boling He","doi":"10.1177/0963693519895009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0963693519895009","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the fact that the foundation data for a new X850 ± IM190 carbon/epoxy material system adopted in commercial aircraft industry are extremely scarce in the literature, an in-plane, static tensile experiment was carried out to investigate the bearing performance of double-lap, single-bolt joints in X850 ± IM190 carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. The effects of ply ratio, 0° layers’ combination percentage, bolt diameter, and curing method were considered. Then, special attention was paid to determine the design parameters of X850 ± IM190 CFRP bolted joints, such as tensile strength of un-notched laminate and stress concentration relief factor. Based on these design parameters, an efficient semianalytical approach was established to obtain the ultimate bearing strength of the joints. The failure prediction exhibited excellent agreement with the experimental data. These results will play an important role in design and strength evaluation of X850 ± IM190 CFRP bolted joints.","PeriodicalId":55551,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0963693519895009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43500204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cell quality measurement using cloud computing in case of NiCd/NiMH battery study","authors":"H. Lin, Chao-Wei Wei, Hong-Ming Chen","doi":"10.1177/2633366X19898193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633366X19898193","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, 3.6 V 700 mAh NiCd/NiMH battery is the most popular one used in emergency lights or other devices. It is well known that the state of health is related to the battery internal resistance and charging/discharging characteristics. However, the information needed may not be unveiled sufficiently from the manufactory although some certain specifications are provided. To provide users more accurate information, this system proposes an online battery quality measurement system based on two-pulse approach for internal resistance estimation along with long-term charging/discharging life cycle test. The measurement tasks are carried out using the microprocessor that connects with the computer via universal serial bus. Through the data acquisition system, every measured data from the microprocessor can be immediately transmitted to the data server via transmission control protocol/internet protocol. Accordingly, all testing results can be viewed online from the website, and their history record can be also tracked in the database. The experimental results verify that the proposed scheme can perform the quality measurement effectively and accurately.","PeriodicalId":55551,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2633366X19898193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47804495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}